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Undin M, Castro I. Predicting breeding systems to guide conservation strategies: A kiwi example. Ethology 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/eth.13286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Malin Undin
- Department of Natural Sciences Mid Sweden University Sundsvall Sweden
- Wildlife and Ecology Group, School of Agriculture and Environment Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand
| | - Isabel Castro
- Wildlife and Ecology Group, School of Agriculture and Environment Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand
- Wildbase Research Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand
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A Change in Conservation Status of Pachyphytum caesium (Crassulaceae), a Threatened Species from Central Mexico Based on Genetic Studies. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11030379. [PMID: 35336753 PMCID: PMC8945335 DOI: 10.3390/biology11030379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Species decline has accelerated in recent decades, with rare species often being the first to go extinct, mainly due to low population sizes. This study worked with Pachyphytum cesium (Crassulaceae), an endemic species from central Mexico threatened by human activities and climate change. To increase our knowledge of the species, we analyze the diversity and genetic structure of all known populations of P. caesium to change their current genetic status and propose conservation strategies. The results indicate that this species presents low to moderate levels of genetic diversity and incipiently structured populations due to low genetic flow. We found that genetic parameters are essential to the conservation strategies and status vulnerability reclassification. Based on our results, we propose reclassifying the conservation status of the species in danger of extinction; hence a series of conservation strategies are provided to prevent its disappearance. Abstract Genetic studies in rare species are important to determine their patterns of genetic diversity among populations and implement conservation plans aimed to reduce extinction risks. Pachyphytum caesium is an endemic species with extremely small populations in central Mexico. This work analyzes the diversity and genetic structure of Pachyphytum cesium (Crassulaceae) to change the conservation status and propose conservation strategies. Twelve dominant ISSR markers were used to describe the genetic diversity of all known populations. Additionally, we carried out two simulations to explore how the loss of individuals or the local populations extinction affect the genetics parameters of the species. The average results indicated moderate levels of genetic diversity (number of alleles = 89.7 ± 3.9, expected heterozygosity = 0.212 ± 0.0, and percentage of polymorphic loci = 56.1 ± 3.9), parameters that decreased significantly when simulations were performed in P. caesium. Additionally, a genetic structure of the populations was found with low gene flow (Nm = 0.92). Genetic parameters are negatively affected by the loss of individuals and the local extinction of populations. Based on our results, we propose to reclassify the conservation status of the species in danger of extinction, hence a series of conservation strategies are provided to prevent its disappearance.
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Undin M, Lockhart PJ, Hills SFK, Armstrong DP, Castro I. Mixed Mating in a Multi-Origin Population Suggests High Potential for Genetic Rescue in North Island Brown Kiwi, Apteryx mantelli. FRONTIERS IN CONSERVATION SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fcosc.2021.702128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reinforcement translocations are increasingly utilised in conservation with the goal of achieving genetic rescue. However, concerns regarding undesirable results, such as genetic homogenisation or replacement, are widespread. One factor influencing translocation outcomes is the rate at which the resident and the introduced individuals interbreed. Consequently, post-release mate choice is a key behaviour to consider in conservation planning. Here we studied mating, and its consequences for genomic admixture, in the North Island brown kiwi Apteryx mantelli population on Ponui Island which was founded by two translocation events over 50 years ago. The two source populations used are now recognised as belonging to two separate management units between which birds differ in size and are genetically differentiated. We examined the correlation between male and female morphometrics for 17 known pairs and quantified the relatedness of 20 pairs from this admixed population. In addition, we compared the genetic similarity and makeup of 106 Ponui Island birds, including 23 known pairs, to birds representing the source populations for the original translocations. We found no evidence for size-assortative mating. On the contrary, genomic SNP data suggested that kiwi of one feather did not flock together, meaning that mate choice resulted in pairing between individuals that were less related than expected by random chance. Furthermore, the birds in the current Ponui Island population were found to fall along a gradient of genomic composition consistent with non-clustered representation of the two parental genomes. These findings indicate potential for successful genetic rescue in future Apteryx reinforcement translocations, a potential that is currently under utilised due to restrictive translocation policies. In light of our findings, we suggest that reconsideration of these policies could render great benefits for the future diversity of this iconic genus in New Zealand.
