1
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Welch H, Clavelle T, White TD, Cimino MA, Kroodsma D, Hazen EL. Unseen overlap between fishing vessels and top predators in the northeast Pacific. Sci Adv 2024; 10:eadl5528. [PMID: 38446890 PMCID: PMC10917345 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adl5528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Accurate assessments of human-wildlife risk associated with industrial fishing are critical for the conservation of marine top predators. Automatic Identification System (AIS) data provide a means of mapping fishing and estimating human-wildlife risk; however, risk can be obscured by gaps in the AIS record due to technical issues and intentional disabling. We assessed the extent to which unseen fishing vessel activity due to AIS gaps obscured estimates of overlap between fishing vessel activity and 14 marine predators including sharks, tunas, mammals, seabirds, and critically endangered leatherback turtles. Among vessels equipped with AIS in the northeast Pacific, up to 24% of total predator overlap with fishing vessel activity was unseen, and up to 36% was unseen for some individual species. Waters near 10°N had high unseen overlap with sharks yet low reported shark catch, revealing potential discrepancies in self-reported datasets. Accounting for unseen fishing vessel activity illuminates hidden human-wildlife risk, demonstrating challenges and solutions for transparent and sustainable marine fisheries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Welch
- Institute of Marine Science, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Monterey, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Megan A. Cimino
- Institute of Marine Science, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Monterey, CA, USA
| | | | - Elliott L. Hazen
- Institute of Marine Science, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Monterey, CA, USA
- Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
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2
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Fahlbusch JA, Cade DE, Hazen EL, Elliott ML, Saenz BT, Goldbogen JA, Jahncke J. Submesoscale coupling of krill and whales revealed by aggregative Lagrangian coherent structures. Proc Biol Sci 2024; 291:20232461. [PMID: 38378145 PMCID: PMC10878820 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.2461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
In the marine environment, dynamic physical processes shape biological productivity and predator-prey interactions across multiple scales. Identifying pathways of physical-biological coupling is fundamental to understand the functioning of marine ecosystems yet it is challenging because the interactions are difficult to measure. We examined submesoscale (less than 100 km) surface current features using remote sensing techniques alongside ship-based surveys of krill and baleen whale distributions in the California Current System. We found that aggregative surface current features, represented by Lagrangian coherent structures (LCS) integrated over temporal scales between 2 and 10 days, were associated with increased (a) krill density (up to 2.6 times more dense), (b) baleen whale presence (up to 8.3 times more likely) and (c) subsurface seawater density (at depths up to 10 m). The link between physical oceanography, krill density and krill-predator distributions suggests that LCS are important features that drive the flux of energy and nutrients across trophic levels. Our results may help inform dynamic management strategies aimed at reducing large whales ship strikes and help assess the potential impacts of environmental change on this critical ecosystem.
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Grants
- Funding for ACCESS was provided in part by the Angell Family Foundation, Bently Foundation, Bonnell Cove Foundation, Boring Family Foundation, California Sea Grant, Elinor Patterson Baker Trust, Faucett Catalyst Fund, Firedoll Foundation, Hellman Family Foundation, Moore Family Foundation, National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, Office of National Marine Sanctuaries, Pacific Life Foundation, Resources Legacy Fund, Thelma Doelger Trust for Animals and Point Blue donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A. Fahlbusch
- Hopkins Marine Station, Oceans Department, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
- Cascadia Research Collective, Olympia, WA, USA
| | - David E. Cade
- Hopkins Marine Station, Oceans Department, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
| | - Elliott L. Hazen
- Hopkins Marine Station, Oceans Department, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
- Ecosystem Science Division, NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Monterey, CA, USA
| | - Meredith L. Elliott
- California Current Group, Point Blue Conservation Science, Petaluma, CA, USA
| | | | - Jeremy A. Goldbogen
- Hopkins Marine Station, Oceans Department, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
| | - Jaime Jahncke
- California Current Group, Point Blue Conservation Science, Petaluma, CA, USA
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3
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Brodie S, Pozo Buil M, Welch H, Bograd SJ, Hazen EL, Santora JA, Seary R, Schroeder ID, Jacox MG. Ecological forecasts for marine resource management during climate extremes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7701. [PMID: 38052808 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43188-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Forecasting weather has become commonplace, but as society faces novel and uncertain environmental conditions there is a critical need to forecast ecology. Forewarning of ecosystem conditions during climate extremes can support proactive decision-making, yet applications of ecological forecasts are still limited. We showcase the capacity for existing marine management tools to transition to a forecasting configuration and provide skilful ecological forecasts up to 12 months in advance. The management tools use ocean temperature anomalies to help mitigate whale entanglements and sea turtle bycatch, and we show that forecasts can forewarn of human-wildlife interactions caused by unprecedented climate extremes. We further show that regionally downscaled forecasts are not a necessity for ecological forecasting and can be less skilful than global forecasts if they have fewer ensemble members. Our results highlight capacity for ecological forecasts to be explored for regions without the infrastructure or capacity to regionally downscale, ultimately helping to improve marine resource management and climate adaptation globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Brodie
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Monterey, CA, USA.
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, CA, USA.
- Environment, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Mercedes Pozo Buil
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Monterey, CA, USA
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, CA, USA
| | - Heather Welch
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Monterey, CA, USA
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, CA, USA
| | - Steven J Bograd
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Monterey, CA, USA
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, CA, USA
| | - Elliott L Hazen
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Monterey, CA, USA
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, CA, USA
| | - Jarrod A Santora
- Fisheries Ecology Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- Department of Applied Math, University of California, 1156, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Rachel Seary
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Monterey, CA, USA
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, CA, USA
- Fisheries Ecology Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Isaac D Schroeder
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Monterey, CA, USA
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, CA, USA
| | - Michael G Jacox
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Monterey, CA, USA
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, CA, USA
- Physical Sciences Laboratory, Earth System Research Laboratories, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO, USA
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4
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Welch H, Liu OR, Riekkola L, Abrahms B, Hazen EL, Samhouri JF. Selection of planning unit size in dynamic management strategies to reduce human-wildlife conflict. Conserv Biol 2023:e14201. [PMID: 37855129 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.14201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Conservation planning traditionally relies upon static reserves; however, there is increasing emphasis on dynamic management (DM) strategies that are flexible in space and time. Due to its novelty, DM lacks best practices to guide design and implementation. We assessed the effect of planning unit size in a DM tool designed to reduce entanglement of protected whales in vertical ropes of surface buoys attached to crab traps in the lucrative U.S. Dungeness crab (Metacarcinus magister) fishery. We conducted a retrospective analysis from 2009 to 2019 with modeled distributions of blue (Balaenoptera musculus) and humpback (Megaptera novaeangliae) whales and observed fisheries effort and revenue to evaluate the effect of 7 planning unit sizes on DM tool performance. We measured performance as avoided whale entanglement risk and protected fisheries revenue. Small planning units avoided up to $47 million of revenue loss and reduced entanglement risk by up to 25% compared to the large planning units currently in use by avoiding the incidental closure of areas with low biodiversity value and high fisheries revenue. However, large planning units were less affected by an unprecedented marine heat wave in 2014-2016 and by delays in information on the distributions of whales and the fishery. Our findings suggest that the choice of planning unit size will require decision-makers to navigate multiple socioecological considerations-rather than a one-size-fits-all approach-to separate wildlife from threats under a changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Welch
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, California, USA
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Owen R Liu
- NRC Research Associateship Program, Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Ocean Associates, Inc., Arlington, Virginia, USA
| | - Leena Riekkola
- NRC Research Associateship Program, Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Briana Abrahms
- Center for Ecosystem Sentinels, Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Elliott L Hazen
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, California, USA
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Jameal F Samhouri
- Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, USA
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5
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Welch H, Savoca MS, Brodie S, Jacox MG, Muhling BA, Clay TA, Cimino MA, Benson SR, Block BA, Conners MG, Costa DP, Jordan FD, Leising AW, Mikles CS, Palacios DM, Shaffer SA, Thorne LH, Watson JT, Holser RR, Dewitt L, Bograd SJ, Hazen EL. Impacts of marine heatwaves on top predator distributions are variable but predictable. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5188. [PMID: 37669922 PMCID: PMC10480173 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40849-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine heatwaves cause widespread environmental, biological, and socio-economic impacts, placing them at the forefront of 21st-century management challenges. However, heatwaves vary in intensity and evolution, and a paucity of information on how this variability impacts marine species limits our ability to proactively manage for these extreme events. Here, we model the effects of four recent heatwaves (2014, 2015, 2019, 2020) in the Northeastern Pacific on the distributions of 14 top predator species of ecological, cultural, and commercial importance. Predicted responses were highly variable across species and heatwaves, ranging from near total loss of habitat to a two-fold increase. Heatwaves rapidly altered political bio-geographies, with up to 10% of predicted habitat across all species shifting jurisdictions during individual heatwaves. The variability in predicted responses across species and heatwaves portends the need for novel management solutions that can rapidly respond to extreme climate events. As proof-of-concept, we developed an operational dynamic ocean management tool that predicts predator distributions and responses to extreme conditions in near real-time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Welch
- NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental Research Division, Monterey, CA, USA.
