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Pan Y, Wei L, Zheng Z, Bi W. An evaluation of bone depth at different three-dimensional paths in infrazygomatic crest region for miniscrew insertion: A cone beam computed tomography study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25827. [PMID: 38352741 PMCID: PMC10863323 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the difference and distribution of bone depth at different three-dimensional simulated paths to help optimize the insertion path for miniscrew placement in the infrazygomatic crest. Methods Cone beam computed tomography scans of 80 adults (38 males and 42 females; mean age, 27.0 years) were assessed. For each subject, bone depth of 81 simulated insertion paths at different insertion points and three-dimensional angulations was measured in 160 infrazygomatic crests; the differences were evaluated using the adjusted Friedman test. The bone deficiency ratio for each path was calculated. Distributions of measurements were analyzed and reported as specially designed colormaps. Results Bone depth increased, and bone deficiency ratio reduced mesially to distally (P < 0.001), apically to coronally (P < 0.01), and at a greater gingival and distal inclination (P < 0.05). The maximum bone depth (10.72 mm) was observed 13 mm above the maxillary occlusal plane in the mesiobuccal root of the maxillary second molar. The minimum bone depth (3.4 mm) was observed 17 mm above the maxillary occlusal plane in the distobuccal root of the maxillary first molar. No bone deficiency was detected at the paths of 13 mm above the maxillary occlusal plane at a gingival inclination of 70° and distal inclination of 30° in the mesiobuccal root of the maxillary second molar. The highest bone deficiency ratio is present 17 mm above the maxillary occlusal plane at a gingival inclination of 60° and a distal inclination of 0° in the distobuccal root of the maxillary first molar (89/160). Conclusion Insertion paths located at 13 mm above the maxillary occlusal plane in the mesiobuccal root of the maxillary second molar were optimal. A gingival inclination of 70° and a distal inclination of 30° could be beneficial. The distobuccal root of the maxillary first molar region or above the 17 mm insertion plane may not be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingdan Pan
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lijun Wei
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhanglong Zheng
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wei Bi
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, Xiamen, China
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Schwarz L, Unger E, Gahleitner A, Rausch-Fan X, Jonke E. A novel approach for gingiva thickness measurements around lower anterior teeth by means of dental magnetic resonance imaging. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 28:18. [PMID: 38135801 PMCID: PMC10746778 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05459-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This diagnostic accuracy study aims to present the first measurements of gingiva thickness around lower anterior teeth using dental magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to compare these measurements with two established methods: (1) gingival phenotype assessment via periodontal probing, and (2) the superimposition of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans with intraoral scans of teeth and gums. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten patients with substantial orthodontic treatment need and anterior mandibular crowding were consecutively included in this clinical case series. After periodontal probing, each patient underwent a CBCT scan, an intraoral scan of the mandible, and an MRI investigation using a novel mandibula 15-channel dental coil. RESULTS The mean gingiva thickness was 0.72 mm measured on MRI and 0.97 mm measured on CBCT, with a mean difference between the measurement methods of 0.17 ± 0.27 mm (p < 0.001). Measurement agreement between the index tests (MRI and CBCT) and the clinical reference standard (probing) yielded an overall percent agreement of 64.94% and 47.02% for MRI and CBCT, respectively. Teeth with thin phenotypes were associated with lower soft tissue dimensions in both free (MRI: 0.56 mm vs. CBCT: 0.79 mm) and supracrestal gingiva (MRI: 0.75 mm vs. CBCT: 1.03 mm) when compared to those with thick phenotypes. However, only the measurements obtained from MRI scans showed statistically significant differences between the two phenotypes. CONCLUSION Dental MRI successfully visualizes delicate structures like the gingiva in the anterior mandible and achieves a high correlation with superimposed CBCT scans, with clinically acceptable deviations. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The present study helps to establish dental MRI as a radiation-free alternative to conventional radiographic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Schwarz
- Division of Orthodontics, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Ewald Unger
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - André Gahleitner
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Xiaohui Rausch-Fan
- Center of Clinical Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Erwin Jonke
- Division of Orthodontics, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
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Khazaal Al-Jaboori AS, Hassan NA. Cone Beam CT Assessment of Bone Width of Upper and Lower Jaws for Dental Implant Placement: An Iraqi Study. SCIENTIFICA 2023; 2023:4472154. [PMID: 37091876 PMCID: PMC10118883 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4472154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Background Implantology focuses on the measurement of bone thickness in both the lower and upper jaws. This study aimed to measure and compare alveolar bone thickness of the upper and lower jaws at single edentate sites and cortical bone thickness of their mesial and distal dentate sites. Methods Thickness of alveolar bone thickness was measured in 80 upper and 80 lower implant edentate sites and that of buccal and lingual cortical plates of their mesial and distal dentate sites using Cone beam CT. The bone thickness of the edentulous sites was recorded at 3 points (crestal bone, five mm from the crest, and ten mm from the crest), while the bone thickness of the dentate sites was determined at four points (crestal bone, midroot bone, mid of the alveolar bone housing, and apical portion). Results An increased amount of bone was measured from the crest to the apical portion of the dentate sites on the buccal and lingual sides of both jaws with a highly significant difference detected among all the tested points (P < 0.0001). No statistical difference was detected between the means of buccal bone width at the first 3 points, except at point 4 (the apical portion), where the mean of the lower jaw (3.35 ± 0.54) was significantly larger than that of the upper jaw (3.17 ± 0.55) (P = 0.04). Bone width measured in the edentulous sites showed a gradual increase from the crest to the apical portions in both jaws. Conclusion Bone thickness at the coronal levels is low and susceptible to resorption compared to the apical portions regardless of the dentate state.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nuhad A. Hassan
- Department of Oral Medicine, College of Dentistry, AL-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
