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Al-Kheraif AA, Javed R, Al-Momani MM, Wasi A, Khan AA. Effectiveness of photodynamic therapy adjunct to oral debridement in improving clinical, microbiological, and pain in necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis. J Biophotonics 2023; 16:e202300197. [PMID: 37369626 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202300197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) as adjunctive to oral debridement (OD) in the improvement of clinical, microbiological, and pain in patients with necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG). Patients with NUG were split into two groups: Group-OD + PDT received PDT with OD, while Group-OD underwent OD alone. Clinical inflammatory parameters including full mouth plaque scores (FMPS), full mouth bleeding scores (FMBS), and probing depth (PD) were assessed. Fusobacterium nucleatum and Prevotella intermedia were analyzed using the polymerase chain reaction technique. Pain examination was done using various pain scales. Group PDT + OD showed more reduction in FMPS, FMBS, and greater reduction in F. nucleatum and P. intermedia count compared to group OD at 12 weeks follow up (p < 0.01). Group PDT + OD showed significantly lower pain scores at 12 weeks (p < 0.05). PDT was more effective in improving clinical parameters, and reducing bacterial counts and pain in NUG patients than dental scaling alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz A Al-Kheraif
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ravish Javed
- Biomedical Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Mahmoud Al-Momani
- Community Health Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aisha Wasi
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aftab Ahmed Khan
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Kheraif AA, Javed R, Al-Momani MM, Wasi A, Mohamed BA, Khan AA. Effectiveness of photodynamic therapy on clinical and biomarker related periodontal parameters and oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) in Parkinson's disease patients with stage III periodontitis. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 43:103690. [PMID: 37422202 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the clinical, radiographic, immune modulatory biomarkers and quality of life with the application of photodynamic therapy (PDT) as an adjunctive treatment to dental scaling and root planing (SRP) in patients with chronic periodontitis and Parkinson's disease. METHODOLOGY Individuals who had a confirmed diagnosis of stage III periodontitis and stage 4 Parkinson's disease according to Hoehn and Yahr scale were involved in this study. The participants were divided into two groups: Group SRP (n = 25) received traditional dental scaling procedure including full-mouth debridement and disinfection, and Group PDT + SRP (n = 25) received both traditional cleaning procedures along with adjunctive chloro‑aluminum phthalocyanine (CAPC) gel (0.005% concentration) mediated PDT. CAPC photosensitizer was activated using a diode laser (wavelength=640 nm, energy=4 J, 150 mW power, and overall power density of 300 J/cm2) for 60 s. The study measured clinical parameters such as plaque score (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), and radiographic alveolar bone loss (ABL). Proinflammatory cytokine levels such as interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and oral health related quality of life were also assessed. RESULTS The mean age of patients in Group SRP was 73.3 years, while the mean age in Group PDT + SRP was 71.6 years. The PDT + SRP group showed a significant reduction in all clinical parameters at 6 and 12 months compared to the SRP group alone (p < 0.05). IL-6 and TNF-α levels were significantly reduced in the PDT + SRP group at 6 months compared to the SRP group alone (p < 0.05). However, at 12 months, both groups showed comparable TNF-α levels. The results showed that Group PDT + SRP had significantly lower OHIP scores compared to Group SRP, with a mean difference of 4.55 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.98 to 7.12) (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Combined SRP with PDT showed significant improvement compared to SRP alone in terms of clinical parameters, cytokine levels, and oral health-related quality of life in individuals diagnosed with stage III periodontitis associated with Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz A Al-Kheraif
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ravish Javed
- Biomedical Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Mahmoud Al-Momani
- Community Health Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aisha Wasi
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Badreldin A Mohamed
- Community Health Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aftab Ahmed Khan
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Kheraif AA, Alshahrani OA, Al-Shehri AM, Khan AA. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy using chloro-aluminum phthalocyanine for treating advanced stage-III periodontitis in smoking patients. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed 2022; 38:591-599. [PMID: 35811336 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the bacterial, clinical, and cytokine profile of adjunctive photodynamic therapy using chloro-aluminum phthalocyanine (CAP/aPDT) with root surface debridement (RSD) versus RSD alone in cigarette smokers (CS) and never-smokers (NS) during the period of 6 months. METHODS Twenty-nine patients [CS - 14 and NS - 15] were recruited for the trial having stage-III periodontitis. All candidates from the study groups were subjected to a split-mouth treatment technique receiving CAP/aPDT + RSD and RSD alone. Periodontal parameters including plaque levels (PL), bleeding on probing (BP), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), and marginal bone loss (MBL) were assessed. Polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay was used to analyze the copy numbers of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) and Tannerella forsythia (Tf). Levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) interleukin (IL)-6 in the crevicular fluid were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS CAP/aPDT+RSD decreased BP in smokers after 6 months (p < .05). Probing depth and CAL reported statistically significant reductions within both CAP/aPDT+RSD and RSD groups and also within the NS and CS (p < .05). Pg and Tf stayed elevated in smokers at the 6-month evaluation period (p < .01). Only CAP/aPDT+RSD significantly decreased Pg and Tf at 3- and 6-month follow-up in smokers (p < .05). CAP/aPDT+RSD showed decreased IL-6 levels in the NS during the 6-month follow-up (p < .01). TNF-α levels were significantly reduced in the CS group with CAP/aPDT+RSD and RSD alone until 6 months (p < .01). CONCLUSION CAP-mediated aPDT along with nonsurgical periodontal therapy helped to improve the bacteriological outcomes among smokers and never-smokers with stage-III CP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz A Al-Kheraif
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Obaid Abdullah Alshahrani
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Al-Shehri
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aftab Ahmed Khan
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Kheraif AA, Alshahrani OA, Al-Shehri AM, Khan AA. Chloro-aluminum phthalocyanine-mediated photodynamic therapy in the treatment of stage-II chronic periodontitis among smokers. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed 2022; 38:582-590. [PMID: 35678189 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the clinical periodontal, bacterial, and immunological outcomes of chloro-aluminum phthalocyanine-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) as an adjunct to dental scaling (DS) versus DS alone among cigarette smokers (CS) and never-smokers (NS). METHODS A total of 26 patients (13 CS and 13 NS) with clinical and radiographic diagnosis of stage-II chronic periodontitis were recruited. Each patient from both groups were subjected with two parallel therapies (split-mouth): PDT + DS (test side) and DS alone (control side). Periodontal parameters were investigated by evaluating plaque scores (PS), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), and alveolar bone loss (ABL). Subgingival plaque was collected to detect and quantify Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assay. Gingival crevicular fluid was sampled for the quantification of interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. All assessments were performed at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. RESULTS Bleeding on probing was significantly reduced at 6 months after PDT + DS in CS groups (p < .05). Mean PD and CAL significantly reduced after both PDT + DS and DS subgroups and among NS and CS groups (p < .05). At 6 months follow-up, the copy number of both P. gingivalis and T. forsythia remained significantly high in CS group (p < .01). Only PDT + DS subgroup in CS significantly reduced the counts of P. gingivalis and T. forsythia at 3 months and 6 months (p < .05). Only at 6 months did PDT + DS showed statistically significantly reduced IL-1β levels in the NS group (p < .01). TNF-α levels significantly reduced in CS group with PDT + DS and DS alone at both 3 months and 6 months follow-up (p < .01). CONCLUSION Chloro-aluminum phthalocyanine-mediated PDT helped to improve the non-surgical periodontal therapy outcomes among stage-II chronic periodontitis patients among smokers and never-smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz A Al-Kheraif
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Obaid Abdullah Alshahrani
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Al-Shehri
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aftab Ahmed Khan
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Alam P, Arshad M, Al-Kheraif AA, Azzam MA, Al Balawi T. Silicon Nanoparticle-Induced Regulation of Carbohydrate Metabolism, Photosynthesis, and ROS Homeostasis in Solanum lycopersicum Subjected to Salinity Stress. ACS Omega 2022; 7:31834-31844. [PMID: 36120047 PMCID: PMC9475630 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural crops are facing major restraints with the rapid augmentation of global warming, salt being a major factor affecting productivity. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plant has immense nutritional significance; however, it can be negatively influenced by salinity stress. Nanoparticles (NPs) have excellent properties, due to which these particles are used in agriculture to enhance various growth parameters even in the presence of abiotic stresses. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of silicon NPs (Si-NPs) through root dipping and foliar spray on tomato in the presence/absence of salt stress. Plant root and leaf were used for the measurements of morphological, physiological, and biochemical parameters treated with Si-NPs under salt stress. At 45 days after sowing, the activity of antioxidant enzymes, photosynthesis, mineral concentration, chlorophyll index, and growth attributes of tomato plants were measured. The developmental processes of tomato plants were severely slowed down by salt stress upto 35.8% (shoot dry mass), 44.3% (root dry mass), 51% (shoot length), and 62% (root length), but this reduction was mitigated by the treatment of Si-NPs. Application of Si-NPs significantly increased the growth attributes (height and dry weight), mineral content [magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn)], photosynthesis [net photosynthetic rate (P N), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration rate (E), internal CO2 concentration (Ci)], and activity of antioxidative enzymes including superoxide dismutase and catalase in salt stress. Foliar application of Si-NPs in tomato plants appears to be more effective over root dipping and alleviates the salt stress by increasing the plant's antioxidant enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravej Alam
- Department
of Biology, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Arshad
- Dental
Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of
Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz A. Al-Kheraif
- Dental
Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of
Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maged A. Azzam
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thamer Al Balawi
- Department
of Biology, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
