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Fahlbusch JA, Czapanskiy MF, Calambokidis J, Cade DE, Abrahms B, Hazen EL, Goldbogen JA. Blue whales increase feeding rates at fine-scale ocean features. Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20221180. [PMID: 35975432 PMCID: PMC9382224 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.1180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine predators face the challenge of reliably finding prey that is patchily distributed in space and time. Predators make movement decisions at multiple spatial and temporal scales, yet we have a limited understanding of how habitat selection at multiple scales translates into foraging performance. In the ocean, there is mounting evidence that submesoscale (i.e. less than 100 km) processes drive the formation of dense prey patches that should hypothetically provide feeding hot spots and increase predator foraging success. Here, we integrated environmental remote-sensing with high-resolution animal-borne biologging data to evaluate submesoscale surface current features in relation to the habitat selection and foraging performance of blue whales in the California Current System. Our study revealed a consistent functional relationship in which blue whales disproportionately foraged within dynamic aggregative submesoscale features at both the regional and feeding site scales across seasons, regions and years. Moreover, we found that blue whale feeding rates increased in areas with stronger aggregative features, suggesting that these features indicate areas of higher prey density. The use of fine-scale, dynamic features by foraging blue whales underscores the need to take these features into account when designating critical habitat and may help inform strategies to mitigate the impacts of human activities for the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A. Fahlbusch
- Hopkins Marine Station, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA,Cascadia Research Collective, Olympia, WA, USA
| | - Max F. Czapanskiy
- Hopkins Marine Station, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
| | | | - David E. Cade
- Hopkins Marine Station, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
| | - Briana Abrahms
- Center for Ecosystem Sentinels, Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Elliott L. Hazen
- Hopkins Marine Station, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA,Environmental Research Division, NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Monterey, CA, USA
| | - Jeremy A. Goldbogen
- Hopkins Marine Station, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
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2
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Parker EJ, Koyama NF, Hill RA. Habitat selection of an endangered primate, the samango monkey ( Cercopithecus albogularis schwarzi): Integrating scales to prioritize habitat for wildlife management. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:8014-8026. [PMID: 34188868 PMCID: PMC8216889 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM As habitat loss continues to accelerate with global human population growth, identifying landscape characteristics that influence species occurrence is a key conservation priority in order to prevent global biodiversity loss. In South Africa, the arboreal samango monkey (Cercopithecus albogularis sp.) is threatened due to loss and fragmentation of the indigenous forests it inhabits. The aim of this study was to determine the habitat preferences of the samango monkey at different spatial scales, and to identify key conservation areas to inform management plans for this species. LOCATION This study was carried out in the western Soutpansberg Mountains, which represents the northernmost population of samango monkeys within South Africa, and the only endangered subspecies (C. a. schwarzi). METHODS We used sequentially collected GPS points from two samango monkey groups followed between 2012 and 2017 to quantify the used and available habitat for this species within the western Soutpansberg Mountains. We developed 2nd-order (selection of ranging area), 3rd-order (selection within range), and 4th-order (feeding site selection) resource selection functions (RSFs) to identify important habitat features at each scale. Through scale integration, we identified three key conservation areas for samango monkeys across Limpopo Province, South Africa. RESULTS Habitat productivity was the most important landscape variable predicting probability of use at each order of selection, indicating the dependence of these arboreal primates on tall-canopy indigenous forests. Critical habitat across Limpopo was highly fragmented, meaning complete isolation between subpopulations is likely. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Understanding the habitat characteristics that influence samango monkey distribution across South Africa is crucial for prioritizing critical habitat for this species. Our results indicated that large, contiguous patches of tall-canopy indigenous forest are fundamental to samango monkey persistence. As such, protected area expansion of large forest patches and creation of forest corridors are identified as key conservation interventions for this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin J. Parker
- School of Biological & Environmental SciencesLiverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolUK
- Primate and Predator ProjectLajuma Research CentreLouis TrichardtSouth Africa
| | - Nicola F. Koyama
- School of Biological & Environmental SciencesLiverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolUK
| | - Russell A. Hill
- Primate and Predator ProjectLajuma Research CentreLouis TrichardtSouth Africa
- Department of AnthropologyDurham UniversityDurhamUK
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of VendaThohoyandouSouth Africa