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Hassan NA, Al-radha ASD. CBCT Evaluation of Quality and Quantity of Bones for Immediate Implant Treatment Planning in Central Incisor Area in relation to Arch Form. ScientificWorldJournal 2023; 2023:8863318. [PMID: 37101786 PMCID: PMC10125741 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8863318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the quality of the ridge and facial cortical bone in the aesthetic zone is important for treatment with an immediate dental implant. This study aimed to analyze bone density and widths of the facial cortical bone and alveolar ridge at the central incisors in relation to arch form. A total of 400 teeth from 100 cone-beam CT images were divided equally between the upper and lower central incisors. The central incisor area was assessed for the width of the facial cortical and alveolar bones at three different points (3 mm, 6 mm, and 9 mm from the cementoenamel junction). Arch forms and densities of cortical and cancellous bones in the interradicular regions were evaluated. The difference in facial cortical bone thickness at 3 points was smaller for the upper teeth than for the lower teeth on both sides. The alveolar bone width was higher in the maxilla than the mandible with highly significant differences (P < 0.001). The highest bone density was at the buccal aspect of the mandible (897.36 ± 136.72 HU), while the lowest density was at the cancellous bone of the maxilla (600.37 ± 126.63 HU). The dominant arch form was ovoid 71%, followed by square 20% and the tapering arch form 10%. The tapering arch form has the highest alveolar bone width in the upper jaw without statistical significance. The facial cortical bone thickness needs to be evaluated before implantation in the anterior region because it is less than two millimeters in both jaws. CBCT is important for the immediate implant. The ovoid shape was the dominant arch form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuhad A. Hassan
- Oral Medicine Department, College of Dentistry, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Afya Sahib Diab Al-radha
- Oral Surgery and Periodontology Department, College of Dentistry, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
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Bednarz-Tumidajewicz M, Furtak A, Zakrzewska A, Rąpała M, Gerreth K, Gedrange T, Bednarz W. Comparison of the Effectiveness of the Ultrasonic Method and Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Combined with Intraoral Scanning and Prosthetic-Driven Implant Planning Method in Determining the Gingival Phenotype in the Healthy Periodontium. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12276. [PMID: 36231576 PMCID: PMC9566378 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two diagnostic methods: ultrasonic gingival thickness measurement (UGTM) and cone-beam computed tomography, intraoral scanning by computer-aided design technology with prosthetic-driven implant planning software (CBCT/CAD/PDIP) in determining the gingival phenotype (GP). Thirty periodontally healthy patients were examined. The ultrasonic device Pirop G® with a frequency of 20 MHz and CBCT/CAD/PDIP were used to measure gingival thickness at upper canines and incisors in three points localized midbuccally, namely free gingival thickness (FGT), supracrestal (SGT) and crestal (CGT). Probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and width of keratinized tissue (WKT) were measured using periodontal probe. Intra-examiner and inter-examiner agreement and agreement between methods were evaluated using Bland-Altman analyses. Comparing both methods in the determination of SGT (bias = 0.17 mm, SD = 0.25 mm, p < 0.000) and CGT (bias = -0.45 mm, SD = 0.32 mm, p < 0.000) 95.0% and 95.6% agreement were found, respectively, and in the FGT range only 93.3% (bias = -0.45 mm, SD = 0.32 mm, p < 0.000). The presence of positive correlations between WKT and SGT was shown. A positive correlation between SGT and WKT confirms the purpose of measuring these parameters for the evaluation of the GP. Both the ultrasonic method and cone-beam computed tomography combined with intraoral scanning and prosthetic-driven implant planning method were useful in determining gingival phenotype, however, the ultrasonic method was more accurate for measuring GT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aneta Furtak
- Department of Periodontology, Specialist Outpatient Medical Clinic MEDIDENT in Gorlice, 38-300 Gorlice, Poland
| | - Aneta Zakrzewska
- Department of Periodontology, Medical University in Wroclaw, 50-041 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Rąpała
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Marciniak Hospital, 50-041 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Gerreth
- Department of Risk Group Dentistry, Chair of Pediatric Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
| | - Tomasz Gedrange
- Department of Orthodontics, Carl Gustav Carus Campus, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01309 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Dental Surgery, Medical University in Wroclaw, Krakowska 26 Str., 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Bednarz
- Department of Periodontology, Specialist Outpatient Medical Clinic MEDIDENT in Gorlice, 38-300 Gorlice, Poland
- Department of Periodontology, Medical University in Wroclaw, 50-041 Wroclaw, Poland
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Nalbantoğlu AM, Yanık D. Evaluation of facial alveolar bone thickness and fenestration of the maxillary premolars. Arch Oral Biol 2022; 142:105522. [PMID: 35987129 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to retrospectively investigate the facial alveolar bone (FAB) thickness and fenestration rate of maxillary first and second premolars using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). DESIGN A total of CBCT images of 66 patients were selected and 200 maxillary premolar (100 first and 100 second premolar) were included. The FAB thicknesses were measured at 1,3 and 5 mm apical to the alveolar bone peak. The prevalence of fenestration in maxillary premolars was recorded. The statistical analyses were performed. RESULTS The FAB thicknesses of the second premolars (1.39 mm at 1 mm, 1.42 mm at 3 mm, and 1.22 mm at 5 mm) were significantly higher than the first premolars (1.11 mm at 1 mm, 0.70 mm at 3 mm, and 0.48 mm at 5 mm) at 1, 3, and 5 mm levels (p < 0.05). The lowest prevalence (1 %) of the thickness of FAB ≥ 2 mm was in the first premolar has at 5 mm apical of the alveolar bone peak. The overall prevalence of fenestration in maxillary premolars was found as 30.5 %. There was a statistically significant difference between first and second premolars (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The FAB thicknesses are lower in the first premolar than the second premolar. The lowest FAB thickness was in the first premolar at 5 mm apical of the bone crest as 0.42 mm. The prevalence of fenestration in maxillary premolars was higher in the Turkish subpopulation than in other populations. Fenestration was more common in the maxillary first premolar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Mert Nalbantoğlu
- Antalya Bilim University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Deniz Yanık
- Antalya Bilim University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Antalya, Turkey.
