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Arslan D, Olivier A, İsfendiyaroğlu SC, Benedetti Y, Akdağ B, Çiçek K, Morelli F. Conservation of more evolutionary unique amphibian communities in Türkiye: The role of protected areas. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 368:122001. [PMID: 39116812 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
The alarming decline of amphibians, sometimes marked by sudden extinctions, underlines the urgent need for increased conservation efforts. Conservationists recognize that more action, particularly the setting of national targets, is needed to ensure the future persistence and recovery of species and habitats. Protecting habitats that harbor evolutionarily diverse species preserves divergent genetic information within ecosystems. Türkiye holds 36 amphibian species at the intersection of two continents, creating three biodiversity hotspots and phylogenetic transitional areas. In this study, we aimed to determine the hotspot regions and to evaluate the effectiveness of the protected areas in Türkiye in preserving amphibian populations. First, we estimated four community indexes (species richness and three evolutionary distinctiveness measures) for amphibian communities in Türkiye divided into 371 grid cells with a ca 50 × 50 km size. Then, the spatial extent of protected areas is evaluated from two perspectives: current (has a protection status) and candidate protected areas (Key Biodiversity Areas, not protected) coverage in those grid cells. Finally, these two approaches' effectiveness in protecting areas was assessed by modeling four diversity metrics using GLS models. Current protected areas protect about 6% of the total amphibian distribution in Türkiye, while Key Biodiversity Areas would cover 30% if declared protected areas. We estimated that the coastal areas of Türkiye are identified as hotspots based on the four measured amphibian community indexes. Our study also highlights that Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) can contribute to conserving high levels of amphibian richness and evolutionary distinctiveness of species across Türkiye. However, existing protected areas (PAs) networks were insufficient to protect amphibians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilara Arslan
- Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Kamýcká 129, CZ-165 00, Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Anthony Olivier
- Tour du Valat, Institut de Recherche pour la Conservation des Zones Humides Méditerranéennes, Le Sambuc, 13200, Arles, France
| | - Süreyya Cevat İsfendiyaroğlu
- İstanbul-Cerrahpasa University, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Entomology and Protection, Bahçeşehir, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Yanina Benedetti
- Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Kamýcká 129, CZ-165 00, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Burak Akdağ
- Section of Zoology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Kerim Çiçek
- Section of Zoology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye; Natural History Application and Research Centre, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Federico Morelli
- Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Kamýcká 129, CZ-165 00, Prague 6, Czech Republic; Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Prof. Szafrana St. 1, PL 65-16, Zielona Góra, Poland
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Zheng J, Arif M, He X, Liu X, Li C. Distinguishing the mechanisms driving multifaceted plant diversity in subtropical reservoir riparian zones. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1138368. [PMID: 36909398 PMCID: PMC9998900 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1138368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the multifaceted plant diversity and its maintenance mechanisms is crucial for biodiversity conservation. Dam-induced water level fluctuations dramatically alter various aspects of riparian diversity, such as taxonomic (TD), phylogenetic (PD), or functional (FD) diversity. However, few studies simultaneously evaluated plant TD, FD, and PD, especially in the subtropical reservoir riparian zone. Here we sampled plant diversity and environmental drivers along inundation gradients of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region in China. We integrated multifaceted plant diversity to assess how distinct ecological processes affect the plant community assembly and how they respond to inundation gradients, spatial variability, climate, and soils in dam-regulated riparian zones. We found that alpha TD, PD, and FD diversity exhibited decreasing trends with increasing inundation gradients and significant positive correlations with soil organic matter. The number of clustering plant communities increases along the inundation gradients. Beta TD and PD diversity were mainly dominated by species turnover with fewer contributions from nestedness, while beta FD diversity was mainly dominated by nestedness with fewer contributions from species turnover. The explainable rates of different dimensions of beta diversity, turnover, and nestedness ranged from 11% to 61%, with spatial factors explaining the highest beta diversity in different dimensions, followed by inundation gradients, soil properties, and climate variables. Our results suggest dispersal limitations are more important for species turnover in dam-regulated riparian zones at regional scales, while inundation gradients and soil fertility are more critical in shaping plant community assemblages at the local scale. This study emphasizes that environmental and spatial gradients are critical for understanding the assembly mechanisms driving multifaceted plant communities at local and regional scales and reinforces the importance of protecting seed sources and dispersal pathways and maintaining river connectivity when implementing restoration projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Muhammad Arif
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Biological Science Research Center, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinrui He