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Divakar DD, Nimbeni SB, Al-Kheraif AA, Khan AA, Naik S, Khanagar SB, Jhugroo C, Nimbeni B. Knowledge and attitude of dental professionals toward COVID-19 in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional survey. ASIAN BIOMED 2021; 15:277-284. [PMID: 37551362 PMCID: PMC10321220 DOI: 10.2478/abm-2021-0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a life-threatening global pandemic. The dental profession is considered a high-risk group in the transmission of the responsible virus. Objective To assess the knowledge and attitude among dental professionals in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of dental graduates, interns, postgraduates, and dental faculty from May to July 2020. A standardized questionnaire was developed to assess knowledge and attitude of 650 participants. The questionnaire comprised 14 questions to assess general knowledge about COVID-19, 11 questions regarding knowledge about prevention of COVID-19 in dental practice, and 10 questions regarding the attitude toward preventing COVID-19. Results Among the study population, only 376 (57.8%) knew the causative virus for COVID-19. Only 425 (65.3%) knew about rinsing the mouth with an antimicrobial solution or 1% hydrogen peroxide before the dental procedure. Regarding the hand hygiene guidelines, 357 (54.9%) had knowledge of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and 377 (58.0%) about World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. At the time of our survey, 72% of the participants showed sufficient knowledge, while 28% had low or insufficient knowledge about COVID-19. Conclusion While there was a lack of knowledge among dental professionals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia about COVID-19, there was an excellent positive attitude toward preventing disease. Greater awareness is needed to control the spread of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darshan Devang Divakar
- Department of Dental Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shruti Basavaraj Nimbeni
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Division of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dental Sciences, Mustaqbal University, Buraydah, Al-Qassim Province51431, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz A. Al-Kheraif
- Department of Dental Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aftab Ahmed Khan
- Department of Dental Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sachin Naik
- Department of Dental Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanjeev Balappa Khanagar
- Dental Public Health, College of Dentistry, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chitra Jhugroo
- Department of Dental Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basavaraj Nimbeni
- Agmal Ebtsama Dental and Derma Clinics Center, Buraydah, Al-Qassim Province51431, Saudi Arabia
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Mandal DP, Mohanty N, Behera PK, Gopinath D, Panda S, Al-Kheraif AA, Divakar DD, Anil S, Panda S. A Plausible Proposition of CCL20-Related Mechanism in Fusobacterium nucleatum-Associated Oral Carcinogenesis. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11111218. [PMID: 34833094 PMCID: PMC8621507 DOI: 10.3390/life11111218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this prospective observational case–control study is to evaluate the prevalence of Fusobacterium nucleatum in the tissues of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Reconnoitering the CCL20-related mechanism of carcinogenesis in Fusobacterium nucleatum-positive OSCC is another objective. Methodology: Tissues from 50 OSCC patients and 30 healthy oral tissues were collected. The prevalence of Fusobacterium nucleatum was evaluated in both tumour and healthy tissue by polymerase chain reaction. The immunohistochemistry of OSCC tissues was conducted to evaluate the difference in the expression of CCL20 between Fusobacterium nucleatum-positive and -negative OSCC tissues. Results: Fusobacterium nucleatum was significantly (p < 0.001) prevalent in OSCC tissues (74%), compared to healthy tissues (26%). No association of Fusobacterium nucleatum or CCL20 immuno-expression with any clinical or histopathological features of OSCC was observed. While the intensity of CCL20 immuno-expression did not differ (p = 0.053), the CCL20-positive cell population was significantly different (p = 0.034) between Fusobacterium nucleatum-positive and -negative OSCC. Conclusion: Fusobacterium nucleatum is possibly prevalent in oral cancer tissues in the Indian population. By using immunohistochemistry, this is the first study to propose that the carcinogenesis in Fusobacterium nucleatum-positive OSCC may be CCL20-related. The findings enrich the knowledge of mechanisms involved in Fusobacterium nucleatum-mediated oral carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devi Prasad Mandal
- Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ’O’ Anusandhan Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar 751030, Odisha, India;
| | - Neeta Mohanty
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ’O’ Anusandhan Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar 751030, Odisha, India;
| | - Paresh Kumar Behera
- Head and Neck Oncology, Acharya Harihar Regional Cancer Centre, Cuttack 753007, Odisha, India;
| | - Divya Gopinath
- Clinical Oral Health Sciences Division, School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia;
| | - Sasmita Panda
- Department of Pathology, Acharya Harihar Regional Cancer Centre, Cuttack 753007, Odisha, India;
| | - Abdulaziz A. Al-Kheraif
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.-K.); (D.D.D.)
| | - Darshan Devang Divakar
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.-K.); (D.D.D.)
| | - Sukumaran Anil
- Department of Dentistry, Oral Health Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha P.O. Box 3050, Qatar;
- College of Dental Medicine, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Swagatika Panda
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ’O’ Anusandhan Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar 751030, Odisha, India;
- Correspondence:
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Ishtikhar M, Siddiqui Z, Ahmad A, Ashraf JM, Arshad M, Doctor N, Al-Kheraif AA, Zamzami MA, Al-Thawadi SM, Kim J, Khan RH. Phytochemical thymoquinone prevents hemoglobin glycoxidation and protofibrils formation: A biophysical aspect. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 190:508-519. [PMID: 34481855 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
d-ribose, a reducing sugar, in diabetic hyperglycemia provokes non-enzymatic glycoxidation of hemoglobin (Hb), an abundant protein of red blood cells (RBCs). Different types of intermediates adduct formation occur during glycoxidation, such as advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) which lead to amyloid formation due to structural and conformational alterations in protein. Therefore, the study of these intermediate adducts plays a pivotal role to discern their relationship with diabetes mellitus and related disorders. Here, we investigated the interaction mechanism of d-ribose with Hb, and Hb prebound phytochemical thymoquinone (TQ). Our investigation reveals that the interaction of TQ with histidine residues of Hb interferes with the interaction of d-ribose with glycine residues at the glycation-site. Based on that, we had performed a time-based (21-days) in-vitro glycoxidation study at 37 °C to investigate the structural perturbation mechanism of Hb at different time-intervals in absence/presence of TQ. We found that prolonged glycoxidation induces amyloid formation in absence of TQ but in its presence, the process was prohibited. In summary, this study examined and characterized biophysically different intermediate-states of protein carrying glycoxidation-modification. Our findings suggested that TQ potentially affects interaction of d-ribose with Hb that prevents glycoxidation and protofibril formation, which establishes TQ as a potential therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Ishtikhar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India.
| | - Zeba Siddiqui
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India
| | - Abrar Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jalaluddin Mohammad Ashraf
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Arshad
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P. O. Box: 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ninad Doctor
- Department of Chemistry, East Carolina University, NC 27834-4354, USA
| | - Abdulaziz A Al-Kheraif
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P. O. Box: 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazin A Zamzami
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Jihoe Kim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Reasech Institute of Cell Culture, YeungNam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
| | - Rizwan Hassan Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
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Al-Kheraif AA, Mohamed BA, Khan AA, Al-Shehri AM. Role of Riboflavin; Curcumin photosensitizers and Ozone when used as canal disinfectant on Push-out bond strength of glass fibre post to radicular dentin. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 37:102592. [PMID: 34673270 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess the efficacy of photosensitizers (CP, riboflavin) and gaseous ozone in comparison to the conventional radicular dentin disinfectant (NaOCl) on push-out bond strength (PBS) of PFRC post cemented to radicular dentin MATERIAL AND METHOD: Human single-rooted teeth were collected, steriled implanted in polyvinyl pipes up to a cement-o-enamel junction and de coronated. Cleaning and shaping of the canal were performed using the crown down technique followed by obturation of the canal space. Canal space was prepared using peso reamers and samples were divided into four groups based on types of canal disinfectant protocols. Group 1: Riboflavin+ 17%EDTA; group 2: Curcumin Photosensitizer + 17% EDTA; group 3: Gaseous Ozone disinfection (O3) +17% EDTA and group 4 control 2.5% NaOCl +17% EDTA. Within the canal space, fiber post was cemented and cured, and thermocycled. PBS was evaluated using a Universal testing machine (UTM) and failure modes using a stereomicroscope at 40x magnification. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the mean and standard deviation of push-out bond strength (PBS). The Tukey multiple comparison tests (p = 0.05) was used to compare the means of PBS RESULTS: The highest PBS was displayed in group 2 CP+ 17% EDTA at all three root levels, coronal (8.81±0.61), middle (7.77±0.55), and apical (5.25±0.61). The lowest PBS was revealed in group 4, disinfected with 2.5% NaOCl +17% EDTA (control) at coronal (6.12±0.54), middle (5.46±0.84), and apical (3.00±1.88) levels. The most prevailed fracture mode was an adhesive failure (cement-dentin interface). CONCLUSION Radicular dentin disinfected with PDT using CP, riboflavin, and O3 displayed similar PBS at all root segments. NaOCl is a convenient, traditional, and commonly used disinfectant, and it's effects on PBS is still controversial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz A Al-Kheraif
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P. O. Box: 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Badreldin A Mohamed
- Community Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aftab Ahmed Khan
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P. O. Box: 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Al-Shehri
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P. O. Box: 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
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Nguyen TCV, Rajeswari VD, Al-Kheraif AA, Brindhadevi K. Study of antimicrobial properties of Piper betel coated nanozirconium on cotton gauze. Appl Nanosci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-021-01987-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Shanmugam S, Karthik K, Veerabagu U, Hari A, Swaminathan K, Al-Kheraif AA, Whangchai K. Bi-model cationic dye adsorption by native and surface-modified Trichoderma asperellum BPL MBT1 biomass: From fermentation waste to value-added biosorbent. Chemosphere 2021; 277:130311. [PMID: 33774249 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to assess the possible reusability of native and surface-modified waste biomass of a novel ascomycetes fungi Trichoderma asperellum BPL MBT1 for the adsorption of triphenylmethane dyes. Spent biomass obtained from fermentation medium has been applied in the uptake of model cationic dyes viz., crystal violet and malachite green. Optimization of experimental parameters by batch mode studies revealed that dye adsorption is influenced by medium pH time, initial concentration of dyes, and adsorbent dosage. It was observed that pH 10 was optimum for cationic dye adsorption. Further, the adsorption process obeyed the bi-model (Langmuir-Freundlich model) isotherm and adhered to pseudo-second-order kinetics. The involvement of ion exchange as the dominant mechanism of dye adsorption was indicated by the mean free energy obtained from Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm. Cellular morphology and the involved functional groups were studied by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy that revealed the presence of carbon and oxygen containing groups on the surface. Maximum desorption efficiency was achieved using a 0.1 M solution of HCl and the stability of the biosorbent was confirmed through reusability analysis. Our results confirm the applicability of both native and surface-modified T. asperellum BPL MBT1 biomass as a potential biosorbent for the sustainable wastewater treatment and safe dye disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabarathinam Shanmugam
- Bioprocess Laboratory, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India.