- Institute of Marine Science, UC Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.
| | - Matthew S Savoca
- Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
| | - Stephanie Brodie
- NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental Research Division, Monterey, CA, USA
- Institute of Marine Science, UC Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Michael G Jacox
- NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental Research Division, Monterey, CA, USA
- Institute of Marine Science, UC Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- NOAA, Physical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Barbara A Muhling
- Institute of Marine Science, UC Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Fisheries Resources Division, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Thomas A Clay
- NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental Research Division, Monterey, CA, USA
- Institute of Marine Science, UC Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- People and Nature, Environmental Defense Fund, Monterey, CA, USA
| | - Megan A Cimino
- NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental Research Division, Monterey, CA, USA
- Institute of Marine Science, UC Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Scott R Benson
- NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Marine Mammal and Turtle Division, Moss Landing, CA, USA
- Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, San Jose State University, Moss Landing, CA, USA
| | - Barbara A Block
- Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
| | - Melinda G Conners
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Daniel P Costa
- Institute of Marine Science, UC Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, UC Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Fredrick D Jordan
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Andrew W Leising
- NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental Research Division, Monterey, CA, USA
| | - Chloe S Mikles
- Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
| | - Daniel M Palacios
- Marine Mammal Institute, Oregon State University, Newport, OR, USA
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, Oregon State University, Newport, OR, USA
| | - Scott A Shaffer
- Department of Biological Sciences, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - Lesley H Thorne
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Jordan T Watson
- NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Auke Bay Laboratory, Juneau, AK, USA
- Pacific Islands Ocean Observing System, University of Hawai'i Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Rachel R Holser
- Institute of Marine Science, UC Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Lynn Dewitt
- NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental Research Division, Monterey, CA, USA
| | - Steven J Bograd
- NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental Research Division, Monterey, CA, USA
- Institute of Marine Science, UC Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Elliott L Hazen
- NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental Research Division, Monterey, CA, USA
- Institute of Marine Science, UC Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
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6
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Braun CD, Arostegui MC, Farchadi N, Alexander M, Afonso P, Allyn A, Bograd SJ, Brodie S, Crear DP, Culhane EF, Curtis TH, Hazen EL, Kerney A, Lezama-Ochoa N, Mills KE, Pugh D, Queiroz N, Scott JD, Skomal GB, Sims DW, Thorrold SR, Welch H, Young-Morse R, Lewison RL. Building use-inspired species distribution models: Using multiple data types to examine and improve model performance. Ecol Appl 2023; 33:e2893. [PMID: 37285072 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Species distribution models (SDMs) are becoming an important tool for marine conservation and management. Yet while there is an increasing diversity and volume of marine biodiversity data for training SDMs, little practical guidance is available on how to leverage distinct data types to build robust models. We explored the effect of different data types on the fit, performance and predictive ability of SDMs by comparing models trained with four data types for a heavily exploited pelagic fish, the blue shark (Prionace glauca), in the Northwest Atlantic: two fishery dependent (conventional mark-recapture tags, fisheries observer records) and two fishery independent (satellite-linked electronic tags, pop-up archival tags). We found that all four data types can result in robust models, but differences among spatial predictions highlighted the need to consider ecological realism in model selection and interpretation regardless of data type. Differences among models were primarily attributed to biases in how each data type, and the associated representation of absences, sampled the environment and summarized the resulting species distributions. Outputs from model ensembles and a model trained on all pooled data both proved effective for combining inferences across data types and provided more ecologically realistic predictions than individual models. Our results provide valuable guidance for practitioners developing SDMs. With increasing access to diverse data sources, future work should further develop truly integrative modeling approaches that can explicitly leverage the strengths of individual data types while statistically accounting for limitations, such as sampling biases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camrin D Braun
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Martin C Arostegui
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nima Farchadi
- Institute for Ecological Monitoring and Management, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | | | - Pedro Afonso
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA
- Okeanos and Institute of Marine Research, University of the Azores, Horta, Portugal
| | - Andrew Allyn
- Gulf of Maine Research Institute, Portland, Maine, USA
| | - Steven J Bograd
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, California, USA
| | - Stephanie Brodie
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, California, USA
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Daniel P Crear
- ECS Federal, in Support of National Marine Fisheries Service, Atlantic Highly Migratory Species Management Division, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Emmett F Culhane
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology-Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Joint Program in Oceanography-Applied Ocean Science and Engineering, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tobey H Curtis
- National Marine Fisheries Service, Atlantic Highly Migratory Species Management Division, Gloucester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elliott L Hazen
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, California, USA
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Alex Kerney
- Gulf of Maine Research Institute, Portland, Maine, USA
| | - Nerea Lezama-Ochoa
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, California, USA
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | | | - Dylan Pugh
- Gulf of Maine Research Institute, Portland, Maine, USA
| | - Nuno Queiroz
- Research Network in Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal
- Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, The Laboratory, Plymouth, UK
| | - James D Scott
- NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado, USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Gregory B Skomal
- Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries, New Bedford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David W Sims
- Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, The Laboratory, Plymouth, UK
- Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre Southampton, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Simon R Thorrold
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Heather Welch
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, California, USA
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | | | - Rebecca L Lewison
- Institute for Ecological Monitoring and Management, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
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7
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Liu OR, Ward EJ, Anderson SC, Andrews KS, Barnett LA, Brodie S, Carroll G, Fiechter J, Haltuch MA, Harvey CJ, Hazen EL, Hernvann PY, Jacox M, Kaplan IC, Matson S, Norman K, Pozo Buil M, Selden RL, Shelton A, Samhouri JF. Species redistribution creates unequal outcomes for multispecies fisheries under projected climate change. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadg5468. [PMID: 37595038 PMCID: PMC10438463 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg5468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Climate change drives species distribution shifts, affecting the availability of resources people rely upon for food and livelihoods. These impacts are complex, manifest at local scales, and have diverse effects across multiple species. However, for wild capture fisheries, current understanding is dominated by predictions for individual species at coarse spatial scales. We show that species-specific responses to localized environmental changes will alter the collection of co-occurring species within established fishing footprints along the U.S. West Coast. We demonstrate that availability of the most economically valuable, primary target species is highly likely to decline coastwide in response to warming and reduced oxygen concentrations, while availability of the most abundant, secondary target species will potentially increase. A spatial reshuffling of primary and secondary target species suggests regionally heterogeneous opportunities for fishers to adapt by changing where or what they fish. Developing foresight into the collective responses of species at local scales will enable more effective and tangible adaptation pathways for fishing communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen R. Liu
- Ocean Associates Inc., under contract to the Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Blvd. E., Seattle, WA 98112, USA
- NRC Research Associateship Program, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Blvd. E., Seattle, WA 98112, USA
| | - Eric J. Ward
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA 98112, USA
- Affiliate Faculty, School of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Sean C. Anderson
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Pacific Biological Station, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kelly S. Andrews
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA 98112, USA
| | - Lewis A. K. Barnett
- Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA 98115, USA
| | - Stephanie Brodie
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, CA 93940, USA
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Monterey, CA 95064, USA
| | | | - Jerome Fiechter
- Ocean Sciences Department, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Melissa A. Haltuch
- Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA 98115, USA
| | - Chris J. Harvey
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA 98112, USA
| | - Elliott L. Hazen
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, CA 93940, USA
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Monterey, CA 95064, USA
| | - Pierre-Yves Hernvann
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Monterey, CA 95064, USA
| | - Michael Jacox
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, CA 93940, USA
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Monterey, CA 95064, USA
- Ocean Sciences Department, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Isaac C. Kaplan
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA 98112, USA
| | - Sean Matson
- Sustainable Fisheries Division, West Coast Region, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA 98115, USA
| | - Karma Norman
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA 98112, USA
| | - Mercedes Pozo Buil
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, CA 93940, USA
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Monterey, CA 95064, USA
| | - Rebecca L. Selden
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA
| | - Andrew Shelton
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA 98112, USA
| | - Jameal F. Samhouri
- Affiliate Faculty, School of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Courtesy Faculty, College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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8
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Braun CD, Lezama-Ochoa N, Farchadi N, Arostegui MC, Alexander M, Allyn A, Bograd SJ, Brodie S, Crear DP, Curtis TH, Hazen EL, Kerney A, Mills KE, Pugh D, Scott JD, Welch H, Young-Morse R, Lewison RL. Widespread habitat loss and redistribution of marine top predators in a changing ocean. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadi2718. [PMID: 37556548 PMCID: PMC10411898 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi2718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The Northwest Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico are among the fastest warming ocean regions, a trend that is expected to continue through this century with far-reaching implications for marine ecosystems. We examine the distribution of 12 highly migratory top predator species using predictive models and project expected habitat changes using downscaled climate models. Our models predict widespread losses of suitable habitat for most species, concurrent with substantial northward displacement of core habitats >500 km. These changes include up to >70% loss of suitable habitat area for some commercially and ecologically important species. We also identify predicted hot spots of multi-species habitat loss focused offshore of the U.S. Southeast and Mid-Atlantic coasts. For several species, the predicted changes are already underway, which are likely to have substantial impacts on the efficacy of static regulatory frameworks used to manage highly migratory species. The ongoing and projected effects of climate change highlight the urgent need to adaptively and proactively manage dynamic marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camrin D. Braun
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - Nerea Lezama-Ochoa