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Genetic Consequences of Multiple Translocations of the Banded Hare-Wallaby in Western Australia. DIVERSITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/d12120448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Many Australian mammal species now only occur on islands and fenced mainland havens free from invasive predators. The range of one species, the banded hare-wallaby (Lagostrophus fasciatus), had contracted to two offshore islands in Western Australia. To improve survival, four conservation translocations have been attempted with mixed success, and all occurred in the absence of genetic information. Here, we genotyped seven polymorphic microsatellite markers in two source (Bernier Island and Dorre Island), two historic captive, and two translocated L. fasciatus populations to determine the impact of multiple translocations on genetic diversity. Subsequently, we used population viability analysis (PVA) and gene retention modelling to determine scenarios that will maximise demographic resilience and genetic richness of two new populations that are currently being established. One translocated population (Wadderin) has undergone a genetic bottleneck and lost 8.1% of its source population’s allelic diversity, while the other (Faure Island) may be inbred. We show that founder number is a key parameter when establishing new L. fasciatus populations and 100 founders should lead to high survival probabilities. Our modelling predicts that during periodic droughts, the recovery of source populations will be slower post-harvest, while 75% more animals—about 60 individuals—are required to retain adequate allelic diversity in the translocated population. Our approach demonstrates how genetic data coupled with simulations of stochastic environmental events can address central questions in translocation programmes.
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Grueber CE, Fox S, McLennan EA, Gooley RM, Pemberton D, Hogg CJ, Belov K. Complex problems need detailed solutions: Harnessing multiple data types to inform genetic management in the wild. Evol Appl 2019; 12:280-291. [PMID: 30697339 PMCID: PMC6346650 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
For bottlenecked populations of threatened species, supplementation often leads to improved population metrics (genetic rescue), provided that guidelines can be followed to avoid negative outcomes. In cases where no "ideal" source populations exist, or there are other complicating factors such as prevailing disease, the benefit of supplementation becomes uncertain. Bringing multiple data and analysis types together to plan genetic management activities can help. Here, we consider three populations of Tasmanian devil, Sarcophilus harrisii, as candidates for genetic rescue. Since 1996, devil populations have been severely impacted by devil facial tumour disease (DFTD), causing significant population decline and fragmentation. Like many threatened species, the key threatening process for devils cannot currently be fully mitigated, so species management requires a multifaceted approach. We examined diversity of 31 putatively neutral and 11 MHC-linked microsatellite loci of three remnant wild devil populations (one sampled at two time-points), alongside computational diversity projections, parameterized by field data from DFTD-present and DFTD-absent sites. Results showed that populations had low diversity, connectivity was poor, and diversity has likely decreased over the last decade. Stochastic simulations projected further diversity losses. For a given population size, the effects of DFTD on population demography (including earlier age at death and increased female productivity) did not impact diversity retention, which was largely driven by final population size. Population sizes ≥500 (depending on the number of founders) were necessary for maintaining diversity in otherwise unmanaged populations, even if DFTD is present. Models indicated that smaller populations could maintain diversity with ongoing immigration. Taken together, our results illustrate how multiple analysis types can be combined to address complex population genetic challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine E. Grueber
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental SciencesThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- San Diego Zoo GlobalSan DiegoCalifornia
| | - Samantha Fox
- Save the Tasmanian Devil ProgramDPIPWEHobartTasmaniaAustralia
- Toledo ZooToledoOhio
| | - Elspeth A. McLennan
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental SciencesThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Rebecca M. Gooley
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental SciencesThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - David Pemberton
- Save the Tasmanian Devil ProgramDPIPWEHobartTasmaniaAustralia
| | - Carolyn J. Hogg
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental SciencesThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Zoo and Aquarium Association AustralasiaMosmanNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Katherine Belov
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental SciencesThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
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Miller JM, Quinzin MC, Scheibe EH, Ciofi C, Villalva F, Tapia W, Caccone A. Genetic Pedigree Analysis of the Pilot Breeding Program for the Rediscovered Galapagos Giant Tortoise from Floreana Island. J Hered 2018; 109:620-630. [DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esy010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M Miller
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Maud C Quinzin
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Elizabeth H Scheibe
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Claudio Ciofi
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Fredy Villalva
- Galapagos Galapagos National Park Directorate, Puerto Ayora, Ecuador
| | - Washington Tapia
- Galapagos Galapagos National Park Directorate, Puerto Ayora, Ecuador
- Galapagos Conservancy, Fairfax, VA
| | - Adalgisa Caccone
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT
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Dussex N, Robertson BC. Contemporary effective population size and predicted maintenance of genetic diversity in the endangered kea (Nestor notabilis). NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/03014223.2017.1325381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Dussex
- Allan Wilson Centre for Molecular Ecology and Evolution, Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - B. C. Robertson