| | - Kumaravel Karthik
- Division of Environment, United Carbon Solutions Pvt Ltd, Tiruppur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Anjana Hari
- Bioprocess Laboratory, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Krishnaswamy Swaminathan
- Bioprocess Laboratory, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Abdulaziz A Al-Kheraif
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P. O. Box: 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kanda Whangchai
- Research Center in Bioresources for Agriculture, Industry and Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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12
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Behera R, Mishra L, Divakar DD, Al-Kheraif AA, Singh NR, Lukomska-Szymanska M. The One-Year In Vivo Comparison of Lithium Disilicate and Zirconium Dioxide Inlays. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14113102. [PMID: 34198824 PMCID: PMC8200959 DOI: 10.3390/ma14113102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the one-year clinical performance of lithium disilicate (LD) and zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) class II inlay restorations. Thirty healthy individuals who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled for the study. The patients were randomly divided into two study groups (n = 15): LD (IPS e.max press) and ZrO2 (Dentcare Zirconia). In the ZrO2 group, the internal surfaces of the inlays were sandblasted and silanized with Monobond N (Ivoclar, Leichsteistein, Germany). In the LD group, the internal surfaces of the inlays were etched with 5% hydrofluoric acid. The ceramic inlays were cemented with self-cure resin cement (Multilink N). Clinical examinations were performed using modified United State Public Health Codes and Criteria (USPHS) after 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 months and 1 year. The one-year survival rate was evaluated. In total, one failure was observed in the ZrO2 group. The survival probability after 1 year for the ZrO2 inlays was 93%, and for the LD inlays was 100%, which was statistically insignificant. The differences between both groups for most USPHS criteria (except for colour match) were statistically insignificant. Within the imitations of the present study, the lithium disilicate- and zirconia dioxide-based inlays exhibited comparable clinical performances. However, the colour and translucency match was superior for the lithium disilicate restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rini Behera
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ’O’ Anusandhan, Bhubaneswar P.O. Box 751003, India; (R.B.); (L.M.); (N.R.S.)
| | - Lora Mishra
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ’O’ Anusandhan, Bhubaneswar P.O. Box 751003, India; (R.B.); (L.M.); (N.R.S.)
| | - Darshan Devang Divakar
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Department of Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh P.O. Box 10219, Saudi Arabia; (D.D.D.); (A.A.A.-K.)
| | - Abdulaziz A. Al-Kheraif
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Department of Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh P.O. Box 10219, Saudi Arabia; (D.D.D.); (A.A.A.-K.)
| | - Naomi Ranjan Singh
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ’O’ Anusandhan, Bhubaneswar P.O. Box 751003, India; (R.B.); (L.M.); (N.R.S.)
| | - Monika Lukomska-Szymanska
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence:
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Whangchai K, Shanmugam S, Van Le Q, Chau TP, Al-Kheraif AA, Brindhadevi K, Duc PA. Study of antimicrobial activity of Thespesia populnea-coated nanozirconium on cotton gauze fabrics. Appl Nanosci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-021-01867-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Uppar V, Chandrashekharappa S, Shivamallu C, P S, Kollur SP, Ortega-Castro J, Frau J, Flores-Holguín N, Basarikatti AI, Chougala M, Mohan M M, Banuprakash G, Jayadev, Venugopala KN, Nandeshwarappa BP, Veerapur R, Al-Kheraif AA, Elgorban AM, Syed A, Mudnakudu-Nagaraju KK, Padmashali B, Glossman-Mitnik D. Investigation of Antifungal Properties of Synthetic Dimethyl-4-Bromo-1-(Substituted Benzoyl) Pyrrolo[1,2-a] Quinoline-2,3-Dicarboxylates Analogues: Molecular Docking Studies and Conceptual DFT-Based Chemical Reactivity Descriptors and Pharmacokinetics Evaluation. Molecules 2021; 26:2722. [PMID: 34066433 PMCID: PMC8124935 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans, an opportunistic fungal pathogen, frequently colonizes immune-compromised patients and causes mild to severe systemic reactions. Only few antifungal drugs are currently in use for therapeutic treatment. However, evolution of a drug-resistant C. albicans fungal pathogen is of major concern in the treatment of patients, hence the clinical need for novel drug design and development. In this study, in vitro screening of novel putative pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoline derivatives as the lead drug targets and in silico prediction of the binding potential of these lead molecules against C. albicans pathogenic proteins, such as secreted aspartic protease 3 (SAP3; 2H6T), surface protein β-glucanase (3N9K) and sterol 14-alpha demethylase (5TZ1), were carried out by molecular docking analyses. Further, biological activity-based QSAR and theoretical pharmacokinetic analysis were analyzed. Here, in vitro screening of novel analogue derivatives as drug targets against C. albicans showed inhibitory potential in the concentration of 0.4 µg for BQ-06, 07 and 08, 0.8 µg for BQ-01, 03, and 05, 1.6 µg for BQ-04 and 12.5 µg for BQ-02 in comparison to the standard antifungal drug fluconazole in the concentration of 30 µg. Further, in silico analysis of BQ-01, 03, 05 and 07 analogues docked on chimeric 2H6T, 3N9K and 5TZ1 revealed that these analogues show potential binding affinity, which is different from the therapeutic antifungal drug fluconazole. In addition, these molecules possess good drug-like properties based on the determination of conceptual Density Functional Theory (DFT)-based descriptors, QSAR and pharmacokinetics. Thus, the study offers significant insight into employing pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoline analogues as novel antifungal agents against C. albicans that warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayakumar Uppar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Science, Rani Channamma University, Belagavi 591156, Karnataka, India; (V.U.); (A.I.B.)
| | - Sandeep Chandrashekharappa
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, NCBS, TIFR, GKVK-Campus Bellary road, Bengaluru 560065, Karnataka, India;
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Raebareli, Lucknow (UP) 226002, India;
| | - Chandan Shivamallu
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, Faculty of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India; (C.S.); (M.M.M.)
| | - Sushma P
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Raebareli, Lucknow (UP) 226002, India;
| | - Shiva Prasad Kollur
- Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Arts and Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Mysuru 570026, Karnataka, India;
| | - Joaquín Ortega-Castro
- Departament de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, E-07122 Palma de Malllorca, Spain; (J.O.-C.); (J.F.)
| | - Juan Frau
- Departament de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, E-07122 Palma de Malllorca, Spain; (J.O.-C.); (J.F.)
| | - Norma Flores-Holguín
- Laboratorio Virtual NANOCOSMOS, Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Energía, Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, Chihuahua, Chih 31136, Mexico; (N.F.-H.); (D.G.-M.)
| | - Atiyaparveen I. Basarikatti
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Science, Rani Channamma University, Belagavi 591156, Karnataka, India; (V.U.); (A.I.B.)
| | - Mallikarjun Chougala
- Department of Biotechnology, JSS College of Arts, Commerce and Science (Autonomous), Mysore 570025, Karnataka, India;
| | - Mrudula Mohan M
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, Faculty of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India; (C.S.); (M.M.M.)
| | - Govindappa Banuprakash
- Department of Chemistry, SJB Institute of Technology, Bengaluru 560060, Kengeri, India; (G.B.); (J.)
| | - Jayadev
- Department of Chemistry, SJB Institute of Technology, Bengaluru 560060, Kengeri, India; (G.B.); (J.)
| | - Katharigatta N. Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Belakatte P. Nandeshwarappa
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, Shivagangothri, Davangere University, Davangere 577007, Karnataka, India;
| | - Ravindra Veerapur
- Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Malawi Institute of Technology, Malawi University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box-5916 Limbe, Malawi;
| | - Abdulaziz A. Al-Kheraif
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdallah M. Elgorban
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.E.); (A.S.)
| | - Asad Syed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.E.); (A.S.)
| | - Kiran K. Mudnakudu-Nagaraju
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, Faculty of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India; (C.S.); (M.M.M.)
| | - Basavaraj Padmashali
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Science, Rani Channamma University, Belagavi 591156, Karnataka, India; (V.U.); (A.I.B.)
| | - Daniel Glossman-Mitnik
- Laboratorio Virtual NANOCOSMOS, Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Energía, Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, Chihuahua, Chih 31136, Mexico; (N.F.-H.); (D.G.-M.)
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15
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Khanagar SB, Al-Ehaideb A, Jamleh A, Ababneh K, Maganur PC, Vishwanathaiah S, Awawdeh MA, Naik S, Al-Kheraif AA, Bhandi S, Zanza A, Testarelli L, Patil S. Psychological Distress among Undergraduate Dental Students in Saudi Arabia and Its Coping Strategies-A Systematic Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:429. [PMID: 33917191 PMCID: PMC8068084 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9040429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this paper was to evaluate the studies that have reported on psychological issues among dental students in Saudi Arabia and to develop coping strategies to overcome these mental health-related issues. The present systematic review is in accordance with the guidelines for Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The search for the articles was carried out in the electronic databases by four independent researchers. The data search was performed in the electronic search engines like PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, Medline, Embase, Cochrane and Saudi Digital Library for scientific research articles published from January 2000 until December 2020. STROBE guidelines were adopted for qualitative analysis of six articles which met the eligibility criteria. The analysis of the literature revealed that most of the studies included were conducted in the past 8 years in different regions of Saudi Arabia. Findings of this systematic review clearly state that dental students in Saudi Arabia experience higher levels of depression, stress and anxiety and stress during their education period, with a higher stress for female students compared to male students. There is an urgent need to introduce interventional programs and preventive strategies to overcome the long-term effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev B. Khanagar
- Preventive Dental Science Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz, University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; (S.B.K.); (A.A.-E.); (K.A.); (M.A.A.)
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ali Al-Ehaideb
- Preventive Dental Science Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz, University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; (S.B.K.); (A.A.-E.); (K.A.); (M.A.A.)
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia;
- Dental Services, King Abdulaziz Medical City-Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Jamleh
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia;
- Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khansa Ababneh
- Preventive Dental Science Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz, University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; (S.B.K.); (A.A.-E.); (K.A.); (M.A.A.)
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Prabhadevi C. Maganur
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Division of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 44512, Saudi Arabia; (P.C.M.); (S.V.)
| | - Satish Vishwanathaiah
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Division of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 44512, Saudi Arabia; (P.C.M.); (S.V.)
| | - Mohammed Adel Awawdeh
- Preventive Dental Science Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz, University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; (S.B.K.); (A.A.-E.); (K.A.); (M.A.A.)
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sachin Naik
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia; (S.N.); (A.A.A.-K.)
| | - Abdulaziz A. Al-Kheraif
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia; (S.N.); (A.A.A.-K.)
| | - Shilpa Bhandi
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, Division of Operative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 44512, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Alessio Zanza
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.Z.); (L.T.)
| | - Luca Testarelli
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.Z.); (L.T.)