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3
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Cheeseman AE, Cohen JB, Ryan SJ, Whipps CM. Is conservation based on best available science creating an ecological trap for an imperiled lagomorph? Ecol Evol 2021; 11:912-930. [PMID: 33520175 PMCID: PMC7820145 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Habitat quality regulates fitness and population density, making it a key driver of population size. Hence, increasing habitat quality is often a primary goal of species conservation. Yet, assessments of fitness and density are difficult and costly to obtain. Therefore, species conservation often uses "best available science," extending inferences across taxa, space, or time, and inferring habitat quality from studies of habitat selection. However, there are scenarios where habitat selection is not reflective of habitat quality, and this can lead to maladaptive management strategies. The New England cottontail (Sylvilagus transitionalis) is an imperiled shrubland obligate lagomorph whose successful recovery hinges on creation of suitable habitat. Recovery of this species is also negatively impacted by the non-native eastern cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus), which can competitively exclude New England cottontails from preferred habitat. Herein, we evaluate habitat quality for adult and juvenile New England and eastern cottontails using survival and density as indicators. Our findings did not support selection following an ideal free distribution by New England cottontails. Instead, selected resources, which are a target of habitat management, were associated with low survival and density and pointed to a complex trade-off between density, survival, habitat, and the presence of eastern cottontails. Further, movement distance was inversely correlated with survival in both species, suggesting that habitat fragmentation limits the ability of cottontails to freely distribute based on habitat quality. While habitat did not directly regulate survival of juvenile cottontails, tick burden had a strong negative impact on juvenile cottontails in poor body condition. Given the complex interactions among New England cottontails, eastern cottontails, and habitat, directly assessing and accounting for factors that limit New England cottontail habitat quality in management plans is vital to their recovery. Our study demonstrates an example of management for possible ecological trap conditions via the application of incomplete knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda E. Cheeseman
- Department of Environmental and Forest BiologySUNY College of Environmental Science and ForestrySyracuseNYUSA
| | - Jonathan B. Cohen
- Department of Environmental and Forest BiologySUNY College of Environmental Science and ForestrySyracuseNYUSA
| | - Sadie J. Ryan
- Quantitative Disease Ecology and Conservation (QDEC) LabDepartment of GeographyUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
- Emerging Pathogens InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
- School of Life SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu‐NatalDurbanSouth Africa
| | - Christopher M. Whipps
- Department of Environmental and Forest BiologySUNY College of Environmental Science and ForestrySyracuseNYUSA
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4
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Robbins MM, Robbins AM. Variation in the social organization of gorillas: Life history and socioecological perspectives. Evol Anthropol 2018; 27:218-233. [PMID: 30325554 DOI: 10.1002/evan.21721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A focus of socioecological research is to understand how ecological, social, and life history factors influence the variability of social organization within and between species. The genus Gorilla exhibits variability in social organization with western gorilla groups being almost exclusively one-male, yet approximately 40% of mountain gorilla groups are multimale. We review five ultimate causes for the variability in social organization within and among gorilla populations: human disturbance, ecological constraints on group size, risk of infanticide, life history patterns, and population density. We find the most evidence for the ecological constraints and life history hypotheses, but an over-riding explanation remains elusive. The variability may hinge on variation in female dispersal patterns, as females seek a group of optimal size and with a good protector male. Our review illustrates the challenges of understanding why the social organization of closely related species may deviate from predictions based on socioecological and life history theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha M Robbins
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andrew M Robbins
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
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5
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Wynn-Grant R, Ginsberg JR, Lackey CW, Sterling EJ, Beckmann JP. Risky business: Modeling mortality risk near the urban-wildland interface for a large carnivore. Glob Ecol Conserv 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2018.e00443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Abrahms B, Scales KL, Hazen EL, Bograd SJ, Schick RS, Robinson PW, Costa DP. Mesoscale activity facilitates energy gain in a top predator. Proc Biol Sci 2018; 285:rspb.2018.1101. [PMID: 30135161 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2018.1101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