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Three-dimensional Analysis of Alveolar Bone With and Without Periodontitis. Int Dent J 2022; 72:634-640. [PMID: 35760735 PMCID: PMC9485513 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the alveolar bone density and thickness in Chinese participants with and without periodontitis. METHODOLOGY This study was retrospective and cross-sectional in nature and used cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to evaluate alveolar bone loss, bone density, and bone thickness around 668 mandibular molars (344 periodontally healthy teeth and 324 teeth with periodontitis). Comparative statistical tests were done related to the age, sex, tooth type, tooth side, and degree of bone loss. The significance level was set to be P < .05. RESULTS The alveolar bone density significantly differed between the healthy and periodontitis groups (mean difference = 24.4 Hounsfield units; P = .007). Similarly, the alveolar bone thickness of the healthy group was significantly higher than that of the periodontitis group (4.6 ± 1.8 mm compared to 4.2 ± 1.1 mm). Teeth in females demonstrated a significantly (P ˂ .001) higher bone density compared with males in both healthy and compromised groups. However, males showed a significantly (P ˂ .05) thicker bone of the teeth than females in relation to the healthy group. The alveolar bone density and thickness in both healthy and periodontitis groups significantly differed between the first and the second molars (P < .001). The alveolar bone thickness had a highly significant difference (P < .001) between the different degrees of bone loss. CONCLUSIONS Alveolar bone thickness and density were reduced at periodontally diseased teeth.
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Heimes D, Schiegnitz E, Kuchen R, Kämmerer PW, Al-Nawas B. Buccal Bone Thickness in Anterior and Posterior Teeth-A Systematic Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:1663. [PMID: 34946389 PMCID: PMC8700878 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9121663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Immediate dental implant placement has been a subject of great interest over the last decade. Here, information regarding the anatomy and bone thickness of the jaw prior to dental implant placement is crucial to increase the surgery's success and the patient's safety. The clinical premises for this approach have been controversially discussed. One of those heavily discussed premises is a buccal bone thickness of at least 1 mm thickness. This meta-analysis aims to systematically review buccal bone thickness (BBT) in healthy patients. Thus, the feasibility of immediate dental implant placement in daily practice can be assessed. (2) Methods: A search in the electronic databases was performed to identify articles reporting on BBT that was measured by computed tomography in adults. (3) Results: We were able to find 45 studies, including 4324 patients with 25,452 analyzed teeth. The analysis showed a BBT at the alveolar crest of 0.76 ± 0.49 mm in the maxillary frontal and of 1.42 ± 0.74 mm in the maxillary posterior region. In the mandible, the average measured values were similar to those in the maxilla (front: 0.95 ± 0.58 mm; posterior: 1.20 ± 0.96 mm). In the maxillary frontal region 74.4% and in the mandibular frontal region 61.2% of the crestal buccal bones showed widths <1 mm. (4) Conclusions: In more than 60% of the cases, the BBT at the alveolar crest is <1 mm in maxillary and mandibular frontal regions. This anatomic data supports careful pre-surgical assessment, planning of a buccal graft, and critical selection of indication for immediate implant placement, especially in the maxillary and mandibular frontal and premolar region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Heimes
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (E.S.); (P.W.K.); (B.A.-N.)
| | - Eik Schiegnitz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (E.S.); (P.W.K.); (B.A.-N.)
| | - Robert Kuchen
- Institute for Medical Statistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Peer W. Kämmerer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (E.S.); (P.W.K.); (B.A.-N.)
| | - Bilal Al-Nawas
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (E.S.); (P.W.K.); (B.A.-N.)
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Pietruska MJ, Waszkiewicz E, Skurska A, Sajewicz E, Dolińska E, Pietruska M. The Cone Beam Computed Tomography Evaluation of Cortical Bone Plate after Piezocision-Assisted Orthodontic Upper Arch Expansion: A Case Series. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14226967. [PMID: 34832368 PMCID: PMC8623075 DOI: 10.3390/ma14226967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: The purpose of the study was to evaluate cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) after piezocision-assisted orthodontic maxillary arch expansion. Methods: Forty CBCT images of 20 patients taken before and after treatment were included in the study. The following radiographic parameters were measured: buccal/palatal bone plate thickness measured in three locations, 0.5 mm, 3.5 mm, and 5 mm from the margin of alveolar process; cemento-enamel junction-crest distance (CEJ-C) measured at buccal (CEJ-B) and palatal/lingual (CEJ-P) aspects. Results: After treatment there were insignificant changes in CEJ-C and thickness of buccal/palatal plates for all the dental groups except for incisors and premolars. CEJ-B increased by 1.43 mm on premolars and CEJ-P by 1.65 mm on incisors and by 0.31 mm on premolars. On the incisors, the buccal plate width increased significantly, by 0.2 mm and 0.44 mm at 3.5-mm and 5-mm measurement points. On premolars, the buccal plate width decreased in three measuring points by 0.27 mm, 0.37 mm, and 0.25 mm. Conclusions: Piezocision-assisted orthodontic maxillary arch expansion does not cause evident negative changes of cortical plates except for the premolar region. Therefore, premolars may be at greater risk of buccal plate loss than other teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Julia Pietruska
- Independent Researcher, ul. Waszyngtona 1/34, 15-269 Białystok, Poland; (M.J.P.); (E.W.)