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 44512, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Ibraheem WI, S Preethanath R, Devang Divakar D, Al-Askar M, Al-Kheraif AA. Effect of tongue piercing on periodontal and peri-implant health: A cross-sectional case-control study in adults. Int J Dent Hyg 2021; 20:282-290. [PMID: 33773044 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The authors hypothesize that periodontal and peri-implant inflammatory parameters are poorer in adult patients with tongue piercing compared with controls. The aim was to assess the influence of tongue piercing on periodontal and peri-implant health status in adults. METHODS Test and control groups comprised of individuals with and without tongue piercing, respectively. A questionnaire was used to collect information about gender, age, duration of tongue piercing and implants in function, jaw location of the implant, reasoning for wearing the tongue ornament, and oral hygiene and ornament cleaning habits. Full-mouth and peri-implant plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), clinical attachment loss (CAL), probing depth (PD) and marginal/crestal bone loss (MBL and CBL, respectively) on mesial and distal surfaces of teeth/implants were recorded. The material (plastic or metal) from which, the bar and ball-ends of the ornament were fabricated was also recorded. A p < 0.01 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Forty-eight and 49 individuals were included in the test and control groups, respectively. There was no difference in PI, GI, PD, CAL and MBL (mesial and distal) among individuals in the test and control groups. In the test group, peri-implant PI (p < 0.01), GI (p < 0.01), PD (p < 0.01) and mesial (p < 0.01) and distal (p < 0.01) CBL were significantly higher in the anterior mandible compared with implants in other jaw locations. In the control group, there was no difference in peri-implant PI, GI, PD and CBL around implants placed in both jaws. CONCLUSION Wearing tongue piercings could increase the risks of periodontal and peri-implant diseases particularly in the mandibular anterior segment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael I Ibraheem
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reghunathan S Preethanath
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Darshan Devang Divakar
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansour Al-Askar
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz A Al-Kheraif
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Lakshmi S, Baker S, Shivamallu C, Prasad A, Syed A, Veerapur R, Shiva Prasad K, Al-Kheraif AA, Devang Divakar D, Elgorban AM, Nagendra Prasad MN. Biosorption of oxybenzene using biosorbent prepared by raw wastes of Zea mays and comparative study by using commercially available activated carbon. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:3469-3476. [PMID: 34121886 PMCID: PMC8176127 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic pollutants present in waste water have undesirable effect on the environment. Industry activities are the key sources of organic pollutants. Prime pollutants released from various sources react instantly with the environment and become derived (secondary) pollutants, which stay for an elongated time. The present research work has been carried out using biosorbent prepared from various Zea mays wastes for elimination of oxybenzene. Different parameters viz contact time, initial concentration; adsorbent dose, temperature and pH were optimized for the biosorption of oxybenzene on to the biosorbent samples. BCS (Baby corn silk) showed higher percentage of biosorption at optimum contact time of 3 h, pH between 5 and 6 and temperature at 25 °C. Analysis of equilibrium biosorption data in terms of several isotherm models revealed that Langmuir isotherm and Freundlich isotherm indicates better agreement with the experimental data. The kinetics of oxybenzene biosorption on to the biosorbents was described with the pseudo-first-order model. Thermodynamic parameters indicated that biosorption onto biosorbent was feasible in nature, spontaneous, and endothermic for some biosorbents, but on contrary not feasible, exothermic and non spontaneous for other biosorbents. The result of this study showed that the biosorbent derived from Zea mays can be used as a prospective biosorbent for oxybenzene in wastewater and also can be an alternative for the commercially activated carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lakshmi
- Department of Biotechnology, SJCE, JSS Science and Technology University, Mysore 570006, India
| | - Syed Baker
- Department of Microbiology, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Siberia, Russian Federation
| | - Chandan Shivamallu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka 570 015, India
| | - Ashwini Prasad
- Department of Microbiology and Tissue Culture, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka 570 015, India
| | - Asad Syed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ravindra Veerapur
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Malawi Institute of Technology, Malawi University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 5916 Limbe, Malawi
| | - Kollur Shiva Prasad
- Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Arts and Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Mysuru Campus, Mysuru 570 026, Karnataka, India
| | - Abdulaziz A Al-Kheraif
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P. O. Box: 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Darshan Devang Divakar
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P. O. Box: 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdallah M Elgorban
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - M N Nagendra Prasad
- Department of Biotechnology, SJCE, JSS Science and Technology University, Mysore 570006, India
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Kollur SP, Prasad SK, Pradeep S, Veerapur R, Patil SS, Amachawadi RG, S RP, Lamraoui G, Al-Kheraif AA, Elgorban AM, Syed A, Shivamallu C. Luteolin-Fabricated ZnO Nanostructures Showed PLK-1 Mediated Anti-Breast Cancer Activity. Biomolecules 2021; 11:385. [PMID: 33807771 PMCID: PMC7998981 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work describes a facile and convenient procedure for synthesizing zinc oxide nanoparticles using luteolin isolated from Eclipta alba plant (L-ZnONPs) at room temperature. The formation of as-grown L-ZnONPs was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). The Wurtzite structure of ZnO was observed by its hexagonal phases in diffraction patterns. The SEM images revealed the different sizes and morphologies of L-ZnONPs, with diameters between 12 and 25 nm. The HR-TEM result showed that the inter-planar distance between two lattice fringes was 0.262 nm, which coincides with the d-spacing of (002) and (101) lattice planes of the as-obtained material. The anticancer activity of L-ZnONPs against the breast cancer cell line MCF-7 was greater as compared to that of luteolin or ZnO alone. The mechanistic evaluation of such an activity carried out using in silico methods suggested that the anti-breast cancer activity of L-ZnONPs was mediated by polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Prasad Kollur
- Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Arts and Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Mysuru Campus, Mysuru, Karnataka 570 026, India
| | - Shashanka K. Prasad
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka 570 015, India; (S.K.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Sushma Pradeep
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka 570 015, India; (S.K.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Ravindra Veerapur
- Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Malawi Institute of Technology, Malawi University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 5916, Limbe 312229, Malawi;
| | - Sharanagouda S. Patil
- ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560 064, India;
| | - Raghavendra G. Amachawadi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506-5606, USA;
| | - Rajendra Prasad S
- Department of Chemistry, Davangere University, Shivagangotri, Davangere, Karnataka 577 007, India;
| | - Ghada Lamraoui
- Nature and Life Sciences, Earth and Universe Sciences, University of Tlemcen, Tlemcen 13000, Algeria;
| | - Abdulaziz A. Al-Kheraif
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdallah M. Elgorban
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Asad Syed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Chandan Shivamallu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka 570 015, India; (S.K.P.); (S.P.)
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Ghali S, Katti G, Shahbaz S, Chitroda PK, V A, Divakar DD, Khan AA, Naik S, Al-Kheraif AA, Jhugroo C. Fascial space odontogenic infections: Ultrasonography as an alternative to magnetic resonance imaging. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:573-580. [PMID: 33553395 PMCID: PMC7829733 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i3.573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The introduction of modern diagnostic tools has transformed the field of maxillofacial radiology. Odontogenic infection and fascial space involvement have been evaluated with many diagnostic tools, including ultrasonography (USG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
AIM To explore USG as an alternative model to MRI in the detection of fascial space spread of odontogenic infections.
METHODS Among 20 patients, 50 fascial spaces were clinically diagnosed with odontogenic infection and included in this prospective study. Fascial space infection involvement was examined by USG and MRI. Results were compared for both and confirmed by microbiological testing.
RESULTS Ultrasonography identified 42 (84%) of 50 involved fascial spaces. Whereas MRI identified all 50 (100%). USG could stage the infections from edematous change to cellulitis to complete abscess formation.
CONCLUSION MRI was superior in recognizing deep fascial space infections compared to USG. However, USG is a significant addition and has a definite role in prognosticating the stage of infection and exact anatomic location in superficial space infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreenivasarao Ghali
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Nanded Rural Dental College and Research Center, Nanded 431606, Maharashtra, India
| | - Girish Katti
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Al-Badar Dental College and Hospital, Kalaburagi 585102, Karnataka, India
| | - Syed Shahbaz
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Al-Badar Dental College and Hospital, Kalaburagi 585102, Karnataka, India
| | - Parita K Chitroda
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Al-Badar Dental College and Hospital, Kalaburagi 585102, Karnataka, India
| | - Anukriti V
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Nanded Rural Dental College and Research Center, Nanded 431606, Maharashtra, India
| | - Darshan Devang Divakar
- Department of Dental Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aftab Ahmed Khan
- Department of Dental Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sachin Naik
- Department of Dental Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz A Al-Kheraif
- Department of Dental Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chitra Jhugroo
- Department of Dental Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
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Khanagar SB, Vishwanathaiah S, Naik S, A Al-Kheraif A, Devang Divakar D, Sarode SC, Bhandi S, Patil S. Application and performance of artificial intelligence technology in forensic odontology - A systematic review. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2020; 48:101826. [PMID: 33341601 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2020.101826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Forensic odontology (FO) mainly deals with the identification of the individual through the remains, which mainly includes teeth and jawbones. Artificial intelligence (AI) technology has proven to be a breakthrough in providing reliable information in decision making in forensic sciences. This systematic review aimed to report on the application and performance of AI technology in FO. The data was gathered through searching for the articles in the renowned search engines, which have been published between January 2000 - June 2020. QUADAS-2 was adopted for the risk of bias analysis of the included studies. AI technology has been widely applied in FO for identifying bite-marks, predicting mandibular morphology, gender determination, and age estimation. Most of these AI models are based on either artificial neural networks (ANNs) or convolutional neural networks (CNNs). The results of the studies are promising. Studies have reported that these models display accuracy and precision equivalent to that of the trained examiners. These models can be promising tools when identifying victims of mass disasters and as an additive aid in medico-legal situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev B Khanagar
- Preventive Dental Science Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Satish Vishwanathaiah
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Divison of Pedodontics, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sachin Naik
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 1143, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz A Al-Kheraif