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, CA 93940, USA
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Nima Farchadi
- Institute for Ecological Monitoring and Management, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Martin C. Arostegui
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | | | - Andrew Allyn
- Gulf of Maine Research Institute, Portland, ME 04101, USA
| | - Steven J. Bograd
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, CA 93940, USA
| | - Stephanie Brodie
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, CA 93940, USA
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Daniel P. Crear
- ECS Federal, in Support of National Marine Fisheries Service, Atlantic Highly Migratory Species Management Division, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Tobey H. Curtis
- National Marine Fisheries Service, Atlantic Highly Migratory Species Management Division, Gloucester, MA 01930, USA
| | - Elliott L. Hazen
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, CA 93940, USA
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Alex Kerney
- Gulf of Maine Research Institute, Portland, ME 04101, USA
| | | | - Dylan Pugh
- Gulf of Maine Research Institute, Portland, ME 04101, USA
| | - James D. Scott
- NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Heather Welch
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, CA 93940, USA
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | | | - Rebecca L. Lewison
- Institute for Ecological Monitoring and Management, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
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9
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Fennie HW, Seary R, Muhling BA, Bograd SJ, Brodie S, Cimino MA, Hazen EL, Jacox MG, McHuron EA, Melin S, Santora JA, Suca JJ, Thayer JA, Thompson AR, Warzybok P, Tommasi D. An anchovy ecosystem indicator of marine predator foraging and reproduction. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20222326. [PMID: 36750186 PMCID: PMC9904941 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.2326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Forage fishes are key energy conduits that transfer primary and secondary productivity to higher trophic levels. As novel environmental conditions caused by climate change alter ecosystems and predator-prey dynamics, there is a critical need to understand how forage fish control bottom-up forcing of food web dynamics. In the northeast Pacific, northern anchovy (Engraulis mordax) is an important forage species with high interannual variability in population size that subsequently impacts the foraging and reproductive ecology of marine predators. Anchovy habitat suitability from a species distribution model (SDM) was assessed as an indicator of the diet, distribution and reproduction of four predator species. Across 22 years (1998-2019), this anchovy ecosystem indicator (AEI) was significantly positively correlated with diet composition of all species and the distribution of common murres (Uria aalge), Brandt's cormorants (Phalacrocorax penicillatus) and California sea lions (Zalophus californianus), but not rhinoceros auklets (Cerorhinca monocerata). The capacity for the AEI to explain variability in predator reproduction varied by species but was strongest with cormorants and sea lions. The AEI demonstrates the utility of forage SDMs in creating ecosystem indicators to guide ecosystem-based management.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. William Fennie
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California-Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
- Fisheries Resources Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric and Administration, 8901 La Jolla Shores Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037-1508, USA
| | - Rachel Seary
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California-Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 99 Pacific Street, Suite 255A, Monterey, CA 93940-7200, USA
| | - Barbara A. Muhling
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California-Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
- Fisheries Resources Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric and Administration, 8901 La Jolla Shores Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037-1508, USA
| | - Steven J. Bograd
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 99 Pacific Street, Suite 255A, Monterey, CA 93940-7200, USA
| | - Stephanie Brodie
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California-Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 99 Pacific Street, Suite 255A, Monterey, CA 93940-7200, USA
| | - Megan A. Cimino
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California-Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 99 Pacific Street, Suite 255A, Monterey, CA 93940-7200, USA
| | - Elliott L. Hazen
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 99 Pacific Street, Suite 255A, Monterey, CA 93940-7200, USA
| | - Michael G. Jacox
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 99 Pacific Street, Suite 255A, Monterey, CA 93940-7200, USA
- Physical Sciences Division, Earth System Research Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric and Administration, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. McHuron
- Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies, University of Washington, 3737 Brooklyn Avenue NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Sharon Melin
- California Current Ecosystems Program, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Mammal Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115, USA
| | - Jarrod A. Santora
- Fisheries Ecology Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 110 McAllister Way, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA
- Department of Applied Math, University of California-Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Justin J. Suca
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California-Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 99 Pacific Street, Suite 255A, Monterey, CA 93940-7200, USA
| | - Julie A. Thayer
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California-Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
- Farallon Institute for Advanced Ecosystem Research, 101 H Street, Suite Q, Petaluma, CA 94952, USA
| | - Andrew R. Thompson
- Fisheries Resources Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric and Administration, 8901 La Jolla Shores Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037-1508, USA
| | - Pete Warzybok
- Point Blue Conservation Science, 3820 Cypress Drive Suite 11, Petaluma, CA 94954, USA
| | - Desiree Tommasi
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California-Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
- Fisheries Resources Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric and Administration, 8901 La Jolla Shores Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037-1508, USA
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10
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Bograd SJ, Jacox MG, Hazen EL, Lovecchio E, Montes I, Pozo Buil M, Shannon LJ, Sydeman WJ, Rykaczewski RR. Climate Change Impacts on Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems. Ann Rev Mar Sci 2023; 15:303-328. [PMID: 35850490 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-marine-032122-021945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The world's eastern boundary upwelling systems (EBUSs) contribute disproportionately to global ocean productivity and provide critical ecosystem services to human society. The impact of climate change on EBUSs and the ecosystems they support is thus a subject of considerable interest. Here, we review hypotheses of climate-driven change in the physics, biogeochemistry, and ecology of EBUSs; describe observed changes over recent decades; and present projected changes over the twenty-first century. Similarities in historical and projected change among EBUSs include a trend toward upwelling intensification in poleward regions, mitigatedwarming in near-coastal regions where upwelling intensifies, and enhanced water-column stratification and a shoaling mixed layer. However, there remains significant uncertainty in how EBUSs will evolve with climate change, particularly in how the sometimes competing changes in upwelling intensity, source-water chemistry, and stratification will affect productivity and ecosystem structure. We summarize the commonalities and differences in historical and projected change in EBUSs and conclude with an assessment of key remaining uncertainties and questions. Future studies will need to address these questions to better understand, project, and adapt to climate-driven changes in EBUSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Bograd
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, California, USA; , ,
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA;
| | - Michael G Jacox
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, California, USA; , ,
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA;
- Physical Sciences Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Elliott L Hazen
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, California, USA; , ,
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA;
| | | | | | - Mercedes Pozo Buil
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, California, USA; , ,
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA;
| | - Lynne J Shannon
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa;
| | | | - Ryan R Rykaczewski
- Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA;
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11
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Goetz KT, Dinniman MS, Hückstädt LA, Robinson PW, Shero MR, Burns JM, Hofmann EE, Stammerjohn SE, Hazen EL, Ainley DG, Costa DP. Seasonal habitat preference and foraging behaviour of post-moult Weddell seals in the western Ross Sea. R Soc Open Sci 2023; 10:220500. [PMID: 36704255 PMCID: PMC9874274 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.220500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) are important predators in the Southern Ocean and are among the best-studied pinnipeds on Earth, yet much still needs to be learned about their year-round movements and foraging behaviour. Using biologgers, we tagged 62 post-moult Weddell seals in McMurdo Sound and vicinity between 2010 and 2012. Generalized additive mixed models were used to (i) explain and predict the probability of seal presence and foraging behaviour from eight environmental variables, and (ii) examine foraging behaviour in relation to dive metrics. Foraging probability was highest in winter and lowest in summer, and foraging occurred mostly in the water column or just above the bottom; across all seasons, seals preferentially exploited the shallow banks and deeper troughs of the Ross Sea, the latter providing a pathway for Circumpolar Deep Water to flow onto the shelf. In addition, the probability of Weddell seal occurrence and foraging increased with increasing bathymetric slope and where water depth was typically less than 600 m. Although the probability of occurrence was higher closer to the shelf break, foraging was higher in areas closer to shore and over banks. This study highlights the importance of overwinter foraging for recouping body mass lost during the previous summer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly T. Goetz
- Marine Mammal Laboratory, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, 100 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA
| | - Michael S. Dinniman
- Center for Coastal Physical Oceanography, Old Dominion University, 4111 Monarch Way, 3 floor, Norfolk, VA 23508 USA
| | - Luis A. Hückstädt
- Center for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Patrick W. Robinson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, 100 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA
| | - Michelle R. Shero
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Road, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA
| | - Jennifer M. Burns
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Box 43131, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Eileen E. Hofmann
- Center for Coastal Physical Oceanography, Old Dominion University, 4111 Monarch Way, 3 floor, Norfolk, VA 23508 USA
| | - Sharon E. Stammerjohn
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Campus Box 450, Boulder, CO 80309-0450, USA
| | - Elliott L. Hazen
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, 100 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, 99 Pacific Street, Suite 255A, Monterey, CA 93940, USA
| | - David G. Ainley
- H.T. Harvey and Associates Ecological Consultants, 983 University Avenue, Building D, Los Gatos, CA 95032, USA
| | - Daniel P. Costa
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, 100 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA
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12
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Halpern BS, Boettiger C, Dietze MC, Gephart JA, Gonzalez P, Grimm NB, Groffman PM, Gurevitch J, Hobbie SE, Komatsu KJ, Kroeker KJ, Lahr HJ, Lodge DM, Lortie CJ, Lowndes JSS, Micheli F, Possingham HP, Ruckelshaus MH, Scarborough C, Wood CL, Wu GC, Aoyama L, Arroyo EE, Bahlai CA, Beller EE, Blake RE, Bork KS, Branch TA, Brown NEM, Brun J, Bruna EM, Buckley LB, Burnett JL, Castorani MCN, Cheng SH, Cohen SC, Couture JL, Crowder LB, Dee LE, Dias AS, Diaz‐Maroto IJ, Downs MR, Dudney JC, Ellis EC, Emery KA, Eurich JG, Ferriss BE, Fredston A, Furukawa H, Gagné SA, Garlick SR, Garroway CJ, Gaynor KM, González AL, Grames EM, Guy‐Haim T, Hackett E, Hallett LM, Harms TK, Haulsee DE, Haynes KJ, Hazen EL, Jarvis RM, Jones K, Kandlikar GS, Kincaid DW, Knope ML, Koirala A, Kolasa J, Kominoski JS, Koricheva J, Lancaster LT, Lawlor JA, Lowman HE, Muller‐Karger FE, Norman KEA, Nourn N, O'Hara CC, Ou SX, Padilla‐Gamino JL, Pappalardo P, Peek RA, Pelletier D, Plont S, Ponisio LC, Portales‐Reyes C, Provete DB, Raes EJ, Ramirez‐Reyes C, Ramos I, Record S, Richardson AJ, Salguero‐Gómez R, Satterthwaite EV, Schmidt C, Schwartz AJ, See CR, Shea BD, Smith RS, Sokol ER, Solomon CT, Spanbauer T, Stefanoudis PV, Sterner BW, Sudbrack V, Tonkin JD, Townes AR, Valle M, Walter JA, Wheeler KI, Wieder WR, Williams DR, Winter M, Winterova B, Woodall LC, Wymore AS, Youngflesh C. Priorities for synthesis research in ecology and environmental science. Ecosphere 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin S. Halpern