How animal movement decisions interact with the distribution of resources to shape individual performance is a key question in ecology. However, links between spatial and behavioural ecology and fitness consequences are poorly understood because the outcomes of individual resource selection decisions, such as energy intake, are rarely measured. In the open ocean, mesoscale features (approx. 10-100 km) such as fronts and eddies can aggregate prey and thereby drive the distribution of foraging vertebrates through bottom-up biophysical coupling. These productive features are known to attract predators, yet their role in facilitating energy transfer to top-level consumers is opaque. We investigated the use of mesoscale features by migrating northern elephant seals and quantified the corresponding energetic gains from the seals' foraging patterns at a daily resolution. Migrating elephant seals modified their diving behaviour and selected for mesoscale features when foraging. Daily energy gain increased significantly with increasing mesoscale activity, indicating that the physical environment can influence predator fitness at fine temporal scales. Results show that areas of high mesoscale activity not only attract top predators as foraging hotspots, but also lead to increased energy transfer across trophic levels. Our study provides evidence that the physical environment is an important factor in controlling energy flow to top predators by setting the stage for variation in resource availability. Such understanding is critical for assessing how changes in the environment and resource distribution will affect individual fitness and food web dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briana Abrahms
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental Research Division, Monterey, CA, USA .,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Kylie L Scales
- School of Science and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia
| | - Elliott L Hazen
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental Research Division, Monterey, CA, USA.,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Steven J Bograd
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental Research Division, Monterey, CA, USA
| | - Robert S Schick
- Marine Geospatial Ecology Lab, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Patrick W Robinson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Daniel P Costa
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
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7
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Orrick KD. Range size and drivers of African elephant ( Loxodonta africana) space use on Karongwe Private Game Reserve, South Africa. Afr J Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/aje.12500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine D. Orrick
- Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology Department; Columbia University; New York NY USA
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8
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Bryson-Morrison N, Tzanopoulos J, Matsuzawa T, Humle T. Activity and Habitat Use of Chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes verus) in the Anthropogenic Landscape of Bossou, Guinea, West Africa. INT J PRIMATOL 2017; 38:282-302. [PMID: 28546651 PMCID: PMC5422491 DOI: 10.1007/s10764-016-9947-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Many primate populations inhabit anthropogenic landscapes. Understanding their long-term ability to persist in such environments and associated real and perceived risks for both primates and people is essential for effective conservation planning. Primates in forest-agricultural mosaics often consume cultivars to supplement their diet, leading to potentially negative encounters with farmers. When crossing roads, primates also face the risk of encounters with people and collision with vehicles. Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) in Bossou, Guinea, West Africa, face such risks regularly. In this study, we aimed to examine their activity budget across habitat types and the influence of anthropogenic risks associated with cultivated fields, roads, and paths on their foraging behavior in noncultivated habitat. We conducted 6-h morning or afternoon follows daily from April 2012 to March 2013. Chimpanzees preferentially used forest habitat types for traveling and resting and highly disturbed habitat types for socializing. Wild fruit and crop availability influenced seasonal habitat use for foraging. Overall, chimpanzees preferred mature forest for all activities. They showed a significant preference for foraging at >200 m from cultivated fields compared to 0-100 m and 101-200 m, with no effect of habitat type or season, suggesting an influence of associated risk. Nevertheless, the chimpanzees did not actively avoid foraging close to roads and paths. Our study reveals chimpanzee reliance on different habitat types and the influence of human-induced pressures on their activities. Such information is critical for the establishment of effective land use management strategies in anthropogenic landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Bryson-Morrison
- School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NR UK
| | - Joseph Tzanopoulos
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NR UK
- Kent’s Interdisciplinary Centre for Spatial Studies (KISS), University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NR UK
| | - Tetsuro Matsuzawa
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506 Japan
| | - Tatyana Humle
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NR UK
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9
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Serckx A, Huynen MC, Beudels-Jamar RC, Vimond M, Bogaert J, Kühl HS. Bonobo nest site selection and the importance of predictor scales in primate ecology. Am J Primatol 2016; 78:1326-1343. [DOI: 10.1002/ajp.22585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Revised: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Serckx