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Changxiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Biological Science Research Center, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Yang X, Zhang W, Qin F, Yu J, Xue T, Huang Y, Xu W, Wu J, Smets EF, Yu S. Biodiversity priority areas and conservation strategies for seed plants in China. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:962609. [PMID: 36035703 PMCID: PMC9412182 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.962609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
China is known for its abundant plant resources, but biodiversity conservation faces unprecedented challenges. To provide feasible suggestions for sustainable conservation, we used the species richness algorithm and complementary algorithm to study distribution patterns of 34,082 seed plants based on 1,007,196 county-level distribution records. We reconstructed a phylogenetic tree for 95.35% of species and estimated the spatial phylogenetics, followed by correlation analyses between different distribution patterns. We identified 264 counties concentrated in southern and south-western mountainous areas as hotspots which covered 10% of the land area of China and harbored 85.22% of the Chinese seed plant species. The biodiversity conservation priorities we identified were highly representative as we have considered multiple conservation indicators. We evaluated the conservation effectiveness and gaps in the network of nature reserves and identified 31.44, 32.95, and 9.47%, respectively, of the hotspot counties as gaps in the national nature reserves, provincial nature reserves and both together, with respectively 55.77, 61.53, and 28.94% of the species. Analysis of the species composition showed there were a large number of threatened and endemic species occurring in the nature reserves' gaps. The conservation gaps need to be filled by establishing new nature reserves or national parks, especially in south-western China, and more attentions should be paid to strengthen the conservation of specific plant taxa due to the apparent mismatches between different distribution patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wendi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianghong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Tiantian Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yunfeng Huang
- Guangxi Institute of Traditional Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Weibin Xu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuangzu Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin, China
| | - Jianyong Wu
- Centre for Biodiversity Conservation and Biosafety, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing, China
| | - Erik F. Smets
- Naturalis Biodiversity Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
- Ecology, Evolution and Biodiversity Conservation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Shengxiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Cruz-Elizalde R, Ochoa-Ochoa LM, Flores-Villela OA, Velasco JA. Taxonomic distinctiveness and phylogenetic variability of amphibians and reptiles in the cloud forest of Mexico. COMMUNITY ECOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s42974-022-00075-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Che X, Zhang M, Zhao X, Zhang Q, Zhao Y, Møller AP, Zou F. Long-term trends in the phylogenetic and functional diversity of Anatidae in South China coastal wetlands. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2021; 31:e02344. [PMID: 33817885 PMCID: PMC8459242 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Species loss has attracted much attention among scientists for more than half a century. However, we have little information on the trends in phylogenetic and functional changes behind the species loss although this information is always asynchronous and important for conservation and management. We measured community trends in Anatidae (ducks and geese) for the last 50 yr to quantify trends in phylogenetic and functional diversity patterns coinciding with taxonomic historical dynamics. We used one-way ANOVAs to test if there was a significant historical trend in communities of Anatidae. We characterized taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity of communities. For taxonomic diversity, we used species richness (SR). For phylogenetic diversity, we calculated the standardized effect size of mean pairwise distances (ses.MPD) and the standard effect size of mean nearest taxon distances (ses.MNTD) in communities. For functional diversity, we calculated functional richness (FRic), functional evenness (FEve), functional divergence (FDiv), and the community-level weighted means (CWM) of trait values for diet, foraging stratum, and body mass, separately. From the 1950s to 2010s, species richness declined without significant trends. The ses.MNTD of Anatidae communities showed no clear trends. However, ses.MPD of Anatidae communities declined dramatically during this period. For functional diversity, functional evenness of diet, foraging stratum, body mass, and functional dispersion of diet, foraging stratum did not increase or decline significantly. However, functional evenness of all traits, functional richness, and functional dispersion of body mass showed declined trends. The basic phylogenetic diversity and species body mass of Anatidae communities declined significantly because of a declining trend in the relative independent branch of geese. This makes it more challenging for implement community recovery in the future. More attention in conservation biology should consider taxonomic diversity and asynchrony in phylogenetic and functional diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianli Che
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource UtilizationGuangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and UtilizationInstitute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences105 west xingang roadGuangzhouGuangdong510260China
| | - Min Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource UtilizationGuangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and UtilizationInstitute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences105 west xingang roadGuangzhouGuangdong510260China