| | - Emilia Waszkiewicz
- Independent Researcher, ul. Waszyngtona 1/34, 15-269 Białystok, Poland; (M.J.P.); (E.W.)
| | - Anna Skurska
- Department of Periodontal and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Waszyngtona 13, 15-269 Białystok, Poland; (A.S.); (E.D.)
| | - Eugeniusz Sajewicz
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Białystok University of Technology, ul. Wiejska 45c, 15-351 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Ewa Dolińska
- Department of Periodontal and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Waszyngtona 13, 15-269 Białystok, Poland; (A.S.); (E.D.)
| | - Małgorzata Pietruska
- Department of Periodontal and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Waszyngtona 13, 15-269 Białystok, Poland; (A.S.); (E.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-85-748-59-05
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Shemtov-Yona K. Quantitative assessment of the jawbone quality classification: A meta-analysis study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253283. [PMID: 34133463 PMCID: PMC8208540 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Bone quality is evaluated using bone density for qualitative classification, a characteristic that may be delicate to evaluate. Contemporary implantology that relies on modern measurement techniques, needs a more quantitative estimate of the bone quality. MATERIALS AND METHODS PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched with no time restriction. Clinical and radiographic studies reporting on alveolar ridge dimensions and its parameters in different areas of the dentate and edentulous jaws were included. A meta-analysis was performed using random effect models to report a combined mean for alveolar ridge and its parameters. Meta regression statistical tests were performed in order to identify differences in those outcome parameters. RESULTS 30 studies were included. The majority of the selected studies (total of 27) used live human subjects and CBCT to analyze alveolar ridge dimensions and its parameters. Using the combined mean obtained from the meta-analysis, a typical portrait of the alveolar ridge was constructed, and a geometrically based quantitative bone classification proposed. The quantitative classification was found to match the existing qualitative classification. CONCLUSION A geometry-based analysis was constructed that yields valuable insights on the bone type based on its components and on the dynamics of the dentate / edentulous states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren Shemtov-Yona
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion, Haifa, Israel
- The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Department of Oral Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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11
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Rojo-Sanchis J, Soto-Peñaloza D, Peñarrocha-Oltra D, Peñarrocha-Diago M, Viña-Almunia J. Facial alveolar bone thickness and modifying factors of anterior maxillary teeth: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cone-beam computed tomography studies. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:143. [PMID: 33752651 PMCID: PMC7986564 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01495-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding the anatomy of the facial alveolar bone (FAB), provides a prognostic tool for estimating the degree of dimensional ridge alterations after tooth extraction. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to determine the FAB thickness and modifying factors of anterior maxillary teeth measured by CBCT scans. A secondary objective was to assess the facial distance from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) to the bone crest.
Methods An electronic search was made of Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar up to December 2019. Studies that analyze and quantitatively compare FAB thickness at maxillary teeth by CBCT scans were included. The methodological quality of the included studies was appraised using the ROBINS-I tool and the overall meta-evidence certainty using the GRADE approach. A single means random-effects meta-analysis was performed to obtain the weighted mean for 95% confidence interval. A meta-regression of covariates and subgroup analysis was conducted. The nullity Qh test and I2 index for heterogeneity was estimated.
Results 2560 potentially relevant articles were recorded from which 29 studies were selected for the qualitative analysis, including 17,321 teeth. Seventeen studies considered the facial bone crest, and 12 the CEJ as a reference point for their measurements. Mean FAB thickness was ≤ 1 mm in maxillary incisors and canines (0.75–1.05 mm) and 1–2 mm in premolars. Patients over 50 years of age, females and thin gingival phenotype was associated with thinner FAB at some apico-coronal locations of maxillary incisors and canines. The geographical setting was an effect modifier that could explain up to 87% of the heterogeneity in FAB thickness, being Asian populations that showed the lowest FAB thickness values. The CEJ-bone crest distance was 2–2.5 mm in all teeth analyzed. Population over 50 years of age exhibited greater CEJ-bone crest distances, and males also showed a trend for greater distance. Evidence certainty has shown moderate quality in most analysis subsets. Conclusions Facial alveolar bone at anterior maxillary teeth is thin, heterogeneous in width along its apico-coronal dimensions, and increases in thickness in maxillary premolars. The CEJ-bone crest distance presented homogeneous and similar values in all teeth analyzed. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-021-01495-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Rojo-Sanchis
- Oral Surgery Unit, Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Gascó Oliag 1, Valencia, 46010, Spain
| | - David Soto-Peñaloza
- Oral Surgery Unit, Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Gascó Oliag 1, Valencia, 46010, Spain
| | - David Peñarrocha-Oltra
- Oral Surgery Unit, Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Gascó Oliag 1, Valencia, 46010, Spain
| | - Miguel Peñarrocha-Diago
- Oral Surgery Unit, Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Gascó Oliag 1, Valencia, 46010, Spain
| | - José Viña-Almunia
- Oral Surgery Unit, Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Gascó Oliag 1, Valencia, 46010, Spain.