- Primatology Research Group, Behavioral Biology Unit; University of Liege; Liege Belgium
- Conservation Biology Unit; Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences; Brussels Belgium
- Ecole Régionale Post-Universitaire d'Aménagement et de Gestion Intégrés des Forêts et Territoires Tropicaux; Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Department of Primatology; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology; Leipzig Germany
| | - Marie-Claude Huynen
- Primatology Research Group, Behavioral Biology Unit; University of Liege; Liege Belgium
| | | | - Marie Vimond
- Primatology Research Group, Behavioral Biology Unit; University of Liege; Liege Belgium
| | - Jan Bogaert
- Biodiversity and Landscape Architecture Unit, Gembloux AgroBio-Tech; University of Liege; Gembloux Belgium
| | - Hjalmar S. Kühl
- Department of Primatology; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology; Leipzig Germany
- German Center for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv); Leipzig Germany
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10
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Abrahms B, Sawyer SC, Jordan NR, McNutt JW, Wilson AM, Brashares JS. Does wildlife resource selection accurately inform corridor conservation? J Appl Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Briana Abrahms
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management University of California‐Berkeley 130 Mulford Hall #3114 Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Sarah C. Sawyer
- USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Region 1323 Club Drive Vallejo CA 94592 USA
| | - Neil R. Jordan
- Centre for Ecosystem Science School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
- Taronga Conservation Society Australia Taronga Western Plains Zoo Wildlife Reproduction Centre Obley Road Dubbo NSW 2830 Australia
- Botswana Predator Conservation Trust Private Bag 13 Maun Botswana
| | - J. Weldon McNutt
- Botswana Predator Conservation Trust Private Bag 13 Maun Botswana
| | - Alan M. Wilson
- Structure & Motion Lab Royal Veterinary College University of London Hatfield AL97TA UK
| | - Justin S. Brashares
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management University of California‐Berkeley 130 Mulford Hall #3114 Berkeley CA 94720 USA
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11
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Bond ML, Bradley C, Lee DE. Foraging habitat selection by California spotted owls after fire. J Wildl Manage 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.21112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Curt Bradley
- Center for Biological Diversity; PO Box 710 Tucson AZ 85702 USA
| | - Derek E. Lee
- Wild Nature Institute; PO Box 165 Hanover NH 03755 USA
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12
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Walker BL, Apa AD, Eichhoff K. Mapping and prioritizing seasonal habitats for greater sage‐grouse in Northwestern Colorado. J Wildl Manage 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brett L. Walker
- Colorado Parks and Wildlife711 Independent AvenueGrand JunctionCO81505USA
| | - Anthony D. Apa
- Colorado Parks and Wildlife711 Independent AvenueGrand JunctionCO81505USA
| | - Karin Eichhoff
- Colorado Parks and Wildlife317 W. Prospect AvenueFort CollinsCO80526USA
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13
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Terada S, Nackoney J, Sakamaki T, Mulavwa MN, Yumoto T, Furuichi T. Habitat use of bonobos (Pan paniscus) at Wamba: Selection of vegetation types for ranging, feeding, and night-sleeping. Am J Primatol 2015; 77:701-13. [DOI: 10.1002/ajp.22392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Revised: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeko Terada
- Primate Research Institute; Kyoto University; Inuyama Aichi Japan
| | - Janet Nackoney
- Department of Geographical Sciences; University of Maryland; College Park Maryland USA
| | - Tetsuya Sakamaki
- Primate Research Institute; Kyoto University; Inuyama Aichi Japan
| | - Mbangi Norbert Mulavwa
- Research Center for Ecology and Forestry; Ministry of Scientific Research; Mabali; Mbandaka D. R. Congo
| | - Takakazu Yumoto
- Primate Research Institute; Kyoto University; Inuyama Aichi Japan
| | - Takeshi Furuichi
- Primate Research Institute; Kyoto University; Inuyama Aichi Japan
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14
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Rothman JM. Nutritional geometry provides new insights into the interaction between food quality and demography in endangered wildlife. Funct Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M. Rothman
- Department of Anthropology Hunter College of the City University of New York 695 Park Avenue New York10065 USA
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15
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Imong I, Robbins MM, Mundry R, Bergl R, Kühl HS. Distinguishing ecological constraints from human activity in species range fragmentation: the case of Cross River gorillas. Anim Conserv 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/acv.12100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. Imong
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology; Leipzig Germany
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Nigeria Programme; Calabar Cross River State Nigeria
| | - M. M. Robbins
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology; Leipzig Germany
| | - R. Mundry
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology; Leipzig Germany
| | - R. Bergl
- North Carolina Zoological Park; Asheboro NC USA
| | - H. S. Kühl
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology; Leipzig Germany
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