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 1143, Saudi Arabia
| | - Darshan Devang Divakar
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 1143, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sachin C Sarode
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Dr. D.Y.Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune 411018, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shilpa Bhandi
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, Divison of Operative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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21
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Javed F, Al-Zawawi AS, Allemailem KS, Almatroudi A, Mehmood A, Divakar DD, Al-Kheraif AA. Periodontal Conditions and Whole Salivary IL-17A and -23 Levels among Young Adult Cannabis sativa (Marijuana)-Smokers, Heavy Cigarette-Smokers and Non-Smokers. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17207435. [PMID: 33066031 PMCID: PMC7601049 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the United States, prevalence of marijuana-use has doubled in the past 2 decades. The aim was to compare the periodontal conditions and whole-salivary IL-17A and IL-23 levels among young adult marijuana-smokers, heavy cigarette-smokers and non-smokers. Self-reported marijuana-smokers, heavy-cigarette-smokers, non-smokers with periodontitis and periodontally-healthy non-smokers were included. Demographic data was recorded and full-mouth plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BoP), probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (AL), marginal bone loss (MBL) and missing teeth were recorded. Levels of IL-17A and IL-23 levels were measured in the whole saliva. p < 0.01 was considered statistically significant. Fifteen-marijuana-smokers, 15 heavy-cigarette-smokers, 16 non-smokers-with-periodontitis and 15 periodontally-healthy-non-smokers) were included. The clinicoradiographic parameters were worse among marijuana-smokers (p < 0.01), cigarette-smokers (p < 0.01) and non-smokers-with-periodontitis (p < 0.01) than periodontally-healthy-non-smokers. Marijuana- and cigarette-smokers had Stage-IV/Grade C and non-smokers with periodontitis had Stage-III/Grade-C. Salivary IL-17A and IL-23 levels were higher in marijuana-smokers than cigarette-smokers (p < 0.01) and non-smokers-with-periodontitis (p < 0.01). Whole salivary IL-17A and IL-23 levels were higher among cigarette-smokers than non-smokers with periodontitis (p < 0.01) and periodontally-healthy-individuals (p < 0.01). Marijuana- and heavy cigarette-smokers have comparable clinicoradiographic periodontal statuses. This rejects hypothesis-1. However, whole salivary immunoinflammatory response may be moderately worse in marijuana-smokers compared with heavy cigarette-smokers and non-smoker with periodontitis thereby supporting hypothesis-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawad Javed
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14620, USA;
| | - Abeer S. Al-Zawawi
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 60169, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Khaled S. Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Abid Mehmood
- Department of Dentistry, Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi 75500, Pakistan;
| | - Darshan Devang Divakar
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdulaziz A. Al-Kheraif
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-5025-1250; Fax: +966-0541-1222
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Alqahtani F, Alqhtani N, Celur SL, Divakar DD, Al-Kheraif AA, Alkhtani F. Efficacy of Nonsurgical Mechanical Debridement With and Without Adjunct Low-Level Laser Therapy in the Treatment of Peri-Implantitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2020; 46:526-531. [PMID: 32369570 DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-19-00367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We hypothesized that in the long term (6-month follow-up), nonsurgical mechanical debridement (NSMD) with adjunct low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is more effective for the treatment of peri-implantitis than NSMD alone. The aim of the present 6-month follow-up convenience-sample cohort study was to assess the efficacy of LLLT as an adjunct to NSMD in the treatment of peri-implantitis. A questionnaire was used to collect demographic information. Patients with peri-implantitis in the test and control groups underwent NSMD with and without adjunct LLLT, respectively. Randomization was done by tossing a coin. In the test group, the laser was applied perpendicular to the periodontal pocket for 20 seconds at a constant distance of 15 mm and with a continuous wavelength (3.41 J/cm2 delivery with a 1.76 cm2 spot and average output of 0.3 W). In both groups, peri-implant probing depth, bleeding upon probing, and crestal bone resorption were assessed at baseline and at the 3-month and 6-month follow-up. Group comparisons were performed, and P < .05 was considered statistically significant. Sixty-seven individuals with peri-implantitis were included. The mean age of participants who underwent NSMD with adjunct LLLT and NSMD alone was 46.5 ± 3.4 and 45.3 ± 1.1 years, respectively. At the 3- and 6-month follow-up, peri-implant (P < .05), bleeding upon probing (P < .05), and probing depth (P < .05) were significantly higher among patients who underwent NSMD alone compared with patients who underwent NSMD with adjunct LLLT. There was no significant difference in crestal bone resorption in all patients up to the 6-month follow-up. In the short term, NSMD with adjunct LLLT was a useful treatment protocol for the treatment of peri-implant soft-tissue inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawaz Alqahtani
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser Alqhtani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi-Arabia
| | - Sree Lalita Celur
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Division, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Darshan Devang Divakar
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz A Al-Kheraif
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Alkhtani
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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Ibraheem WI, Fageeh HI, Preethanath RS, Alzahrani FA, Al-Zawawi AS, Divakar DD, Al-Kheraif AA. Comparison of RANKL and osteoprotegerin levels in the gingival crevicular fluid of young cigarette- and waterpipe-smokers and individuals using electronic nicotine delivery systems. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 115:104714. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Alqahtani F, Alqhtani N, Alkhtani F, Devang Divakar D, Al-Kheraif AA, Javed F. Clinicoradiographic markers of peri-implantitis in cigarette-smokers and never-smokers with type 2 diabetes mellitus at 7-years follow-up. J Periodontol 2020; 91:1132-1138. [PMID: 32017116 DOI: 10.1002/jper.19-0501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is hypothesized that in the long-term, (a) peri-implant inflammatory variables (plaque index [PI], bleeding on probing [BOP], probing depth (PD) and crestal bone loss [CBL]) are worse in cigarette-smokers (CS) and patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) than never-smokers (NS) without T2DM. The aim of the present 7-year follow-up clinical observational study was to assess the survival of dental implant in CS and NS with T2DM. METHODS Study participants were divided into four groups based on glycemic status and self-reported cigarette-smoking habit: a) CS with T2DM; b) CS without T2DM; c) NS with T2DM; and d) NS without T2DM. Demographic information was collected using a questionnaire and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were measured. Peri-implant PI, BOP, PD, and CBL were measured. Sample-size was estimated was statistical analysis was done using analysis of variance. P <0.01 was considered significant. RESULTS In total, 101 male patients were included. There was no significant contrast in age among the groups. Every partaker in the study groups had one dental implant placed in posterior maxilla or mandible. The mean HbA1c levels were significantly higher among CS (P <0.01) and NS (P <0.01) with T2DM than individuals without T2DM. Peri-implant PI (P <0.01), PD (P <0.01), and CBL (P <0.01) were significantly higher among CS and NS with T2DM and CS without T2DM than NS without T2DM. Peri-implant BOP was significantly higher among CS and NS with T2DM than CS and NS without T2DM (P <0.01). CONCLUSIONS Peri-implant inflammatory variables were worse among CS and NS with T2DM than NS without T2DM. A state of chronic hyperglycemia seems to be a stronger mediator of inflammation than cigarette smoking in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawaz Alqahtani
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser Alqhtani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Alkhtani
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Darshan Devang Divakar
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz A Al-Kheraif
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fawad Javed
- Department of Periodontology, Laboratory for Periodontal-, Implant-, Phototherapy (LA-PIP), School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
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Al-Sowygh ZH, Al-Kheraif AA, Akram Z, Vohra F, Javed F. Peri-implant soft tissue inflammatory parameters and crestal bone loss among waterpipe (narghile) smokers and never-smokers with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Periodontol 2019. [PMID: 29520801 DOI: 10.1002/jper.17-0554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peri-implant soft tissue inflammatory parameters and crestal bone loss (CBL) among waterpipe smokers (WS) with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains uninvestigated. The aim of the present study was to assess peri-implant soft tissue inflammatory parameters and CBL among WS and never smokers (NS) with and without T2DM. METHODS Demographic data and information regarding duration of implants in function, daily frequency of smoking, duration and treatment of T2DM, and daily toothbrushing was collected using a questionnaire. Peri-implant plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD) ≥4 mm, CBL, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were assessed in all individuals. Level of significance was set at 5%. RESULTS Seventy-nine male individuals (39 patients with T2DM [20 WS and 19 NS] and 40 systemically healthy individuals [21 WS smokers and 19 NS]) were included. The mean age was comparable among individuals in all groups. The mean HbA1c levels were significantly higher among patients with T2DM compared to controls (P < 0.01). Peri-implant PI, BOP, PD, and CBL were comparable among WS and NS with T2DM. Among patients without T2DM, PI (P < 0.05), PD ≥4 mm (P < 0.05) and mesial and distal CBL (P < 0.05) were significantly higher in WS than NS. Among individuals without T2DM, BOP was significantly higher among NS (P < 0.05) than WS. In patients with T2DM, BOP was comparable among WS and NS. CONCLUSIONS Peri-implant soft tissue inflammatory parameters and CBL were comparable among WS and NS with T2DM. Among individuals without T2DM, these parameters were worse among WS than NS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyad H Al-Sowygh
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz A Al-Kheraif
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zohaib Akram
- Department of Periodontology, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Fahim Vohra
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fawad Javed
- Department of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
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Kellesarian SV, Malignaggi VR, Al-Kheraif AA, Al-Askar M, Yunker M, Javed F. Effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy
and laser alone as adjunct to mechanical debridement in the management of halitosis: A systematic review. Quintessence Int 2018; 48:575-583. [PMID: 28512650 DOI: 10.3290/j.qi.a38264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy of laser therapy (LT) and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) as adjunct to mechanical debridement (MD) on the management of halitosis. DATA SOURCES In order to address the focused question "Is MD with adjunct LT and/or aPDT more effective in the management of halitosis compared with MD alone?" an electronic search without time or language restrictions was conducted up to January 2017 in indexed databases using the combination of different key words including photochemotherapy, lasers, light, photodynamic therapy, halitosis, and bad breath. The exclusion criteria included qualitative and/or quantitative reviews, case reports, case series, commentaries, letters to the editor, interviews, and updates. RESULTS Six randomized control trials were included and processed for data extraction. Results from all studies reported that MD with adjunct LT or aPDT is more effective in reducing halitosis and/or volatile sulfur compounds concentration associated with oral conditions compared with MD alone. One study reported a significant reduction in bacterial colony forming units on the dorsum of the tongue among patients with coated tongue receiving MD with aPDT compared with MD alone. CONCLUSION The efficacy of aPDT and/or LT on halitosis management remains unclear. Further well-designed randomized clinical trials assessing the efficacy of mechanical debridement with LT or aPDT on the halitosis treatment are needed.