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Mochizuki Y, Marukawa E, Harada H, Kinoshita N, Nakatani R, Oikawa Y, Hirai H, Tomioka H, Yoda T, Nakamura S, Kurabayashi T. Postoperative morphological changes over time of vascularized scapular bone used for mandibular reconstruction: A retrospective cohort study. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2021; 74:1984-1990. [PMID: 33785268 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2021.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, sequential morphological changes of vascularized scapular bone for mandibular reconstruction have remained unreported. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 18 patients with defects on the lateral segment of the mandible who underwent postoperative computed tomography (CT) scanning at 1, 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively. Using the cross-sectional coronal CT images during each assessment, we measured the height and thickness of the grafted scapular bone at points 10 and 30 mm away from the mesial segment and evaluated their differences over time. Then, the relationship between the morphological changes of the grafted scapular bone and the distance from the mesial bone segment, the number of occlusal supports on the contralateral side of the mandible, and the correlation of sex and age were evaluated. RESULTS The height of the grafted scapular bone decreased by approximately 11% and its thickness increased by 14% within 24 months postoperatively. The bone thickness increase was greater at point 30 mm from the mesial bone segment. Patients with two occlusal contacts (premolar and molar) on the contralateral side had a significantly higher rate of bone thickness increase. Furthermore, the graft morphology was not associated with age or sex. CONCLUSION A vascularized scapular bone thickens over time, which depends on the distance from the mesial bone segment and the occlusal contact regions on the contralateral side of the mandible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Mochizuki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan.
| | - Eriko Marukawa
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Harada
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Naoya Kinoshita
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Ryo Nakatani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Yu Oikawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Hideaki Hirai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Tomioka
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yoda
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Shin Nakamura
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Tohru Kurabayashi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
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Bednarz-Tumidajewicz M, Sender-Janeczek A, Zborowski J, Gedrange T, Konopka T, Prylińska-Czyżewska A, Dembowska E, Bednarz W. In Vivo Evaluation of Periodontal Phenotypes Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography, Intraoral Scanning by Computer-Aided Design, and Prosthetic-Driven Implant Planning Technology. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e924469. [PMID: 33064673 PMCID: PMC7574361 DOI: 10.12659/msm.924469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Two clinical parameters, the gingival thickness (GT) and the width of keratinized tissue (WKT), describe the gingival phenotype, which is defined as the 3-dimensional volume of the gingiva. The periodontal phenotype additionally includes the thickness of the labial plate of the alveolar crest (TLPAC). MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty patients with healthy periodontium on the upper canines and incisors underwent measurements for crestal, supracrestal, free gingival thickness (FGT), the alveolar crest-gingival margin (AC-GM), alveolar crest-cementoenamel junction distance, and the TLPAC at 2, 4, and 8 mm apically from the edge of the alveolar crest using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) with computer-aided design and prosthetic-driven implant planning technology. For each tooth, the gingival and periodontal phenotype was evaluated on the basis of the gingival thickness, width of keratinized tissue (WKT), and TLPAC measurements. Each patient's periodontal phenotype was evaluated according to the coronal width/length ratio of both the upper central incisors. RESULTS The dentogingival units had varying average values for the 3 periodontal phenotypes (thin phenotype: FGT 0.65±0.06 mm, WKT 4.85±1.18 mm, AC-GM 3.17±0.64 mm, TLPAC2 0.66±0.28 mm; medium phenotype: FGT 0.87±0.07 mm, WKT 5.49±1.23 mm, AC-GM 3.36±0.65 mm, TLPAC2 0.76±0.37 mm; and thick phenotype: FGT 1.20 mm, WKT 6.00 mm, AC-GM 3.90 mm, TLPAC2 0.90 mm). Positive correlations were seen among WKT, FGT, AC-GM, and TLPAC2. CONCLUSIONS Positive correlations between the FGT and WKT, and the AC-GM distance confirm that measurements using CBCT with computer-aided design and prosthetic-driven implant planning technology can evaluate the gingival phenotype and TLPAC2 for the periodontal phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jacek Zborowski
- Department of Periodontology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tomasz Gedrange
- Department of Oral Surgery, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tomasz Konopka
- Department of Periodontology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Elżbieta Dembowska
- Department of Periodontology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Wojciech Bednarz
- Department of Periodontology, Specialist Outpatient Medical Clinic MEDIDENT, Gorlice, Poland
- Department of Periodontology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
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Hu X, Huang X, Gu Y. Assessment of buccal and lingual alveolar bone thickness and buccolingual inclination of maxillary posterior teeth in patients with severe skeletal Class III malocclusion with mandibular asymmetry. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2020; 157:503-515. [PMID: 32241357 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2019.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to evaluate the buccal and lingual alveolar bone thickness and buccolingual inclination of maxillary posterior teeth in patients with severe skeletal Class III malocclusion with and without mandibular asymmetry and compare with those in patients with skeletal Class I malocclusion. METHODS Cone-beam computed tomography images of 69 patients with severe skeletal Class III malocclusion and 30 patients with skeletal Class I malocclusion were collected and reconstructed with Dolphin 3D software. Based on the distance from menton to the sagittal plane (d), the patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion were divided into a symmetry group (d ≤ 2 mm) and an asymmetry group (d ≥ 4 mm). Buccal and lingual alveolar bone thickness and buccolingual inclination of maxillary posterior teeth were measured and compared. Correlations among dental measurements, severity of sagittal discrepancy, and mandibular deviation were analyzed. RESULTS Maxillary posterior teeth on the deviated side in Class III asymmetry group and symmetry group were buccally inclined compared with the Class I group (P < 0.001). A significant negative correlation was noted between buccolingual inclination of maxillary posterior teeth and ANB value with Spearman correlation coefficient of maxillary first molar, second premolar, and first premolar of -0.687, -0.485 and -0.506, respectively (P < 0.001). Maxillary first molar showed thinner buccal alveolar bone on deviated side in asymmetry group and symmetry group of Class III, compared with the Class I group, with average values of 1.21 mm, 1.19 mm, and 1.83 mm, respectively (P < 0.05). The maxillary first premolar also showed thinner buccal alveolar bone on deviated side in Class III asymmetry group compared with the Class I group, with average values of 0.87 mm and 1.28 mm, respectively (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Decompensation of buccally inclined posterior teeth in patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion should be more cautious owing to thinner buccal alveolar bone to avoid a high risk of fenestration and dehiscence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinnong Hu