- Allan Wilson Centre for Molecular Ecology and Evolution, Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Steeves TE, Johnson JA, Hale ML. Maximising evolutionary potential in functional proxies for extinct species: a conservation genetic perspective on de‐extinction. Funct Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tammy E. Steeves
- School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Private Bag 4800 Christchurch8140 New Zealand
| | - Jeff A. Johnson
- Department of Biological Sciences and Institute of Applied Science University of North Texas 1155 Union Circle Denton TX76203 USA
| | - Marie L. Hale
- School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Private Bag 4800 Christchurch8140 New Zealand
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Population history and genetic bottlenecks in translocated Cook Strait giant weta, Deinacrida rugosa: recommendations for future conservation management. CONSERV GENET 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-016-0916-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Richardson KM, Ewen JG. Habitat selection in a reintroduced population: social effects differ between natal and post-release dispersal. Anim Conserv 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/acv.12257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K. M. Richardson
- Wildlife Ecology Group; Te Kura Mātauranga o ngā Taonga ā Papatuanuku; Massey University; Palmerston North New Zealand
- Institute of Zoology; Zoological Society of London; London UK
| | - J. G. Ewen
- Institute of Zoology; Zoological Society of London; London UK
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11
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Yao G, Zhu Y, Wan QH, Fang SG. Major histocompatibility complex class II genetic variation in forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii) in China. Anim Genet 2015; 46:535-43. [PMID: 26370614 DOI: 10.1111/age.12336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) plays an important role in the immune system of vertebrates. We used the second exon of four MHC class II genes (DRA, DQA1, DQA2 and DRB3) to assess the overall MHC variation in forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii). We also compared the MHC variation in captive and wild populations. We observed 22 alleles at four loci (four at DRA, four at DQA1, four at DQA2 and 10 at DRB3), 15 of which were newly identified alleles. Results suggest that forest musk deer maintain relatively high MHC variation, which may result from balancing selection. Moreover, considerable diversity was observed at the DRA locus. We found a high frequency of Mobe-DRA*02, Mobe-DQA1*01 and Mobe-DQA2*05 alleles, which may be important for pathogen resistance. A Ewens-Watterson test showed that the DRB3 locus in the wild population had experienced recent balancing selection. We detected a small divergence at the DRA locus, suggesting the effect of weak positive selection on the DRA gene. Alternatively, this locus may be young and not yet adapted a wide spectrum of alleles for pathogen resistance. The significant heterozygosity deficit observed at the DQA1 and DRB3 loci in the captive population and at all four loci in the wild population may be the result of a population bottleneck. Additionally, MHC genetic diversity was higher in the wild population than in the captive, suggesting that the wild population may have the ability to respond to a wider range of pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Yao
- The Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife of the Ministry of Education, and State Conservation Centre for Gene Resources of Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife of the Ministry of Education, and State Conservation Centre for Gene Resources of Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qiu-Hong Wan
- The Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife of the Ministry of Education, and State Conservation Centre for Gene Resources of Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Sheng-Guo Fang
- The Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife of the Ministry of Education, and State Conservation Centre for Gene Resources of Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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Reynolds MH, Pearce JM, Lavretsky P, Seixas PP, Courtot KN. Microsatellite variation and rare alleles in a bottlenecked Hawaiian Islands endemic: implications for reintroductions. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2015. [DOI: 10.3354/esr00681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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13
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Driscoll CC, Driscoll JG, Hazekamp C, Mitton JB, Wehausen JD. A tale of two markers: Population genetics of colorado rocky mountain bighorn sheep estimated from microsatellite and mitochondrial data. J Wildl Manage 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine C. Driscoll
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of Colorado; Campus Box 224, Boulder CO 80309-0334
| | | | - Corey Hazekamp
- University of Massachusetts; 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston MA 02125-3393
| | - Jeffry B. Mitton
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of Colorado; Campus Box 224, Boulder CO 80309-0334
| | - John D. Wehausen
- University of California San Diego; White Mountain Research Station; 3000 East Line Street, Bishop CA 93514
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Sutton JT, Robertson BC, Jamieson IG. MHC variation reflects the bottleneck histories of New Zealand passerines. Mol Ecol 2015; 24:362-73. [PMID: 25488544 DOI: 10.1111/mec.13039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Most empirical evidence suggests that balancing selection does not counter the effects of genetic drift in shaping postbottleneck major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genetic diversity when population declines are severe or prolonged. However, few studies have been able to include data from historical specimens, or to compare populations/species with different bottleneck histories. In this study, we examined MHC class II B and microsatellite diversity in four New Zealand passerine (songbird) species that experienced moderate to very severe declines. We compared diversity from historical samples (collected c. 1884-1938) to present-day populations. Using a Bayesian framework, we found that the change in genetic diversity from historical to contemporary samples was affected by three main factors: (i) whether the data were based on MHC or microsatellite markers, (ii) species (as a surrogate for bottleneck severity) and (iii) whether the comparison between historical and contemporary samples was made using historical samples originating from the mainland, or using historical samples originating from islands. The greatest losses in genetic diversity occurred for the most severely bottlenecked species, particularly between historical mainland and contemporary samples. Additionally, where loss of diversity occurred, the change was greater for MHC genes compared to microsatellite loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolene T Sutton
