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Timóteo RP, Pessoa-Gonçalves YM, do Carmo Neto JR, Rodrigues WF, da Silva MV, Oliveira CJF. A Global View of Pemphigus: Geographical Variations. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2024; 66:14-29. [PMID: 38289514 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-024-08980-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Pemphigus, an autoimmune intraepidermal bullous disease group with roughly eight distinct forms, includes pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and pemphigus foliaceus (PF) as its predominant global forms. Despite the increased utilization of global health records and reporting systems, epidemiological data remain limited and poorly categorized. Therefore, this study aimed to conduct a review to track, identify, and characterize cases of PV and PF published and categorized worldwide. A research question was formulated; studies were selected based on the inclusion criteria; and data from these publications were systematically collected, summarized, and presented using narrative descriptions. The search strategy yielded 3,212 articles, of which 95 underwent critical analysis and data extraction. Studies from 52 countries contributed to the dataset, covering various pemphigus variants. Notably, only two countries, Iran (18.87%) and South Korea (11.43%), accounted for approximately a third of the reported PV cases, while Brazil contributed 40.25% of the foliaceus variants cases documented in the literature. These findings offer valuable insights into the global distribution of pemphigus and inform future research and healthcare efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Pessato Timóteo
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, 38025-180, Brazil
| | - Yago Marcos Pessoa-Gonçalves
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, 38025-180, Brazil
| | - José Rodrigues do Carmo Neto
- Department of Bioscience and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania, Goiás, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Wellington Francisco Rodrigues
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, 38025-180, Brazil
| | - Marcos Vinícius da Silva
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, 38025-180, Brazil
| | - Carlo José Freire Oliveira
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, 38025-180, Brazil.
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Uribe-Reina P, Muñoz-Ortiz J, Cifuentes-González C, Reyes-Guanes J, Terreros-Dorado JP, Zambrano-Romero W, López-Rojas C, Mantilla-Sylvain F, Mantilla-Hernández RD, de-la-Torre A. Ocular Manifestations in Colombian Patients with Systemic Rheumatologic Diseases. Clin Ophthalmol 2021; 15:2787-2802. [PMID: 34234401 PMCID: PMC8254180 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s306621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To establish the prevalence of ocular involvement in a Colombian population with rheumatologic diseases. Design Observational cross-sectional study. Methods We included a probabilistic sample size of 797 patients who attended a rheumatologic disease center in Bogotá, Colombia. Statistical analysis with descriptive measures and Chi-square independence test between rheumatologic diseases and ophthalmological symptoms and diseases was performed. Results Eighty-four percent of the population were women, and the mean age was 54.61± 15.64 years. The most common condition was rheumatoid arthritis (33.37%), followed by fibromyalgia (22.71%), Sjögren Syndrome (19.72%), and systemic lupus erythematosus (9.91%). Almost 7% of the patients presented polyautoimmunity. Thirty-five percent of the patients reported one or more ophthalmological symptoms, being dry eye sensation the most common (30.86%), followed by ocular pain (2.76%), red-eye, and decreased visual acuity (both 2.63%). Similarly, 21.45% of the patients presented one or more ophthalmological diagnoses, being keratoconjunctivitis sicca the most common (15.93%), followed by cataract, uveitis (1.38% each), and scleritis (1.25%). Conclusion Almost a third of the patients reported any ocular involvement. It is crucial to be aware of the most common ophthalmic manifestations among the different rheumatologic diseases in our population, to offer early specialist referral and timely treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Uribe-Reina
- Neuroscience Research Group "NeURos", Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.,Escuela Barraquer, Research Group, Escuela Superior de Oftalmología del Instituto Barraquer de América, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juliana Muñoz-Ortiz
- Neuroscience Research Group "NeURos", Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.,Escuela Barraquer, Research Group, Escuela Superior de Oftalmología del Instituto Barraquer de América, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carlos Cifuentes-González
- Neuroscience Research Group "NeURos", Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juliana Reyes-Guanes
- Escuela Barraquer, Research Group, Escuela Superior de Oftalmología del Instituto Barraquer de América, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan Pablo Terreros-Dorado
- Neuroscience Research Group "NeURos", Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - William Zambrano-Romero
- Neuroscience Research Group "NeURos", Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.,Fundación Para la Investigación en Dermatología y Reumatología (FUNINDERMA), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carolina López-Rojas
- Escuela Barraquer, Research Group, Escuela Superior de Oftalmología del Instituto Barraquer de América, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Fabien Mantilla-Sylvain