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis University of California Santa Barbara California USA
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management University of California Santa Barbara California USA
| | - Carl Boettiger
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management University of California Berkeley California USA
| | - Michael C. Dietze
- Department of Earth & Environment Boston University Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Jessica A. Gephart
- Department of Environmental Science American University Washington District of Columbia USA
| | - Patrick Gonzalez
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management University of California Berkeley California USA
- Institute for Parks, People, and Biodiversity University of California Berkeley California USA
| | - Nancy B. Grimm
- School of Life Sciences Arizona State University Tempe Arizona USA
| | - Peter M. Groffman
- City University of New York Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center New York New York USA
- Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies Millbrook New York USA
| | - Jessica Gurevitch
- Department of Ecology and Evolution Stony Brook University Stony Brook New York USA
| | - Sarah E. Hobbie
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior University of Minnesota St. Paul Minnesota USA
| | | | - Kristy J. Kroeker
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz California USA
| | - Heather J. Lahr
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis University of California Santa Barbara California USA
| | - David M. Lodge
- Cornell Atkinson Center for Sustainability Cornell University Ithaca New York USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Cornell University Ithaca New York USA
| | - Christopher J. Lortie
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis University of California Santa Barbara California USA
- Department of Biology York University Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Julie S. S. Lowndes
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis University of California Santa Barbara California USA
| | - Fiorenza Micheli
- Hopkins Marine Station, Oceans Department Stanford University Pacific Grove California USA
- Stanford Center for Ocean Solutions Pacific Grove California USA
| | - Hugh P. Possingham
- Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science (CBCS) The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | | | - Courtney Scarborough
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis University of California Santa Barbara California USA
| | - Chelsea L. Wood
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
| | - Grace C. Wu
- Environmental Studies University of California Santa Barbara California USA
| | - Lina Aoyama
- Environmental Studies Program and Department of Biology University of Oregon Eugene Oregon USA
| | - Eva E. Arroyo
- Department of Ecology Evolution and Environmental Biology New York New York USA
| | | | - Erin E. Beller
- Real Estate and Workplace Services Sustainability Team Google Inc. Mountain View California USA
| | | | | | - Trevor A. Branch
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
| | - Norah E. M. Brown
- Department of Biology University of Victoria Victoria British Columbia Canada
| | - Julien Brun
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis University of California Santa Barbara California USA
| | - Emilio M. Bruna
- Department of Wildlife Ecology & Conservation University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA
| | - Lauren B. Buckley
- Department of Biology University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
| | - Jessica L. Burnett
- Core Science Systems Science Analytics and Synthesis U.S. Geological Survey, 8th and Kipling, Denver Federal Center Lakewood Colorado USA
| | - Max C. N. Castorani
- Department of Environmental Sciences University of Virginia Charlottesville Virginia USA
| | - Samantha H. Cheng
- Center for Biodiversity and Conservation American Museum of Natural History New York New York USA
| | - Sarah C. Cohen
- Estuary and Ocean Science Center, Biology Department San Francisco State University San Francisco California USA
| | | | - Larry B. Crowder
- Hopkins Marine Station, Oceans Department Stanford University Pacific Grove California USA
| | - Laura E. Dee
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Colorado Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Arildo S. Dias
- Department of Physical Geography (IPG) Goethe‐Universität Frankfurt (Campus Riedberg) Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | | | - Martha R. Downs
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis University of California Santa Barbara California USA
| | - Joan C. Dudney
- Department of Plant Sciences UC Davis Davis California USA
| | - Erle C. Ellis
- Geography & Environmental Systems University of Maryland Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Kyle A. Emery
- Department of Geography UC Los Angeles Los Angeles California USA
| | | | - Bridget E. Ferriss
- Resource Ecology and Fisheries Management Division Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA Seattle Washington USA
| | - Alexa Fredston
- Department of Ocean Sciences University of California Santa Cruz California USA
| | - Hikaru Furukawa
- School of Earth and Space Exploration Arizona State University Tempe Arizona USA
| | - Sara A. Gagné
- Department of Geography and Earth Sciences University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte North Carolina USA
| | | | - Colin J. Garroway
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba Canada
| | - Kaitlyn M. Gaynor
- Departments of Zoology and Botany University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Angélica L. González
- Department of Biology & Center for Computational and Integrative Biology Rutgers University Camden New Jersey USA
| | - Eliza M. Grames
- Department of Biology University of Nevada, Reno Reno Nevada USA
| | - Tamar Guy‐Haim
- National Institute of Oceanography Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research (IOLR) Haifa Israel
| | - Ed Hackett
- School of Human Evolution & Social Change Arizona State University Tempe Arizona USA
| | - Lauren M. Hallett
- Environmental Studies Program and Department of Biology University of Oregon Eugene Oregon USA
| | - Tamara K. Harms
- Institute of Arctic Biology and Department of Biology & Wildlife University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks Alaska USA
| | - Danielle E. Haulsee
- Hopkins Marine Station, Oceans Department Stanford University Pacific Grove California USA
| | - Kyle J. Haynes
- Blandy Experimental Farm University of Virginia Boyce Virginia USA
| | - Elliott L. Hazen
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz California USA
| | - Rebecca M. Jarvis
- School of Science Auckland University of Technology Auckland New Zealand
| | | | - Gaurav S. Kandlikar
- Division of Biological Sciences & Division of Plant Sciences University of Missouri Columbia Missouri USA
| | - Dustin W. Kincaid
- Vermont EPSCoR and Gund Institute for Environment University of Vermont Burlington Vermont USA
| | - Matthew L. Knope
- Department of Biology University of Hawai'i at Hilo Hilo Hawaii USA
| | - Anil Koirala
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources University of Georgia Athens Georgia USA
| | - Jurek Kolasa
- Department of Biology McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada
| | - John S. Kominoski
- Institute of Environment Florida International University Miami Florida USA
| | - Julia Koricheva
- Department of Biological Sciences Royal Holloway University of London Surrey UK
| | | | - Jake A. Lawlor
- Department of Biology McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Heili E. Lowman
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science University of Nevada, Reno Reno Nevada USA
| | | | - Kari E. A. Norman
- Département de sciences biologiques Université de Montréal Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Nan Nourn
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA
| | - Casey C. O'Hara
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management University of California Santa Barbara California USA
| | - Suzanne X. Ou
- Department of Biology Stanford University Stanford California USA
| | | | - Paula Pappalardo
- Marine Invasions Laboratory Smithsonian Environmental Research Center Tiburon California USA
| | - Ryan A. Peek
- Center for Watershed Sciences University of California Davis California USA
| | - Dominique Pelletier
- UMR DECOD, HALGO, Département Ressources Biologiques et Environnement Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer Lorient France
| | - Stephen Plont
- Department of Biological Sciences Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg Virginia USA
| | - Lauren C. Ponisio
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Department of Biology University of Oregon Eugene Oregon USA
| | | | - Diogo B. Provete
- Instituto de Biociências Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul Campo Grande Brazil
| | - Eric J. Raes
- Minderoo Foundation, Flourishing Oceans Nedlands Western Australia Australia
| | | | - Irene Ramos
- Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad (CONABIO) Mexico City Mexico
| | - Sydne Record
- Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Conservation Biology University of Maine Orono Maine USA
| | - Anthony J. Richardson
- School of Mathematics and Physics University of Queensland St Lucia Queensland Australia
| | | | - Erin V. Satterthwaite
- California Sea Grant Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego La Jolla California USA
| | - Chloé Schmidt
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba Canada
| | - Aaron J. Schwartz
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Colorado Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Craig R. See
- Center for Ecosystem Science and Society Northern Arizona University Flagstaff Arizona USA
| | - Brendan D. Shea
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation Virginia Tech Blacksburg Virginia USA
| | - Rachel S. Smith
- Department of Environmental Sciences University of Virginia Charlottesville Virginia USA
| | - Eric R. Sokol
- Battelle, National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) Boulder Colorado USA
| | | | - Trisha Spanbauer
- Department of Environmental Sciences/Lake Erie Center University of Toledo Toledo Ohio USA
| | | | | | - Vitor Sudbrack
- Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Jonathan D. Tonkin
- School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Ashley R. Townes
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
| | - Mireia Valle
- AZTI, Marine Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Sukarrieta Spain
| | - Jonathan A. Walter
- Center for Watershed Sciences University of California Davis California USA
| | - Kathryn I. Wheeler
- Department of Earth & Environment Boston University Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - William R. Wieder
- Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, Terrestrial Sciences Section National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder Colorado USA
| | - David R. Williams
- Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and Environment University of Leeds Leeds UK
| | - Marten Winter
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
| | - Barbora Winterova
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
| | - Lucy C. Woodall
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
| | - Adam S. Wymore
- Department of Natural Resources and the Environment University of New Hampshire Durham New Hampshire USA
| | - Casey Youngflesh
- Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior Program Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA
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13
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Jordan FD, Shaffer SA, Conners MG, Stepanuk JEF, Gilmour ME, Clatterbuck CA, Hazen EL, Palacios DM, Tremblay Y, Antolos M, Foley DG, Bograd SJ, Costa DP, Thorne LH. Divergent post-breeding spatial habitat use of Laysan and black-footed albatross. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.1028317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the at-sea movements of wide-ranging seabird species throughout their annual cycle is essential for their conservation and management. Habitat use and resource partitioning of Laysan (Phoebastria immutabilis) and black-footed (Phoebastria nigripes) albatross are well-described during the breeding period but are less understood during the post-breeding period, which represents ~40% of their annual cycle. Resource partitioning may be reduced during post-breeding, when birds are not constrained to return to the nest site regularly and can disperse to reduce competitive pressure. We assessed the degree of spatial segregation in the post-breeding distributions of Laysan (n = 82) and black-footed albatrosses (n = 61) using geolocator tags between 2008 and 2012 from two large breeding colonies in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, Midway Atoll, and Tern Island. We characterized the species-and colony-specific foraging and focal distributions (represented by the 95 and 50th density contours, respectively) and quantified segregation in at-sea habitat use between species and colonies. Laysan and black-footed albatross showed consistent and significant at-sea segregation in focal areas across colonies, indicating that resource partitioning persists during post-breeding. Within breeding colonies, segregation of foraging areas between the two species was more evident for birds breeding at Tern Island. Spatial segregation decreased as the post-breeding season progressed, when spatial distributions of both species became more dispersed. In contrast to studies conducted on breeding Laysan and black-footed albatross, we found that sea surface temperature distinguished post-breeding habitats of black-footed albatrosses between colonies, with black-footed albatrosses from Midway Atoll occurring in cooler waters (3.6°C cooler on average). Our results reveal marked at-sea segregation between Laysan and black-footed albatross breeding at two colonies during a critical but understudied phase in their annual cycle. The observed variation in species-environment relationships underscores the importance of sampling multiple colonies and temporal periods to more thoroughly understand the spatial distributions of pelagic seabirds.