- Department of Zoology, Allan Wilson Centre for Molecular Ecology and Evolution, University of Otago, 340 Great King Street, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand; Department of Biology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Edmondson Hall, 2538 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, HI, 96822-2233, USA
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Greenbaum G, Templeton AR, Zarmi Y, Bar-David S. Allelic richness following population founding events--a stochastic modeling framework incorporating gene flow and genetic drift. PLoS One 2014; 9:e115203. [PMID: 25526062 PMCID: PMC4272294 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Allelic richness (number of alleles) is a measure of genetic diversity indicative of a population's long-term potential for adaptability and persistence. It is used less commonly than heterozygosity as a genetic diversity measure, partially because it is more mathematically difficult to take into account the stochastic process of genetic drift for allelic richness. This paper presents a stochastic model for the allelic richness of a newly founded population experiencing genetic drift and gene flow. The model follows the dynamics of alleles lost during the founder event and simulates the effect of gene flow on maintenance and recovery of allelic richness. The probability of an allele's presence in the population was identified as the relevant statistical property for a meaningful interpretation of allelic richness. A method is discussed that combines the probability of allele presence with a population's allele frequency spectrum to provide predictions for allele recovery. The model's analysis provides insights into the dynamics of allelic richness following a founder event, taking into account gene flow and the allele frequency spectrum. Furthermore, the model indicates that the “One Migrant per Generation” rule, a commonly used conservation guideline related to heterozygosity, may be inadequate for addressing preservation of diversity at the allelic level. This highlights the importance of distinguishing between heterozygosity and allelic richness as measures of genetic diversity, since focusing merely on the preservation of heterozygosity might not be enough to adequately preserve allelic richness, which is crucial for species persistence and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gili Greenbaum
- Department of Solar Energy and Environmental Physics, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
- Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
- * E-mail:
| | - Alan R. Templeton
- Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Institute of Evolution, and Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yair Zarmi
- Department of Solar Energy and Environmental Physics, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Shirli Bar-David
- Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
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Wright DJ, Spurgin LG, Collar NJ, Komdeur J, Burke T, Richardson DS. The impact of translocations on neutral and functional genetic diversity within and among populations of the Seychelles warbler. Mol Ecol 2014; 23:2165-77. [PMID: 24689851 PMCID: PMC4237152 DOI: 10.1111/mec.12740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Translocations are an increasingly common tool in conservation. The maintenance of genetic diversity through translocation is critical for both the short- and long-term persistence of populations and species. However, the relative spatio-temporal impacts of translocations on neutral and functional genetic diversity, and how this affects genetic structure among the conserved populations overall, have received little investigation. We compared the impact of translocating different numbers of founders on both microsatellite and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I diversity over a 23-year period in the Seychelles warbler (Acrocephalus sechellensis). We found low and stable microsatellite and MHC diversity in the source population and evidence for only a limited loss of either type of diversity in the four new populations. However, we found evidence of significant, but low to moderate, genetic differentiation between populations, with those populations established with fewer founders clustering separately. Stochastic genetic capture (as opposed to subsequent drift) was the main determinant of translocated population diversity. Furthermore, a strong correlation between microsatellite and MHC differentiation suggested that neutral processes outweighed selection in shaping MHC diversity in the new populations. These data provide important insights into how to optimize the use of translocation as a conservation tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Wright
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK; NERC Biomolecular Analysis Facility, Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
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Grueber CE, Wallis GP, Jamieson IG. Genetic drift outweighs natural selection at toll-like receptor (TLR) immunity loci in a re-introduced population of a threatened species. Mol Ecol 2013; 22:4470-82. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Graham P. Wallis
- Department of Zoology; University of Otago; PO Box 56 Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
| | - Ian G. Jamieson
- Department of Zoology; University of Otago; PO Box 56 Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
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Reynolds MH, Weiser E, Jamieson I, Hatfield JS. Demographic variation, reintroduction, and persistence of an island duck (Anas laysanensis
). J Wildl Manage 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle H. Reynolds
- U.S. Geological Survey; Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center; Kilauea Field Station Hawaii National Park HI 96718 USA
| | - Emily Weiser
- Allan Wilson Centre for Molecular Ecology and Evolution, Department of Zoology; University of Otago; Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
| | - Ian Jamieson
- Allan Wilson Centre for Molecular Ecology and Evolution, Department of Zoology; University of Otago; Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
| | - Jeff S. Hatfield
- U.S. Geological Survey; Patuxent Wildlife Research Center; Laurel MD 20708 USA
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