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Akram Z, Al-Kheraif AA, Kellesarian SV, Vohra F, Javed F. Comparison of oral Candida carriage in waterpipe smokers, cigarette smokers, and non-smokers. J Oral Sci 2018; 60:115-120. [PMID: 29576571 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.17-0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present cohort study was to compare oral carriage of Candida in waterpipe smokers (WS), cigarette smokers (CS), and non-smokers (NS). A total of 141 individuals (46 WS, 45 CS, and 50 NS) were included. A questionnaire was used to gather demographic information and data on the daily frequency and duration of smoking habits, the reasons for smoking, and daily oral hygiene maintenance habits. Oral Candida (C.) samples were cultured and yeast species were identified using polymerase chain reaction. Unstimulated whole salivary flow rate (UWSFR) was also recorded. The numbers of missing teeth (MT) were counted and tongue lesions were clinically identified. C. albicans was the most prevalent yeast species isolated from all groups. Oral C. albicans carriage was higher among WS (P < 0.05) and CS (P < 0.05) than among NS. Oral C. tropicalis carriage, age, UWSFR and the number of MT were comparable among the groups. Oral Candida carriage was significantly higher among WS and CS than among NS. Therefore it appears that WS and CS are at an increased risk of developing oral candida infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohaib Akram
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ziauddin University
| | | | - Sergio V Kellesarian
- Department of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester
| | - Fahim Vohra
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University
| | - Fawad Javed
- Department of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester
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Alkhudhairy F, Vohra F, Al-Kheraif AA, Akram Z. Comparison of clinical and radiographic peri-implant parameters among obese and non-obese patients: A 5-year study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2018; 20:756-762. [PMID: 30028553 DOI: 10.1111/cid.12633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is postulated that peri-implant parameters are worse in obese individuals as compared to nonobese. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present 5-year longitudinal study was to analyze and compare the changes in clinical and radiographic peri-implant parameters among obese and non-obese patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty patients with body mass index ≥ 27.5 kg/m2 and 18 non-obese controls were included. All patients were indicated for single tooth maxillary or mandibular molar replacement with the adjacent teeth intact. Peri-implant clinical (plaque index [PI], bleeding on probing [BOP], probing depth [PD]) and radiographic (marginal bone loss [MBL]) parameters were measured at 12, 24, and 60 months of follow-up. RESULTS All peri-implant parameters showed statistically significant difference between obese and non-obese individuals. Obese group recorded significant higher BOP, PD, and MBL at different observation times. Probing depth and MBL increased significantly with advance of time in both groups. After 60 months of follow-up period, greater PI and BOP was observed in obese patients (P < 0.01). At 60 months follow-up period, obese patients showed significant increased PD (3.69 mm) as compared to non-obese individuals (2.46 mm). Marginal bone loss in non-obese individuals varied from 0.30 mm after 12 months, reaching 0.55 mm after 60 months of follow-up period, while in obese patients MBL values went from 0.36 mm after 12 months to 0.91 mm at 60 months follow-up (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Patients with obesity are at risk of increased localized peri-implant soft and hard tissue inflammation. It is recommended that clinicians should educate obese patients about risk of increased peri-implant tissue inflammation and susceptibility to bone loss and stipulate stringent oral hygiene care for ideal peri-implant health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Alkhudhairy
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahim Vohra
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz A Al-Kheraif
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zohaib Akram
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
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Mokeem SA, Alasqah MN, Michelogiannakis D, Al-Kheraif AA, Romanos GE, Javed F. Clinical and radiographic periodontal status and whole salivary cotinine, IL-1β and IL-6 levels in cigarette- and waterpipe-smokers and E-cig users. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 61:38-43. [PMID: 29843053 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim was to compare the clinical (plaque index [PI], bleeding on probing [BOP], probing pocket depth [PPD] and clinical attachment loss [CAL]) and radiographic (marginal bone loss [MBL]) periodontal parameters and whole salivary cotinine, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 levels among cigarette-smokers, waterpipe-smokers, E-cig users and never-smokers. In total, 154 male individuals (39 cigarette-smokers, 40 waterpipe-smokers, 37 E-cig users and 38 never-smokers) were included. Full mouth PI, BOP, PPD and CAL were measured on all teeth (excluding third molars); and MBL was measured in digital intra-oral radiographs. Unstimulated whole salivary flow rate (UWSFR) and whole salivary cotinine, IL-1β and IL-6 levels were measured. Group comparisons were performed using one way analysis of variance and Bonferroni post-hoc tests. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. There was no difference in UWSFR among the groups. Cotinine levels were significantly higher among cigarette- (P < 0.001) and waterpipe-smokers (P < 0.001) and E-cig users (P < 0.001) than never-smokers. IL-1β (P < 0.01) and IL-6 (P < 0.01) levels were significantly higher among cigarette- and waterpipe-smokers than E-cig users and never-smokers. There was no difference in PPD, CAL, mesial and distal MBL and whole salivary IL-1β and IL-6 levels among E-cig users and never-smokers. In conclusion, clinical and radiographic parameters of periodontal inflammation were poorer in cigarette and waterpipe smokers than E-cig users and never-smokers; and whole salivary cotinine levels were similar in all groups. Whole salivary IL-1β and IL-6 levels were higher in cigarette- and waterpipe-smokers than E-cig users and never-smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer A Mokeem
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed N Alasqah
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dimitrios Michelogiannakis
- Departments of Community Dentistry and Oral Disease Prevention, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, NY, USA; Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Abdulaziz A Al-Kheraif
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Georgios E Romanos
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, NY, USA; Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry, Dental School, Johann Wolfgang Goethe, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Fawad Javed
- Department of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, NY, USA
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Kellesarian SV, Al Amri MD, Al-Kheraif AA, Ghanem A, Malmstrom H, Javed F. Efficacy of Local and Systemic Statin Delivery on the Osseointegration of Implants: A Systematic Review. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2018; 32:497-506. [PMID: 28494034 DOI: 10.11607/jomi.4955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In indexed literature, a systematic review of the efficacy of statins in enhancing osseointegration is lacking. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the efficacy of local and systemic statin delivery on the osseointegration of implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS To address the focused question, "Does local and systemic statin delivery affect osseointegration around implants?", indexed databases were searched from 1965 through November 2015 using various keywords. Letters to the Editor, case reports/case series, historic reviews, and commentaries were excluded. The pattern of this systematic review was customized to primarily summarize the pertinent data. RESULTS Nineteen studies were included. All studies were experimental and were performed in animal models. In seven studies, statins were delivered systemically via oral, intraperitoneal, intraosseous, subcutaneous, and percutaneous routes. Among the 12 studies, where statins were delivered locally, statin-coated implants were used in seven studies, whereas in the remaining studies, statins were delivered via topical application on the bone cavities. The follow-up duration ranged between 1 and 12 weeks. Results from 18 studies showed that statin administration enhanced new bone formation (NBF) around implants and/or bone-to-implant contact. One study showed that statin-coated implant surfaces impaired osseointegration. Seven studies reported that statin administration enhanced NBF around implants in osteoporotic rats. CONCLUSION On experimental grounds, local and systemic statin delivery seems to enhance osseointegration; however, from a clinical perspective, further studies are needed to assess the role of statins in promoting osseointegration around dental implants.
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Khan AA, Al-Kheraif AA, Al-Shehri AM, Säilynoja E, Vallittu PK. Polymer matrix of fiber-reinforced composites: Changes in the semi-interpenetrating polymer network during the shelf life. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018; 78:414-419. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Vohra F, Alkhudhairy F, Al-Kheraif AA, Akram Z, Javed F. Peri-implant parameters and C-reactive protein levels among patients with different obesity levels. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2017; 20:130-136. [DOI: 10.1111/cid.12556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fahim Vohra
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Science; College of Dentistry, King Saud University; Riyadh 11545 Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Alkhudhairy
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences; College of Dentistry, King Saud University; Riyadh 11545 Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz A. Al-Kheraif
- Dental Health Department; College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University; Riyadh 11545 Saudi Arabia
| | - Zohaib Akram
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry; Ziauddin University; Karachi 756000 Pakistan
| | - Fawad Javed
- Department of General Dentistry; Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester; Rochester New York
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Al Amri MD, Al-Rasheed AS, Al-Kheraif AA, Alfadda SA. Comparison of Clinical, Radiographic, and Immunologic Inflammatory Parameters Around Dental Implants with Cement-Retained and Screw-Retained Restorations: A 5-Year Prospective Cohort Study in Men. INT J PROSTHODONT 2017; 30:384-389. [PMID: 28697211 DOI: 10.11607/ijp.5078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare bleeding on probing (BoP), probing depth (PD; ≥ 4 mm), radiographic (peri-implant crestal bone loss [CBL]), and immunologic inflammatory (interleukin-1beta [IL-1β] and matrix metalloproteinase-9 [MMP-9]) parameters around dental implants with cement-retained (CR) and screw-retained (SR) implant-supported crowns. MATERIALS AND METHODS Based on the mode of retention of the restoration, 51 patients were divided into two groups: Group 1, consisting of 26 single implants restored with CR crowns, and Group 2, consisting of 25 single implants restored with SR crowns. Peri-implant BoP, PD, and CBL were scored, and levels of IL-1β and MMP-9 in the peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) in both groups were measured in duplicate using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Full-mouth mechanical debridement was performed biannually in both groups. Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis test with the significance level set at P < .05. RESULTS The mean CBL among implants in groups 1 and 2 was 1.7 ± 0.5 mm and 1.7 ± 0.4 mm, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in mean BoP, PD, and CBL among implants in both groups (P > .05). There was no statistically significant difference between groups 1 and 2 in the PICF levels of IL-1β (7.3 ± 0.5 and 7.2 ± 0.5, respectively) and MMP-9 (165 ± 9.4 and 182 ± 10.6, respectively) (P > .05). CONCLUSION The mode of retention of implant-supported crowns does not appear to affect their clinical correlations with BoP, PD, CBL, and levels of IL-1β and MMP-9 in the PICF when zinc oxide eugenol cement is used.