- Department of Orthodontics, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyi Huang
- Department of Orthodontics, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Gu
- Department of Orthodontics, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
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Ramanauskaite A, Becker K, Kassira HC, Becker J, Sader R, Schwarz F. The dimensions of the facial alveolar bone at tooth sites with local pathologies: a retrospective cone-beam CT analysis. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 24:1551-1560. [PMID: 31414272 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-03057-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of various local pathologies on facial alveolar bone dimensions at tooth sites. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cone-beam computed tomography images of 60 patients were analyzed. Healthy teeth and teeth with local pathologies (i.e., endodontically treated, periodontally diseased teeth, and teeth with periapical lesions) were included. The thickness of the facial alveolar bone was measured at five locations: (1) the bone crest (W0), (2) 25% (W25), (3) 50% (W50), (4) 75% (W75) of the distance from the bone crest to the root apex (A), and (5) in the A region (W100). The results were considered statistically significant at p < 0.0008 (adjustment according to the statistical correction for multiple testing). RESULTS A total of 1174 teeth (707 healthy and 467 with the local pathologies) were assessed. Periodontally diseased maxillary premolars and anterior teeth in the mandible in the W0 position, as well as maxillary molars in the W25 position, tended to have a lower facial bone thickness when compared to the healthy teeth (0.68 mm vs. 0.84 mm, p = 0.008; 0.47 mm vs. 0.55 mm, p = 0.004; and 1.27 mm vs. 1.72 mm; p = 0.009, respectively). In contrast, the observed tendency pointed towards thicker facial bone wall for the periodontally diseased mandibular anterior teeth in the W50 position (0.74 vs. 0.52, p = 0.001). Healthy maxillary molars tended to display a thicker facial alveolar bone compared to the teeth with local pathologies in the W25, W50, and W75 positions (p = 0.001, p = 0.005, and p = 0.004, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The present analysis has indicated that local pathologies are commonly associated with a compromised socket morphology. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The facial bone thickness was particularly reduced at periodontally diseased teeth, which may challenge implant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ausra Ramanauskaite
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Carolinum Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7; Building 29, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Department of Oral Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - K Becker
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Carolinum Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7; Building 29, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Department of Orthodontics, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - J Becker
- Department of Oral Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - R Sader
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, Medical Center of the Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Haus 29, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - F Schwarz
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Carolinum Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7; Building 29, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Mumcu E, Dayan SÇ. Effect of Smoking and Locations of Dental Implants on Peri-Implant Parameters: 3-Year Follow-Up. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:6104-6109. [PMID: 31414668 PMCID: PMC6707095 DOI: 10.12659/msm.916613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Smoking may be a risk factor for marginal bone loss (MBL) and oral mucosal inflammation surrounding dental implants. This retrospective study evaluated the effects of smoking on dental implants in patients with fixed implant-supported prostheses over a period of 36 months following loading. Material/Methods We assessed 120 patients (68 women, 52 men, ages 19–74 years (mean age: 55.10 years) with 315 implants. Implants were classified according to location in the upper and lower jaws and anterior (placed between canines) or posterior (placed between pre-molars and molars) as follows: 1=maxilla anterior, 2=maxilla posterior, 3=mandible anterior, 4=mandible posterior. We also measured MBL, plaque index (PI), sulcus bleeding index (SBI), and probing depth (PD). P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results MBL was statistically greater in smokers (P<0.001) as compared to non-smokers in both jaws. MBL did not vary significantly by location in either group (smokers: p=0.415; non-smokers: p=0.175). Mean PI and PD scores were significantly higher in smokers as compared to non-smokers (P<0.001). A positive correlation was found between PI and PD scores in both groups. No statistically significant difference in SBI was observed between the 2 groups (P>0.05). Conclusions Smoking was associated with increases in marginal bone loss around implants, independent of their location in the jaws. Also, both plaque indices and probing depths were greater in smokers than in non-smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Mumcu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Duong M, Mealey BL, Walker C, Al‐Harthi S, Prihoda TJ, Huynh‐Ba G. Evaluation of healing at molar extraction sites with and without ridge preservation: A three‐arm histologic analysis. J Periodontol 2019; 91:74-82. [DOI: 10.1002/jper.19-0237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mylinh Duong
- Department of PeriodonticsUT Health San Antonio San Antonio TX
| | - Brian L. Mealey
- Department of PeriodonticsUT Health San Antonio San Antonio TX
| | | | | | | | - Guy Huynh‐Ba
- Department of PeriodonticsUT Health San Antonio San Antonio TX
- Private Practice Seattle WA
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Dos Santos JG, Oliveira Reis Durão AP, de Campos Felino AC, Casaleiro Lobo de Faria de Almeida RM. Analysis of the Buccal Bone Plate, Root Inclination and Alveolar Bone Dimensions in the Jawbone. A Descriptive Study Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography. EJOURNAL OF ORAL MAXILLOFACIAL RESEARCH 2019; 10:e4. [PMID: 31404187 PMCID: PMC6683387 DOI: 10.5037/jomr.2019.10204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objectives This study aims to determine if there are enough buccal alveolar bone thickness to perform an immediate dental implant placement in anterior and posterior maxillary teeth. Material and Methods A total of 1463 teeth were examined, from 202 cone-beam computed tomography scans with voxel sizes of 0.15 mm. On each tooth, the following measures were determined: the alveolar bone thickness in two locations; the vertical distance between the buccal alveolar crest and cementoenamel junction; the angle between the tooth's long axis and the alveolar bone axial inclination in the sagittal plane. Results In the most coronal location of maxillary teeth, the thickness of alveolar bone was lower than 0.6 (SD 0.6) mm in 50% of the teeth, and in the middle of the root the bone thickness was, on average, 0.96 (SD 0.6) mm. For the same maxillary teeth, the vertical distance between the buccal alveolar crest and cementoenamel junction and the angulation measured were, on average, 3.6 (SD 1.2) mm and 12.1º (SD 1.4º), respectively. Conclusions The present study revealed that in most cases the thickness of buccal alveolar bone was less than 1 mm. Consequently, in such cases, immediate dental implant placement operation is not recommended, or should be combined with bone regeneration techniques.