| | - Xuebing Zhao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource UtilizationGuangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and UtilizationInstitute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences105 west xingang roadGuangzhouGuangdong510260China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource UtilizationGuangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and UtilizationInstitute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences105 west xingang roadGuangzhouGuangdong510260China
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource UtilizationGuangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and UtilizationInstitute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences105 west xingang roadGuangzhouGuangdong510260China
| | - Anders Pape Møller
- Ecologie Systématique EvolutionUniversité Paris‐Sud, CNRSAgroParisTechUniversité Paris‐SaclayBâtiment 362ParisOrsay F‐91405France
| | - Fasheng Zou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource UtilizationGuangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and UtilizationInstitute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences105 west xingang roadGuangzhouGuangdong510260China
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Abreu‐Jardim TPF, Jardim L, Ballesteros‐Mejia L, Maciel NM, Collevatti RG. Predicting impacts of global climatic change on genetic and phylogeographical diversity of a Neotropical treefrog. DIVERS DISTRIB 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tatianne P. F. Abreu‐Jardim
- Laboratório de Genética & Biodiversidade Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) Goiânia Brazil
- Laboratório de Herpetologia e Comportamento Animal Departamento de Ecologia Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Goiás Goiânia Brazil
| | - Lucas Jardim
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) em Evolução e Conservação da Biodiversidade Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) Goiânia Brazil
| | - Liliana Ballesteros‐Mejia
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) UMR 7205 – CNRS MNHN UMPC EPHE Muséum National d'Histoire NaturelleSorbonne Université Paris France
| | - Natan M. Maciel
- Laboratório de Herpetologia e Comportamento Animal Departamento de Ecologia Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Goiás Goiânia Brazil
| | - Rosane G. Collevatti
- Laboratório de Genética & Biodiversidade Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) Goiânia Brazil
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Velazco SJE, Svenning J, Ribeiro BR, Laureto LMO. On opportunities and threats to conserve the phylogenetic diversity of Neotropical palms. DIVERS DISTRIB 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Santiago José Elías Velazco
- Instituto de Biología Subtropical Universidad Nacional de Misiones‐CONICET Puerto Iguazú Misiones N3370BFAArgentina
| | - Jean‐Christian Svenning
- Section of Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Department of Bioscience Aarhus University AarhusDK‐8000Denmark
- Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World (BIOCHANGE) Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University AarhusDK‐8000Denmark
| | - Bruno R. Ribeiro
- Programa de Pós‐Graduaçao Ecología e Evolução Instituto de Ciências Biológicas V, Universidade Federal de Goiás Goiânia Goiás 74.690‐900Brazil
| | - Livia Maira Orlandi Laureto
- Theoretical, Metacommunity and Landscape Ecology Laboratory Instituto de Ciências Biológicas V, Universidade Federal de Goiás Goiânia Goiás 74.690‐900Brazil
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Panlasigui S, Davis AJ, Mangiante MJ, Darling JA. Assessing threats of non-native species to native freshwater biodiversity: Conservation priorities for the United States. BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION 2018; 224:199-208. [PMID: 30245526 PMCID: PMC6145479 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2018.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Non-native species pose one of the greatest threats to native biodiversity, and can have severe negative impacts in freshwater ecosystems. Identifying regions of spatial overlap between high freshwater biodiversity and high invasion pressure may thus better inform the prioritization of freshwater conservation efforts. We employ geospatial analysis of species distribution data to investigate the potential threat of non-native species to aquatic animal taxa across the continental United States. We mapped non-native aquatic plant and animal species richness and cumulative invasion pressure to estimate overall negative impact associated with species introductions. These distributions were compared to distributions of native aquatic animal taxa derived from the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) database. To identify hotspots of native biodiversity we mapped total species richness, number of threatened and endangered species, and a community index of species rarity calculated at the watershed scale. An overall priority index allowed identification of watersheds experiencing high pressure from non-native species and also exhibiting high native biodiversity conservation value. While priority regions are roughly consistent with previously reported prioritization maps for the US, we also recognize novel priority areas characterized by moderate-to-high native diversity but extremely high invasion pressure. We further compared priority areas with existing conservation protections as well as projected future threats associated with land use change. Our findings suggest that many regions of elevated freshwater biodiversity value are compromised by high invasion pressure, and are poorly safeguarded by existing conservation mechanisms and are likely to experience significant additional stresses in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Panlasigui
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Engineering participant, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Amy J.S. Davis
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Engineering participant, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Michael J. Mangiante
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Engineering participant, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - John A. Darling
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, US Environmental Research Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
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