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Javed F, Al-Kheraif AA, Kellesarian SV, Vohra F, Romanos GE. Oral Candida carriage and species prevalence in denture stomatitis patients with and without diabetes. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2017; 31:343-346. [PMID: 28685534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the oral Candida carriage and species prevalence in denture stomatitis (DS) patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM). To address the focused question “In patients receiving dentures, how does having diabetes compared to no diabetes influences the carriage and species prevalence of oral Candida?” Indexed databases were explored without time or language restrictions up to and including February 2017. Nine studies were included. In these studies, the number of diabetics ranged between 14 patients and 405 individuals with mean ages ranging between 33 years and 66.4 years. In five studies, the percentage of hyperglycemic patients in the diabetic group ranged from 14.3% to 100%. In one study, all diabetic patients were normoglycemic. Seven studies reported Candida-associated DS to be significantly higher among diabetics than non-diabetics. Candida albicans was the most prevalent species isolated among diabetics and non-diabetics with DS. Denture-wearers with DM are more susceptible to Candida-associated DS as compared to non-diabetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Javed
- Department of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, NY, USA
| | - A A Al-Kheraif
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - S V Kellesarian
- Department of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, NY, USA
| | - F Vohra
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - G E Romanos
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry, Dental School, Johann Wolfgang Goethe, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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Al Amri MD, Al-Johany SS, Al Baker AM, Al Rifaiy MQ, Abduljabbar TS, Al-Kheraif AA. Soft tissue changes and crestal bone loss around platform-switched implants placed at crestal and subcrestal levels: 36-month results from a prospective split-mouth clinical trial. Clin Oral Implants Res 2016; 28:1342-1347. [DOI: 10.1111/clr.12990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad D. Al Amri
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences; College of Dentistry; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulieman S. Al-Johany
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences; College of Dentistry; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz M. Al Baker
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences; College of Dentistry; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Q. Al Rifaiy
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences; College of Dentistry; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq S. Abduljabbar
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences; College of Dentistry; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz A. Al-Kheraif
- Dental Health Department; College of Applied Medical Sciences; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
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Al Amri MD, Kellesarian SV, Abduljabbar TS, Al Rifaiy MQ, Al Baker AM, Al-Kheraif AA. Comparison of Peri-Implant Soft Tissue Parameters and Crestal Bone Loss Around Immediately Loaded and Delayed Loaded Implants in Smokers and Non-Smokers: 5-Year Follow-Up Results. J Periodontol 2016; 88:3-9. [PMID: 27587369 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2016.160427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to compare peri-implant soft tissue parameters (plaque index [PI], bleeding on probing [BOP], and probing depth [PD] ≥4 mm) and crestal bone loss (CBL) around immediately loaded (IL) and delayed loaded (DL) implants in smokers and non-smokers. METHODS Thirty-one patients with IL implants (16 smokers and 15 non-smokers) and 30 patients with DL implants (17 smokers and 13 non-smokers) were included. Personal data regarding age, sex, and duration and daily frequency of smoking were gathered using a questionnaire. Peri-implant PI, BOP, and PD ≥4 mm were recorded, and mesial and distal CBL was measured on standardized digital radiographs. Multiple group comparisons were performed using the Bonferroni post hoc test (P <0.05). RESULTS All implants replaced mandibular premolars or molars. Mean scores of PI (P <0.05) and PD ≥4 mm (P <0.05) were statistically significantly higher in smokers compared with non-smokers in patients with IL and DL dental implants. The mean score of BOP (P <0.05) was statistically significantly higher in non-smokers compared with smokers in both groups. CBL (P <0.05) was statistically significantly higher in smokers compared with non-smokers in both groups. There was no statistically significant difference in PI, BOP, PD ≥4 mm, and total CBL among smokers with IL and DL implants. CONCLUSIONS Tobacco smoking enhances peri-implant soft tissue inflammation and CBL around IL and DL implants. Loading protocol did not show a significant effect on peri-implant hard and soft tissue status in healthy smokers and non-smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad D Al Amri
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Tariq S Abduljabbar
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Q Al Rifaiy
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz M Al Baker
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Al Amri MD, Abduljabbar TS, Al-Johany SS, Al Rifaiy MQ, Alfarraj Aldosari AM, Al-Kheraif AA. Comparison of clinical and radiographic parameters around short (6 to 8 mm in length) and long (11 mm in length) dental implants placed in patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus: 3-year follow-up results. Clin Oral Implants Res 2016; 28:1182-1187. [DOI: 10.1111/clr.12938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad D. Al Amri
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences; College of Dentistry; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq S. Abduljabbar
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences; College of Dentistry; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulieman S. Al-Johany
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences; College of Dentistry; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Q. Al Rifaiy
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences; College of Dentistry; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abdulaziz A. Al-Kheraif
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair; Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
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Vohra F, Al-Qahtani M, Momenah N, Al-Kheraif AA, Ab-Ghani SM. Knowledge and attitudes of dentists toward shortened dental arch therapy in Saudi Arabia. Niger J Clin Pract 2016; 19:380-5. [PMID: 27022804 DOI: 10.4103/1119-3077.179288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess and compare the knowledge and attitudes of dentists toward shortened dental arch (SDA) therapy in Saudi Arabia. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this cross-sectional study, self-designed-structured questionnaires were distributed among specialists (SP), residents (RES), and general dental practitioners (GDP) in Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire enquired about dentists' opinion regarding function, esthetic, and comfort in patients with SDA. It also enquired about the risks associated with SDA treatment (tooth wear, temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD), and tooth migration). Participants also graded SDA decision-making factors for their significance. Frequency distribution and Chi-square test were performed to compare the responses. RESULTS A total of 300 questionnaires were completed. 53.9% of SP applied SDA therapy in <10% of patients. However, 54.8% of RES and 46.6% of GDP never used SDA therapy. SDA was considered by dentists to provide a satisfactory or acceptable function (76.4%), esthetics (76.1%), and comfort (76.8%). There was a significant difference in opinions of SP, GDP, and RES, in relation to the effect of SDA on esthetics (P = 0.039), tooth-wear (P < 0.001), TMD (P < 0.001), and tooth migration (P = 0.002). CONCLUSION The knowledge of SP and GDP with regards to SDA therapy was broadly in line with current standards. Less than 10% of patients had objections towards SDA therapy. SDA therapy was clinically applied in fewer than 10% of cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Vohra
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,
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Abstract
Objective: The aim of this research was to assess the effect of mouth rinses with and without alcohol on the hardness of dental nano-filled composite. Methods: The micro-hardness of fifty circular disk shaped specimens of 7 mm x 2 mm were measured after 14 days. Specimens were immersed into alcohol containing (Listerine and Colgate Perioguard) and alcohol-free (Prodent and Sensodyne Oral antiseptic) mouth rinse solutions. Artificial saliva served as the control. Vickers Micro-hardness was measured with a 30gram load for 30 seconds dwell time by using a diamond indenter. Significant differences were represented by p<0.05, whereas highly significant difference represented by p<0.01. The level of significance (p) was calculated with the help of repeated measure ANOVA. For multiple comparisons, Tukey’s multiple comparison test was used. Results: Statistical analysis revealed highly significant difference between specimens immersed in artificial saliva (control) and Listerine (p<0.01). Whereas significant difference were observed between control and Colgate Periogard (p<0.05). However, no significant difference was observed on comparing Prodent and Sensodyne Oral antiseptic mouth rinses with control group(p>0.05). Control specimens depicted highest value of micro-hardness(60.5746 ± 3.2703) compared to the lowest value seen in specimens immersed in Listerine solvent(54.4687 ± 1.0937). Conclusion: Alcohol containing mouth rinsing solutions have more deleterious effect on hardness of nano composites as compared to alcohol-free mouth rinses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aftab Ahmed Khan
- Aftab Ahmed Khan, MSc, M.Bioeth, B.D.S. Researcher, Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433; Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel Zia Siddiqui
- Adel Zia Siddiqui, MSc, B.D.S. Associate Professor, Department of Dental Material Sciences, Baqai Dental College, Baqai Medical University, 51 Deh Tor, Toll Plaza, Super Highway, Gadap Road, Karachi 74600; Pakistan
| | - Syed Fareed Mohsin
- Syed Fareed Mohsin, Ph.D, MSc, MFD RCS, MFDS RCPSG, B.D.S. Associate Professor, Department of Oral Pathology/Oral Medicine, Baqai Dental College, Baqai Medical University, 51 Deh Tor, Toll Plaza, Super Highway, Gadap Road, Karachi 74600; Pakistan
| | - Abdulaziz A Al-Kheraif
- Abdulaziz A. Al-Kheraif, Ph.D, MSc. Associate Professor & Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433; Saudi Arabia
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Javed F, Kellesarian SV, Al-Kheraif AA, Ranna V, Qadri T, Yunker M, Malmstrom H, Romanos GE. Effect of Nd:YAG laser-assisted non-surgical periodontal therapy on clinical periodontal and serum biomarkers in patients with and without coronary artery disease: A short-term pilot study. Lasers Surg Med 2016; 48:929-935. [PMID: 26846607 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that nonsurgical-periodontal-therapy (NSPT) with adjunct Nd:YAG laser therapy is more effective in reducing periodontal inflammatory parameters (plaque index [PI], bleeding-on-probing [BOP], and probing-pocket-depth [PPD]) and serum interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) levels in patients with and without coronary artery disease (CAD) than NSPT alone. The aim of this short-term pilot study was to assess the effect of NSPT + Nd:YAG laser therapy on periodontal parameters and serum IL-1β and MMP-9 levels in patients with and without CAD. STUDY DESIGN A prospective randomized clinical study was conducted on 87 patients who were divided into two groups: Group-1: 44 patients with CAD and periodontal disease (PD) and Group-2: 43 patients with PD alone. Treatment-wise, these individuals were randomly divided into two subgroups: (i) NSPT alone and (ii) NSPT + Nd:YAG laser therapy. Demographic information was collected using a self-completed questionnaire. Periodontal parameters (PI, BOP, and PPD) and serum IL-1β and MMP-9 levels were measured at baseline and after 3 months of treatment. P-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS At 3 months follow-up, PI (P < 0.01), BOP (P < 0.01), PPD ≥ 4 mm (P < 0.01), and serum IL-1β (P < 0.01) and MMP-9 (P < 0.01) levels were significantly higher in patients treated with NSPT alone than those treated with NSPT + Nd:YAG laser therapy. Among patients that underwent NSPT + laser therapy in both groups, periodontal parameters and serum IL-1β, and MMP-9 levels were comparable at 3-months follow-up. CONCLUSION NSPT + Nd:YAG laser therapy may be more effective in reducing periodontal inflammation and serum IL-1β and MMP-9 levels in patients with and without CAD than NSPT alone. Lasers Surg. Med. 48:929-935, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawad Javed
- Department of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Sergio V Kellesarian
- Department of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Abdulaziz A Al-Kheraif
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Department of Dental Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11541, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vinisha Ranna
- Department of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Talat Qadri
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Michael Yunker
- Department of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Hans Malmstrom
- Department of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Georgios E Romanos
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Stony Brook, New York.,Department of Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry, University of Johann Wolfgang, Frankfurt, Germany