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Geometrical parameters of the mandible in 3D CBCT imaging. Biocybern Biomed Eng 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbe.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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López-Jarana P, Díaz-Castro CM, Falcão A, Falcão C, Ríos-Santos JV, Herrero-Climent M. Thickness of the buccal bone wall and root angulation in the maxilla and mandible: an approach to cone beam computed tomography. BMC Oral Health 2018; 18:194. [PMID: 30463614 PMCID: PMC6249849 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-018-0652-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Al-Aali KA, Alrabiah M, Al-Hamdan RS, Al-Hamoudi N, Aldahian N, Abduljabbar T. Impact of jaw location on clinical and radiological status of dental implants placed in cigarette-smokers and never-smokers: 5-year follow-up results. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2018; 20:983-987. [PMID: 30350404 DOI: 10.1111/cid.12679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this 60 months follow-up investigation was to investigate the impact of jaw location on clinical and radiological status of dental-implant therapy in cigarette-smokers and never-smokers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-nine self-reported cigarette-smokers and 27 nonsmokers were assessed. All implants were categorized into three regions with reference to their location in the maxilla or mandible: (a) Anterior zone: implants located in anterior teeth; (b) Middle zone: Implants located in the premolar region; and (c) posterior zone: implants located in the molar region. Peri-implant crestal bone loss (CBL), bleeding-on-probing (BOP) and probing-depth (PD) ≥ 4 mm and were assessed. Level of statistical significance was set at P < .05. RESULTS Mean age of cigarette-smokers (n = 29) and never-smokers (n = 27) was 44.5 years (39-51 years) and 43.6 years (35-49 years), respectively. The average duration of cigarette-smoking was 20.3 years (17-26 years). The mean periimplant PD (P < .05) and CBL (P < .05) were significantly higher in cigarette-smokers in contrast to never-smokers in all zones. No statistically significant differences in CBL, PD, and BOP were observed in the three zones of implant location among cigarette-smokers and never-smokers. CONCLUSION Smoking enhanced PD and CBL around dental implants and this relationship was independent of site of implant placement and jaw location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khulud Abdulrahman Al-Aali
- Department of Prosthodontics, College Of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alrabiah
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana S Al-Hamdan
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawwaf Al-Hamoudi
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada Aldahian
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq Abduljabbar
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Engineer Abdullah Bugshan Research Chair for Dental and Oral Rehabilitation, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Theye CEG, Hattingh A, Cracknell TJ, Oettlé AC, Steyn M, Vandeweghe S. Dento-alveolar measurements and histomorphometric parameters of maxillary and mandibular first molars, using micro-CT. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2018; 20:550-561. [PMID: 29732712 DOI: 10.1111/cid.12616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Micro-CT is a high-resolution, non-invasive, and non-destructive imaging technique, currently acknowledged as a gold standard modality for assessing quantitatively and objectively dental morphology and bone microarchitecture parameters. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to analyze critical dental and periodontal measurements characterizing the mandibular (MandFM) and maxillary (MaxFM) first molar architecture, as well as the corresponding bony socket, using micro-CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-eight human dried skulls (22-76 years) were scanned to enable the virtual analysis of 61 first molars. Depending on the type of measurement, the parameters were recorded on two-dimensional sections or directly on three-dimensional models. Tooth morphology was described by four aspects (e.g., tooth width, trunk length, root length, and root span), while the socket architecture was assessed by buccal plate thicknesses and bone density measurements. RESULTS Minimum, maximum, and mean distances as well as cortical and trabecular bone densities were recorded in MandFM and MaxFM. It is noteworthy that the buccal plate thickness was found to be less than 1 mm in more than 55% of cases in MaxFM, whereas only in 20.8% of cases in MandFM (and even 0% at two sites). A wide range of bone densities was observed and the comparison between MandFM and MaxFM did not show a significant difference. Furthermore, cortical densities were negatively correlated with aging, while trabecular densities were not influenced. CONCLUSIONS Using micro-CT, three-dimensional aspects of the human first molar morphology and microstructural parameters of the surrounding bone were evaluated in the mandible and in the maxilla. These comprehensive measurements and their correlation with aging may be of great importance for the use of immediate implant placement in molar extraction sockets and thus the potential long-term success of this treatment modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte E G Theye
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - André Hattingh
- Department of Periodontology, Oral Implantology, Removable and Implant Prosthetics, Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Anna C Oettlé
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa.,Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Medicine, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Maryna Steyn
- Human Variation and Identification Research Unit, School of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Stefan Vandeweghe
- Department of Periodontology, Oral Implantology, Removable and Implant Prosthetics, Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Lvovsky A, Bachrach S, Kim HC, Pawar A, Levinzon O, Ben Itzhak J, Solomonov M. Relationship between Root Apices and the Mandibular Canal: A Cone-beam Computed Tomographic Comparison of 3 Populations. J Endod 2018; 44:555-558. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Adiguzel O, Belgin CA, Falakaloglu S, Cangul S, Akkus Z. Maxillary Cortical Bone Thickness in a South-Eastern Anatolian Population: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:5812-5817. [PMID: 29216024 PMCID: PMC5729695 DOI: 10.12659/msm.906229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to measure the distance between the maxillary premolar and molar teeth apices to the buccal cortical bone and evaluate differences in gender and age group, using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective study comprised of 451 premolar and molar teeth of one hundred and thirteen patients who were admitted to Dicle University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology for different reasons. Data were analyzed using Student's t-tests and Tukey HSD tests. RESULTS There was significant difference in buccal bone thickness by gender (p<0.05). The thinnest point of the maxillary buccal bone was measured in women as 2.11 mm and in men as 2.02 mm in the first premolar teeth. The thickest point of maxillary buccal bone was measured in women as 9.87 mm and in men 10.71 mm palatinal root of the first molar. A comparison of buccal bone thickness between age showed a statistically significant difference at the distobuccal and palatinal roots of the first molar, at the mesiobuccal root of the second molar (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The measurements of maxillar buccal bone thickness using CBCT for various dental procedures especially in endodontic surgery, orthodontic mini implant treatment, dental implant procedures, and healing after tooth extraction that are important knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozkan Adiguzel