- Fundación Para la Investigación en Dermatología y Reumatología (FUNINDERMA), Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Alejandra de-la-Torre
- Neuroscience Research Group "NeURos", Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
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Thanapaisal S, Thariya P. <b><i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i></b> Panophthalmitis in Pemphigus Vulgaris: A Case Report. Case Rep Ophthalmol 2019; 10:235-243. [PMID: 31692572 PMCID: PMC6760350 DOI: 10.1159/000501847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A 47-year-old Thai man, who had recently been diagnosed with active pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and treated with oral prednisolone together with intravenous dexamethasone, presented with severe ocular pain and light perception vision of the left eye for 4 days. Ophthalmic examination revealed periorbital soft tissue swelling with marked intraocular inflammation in the left eye. Severe panophthalmitis was diagnosed. Enucleation was performed after failure of intravenous antibiotics administration. Vitreous culture revealed <i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i> but no primary source of infection was clearly identified. An immunocompromised status accompanied with corticosteroid treatment is a risk factor for septicemia. <i>A. hydrophila</i>panophthalmitis was detected in the PV patient, and this organism caused a rapid disease progression with poor visual prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhumal Thanapaisal
- *Sukhumal Thanapaisal, MD, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002 (Thailand), E-Mail
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Lee BWH, Tan JCK, Radjenovic M, Coroneo MT, Murrell DF. A review of scoring systems for ocular involvement in chronic cutaneous bullous diseases. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2018; 13:83. [PMID: 29789014 PMCID: PMC5964694 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-018-0823-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) and autoimmune blistering diseases (AIBD) describe a group of rare chronic dermatoses characterized by cutaneous fragility and blistering. Although uncommon, significant ocular surface disease (OSD) may occur in both and require ophthalmological assessment. Disease scoring systems have a critical role in providing objective and accurate assessment of disease severity. The objectives of this report were, firstly, to document the prevalence and severity of ocular involvement in EB/AIBD. Secondly, to review and evaluate existing ocular and systemic scoring systems for EB/AIBD. Finally, to identify areas where further development of ocular specific tools in EB/AIBD could be pursued. METHODS A literature search was performed in October 2017 utilising Medline, Embase, and Scopus databases. The results were restricted by date of publication, between 01.01.1950 and 31.10.2017. The reference lists of these articles were then reviewed for additional relevant publications. Articles of all languages were included if an English translation was available. Articles were excluded if they were duplicates, had no reference to ocular involvement in EB/AIBD or described ocular involvement in other diseases. RESULTS Descriptions of ocular involvement in EB/AIBD were identified in 88 peer-reviewed journal articles. Findings reported include but are not limited to: cicatrising conjunctivitis, meibomian gland dysfunction, dry eye disease, trichiasis, symblepharon, fornix fibrosis, keratopathy, ectropion/entropion, ankyloblepharon, corneal ulceration, visual impairment and blindness. Although scoring systems exist for assessment of OSD in mucous membrane pemphigoid, no such tools exist for the other AIBD subtypes or for EB. Several systemic scoring systems exist in the dermatological literature that are efficacious in grading overall EB/AIBD severity, but have limited inclusion of ocular features. To the best of our knowledge, there is no recognised or validated scoring systems which comprehensively stages or grades the spectrum of ocular manifestations in EB/AIBD. CONCLUSIONS There are a range of ocular complications documented in EB and AIBD. Development of a comprehensive ocular scoring system for EB/AIBD which incorporates the delineation between 'activity' and 'damage' would facilitate more objective patient assessment, improved longitudinal monitoring, comparison of intervention outcomes, and provide commonality for discussion of these patients due to the multidisciplinary nature of their care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendon W. H. Lee
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052 Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, 2031 Australia
- Department of Dermatology, Ground Floor, James Laws House, St George Hospital, Kogarah, Sydney, NSW 2217 Australia
- Ophthalmic Surgeons, Sydney, 2031 Australia
| | - Jeremy C. K. Tan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, 2031 Australia
| | - Melissa Radjenovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052 Australia
- Department of Dermatology, Ground Floor, James Laws House, St George Hospital, Kogarah, Sydney, NSW 2217 Australia
| | - Minas T. Coroneo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052 Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, 2031 Australia
- Ophthalmic Surgeons, Sydney, 2031 Australia
| | - Dedee F. Murrell
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052 Australia
- Department of Dermatology, Ground Floor, James Laws House, St George Hospital, Kogarah, Sydney, NSW 2217 Australia
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