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14
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Welch H, Clavelle T, White TD, Cimino MA, Van Osdel J, Hochberg T, Kroodsma D, Hazen EL. Hot spots of unseen fishing vessels. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabq2109. [PMID: 36322660 PMCID: PMC9629714 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq2109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing incurs an annual cost of up to US$25 billion in economic losses, results in substantial losses of aquatic life, and has been linked to human rights violations. Vessel tracking data from the automatic identification system (AIS) are powerful tools for combating IUU, yet AIS transponders can be disabled, reducing its efficacy as a surveillance tool. We present a global dataset of AIS disabling in commercial fisheries, which obscures up to 6% (>4.9 M hours) of vessel activity. Disabling hot spots were located near the exclusive economic zones (EEZs) of Argentina and West African nations and in the Northwest Pacific, all regions of IUU concern. Disabling was highest near transshipment hot spots and near EEZ boundaries, particularly contested ones. We also found links between disabling and location hiding from competitors and pirates. These inferences on where and why activities are obscured provide valuable information to improve fisheries management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Welch
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA 95064
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, CA, USA 93940
| | | | | | - Megan A. Cimino
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA 95064
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, CA, USA 93940
| | | | | | | | - Elliott L. Hazen
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA 95064
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, CA, USA 93940
- Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA
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15
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Brodie S, Smith JA, Muhling BA, Barnett LAK, Carroll G, Fiedler P, Bograd SJ, Hazen EL, Jacox MG, Andrews KS, Barnes CL, Crozier LG, Fiechter J, Fredston A, Haltuch MA, Harvey CJ, Holmes E, Karp MA, Liu OR, Malick MJ, Pozo Buil M, Richerson K, Rooper CN, Samhouri J, Seary R, Selden RL, Thompson AR, Tommasi D, Ward EJ, Kaplan IC. Recommendations for quantifying and reducing uncertainty in climate projections of species distributions. Glob Chang Biol 2022; 28:6586-6601. [PMID: 35978484 PMCID: PMC9805044 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Projecting the future distributions of commercially and ecologically important species has become a critical approach for ecosystem managers to strategically anticipate change, but large uncertainties in projections limit climate adaptation planning. Although distribution projections are primarily used to understand the scope of potential change-rather than accurately predict specific outcomes-it is nonetheless essential to understand where and why projections can give implausible results and to identify which processes contribute to uncertainty. Here, we use a series of simulated species distributions, an ensemble of 252 species distribution models, and an ensemble of three regional ocean climate projections, to isolate the influences of uncertainty from earth system model spread and from ecological modeling. The simulations encompass marine species with different functional traits and ecological preferences to more broadly address resource manager and fishery stakeholder needs, and provide a simulated true state with which to evaluate projections. We present our results relative to the degree of environmental extrapolation from historical conditions, which helps facilitate interpretation by ecological modelers working in diverse systems. We found uncertainty associated with species distribution models can exceed uncertainty generated from diverging earth system models (up to 70% of total uncertainty by 2100), and that this result was consistent across species traits. Species distribution model uncertainty increased through time and was primarily related to the degree to which models extrapolated into novel environmental conditions but moderated by how well models captured the underlying dynamics driving species distributions. The predictive power of simulated species distribution models remained relatively high in the first 30 years of projections, in alignment with the time period in which stakeholders make strategic decisions based on climate information. By understanding sources of uncertainty, and how they change at different forecast horizons, we provide recommendations for projecting species distribution models under global climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Brodie
- Institute of Marine SciencesUniversity of California Santa CruzMontereyCaliforniaUSA
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationMontereyCaliforniaUSA
| | - James A. Smith
- Institute of Marine SciencesUniversity of California Santa CruzMontereyCaliforniaUSA
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Barbara A. Muhling
- Institute of Marine SciencesUniversity of California Santa CruzMontereyCaliforniaUSA
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Lewis A. K. Barnett
- Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | | | - Paul Fiedler
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Steven J. Bograd
- Institute of Marine SciencesUniversity of California Santa CruzMontereyCaliforniaUSA
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationMontereyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Elliott L. Hazen
- Institute of Marine SciencesUniversity of California Santa CruzMontereyCaliforniaUSA
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationMontereyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Michael G. Jacox
- Institute of Marine SciencesUniversity of California Santa CruzMontereyCaliforniaUSA
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationMontereyCaliforniaUSA
- Physical Sciences Laboratory, Earth System Research LaboratoriesNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationBoulderColoradoUSA
| | - Kelly S. Andrews
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Cheryl L. Barnes
- Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean, and Ecosystem StudiesUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Lisa G. Crozier
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Jerome Fiechter
- Ocean Sciences DepartmentUniversity of California Santa CruzSanta CruzCaliforniaUSA
| | - Alexa Fredston
- Ocean Sciences DepartmentUniversity of California Santa CruzSanta CruzCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Natural ResourcesRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
| | - Melissa A. Haltuch
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Chris J. Harvey
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Elizabeth Holmes
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Melissa A. Karp
- ECS Tech, in support of, NOAA Fisheries Office of Science and TechnologySilver SpringMarylandUSA
| | - Owen R. Liu
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Michael J. Malick
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Mercedes Pozo Buil
- Institute of Marine SciencesUniversity of California Santa CruzMontereyCaliforniaUSA
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationMontereyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Kate Richerson
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | | | - Jameal Samhouri
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Rachel Seary
- Institute of Marine SciencesUniversity of California Santa CruzMontereyCaliforniaUSA
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationMontereyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Rebecca L. Selden
- Department of Biological SciencesWellesley CollegeWellesleyMassachusettsUSA
| | - Andrew R. Thompson
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Desiree Tommasi
- Institute of Marine SciencesUniversity of California Santa CruzMontereyCaliforniaUSA
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Eric J. Ward
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Isaac C. Kaplan
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationSeattleWashingtonUSA
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16
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Fahlbusch JA, Czapanskiy MF, Calambokidis J, Cade DE, Abrahms B, Hazen EL, Goldbogen JA. Blue whales increase feeding rates at fine-scale ocean features. Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20221180. [PMID: 35975432 PMCID: PMC9382224 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.1180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine predators face the challenge of reliably finding prey that is patchily distributed in space and time. Predators make movement decisions at multiple spatial and temporal scales, yet we have a limited understanding of how habitat selection at multiple scales translates into foraging performance. In the ocean, there is mounting evidence that submesoscale (i.e. less than 100 km) processes drive the formation of dense prey patches that should hypothetically provide feeding hot spots and increase predator foraging success. Here, we integrated environmental remote-sensing with high-resolution animal-borne biologging data to evaluate submesoscale surface current features in relation to the habitat selection and foraging performance of blue whales in the California Current System. Our study revealed a consistent functional relationship in which blue whales disproportionately foraged within dynamic aggregative submesoscale features at both the regional and feeding site scales across seasons, regions and years. Moreover, we found that blue whale feeding rates increased in areas with stronger aggregative features, suggesting that these features indicate areas of higher prey density. The use of fine-scale, dynamic features by foraging blue whales underscores the need to take these features into account when designating critical habitat and may help inform strategies to mitigate the impacts of human activities for the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A. Fahlbusch
- Hopkins Marine Station, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA,Cascadia Research Collective, Olympia, WA, USA
| | - Max F. Czapanskiy
- Hopkins Marine Station, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
| | | | - David E. Cade
- Hopkins Marine Station, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
| | - Briana Abrahms
- Center for Ecosystem Sentinels, Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Elliott L. Hazen
- Hopkins Marine Station, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA,Environmental Research Division, NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Monterey, CA, USA
| | - Jeremy A. Goldbogen
- Hopkins Marine Station, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
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17
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Dale JJ, Brodie S, Carlisle AB, Castleton M, Hazen EL, Bograd SJ, Block BA. Global habitat loss of a highly migratory predator, the blue marlin (
Makaira nigricans
). DIVERS DISTRIB 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan J. Dale
- Department of Biology Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University Pacific Grove California USA
| | - Stephanie Brodie
- Institute of Marine Science, Fisheries Collaborative Program University of California Santa Cruz Monterey California USA
- Environmental Research Division Southwest Fisheries Science Centre, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Monterey California USA
| | - Aaron B. Carlisle
- School of Marine Science and Policy University of Delaware Lewes Delaware USA
| | - Michael Castleton
- Department of Biology Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University Pacific Grove California USA
| | - Elliott L. Hazen
- Department of Biology Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University Pacific Grove California USA
- Institute of Marine Science, Fisheries Collaborative Program University of California Santa Cruz Monterey California USA
- Environmental Research Division Southwest Fisheries Science Centre, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Monterey California USA
| | - Steven J. Bograd
- Institute of Marine Science, Fisheries Collaborative Program University of California Santa Cruz Monterey California USA
- Environmental Research Division Southwest Fisheries Science Centre, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Monterey California USA
| | - Barbara A. Block
- Department of Biology Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University Pacific Grove California USA
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18
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Jacox MG, Alexander MA, Amaya D, Becker E, Bograd SJ, Brodie S, Hazen EL, Pozo Buil M, Tommasi D. Global seasonal forecasts of marine heatwaves. Nature 2022; 604:486-490. [PMID: 35444322 PMCID: PMC9021020 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04573-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Marine heatwaves (MHWs)—periods of exceptionally warm ocean temperature lasting weeks to years—are now widely recognized for their capacity to disrupt marine ecosystems1–3. The substantial ecological and socioeconomic impacts of these extreme events present significant challenges to marine resource managers4–7, who would benefit from forewarning of MHWs to facilitate proactive decision-making8–11. However, despite extensive research into the physical drivers of MHWs11,12, there has been no comprehensive global assessment of our ability to predict these events. Here we use a large multimodel ensemble of global climate forecasts13,14 to develop and assess MHW forecasts that cover the world’s oceans with lead times of up to a year. Using 30 years of retrospective forecasts, we show that the onset, intensity and duration of MHWs are often predictable, with skilful forecasts possible from 1 to 12 months in advance depending on region, season and the state of large-scale climate modes, such as the El Niño/Southern Oscillation. We discuss considerations for setting decision thresholds based on the probability that a MHW will occur, empowering stakeholders to take appropriate actions based on their risk profile. These results highlight the potential for operational MHW forecasts, analogous to forecasts of extreme weather phenomena, to promote climate resilience in global marine ecosystems. Climate forecast systems are used to develop and evaluate global predictions of marine heatwaves (MHWs), highlighting the feasibility of predicting MHWs and providing a foundation for operational MHW forecasts to support climate adaptation and resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Jacox
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Monterey, CA, USA. .,NOAA Physical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA. .,University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.