- Department of Endodontics, Dicle University, Faculty of Dentistry, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Ceren Aktuna Belgin
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Dicle University, Faculty of Dentistry, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Seda Falakaloglu
- Department of Endodontics, Dicle University, Faculty of Dentistry, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Suzan Cangul
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dicle University, Faculty of Dentistry, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Zeki Akkus
- Department of Biostatistics, Dicle University, Faculty of Medicine, Diyarbakir, Turkey
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Abduljabbar T, Javed F, Malignaggi VR, Vohra F, Kellesarian SV. Influence of implant location in patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus: 2-year follow-up. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017; 46:1188-1192. [PMID: 28499506 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2017.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present cross-sectional retrospective 2-year follow-up clinical study was to assess the influence of implant location on clinical and radiographic parameters around dental implants placed in patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Twenty-seven patients with T2DM and 25 non-diabetic controls were included. Implants were classified into three zones according to their location: (1) anterior zone: implant/s replacing anterior teeth, (2) middle zone: implant/s replacing premolars, and (3) posterior zone: implant/s replacing molars. Peri-implant bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), and crestal bone loss (CBL) were measured. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The mean age of patients with T2DM was 42.5 years and that of non-diabetic controls was 40.6 years. The mean fasting blood glucose levels of patients with and without T2DM were 74.5mg/dl (66-80mg/dl) and 82.5mg/dl (79-88.1mg/dl), respectively. The mean duration of T2DM was 4.3 years. There was no significant difference in BOP, PD, or CBL around implants placed in any of the zones in the jaws of patients with and without T2DM. There is no influence of implant location on clinical and radiographic parameters around dental implants placed in patients with and without T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Abduljabbar
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - F Javed
- Department of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, New York, USA
| | - V R Malignaggi
- Department of General Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Santa Maria, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - F Vohra
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - S V Kellesarian
- Department of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, New York, USA.
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Grimoud AM, Gibbon V, Ribot I. Predictive factors for alveolar fenestration and dehiscence. HOMO-JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE HUMAN BIOLOGY 2017; 68:167-175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchb.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Walker CJ, Prihoda TJ, Mealey BL, Lasho DJ, Noujeim M, Huynh-Ba G. Evaluation of Healing at Molar Extraction Sites With and Without Ridge Preservation: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. J Periodontol 2016; 88:241-249. [PMID: 27788625 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2016.160445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, limited evidence is available specifically evaluating ridge preservation (RP) and implant placement in molar sites. The primary aim of this study is to radiographically compare alveolar ridge changes with and without RP with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). METHODS This parallel, two-arm randomized clinical trial included 40 patients evenly distributed between two treatment groups. After molar extraction, sites were allowed to heal naturally or received RP with freeze-dried bone allograft covered by a non-resorbable dense polytetrafluoroethylene membrane. CBCT scans were taken immediately and 3 months postextraction, and then a dental implant was placed. Width and height measurements were made radiographically. RESULTS Significantly greater loss in alveolar ridge height was found in molar sites allowed to heal without RP on the buccal aspect of the socket (RP: -1.12 ± 1.60 mm versus no RP: -2.60 ± 2.06 mm, P = 0.01). No significant difference in ridge width loss was found between groups. Two-thirds ridge width reduction was experienced on the buccal aspect in sites without RP, but width loss was evenly distributed between buccal and lingual aspects when RP was performed. Bone grafting at time of placement was required in 25% of implants in the group without RP versus 10% of implants in the RP group. CONCLUSIONS In molar extraction sites without RP, significantly more reduction in ridge height occurred, and the majority of ridge width loss was localized to the buccal aspect. When RP was performed, ridge width loss was not significantly decreased, but the loss was evenly distributed between facial and lingual aspects of the extraction site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Walker
- Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Thomas J Prihoda
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio
| | - Brian L Mealey
- Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - David J Lasho
- Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Marcel Noujeim
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio
| | - Guy Huynh-Ba
- Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
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Moradi Askari E, Parirokh M, Nakhaee N, Hosseini HR, Abbott PV. The Effect of Maxillary First Molar Root Length on the Success Rate of Buccal Infiltration Anesthesia. J Endod 2016; 42:1462-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Al Amri MD, Abduljabbar TS, Al-Johany SS, Al Rifaiy MQ, Alfarraj Aldosari AM, Al-Kheraif AA. Comparison of clinical and radiographic parameters around short (6 to 8 mm in length) and long (11 mm in length) dental implants placed in patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus: 3-year follow-up results. Clin Oral Implants Res 2016; 28:1182-1187. [DOI: 10.1111/clr.12938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad D. Al Amri
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences; College of Dentistry; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq S. Abduljabbar
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences; College of Dentistry; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulieman S. Al-Johany
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences; College of Dentistry; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Q. Al Rifaiy
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences; College of Dentistry; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abdulaziz A. Al-Kheraif
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair; Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
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