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Javed F, Al-Kheraif AA, Rahman I, Millan-Luongo LT, Feng C, Yunker M, Malmstrom H, Romanos GE. Comparison of Clinical and Radiographic Periodontal Status Between Habitual Water-Pipe Smokers and Cigarette Smokers. J Periodontol 2016; 87:142-7. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2015.150235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Al Amri MD, Abduljabbar TS, Al-Kheraif AA, Romanos GE, Javed F. Comparison of clinical and radiographic status around dental implants placed in patients with and without prediabetes: 1-year follow-up outcomes. Clin Oral Implants Res 2016; 28:231-235. [DOI: 10.1111/clr.12788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad D. Al Amri
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences; College of Dentistry; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq S. Abduljabbar
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences; College of Dentistry; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz A. Al-Kheraif
- Dental Health Department; College of Applied Medical Sciences; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Georgios E. Romanos
- Department of Periodontology; School of Dental Medicine; Stony Brook University; Stony Brook NY USA
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry; Johann Wolfgang University; Frankfurt Germany
| | - Fawad Javed
- Department of General Dentistry; Eastman Institute for Oral Health; University of Rochester; Rochester NY USA
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Al Amri MD, Kellesarian SV, Al-Kheraif AA, Malmstrom H, Javed F, Romanos GE. Effect of oral hygiene maintenance on HbA1c levels and peri-implant parameters around immediately-loaded dental implants placed in type-2 diabetic patients: 2 years follow-up. Clin Oral Implants Res 2016; 27:1439-1443. [PMID: 26756309 DOI: 10.1111/clr.12758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present 2-year follow-up study was to assess the effect of oral hygiene maintenance on hemoglobin Alc (HbA1c) levels and peri-implant parameters around immediately-loaded dental implants placed in type-2 diabetic patients with varying glycemic levels. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ninety-one individuals were divided into three groups. In group 1, 30 systemically healthy individuals were included (HbA1c < 6%). Patients in group 2 and 3, comprised of 30 patients with T2DM (HbA1c 6.1-8%); and 31 patients with T2DM (HbA1c 8.1-10%) respectively. In all groups, patients received immediately loaded bone level implants. All participants were enrolled in a 6 monthly periodontal/peri-implant maintenance program. Peri-implant bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), and marginal bone loss (MBL) were measured at 6, 12, and 24 months of follow-up. RESULTS Mean preoperative HbA1c levels in patients in groups 1, 2, and 3 were 4.5%, 6.8%, and 8.7% respectively. In group-1, there was no significant difference in HbA1c levels at all follow-up durations. Among patients in groups 2 and 3, there was a significant decrease in HbA1c levels at 24-months follow-up than 6-months follow-up. At 6 months follow-up, BOP, PD, and MBL were significantly higher among patients in group-3 than group-1. At 12 and 24 months follow-up, there was no significant difference in BOP, PD, and MBL in all groups. CONCLUSIONS Oral hygiene maintenance reduces hyperglycemia and peri-implant inflammatory parameters around immediately loaded dental implants placed in type 2 diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad D Al Amri
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sergio Varela Kellesarian
- Department of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Abdulaziz A Al-Kheraif
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hans Malmstrom
- Department of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Fawad Javed
- Department of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Georgios E Romanos
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry, Dental School Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
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Javed F, Alshehri FA, Al-Kheraif AA, Aldosary KM, Vohra F, Malmstrom H, Romanos GE. Self-perceived oral health and whole salivary immunoglobulin G levels in habitual gutka-chewers and nonchewers. Niger J Clin Pract 2016; 19:272-7. [DOI: 10.4103/1119-3077.164337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Javed F, Al Amri MD, Kellesarian SV, Al-Kheraif AA, Vohra F, Calvo-Guirado JL, Malmstrom H, Romanos GE. Efficacy of parathyroid hormone supplementation on the osseointegration of implants: a systematic review. Clin Oral Investig 2015; 20:649-58. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-015-1691-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Khan AA, Siddiqui AZ, Al-Kheraif AA, Zahid A, Divakar DD. Effect of different pH solvents on micro-hardness and surface topography of dental nano-composite: An in vitro analysis. Pak J Med Sci 2015; 31:854-9. [PMID: 26430417 PMCID: PMC4590396 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.314.7517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Erosion of tooth surface is attributed to recent shift in diet pattern and frequent use of beverages. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of different beverages on surface topography and hardness of nano-filled composite material. Methods: Sixty flat disc shaped resin composite samples were fabricated and placed in distilled water for 24 hours. After 24 hours test samples were dried and divided into 4 groups. Group A (n=15) specimens were placed in tight amber bottle comprising 25 ml of artificial saliva. Similarly Group B, C and D were stored in equal amounts of orange juice, milk and coca cola drink respectively. Samples were checked for hardness and surface changes were evaluated with scanning electron microscopy. Results: There were strong significant difference observed in samples immersed in orange juice and artificial saliva. A strong significant difference was seen between Group D and Group A. Group A and Group C showed no significant difference. The micro-hardness test showed reduced values among all samples. Conclusion: Beverages consumed daily have a negative influence on hardness and surface degradation of nano-filled dental composite. Comparatively, nano-filled composites possess higher surface area to volume ratio of their fillers particle size may lead to higher surface roughness than other resin based dental biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aftab Ahmed Khan
- Aftab Ahmed Khan, MSc, M.Bioeth, B.D.S Researcher, Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433; Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel Zia Siddiqui
- Adel Zia Siddiqui, MSc, B.D.S Associate Professor, Dental Material Sciences, Baqai Dental College, Baqai Medical University, 51 Deh Tor, Toll Plaza, Super Highway, Gadap Road, Karachi 74600; Pakistan
| | - Abdulaziz A Al-Kheraif
- Abdulaziz A. Al-Kheraif, Ph.D, MSc Associate Professor and Chair, Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433; Saudi Arabia
| | - Ambreen Zahid
- Ambreen Zahid, B.D.S Lecturer, Oral Pathology, Muhammad Bin Qasim Dental College, Gulshan-e-Benazir, Razaqabad, Bin Qasim Town, Karachi; Pakistan
| | - Darshan Devang Divakar
- Darshan Devang Divakar, M.D.S, B.D.S Researcher, Dental Biomaterials Research chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433; Saudi Arabia
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Javed F, Al-Kheraif AA, Al Amri MD, Mikami T, Vohra F, Warnakulasuriya S, Romanos GE. Periodontal Parameters and Whole Salivary Cytokine Profiles Among Habitual Gutka Chewers and Non-Chewers. J Periodontol 2015; 86:689-95. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2015.140556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Javed F, Al-Kheraif AA, Salazar-Lazo K, Yanez-Fontenla V, Aldosary KM, Alshehri M, Malmstrom H, Romanos GE. Periodontal Inflammatory Conditions Among Smokers and Never-Smokers With and Without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Periodontol 2015; 86:839-46. [PMID: 25879874 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2015.150120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a dearth of studies regarding the influence of cigarette smoking on periodontal inflammatory conditions among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of the present study is to assess periodontal inflammatory conditions among smokers and never-smokers with and without T2DM. METHODS One hundred individuals (50 patients with T2DM [25 smokers and 25 never-smokers] and 50 controls [25 smokers and 25 never-smokers]) were included. Information regarding age, sex, duration and daily frequency of smoking, duration and treatment of diabetes, and oral hygiene was recorded using a questionnaire. Periodontal parameters (plaque index [PI], bleeding on probing [BOP], probing depth [PD], clinical attachment loss [AL], and marginal bone loss [MBL]) were measured. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were also recorded. RESULTS Mean age, monthly income status, and education levels were comparable among smokers and never-smokers with and without T2DM. Mean HbA1c levels were significantly higher among patients with T2DM (8.2% ± 0.1%) compared with controls (4.4% ± 0.3%) (P <0.05). Smokers in the control group were smoking significantly greater numbers of cigarettes (15.5 ± 2.5 cigarettes daily) compared with smokers with T2DM (6.2 ± 2.1 cigarettes daily) (P <0.05). Periodontal parameters were comparable among smokers and never-smokers with T2DM. Among controls, periodontal parameters (PI [P <0.05], AL [P <0.05], PD ≥4 mm [P <0.05], and MBL [P <0.05]) were significantly higher in smokers than never-smokers. Never-smokers with T2DM had worse periodontal status than smokers and never-smokers in the control group (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS Periodontal inflammatory conditions are comparable among smokers and never-smokers with T2DM. Among controls, periodontal inflammation is worse among smokers than never-smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawad Javed
- Division of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Abdulaziz A Al-Kheraif
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Karem Salazar-Lazo
- Division of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Virginia Yanez-Fontenla
- Division of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Khalid M Aldosary
- Dental Department, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University
| | - Mohammed Alshehri
- Dental Department, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University
| | - Hans Malmstrom
- Division of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Georgios E Romanos
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
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Javed F, Al-Kheraif AA, Al Amri MD, Alshehri M, Vohra F, Al-Askar M, Malmstrom H, Romanos GE. Periodontal Status and Whole Salivary Cytokine Profile Among Smokers and Never-Smokers With and Without Prediabetes. J Periodontol 2015; 86:890-8. [PMID: 25672658 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2015.140593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whole salivary interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 in smokers and never-smokers with prediabetes remains uninvestigated. The aim of this study is to assess the periodontal status and whole salivary IL-1β and IL-6 levels among smokers and never-smokers with and without prediabetes (controls). METHODS Ninety-five males (45 with prediabetes and 50 systemically healthy controls) were included. Twenty-seven controls and 29 patients with prediabetes were smokers. Periodontal parameters (plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing depth, clinical attachment loss, and marginal bone loss) were measured, and the number of missing teeth were recorded. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were recorded. Unstimulated whole saliva samples were collected, unstimulated whole salivary flow rate (UWSFR) was determined, and IL-1β and IL-6 levels were measured. P values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS FBG (P <0.05) and HbA1c (P <0.05) levels were higher among patients with prediabetes than controls. All patients with prediabetes were hyperglycemic. UWSFR was significantly higher among controls than among patients with prediabetes (P <0.05). Periodontal parameters and whole salivary IL-1β and IL-6 levels were comparable among smokers and never-smokers with prediabetes. Among controls, periodontal parameters and whole salivary IL-1β and IL-6 levels were higher among smokers than never-smokers (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS Among controls, periodontal inflammation was worse, and whole salivary IL-1β and IL-6 levels are higher in smokers than never-smokers. Among patients with prediabetes, periodontal inflammation and whole salivary IL-1β and IL-6 levels were comparable between smokers and never-smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawad Javed
- Division of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Abdulaziz A Al-Kheraif
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad D Al Amri
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University
| | - Mohammed Alshehri
- Division of Restorative and Implant Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University
| | - Fahim Vohra
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University.,Department of Dentistry, Jinah Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mansour Al-Askar
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University
| | - Hans Malmstrom
- Division of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Georgios E Romanos
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
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Vohra F, Al-Kheraif AA, Almas K, Javed F. Comparison of Crestal Bone Loss Around Dental Implants Placed in Healed Sites Using Flapped and Flapless Techniques: A Systematic Review. J Periodontol 2015; 86:185-91. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2014.140355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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