| | | | - Dillon Amaya
- NOAA Physical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | - Steven J Bograd
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Monterey, CA, USA.,University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Stephanie Brodie
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Monterey, CA, USA.,University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Elliott L Hazen
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Monterey, CA, USA.,University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Mercedes Pozo Buil
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Monterey, CA, USA.,University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Desiree Tommasi
- University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.,NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, La Jolla, CA, USA
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19
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Hammerschlag N, McDonnell LH, Rider MJ, Street GM, Hazen EL, Natanson LJ, McCandless CT, Boudreau MR, Gallagher AJ, Pinsky ML, Kirtman B. Ocean warming alters the distributional range, migratory timing, and spatial protections of an apex predator, the tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvier). Glob Chang Biol 2022; 28:1990-2005. [PMID: 35023247 PMCID: PMC9305416 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Given climate change threats to ecosystems, it is critical to understand the responses of species to warming. This is especially important in the case of apex predators since they exhibit relatively high extinction risk, and changes to their distribution could impact predator-prey interactions that can initiate trophic cascades. Here we used a combined analysis of animal tracking, remotely sensed environmental data, habitat modeling, and capture data to evaluate the effects of climate variability and change on the distributional range and migratory phenology of an ectothermic apex predator, the tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvier). Tiger sharks satellite tracked in the western North Atlantic between 2010 and 2019 revealed significant annual variability in the geographic extent and timing of their migrations to northern latitudes from ocean warming. Specifically, tiger shark migrations have extended farther poleward and arrival times to northern latitudes have occurred earlier in the year during periods with anomalously high sea-surface temperatures. A complementary analysis of nearly 40 years of tiger shark captures in the region revealed decadal-scale changes in the distribution and timing of shark captures in parallel with long-term ocean warming. Specifically, areas of highest catch densities have progressively increased poleward and catches have occurred earlier in the year off the North American shelf. During periods of anomalously high sea-surface temperatures, movements of tracked sharks shifted beyond spatial management zones that had been affording them protection from commercial fishing and bycatch. Taken together, these study results have implications for fisheries management, human-wildlife conflict, and ecosystem functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Hammerschlag
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric ScienceUniversity of MiamiMiamiFloridaUSA
- Leonard & Jayne Abess Center for Ecosystem Science and PolicyUniversity of MiamiCoral GablesFloridaUSA
| | - Laura H. McDonnell
- Leonard & Jayne Abess Center for Ecosystem Science and PolicyUniversity of MiamiCoral GablesFloridaUSA
| | - Mitchell J. Rider
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric ScienceUniversity of MiamiMiamiFloridaUSA
| | - Garrett M. Street
- Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and AquacultureMississippi State UniversityStarkvilleMississippiUSA
- Quantitative Ecology and Spatial Technologies LaboratoryMississippi State UniversityStarkvilleMississippiUSA
| | - Elliott L. Hazen
- Environmental Research DivisionNOAA Southwest Fisheries Science CenterMontereyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Lisa J. Natanson
- National Marine Fisheries ServiceNarragansett LaboratoryNOAA Northeast Fisheries Science CenterNarragansettRhode IslandUSA
| | - Camilla T. McCandless
- National Marine Fisheries ServiceNarragansett LaboratoryNOAA Northeast Fisheries Science CenterNarragansettRhode IslandUSA
| | - Melanie R. Boudreau
- Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and AquacultureMississippi State UniversityStarkvilleMississippiUSA
- Quantitative Ecology and Spatial Technologies LaboratoryMississippi State UniversityStarkvilleMississippiUSA
| | | | - Malin L. Pinsky
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Natural ResourcesRutgers, The State University of New JerseyNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
| | - Ben Kirtman
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric ScienceUniversity of MiamiMiamiFloridaUSA
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20
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Samhouri JF, Feist BE, Fisher MC, Liu O, Woodman SM, Abrahms B, Forney KA, Hazen EL, Lawson D, Redfern J, Saez LE. Marine heatwave challenges solutions to human-wildlife conflict. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20211607. [PMID: 34847764 PMCID: PMC8634617 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.1607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the increasing frequency and magnitude of extreme climate events, little is known about how their impacts flow through social and ecological systems or whether management actions can dampen deleterious effects. We examined how the record 2014-2016 Northeast Pacific marine heatwave influenced trade-offs in managing conflict between conservation goals and human activities using a case study on large whale entanglements in the U.S. west coast's most lucrative fishery (the Dungeness crab fishery). We showed that this extreme climate event diminished the power of multiple management strategies to resolve trade-offs between entanglement risk and fishery revenue, transforming near win-win to clear win-lose outcomes (for whales and fishers, respectively). While some actions were more cost-effective than others, there was no silver-bullet strategy to reduce the severity of these trade-offs. Our study highlights how extreme climate events can exacerbate human-wildlife conflict, and emphasizes the need for innovative management and policy interventions that provide ecologically and socially sustainable solutions in an era of rapid environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jameal F Samhouri
- Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Blake E Feist
- Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mary C Fisher
- Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA.,School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Owen Liu
- NRC Research Associateship Program, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Samuel M Woodman
- Ocean Associates, Inc., under contract to Marine Mammal and Turtle Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Briana Abrahms
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, CA, USA.,Department of Biology, Center for Ecosystem Sentinels, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Karin A Forney
- Marine Mammal and Turtle Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Moss Landing, CA, USA.,Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, San Jose State University, Moss Landing, CA, USA
| | - Elliott L Hazen
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, CA, USA
| | - Dan Lawson
- Protected Resources Division, West Coast Regional Office, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Long Beach, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Redfern
- Marine Mammal and Turtle Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Moss Landing, CA, USA.,Anderson Cabot Center for Ocean Life, New England Aquarium, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lauren E Saez
- Ocean Associates, Inc., under contract to Protected Resources Division, West Coast Regional Office, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Long Beach, CA, USA
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21
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Savoca MS, Czapanskiy MF, Kahane-Rapport SR, Gough WT, Fahlbusch JA, Bierlich KC, Segre PS, Di Clemente J, Penry GS, Wiley DN, Calambokidis J, Nowacek DP, Johnston DW, Pyenson ND, Friedlaender AS, Hazen EL, Goldbogen JA. Baleen whale prey consumption based on high-resolution foraging measurements. Nature 2021; 599:85-90. [PMID: 34732868 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03991-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Baleen whales influence their ecosystems through immense prey consumption and nutrient recycling1-3. It is difficult to accurately gauge the magnitude of their current or historic ecosystem role without measuring feeding rates and prey consumed. To date, prey consumption of the largest species has been estimated using metabolic models3-9 based on extrapolations that lack empirical validation. Here, we used tags deployed on seven baleen whale (Mysticeti) species (n = 321 tag deployments) in conjunction with acoustic measurements of prey density to calculate prey consumption at daily to annual scales from the Atlantic, Pacific, and Southern Oceans. Our results suggest that previous studies3-9 have underestimated baleen whale prey consumption by threefold or more in some ecosystems. In the Southern Ocean alone, we calculate that pre-whaling populations of mysticetes annually consumed 430 million tonnes of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba), twice the current estimated total biomass of E. superba10, and more than twice the global catch of marine fisheries today11. Larger whale populations may have supported higher productivity in large marine regions through enhanced nutrient recycling: our findings suggest mysticetes recycled 1.2 × 104 tonnes iron yr-1 in the Southern Ocean before whaling compared to 1.2 × 103 tonnes iron yr-1 recycled by whales today. The recovery of baleen whales and their nutrient recycling services2,3,7 could augment productivity and restore ecosystem function lost during 20th century whaling12,13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S Savoca
- Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA.
| | - Max F Czapanskiy
- Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
| | | | - William T Gough
- Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
| | - James A Fahlbusch
- Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA.,Cascadia Research Collective, Olympia, WA, USA
| | - K C Bierlich
- Duke University Marine Laboratory, Duke University, Beaufort, NC, USA.,Marine Mammal Institute, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Oregon State University, Newport, OR, USA
| | - Paolo S Segre
- Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
| | - Jacopo Di Clemente
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Gwenith S Penry
- Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - David N Wiley
- Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary, NOAA National Ocean Service, Scituate, MA, USA
| | | | - Douglas P Nowacek
- Duke University Marine Laboratory, Duke University, Beaufort, NC, USA
| | - David W Johnston
- Duke University Marine Laboratory, Duke University, Beaufort, NC, USA
| | - Nicholas D Pyenson
- Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, USA.,Department of Paleontology and Geology, Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ari S Friedlaender
- Long Marine Laboratory, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Elliott L Hazen
- Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA.,Long Marine Laboratory, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.,Environmental Research Division, NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Monterey, CA, USA
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Breece MW, Oliver MJ, Fox DA, Hale EA, Haulsee DE, Shatley M, Bograd SJ, Hazen EL, Welch H. A satellite-based mobile warning system to reduce interactions with an endangered species. Ecol Appl 2021; 31:e02358. [PMID: 33870598 PMCID: PMC8459280 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Earth-observing satellites are a major research tool for spatially explicit ecosystem nowcasting and forecasting. However, there are practical challenges when integrating satellite data into usable real-time products for stakeholders. The need of forecast immediacy and accuracy means that forecast systems must account for missing data and data latency while delivering a timely, accurate, and actionable product to stakeholders. This is especially true for species that have legal protection. Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus (Atlantic sturgeon) were listed under the United States Endangered Species Act in 2012, which triggered immediate management action to foster population recovery and increase conservation measures. Building upon an existing research occurrence model, we developed an Atlantic sturgeon forecast system in the Delaware Bay, USA. To overcome missing satellite data due to clouds and produce a 3-d forecast of ocean conditions, we implemented data interpolating empirical orthogonal functions (DINEOF) on daily observed satellite data. We applied the Atlantic sturgeon research model to the DINEOF output and found that it correctly predicted Atlantic sturgeon telemetry occurrences over 90% of the time within a 3-d forecast. A similar framework has been utilized to forecast harmful algal blooms, but to our knowledge, this is the first time a species distribution model has been applied to DINEOF gap-filled data to produce a forecast product for fishes. To implement this product into an applied management setting, we worked with state and federal organizations to develop real-time and forecasted risk maps in the Delaware River Estuary for both state-level managers and commercial fishers. An automated system creates and distributes these risk maps to subscribers' mobile devices, highlighting areas that should be avoided to reduce interactions. Additionally, an interactive web interface allows users to plot historic, current, future, and climatological risk maps as well as the underlying model output of Atlantic sturgeon occurrence. The mobile system and web tool provide both stakeholders and managers real-time access to estimated occurrences of Atlantic sturgeon, enabling conservation planning and informing fisher behavior to reduce interactions with this endangered species while minimizing impacts to fisheries and other projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W. Breece
- College of Earth, Ocean, and EnvironmentUniversity of DelawareLewesDelaware19958USA
| | - Matthew J. Oliver
- College of Earth, Ocean, and EnvironmentUniversity of DelawareLewesDelaware19958USA
| | - Dewayne A. Fox
- College of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesDelaware State UniversityDoverDelaware19901USA
| | - Edward A. Hale
- Division of Fish and WildlifeDelaware Natural Resource and Environmental ControlDoverDelaware19901USA
- Delaware Sea GrantUniversity of DelawareLewesDelaware19958USA
| | - Danielle E. Haulsee
- College of Earth, Ocean, and EnvironmentUniversity of DelawareLewesDelaware19958USA
- Hopkins Marine StationStanford UniversityPacific GroveCalifornia93950USA
| | - Matthew Shatley
- College of Earth, Ocean, and EnvironmentUniversity of DelawareLewesDelaware19958USA
| | - Steven J. Bograd
- Environmental Research DivisionNOAA Southwest Fisheries Science CenterMontereyCalifornia93940USA
- Institute of Marine SciencesUniversity of California Santa CruzSanta CruzCalifornia95064USA
| | - Elliott L. Hazen
- Environmental Research DivisionNOAA Southwest Fisheries Science CenterMontereyCalifornia93940USA
- Institute of Marine SciencesUniversity of California Santa CruzSanta CruzCalifornia95064USA
| | - Heather Welch
- Environmental Research DivisionNOAA Southwest Fisheries Science CenterMontereyCalifornia93940USA
- Institute of Marine SciencesUniversity of California Santa CruzSanta CruzCalifornia95064USA
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Henry RW, Shaffer SA, Antolos M, Félix-Lizárraga M, Foley DG, Hazen EL, Tremblay Y, Costa DP, Tershy BR, Croll DA. Successful Long-Distance Breeding Range Expansion of a Top Marine Predator. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.620103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the effects of large-scale breeding range expansions on the ecology of top marine predators. We examined the effects of a recent range expansion on the breeding and foraging ecology of Laysan albatrosses (Phoebastria immutabilis). Laysan albatrosses expanded from historical breeding colonies in the Central Pacific Ocean to the Eastern Pacific Ocean around central Baja California, Mexico, leading to a 4,000-km shift from colonies located adjacent to the productive transition zone in the Central Pacific to colonies embedded within the eastern boundary current upwelling system of the Eastern Pacific California Current. We use electronic tagging and remote sensing data to examine the consequences of this range expansion on at-sea distribution, habitat use, foraging habitat characteristics, and foraging behavior at sea by comparing birds from historic and nascent colonies. We found the expansion resulted in distinct at-sea segregation and differential access to novel oceanographic habitats. Birds from the new Eastern Pacific colony on Guadalupe Island, Mexico have reduced ranges, foraging trip lengths and durations, and spend more time on the water compared to birds breeding in the Central Pacific on Tern Island, United States. Impacts of the range expansion to the post-breeding season were less pronounced where birds maintained some at-sea segregation but utilized similar habitat and environmental variables. These differences have likely benefited the Eastern Pacific colony which has significantly greater reproductive output and population growth rates. Laysan albatrosses have the plasticity to adapt to distinctly different oceanographic habitats and also provide insight on the potential consequences of range shifts to marine organisms.
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Savoca MS, McInturf AG, Hazen EL. Plastic ingestion by marine fish is widespread and increasing. Glob Chang Biol 2021; 27:2188-2199. [PMID: 33561314 PMCID: PMC8247990 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution has pervaded almost every facet of the biosphere, yet we lack an understanding of consumption risk by marine species at the global scale. To address this, we compile data from research documenting plastic debris ingestion by marine fish, totaling 171,774 individuals of 555 species. Overall, 386 marine fish species have ingested plastic debris including 210 species of commercial importance. However, 148 species studied had no records of plastic consumption, suggesting that while this evolutionary trap is widespread, it is not yet universal. Across all studies that accounted for microplastics, the incidence rate of plastic ingested by fish was 26%. Over the last decade this incidence has doubled, increasing by 2.4 ± 0.4% per year. This is driven both by increasing detection of smaller sized particles as a result of improved methodologies, as well as an increase in fish consuming plastic. Further, we investigated the role of geographic, ecological, and behavioral factors in the ingestion of plastic across species. These analyses revealed that the abundance of plastic in surface waters was positively correlated to plastic ingestion. Demersal species are more likely to ingest plastic in shallow waters; in contrast, pelagic species were most likely to consume plastic below the mixed layer. Mobile predatory species had the highest likelihood to ingest plastic; similarly, we found a positive relationship between trophic level and plastic ingestion. We also find evidence that surface ingestion-deep sea egestion of microplastics by mesopelagic myctophids is likely a key mechanism for the export of microplastics from the surface ocean to the seafloor, a sink for marine debris. These results elucidate the role of ecology and biogeography underlying plastic ingestion by marine fish and point toward species and regions in urgent need of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S. Savoca
- Hopkins Marine StationDepartment of BiologyStanford UniversityPacific GroveCAUSA
| | - Alexandra G. McInturf
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Conservation BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA
- Animal Behavior Graduate GroupUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA
| | - Elliott L. Hazen
- Hopkins Marine StationDepartment of BiologyStanford UniversityPacific GroveCAUSA
- Environmental Research DivisionSouthwest Fisheries Science CenterNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationMontereyCAUSA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaSanta CruzCAUSA
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25
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Sequeira AMM, O'Toole M, Keates TR, McDonnell LH, Braun CD, Hoenner X, Jaine FRA, Jonsen ID, Newman P, Pye J, Bograd SJ, Hays GC, Hazen EL, Holland M, Tsontos VM, Blight C, Cagnacci F, Davidson SC, Dettki H, Duarte CM, Dunn DC, Eguíluz VM, Fedak M, Gleiss AC, Hammerschlag N, Hindell MA, Holland K, Janekovic I, McKinzie MK, Muelbert MMC, Pattiaratchi C, Rutz C, Sims DW, Simmons SE, Townsend B, Whoriskey F, Woodward B, Costa DP, Heupel MR, McMahon CR, Harcourt R, Weise M. A standardisation framework for bio‐logging data to advance ecological research and conservation. Methods Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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26
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Hazen EL, Abrahms B, Brodie S, Carroll G, Welch H, Bograd SJ. Where did they not go? Considerations for generating pseudo-absences for telemetry-based habitat models. Mov Ecol 2021; 9:5. [PMID: 33596991 PMCID: PMC7888118 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-021-00240-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Habitat suitability models give insight into the ecological drivers of species distributions and are increasingly common in management and conservation planning. Telemetry data can be used in habitat models to describe where animals were present, however this requires the use of presence-only modeling approaches or the generation of 'pseudo-absences' to simulate locations where animals did not go. To highlight considerations for generating pseudo-absences for telemetry-based habitat models, we explored how different methods of pseudo-absence generation affect model performance across species' movement strategies, model types, and environments. METHODS We built habitat models for marine and terrestrial case studies, Northeast Pacific blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus) and African elephants (Loxodonta africana). We tested four pseudo-absence generation methods commonly used in telemetry-based habitat models: (1) background sampling; (2) sampling within a buffer zone around presence locations; (3) correlated random walks beginning at the tag release location; (4) reverse correlated random walks beginning at the last tag location. Habitat models were built using generalised linear mixed models, generalised additive mixed models, and boosted regression trees. RESULTS We found that the separation in environmental niche space between presences and pseudo-absences was the single most important driver of model explanatory power and predictive skill. This result was consistent across marine and terrestrial habitats, two species with vastly different movement syndromes, and three different model types. The best-performing pseudo-absence method depended on which created the greatest environmental separation: background sampling for blue whales and reverse correlated random walks for elephants. However, despite the fact that models with greater environmental separation performed better according to traditional predictive skill metrics, they did not always produce biologically realistic spatial predictions relative to known distributions. CONCLUSIONS Habitat model performance may be positively biased in cases where pseudo-absences are sampled from environments that are dissimilar to presences. This emphasizes the need to carefully consider spatial extent of the sampling domain and environmental heterogeneity of pseudo-absence samples when developing habitat models, and highlights the importance of scrutinizing spatial predictions to ensure that habitat models are biologically realistic and fit for modeling objectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliott L Hazen
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental Research Division, Monterey, CA, USA.
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.
- Institute of Marine Science, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.
| | - Briana Abrahms
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental Research Division, Monterey, CA, USA
- Center for Ecosystem Sentinels, Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stephanie Brodie
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental Research Division, Monterey, CA, USA
- Institute of Marine Science, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Gemma Carroll
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental Research Division, Monterey, CA, USA
- Institute of Marine Science, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Heather Welch
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental Research Division, Monterey, CA, USA
- Institute of Marine Science, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Steven J Bograd
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental Research Division, Monterey, CA, USA
- Institute of Marine Science, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
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27
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Cade DE, Seakamela SM, Findlay KP, Fukunaga J, Kahane‐Rapport SR, Warren JD, Calambokidis J, Fahlbusch JA, Friedlaender AS, Hazen EL, Kotze D, McCue S, Meÿer M, Oestreich WK, Oudejans MG, Wilke C, Goldbogen JA. Predator‐scale spatial analysis of intra‐patch prey distribution reveals the energetic drivers of rorqual whale super‐group formation. Funct Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David E. Cade
- Hopkins Marine Station Stanford University Pacific Grove CA USA
- Institute of Marine Science University of California, Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA USA
| | - S. Mduduzi Seakamela
- Department of Environment, Forestry and Fisheries, Branch: Oceans and Coasts, Victoria & Alfred Waterfront Cape Town South Africa
| | - Ken P. Findlay
- Oceans Economy Cape Peninsula University of Technology Cape Town South Africa
- MRI Whale Unit Department of Zoology and Entomology University of Pretoria Hatfield South Africa
| | - Julie Fukunaga
- Hopkins Marine Station Stanford University Pacific Grove CA USA
| | | | - Joseph D. Warren
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences Stony Brook University Southampton NY USA
| | | | - James A. Fahlbusch
- Hopkins Marine Station Stanford University Pacific Grove CA USA
- Cascadia Research Collective Olympia WA USA
| | - Ari S. Friedlaender
- Institute of Marine Science University of California, Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA USA
| | - Elliott L. Hazen
- Environmental Research Division/Southwest Fisheries Science Center/National Marine Fisheries Service/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Monterey CA USA
| | - Deon Kotze
- Department of Environment, Forestry and Fisheries, Branch: Oceans and Coasts, Victoria & Alfred Waterfront Cape Town South Africa
| | - Steven McCue
- Department of Environment, Forestry and Fisheries, Branch: Oceans and Coasts, Victoria & Alfred Waterfront Cape Town South Africa
| | - Michael Meÿer
- Department of Environment, Forestry and Fisheries, Branch: Oceans and Coasts, Victoria & Alfred Waterfront Cape Town South Africa
| | | | | | - Christopher Wilke
- Department of Environment, Forestry and Fisheries, Branch: Fisheries Management Cape Town South Africa
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Pirotta E, Booth CG, Cade DE, Calambokidis J, Costa DP, Fahlbusch JA, Friedlaender AS, Goldbogen JA, Harwood J, Hazen EL, New L, Southall BL. Context-dependent variability in the predicted daily energetic costs of disturbance for blue whales. Conserv Physiol 2021; 9:coaa137. [PMID: 33505702 PMCID: PMC7816799 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coaa137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Assessing the long-term consequences of sub-lethal anthropogenic disturbance on wildlife populations requires integrating data on fine-scale individual behavior and physiology into spatially and temporally broader, population-level inference. A typical behavioral response to disturbance is the cessation of foraging, which can be translated into a common metric of energetic cost. However, this necessitates detailed empirical information on baseline movements, activity budgets, feeding rates and energy intake, as well as the probability of an individual responding to the disturbance-inducing stressor within different exposure contexts. Here, we integrated data from blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus) experimentally exposed to military active sonar signals with fine-scale measurements of baseline behavior over multiple days or weeks obtained from accelerometry loggers, telemetry tracking and prey sampling. Specifically, we developed daily simulations of movement, feeding behavior and exposure to localized sonar events of increasing duration and intensity and predicted the effects of this disturbance source on the daily energy intake of an individual. Activity budgets and movements were highly variable in space and time and among individuals, resulting in large variability in predicted energetic intake and costs. In half of our simulations, an individual's energy intake was unaffected by the simulated source. However, some individuals lost their entire daily energy intake under brief or weak exposure scenarios. Given this large variation, population-level models will have to assess the consequences of the entire distribution of energetic costs, rather than only consider single summary statistics. The shape of the exposure-response functions also strongly influenced predictions, reinforcing the need for contextually explicit experiments and improved mechanistic understanding of the processes driving behavioral and physiological responses to disturbance. This study presents a robust approach for integrating different types of empirical information to assess the effects of disturbance at spatio-temporal and ecological scales that are relevant to management and conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Pirotta
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA 98686, USA
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Cork T23 N73K, Ireland
| | - Cormac G Booth
- SMRU Consulting, Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 8LB, UK
| | - David E Cade
- Department of Biology, Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | | | - Daniel P Costa
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - James A Fahlbusch
- Department of Biology, Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA
- Cascadia Research Collective, Olympia, WA 98501, USA
| | - Ari S Friedlaender
- Southall Environmental Associates, Inc., Aptos, CA 95003, USA
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Jeremy A Goldbogen
- Department of Biology, Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA
| | - John Harwood
- SMRU Consulting, Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 8LB, UK
- Centre for Research into Ecological and Environmental Modelling, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9LZ, UK
| | - Elliott L Hazen
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental Research Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Monterey, CA 93940, USA
| | - Leslie New
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA 98686, USA
| | - Brandon L Southall
- Southall Environmental Associates, Inc., Aptos, CA 95003, USA
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
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Welch H, Brodie S, Jacox MG, Bograd SJ, Hazen EL. Decision-support tools for dynamic management. Conserv Biol 2020; 34:589-599. [PMID: 31486126 PMCID: PMC7317865 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Spatial management is a valuable strategy to advance regional goals for nature conservation, economic development, and human health. One challenge of spatial management is navigating the prioritization of multiple features. This challenge becomes more pronounced in dynamic management scenarios, in which boundaries are flexible in space and time in response to changing biological, environmental, or socioeconomic conditions. To implement dynamic management, decision-support tools are needed to guide spatial prioritization as feature distributions shift under changing conditions. Marxan is a widely applied decision-support tool designed for static management scenarios, but its utility in dynamic management has not been evaluated. EcoCast is a new decision-support tool developed explicitly for the dynamic management of multiple features, but it lacks some of Marxan's functionality. We used a hindcast analysis to compare the capacity of these 2 tools to prioritize 4 marine species in a dynamic management scenario for fisheries sustainability. We successfully configured Marxan to operate dynamically on a daily time scale to resemble EcoCast. The relationship between EcoCast solutions and the underlying species distributions was more linear and less noisy, whereas Marxan solutions had more contrast between waters that were good and poor to fish. Neither decision-support tool clearly outperformed the other; the appropriateness of each depends on management purpose, resource-manager preference, and technological capacity of tool developers. Article impact statement: Marxan can function as a decision-support tool for dynamic management scenarios in which boundaries are flexible in space and time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Welch
- Institute of Marine SciencesUniversity of California Santa Cruz1156 High StreetSanta CruzCA95064U.S.A.
- Southwest Fisheries Science CenterNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationSuite 255A, 99 Pacific Street, Heritage HarborMontereyCA93940U.S.A.
| | - Stephanie Brodie
- Institute of Marine SciencesUniversity of California Santa Cruz1156 High StreetSanta CruzCA95064U.S.A.
- Southwest Fisheries Science CenterNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationSuite 255A, 99 Pacific Street, Heritage HarborMontereyCA93940U.S.A.
| | - Michael G. Jacox
- Institute of Marine SciencesUniversity of California Santa Cruz1156 High StreetSanta CruzCA95064U.S.A.
- Southwest Fisheries Science CenterNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationSuite 255A, 99 Pacific Street, Heritage HarborMontereyCA93940U.S.A.
- Earth System Research LaboratoryNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration325 Broadway StreetBoulderCO80305U.S.A.
| | - Steven J. Bograd
- Institute of Marine SciencesUniversity of California Santa Cruz1156 High StreetSanta CruzCA95064U.S.A.
- Southwest Fisheries Science CenterNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationSuite 255A, 99 Pacific Street, Heritage HarborMontereyCA93940U.S.A.
| | - Elliott L. Hazen
- Institute of Marine SciencesUniversity of California Santa Cruz1156 High StreetSanta CruzCA95064U.S.A.
- Southwest Fisheries Science CenterNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationSuite 255A, 99 Pacific Street, Heritage HarborMontereyCA93940U.S.A.
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Becker EA, Carretta JV, Forney KA, Barlow J, Brodie S, Hoopes R, Jacox MG, Maxwell SM, Redfern JV, Sisson NB, Welch H, Hazen EL. Performance evaluation of cetacean species distribution models developed using generalized additive models and boosted regression trees. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:5759-5784. [PMID: 32607189 PMCID: PMC7319248 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Species distribution models (SDMs) are important management tools for highly mobile marine species because they provide spatially and temporally explicit information on animal distribution. Two prevalent modeling frameworks used to develop SDMs for marine species are generalized additive models (GAMs) and boosted regression trees (BRTs), but comparative studies have rarely been conducted; most rely on presence-only data; and few have explored how features such as species distribution characteristics affect model performance. Since the majority of marine species BRTs have been used to predict habitat suitability, we first compared BRTs to GAMs that used presence/absence as the response variable. We then compared results from these habitat suitability models to GAMs that predict species density (animals per km2) because density models built with a subset of the data used here have previously received extensive validation. We compared both the explanatory power (i.e., model goodness of fit) and predictive power (i.e., performance on a novel dataset) of the GAMs and BRTs for a taxonomically diverse suite of cetacean species using a robust set of systematic survey data (1991-2014) within the California Current Ecosystem. Both BRTs and GAMs were successful at describing overall distribution patterns throughout the study area for the majority of species considered, but when predicting on novel data, the density GAMs exhibited substantially greater predictive power than both the presence/absence GAMs and BRTs, likely due to both the different response variables and fitting algorithms. Our results provide an improved understanding of some of the strengths and limitations of models developed using these two methods. These results can be used by modelers developing SDMs and resource managers tasked with the spatial management of marine species to determine the best modeling technique for their question of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Becker
- National Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationOcean Associates, Inc., Under Contract to Southwest Fisheries Science CenterLa JollaCAUSA
- Institute of Marine ScienceUniversity of California Santa CruzSanta CruzCAUSA
- ManTech International CorporationSolana BeachCAUSA
| | - James V. Carretta
- Marine Mammal and Turtle DivisionSouthwest Fisheries Science CenterNational Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Karin A. Forney
- Marine Mammal and Turtle DivisionSouthwest Fisheries Science CenterNational Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationMoss LandingCAUSA
- Moss Landing Marine LaboratoriesSan Jose State UniversityMoss LandingCAUSA
| | - Jay Barlow
- Marine Mammal and Turtle DivisionSouthwest Fisheries Science CenterNational Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Stephanie Brodie
- Institute of Marine ScienceUniversity of California Santa CruzSanta CruzCAUSA
- Environmental Research DivisionSouthwest Fisheries Science CenterMontereyCAUSA
| | - Ryan Hoopes
- ManTech International CorporationSolana BeachCAUSA
| | - Michael G. Jacox
- Environmental Research DivisionSouthwest Fisheries Science CenterMontereyCAUSA
- Physical Sciences DivisionEarth System Research LaboratoryBoulderCOUSA
| | - Sara M. Maxwell
- School of Interdisciplinary Arts and SciencesUniversity of WashingtonBothellWAUSA
| | | | | | - Heather Welch
- Institute of Marine ScienceUniversity of California Santa CruzSanta CruzCAUSA
- Environmental Research DivisionSouthwest Fisheries Science CenterMontereyCAUSA
| | - Elliott L. Hazen
- Institute of Marine ScienceUniversity of California Santa CruzSanta CruzCAUSA
- Environmental Research DivisionSouthwest Fisheries Science CenterMontereyCAUSA
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Dundas SJ, Levine AS, Lewison RL, Doerr AN, White C, Galloway AWE, Garza C, Hazen EL, Padilla‐Gamiño J, Samhouri JF, Spalding A, Stier A, White JW. Integrating oceans into climate policy: Any green new deal needs a splash of blue. Conserv Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/conl.12716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Steven J. Dundas
- Department of Applied Economics Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon
- Coastal Oregon Marine Experiment Station Oregon State University Newport Oregon
| | - Arielle S. Levine
- Department of Geography San Diego State University San Diego California
| | | | - Angee N. Doerr
- Oregon Sea Grant Oregon State University Extension Service Newport Oregon
| | - Crow White
- Department of Biological Sciences California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo California
| | | | - Corey Garza
- Department of Marine Science California State University Monterey Bay Monterey California
| | - Elliott L. Hazen
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center NOAA Fisheries Monterey California
| | | | - Jameal F. Samhouri
- Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries Service National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration Seattle Washington
| | - Ana Spalding
- School of Public Policy Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Panama City Panama
- Coiba Scientific Station (COIBA‐AIP) Panama City Panama
| | - Adrian Stier
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology University of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara California
| | - J. Wilson White
- Coastal Oregon Marine Experiment Station Oregon State University Newport Oregon
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Goldbogen JA, Cade DE, Wisniewska DM, Potvin J, Segre PS, Savoca MS, Hazen EL, Czapanskiy MF, Kahane-Rapport SR, DeRuiter SL, Gero S, Tønnesen P, Gough WT, Hanson MB, Holt MM, Jensen FH, Simon M, Stimpert AK, Arranz P, Johnston DW, Nowacek DP, Parks SE, Visser F, Friedlaender AS, Tyack PL, Madsen PT, Pyenson ND. Why whales are big but not bigger: Physiological drivers and ecological limits in the age of ocean giants. Science 2020; 366:1367-1372. [PMID: 31831666 DOI: 10.1126/science.aax9044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The largest animals are marine filter feeders, but the underlying mechanism of their large size remains unexplained. We measured feeding performance and prey quality to demonstrate how whale gigantism is driven by the interplay of prey abundance and harvesting mechanisms that increase prey capture rates and energy intake. The foraging efficiency of toothed whales that feed on single prey is constrained by the abundance of large prey, whereas filter-feeding baleen whales seasonally exploit vast swarms of small prey at high efficiencies. Given temporally and spatially aggregated prey, filter feeding provides an evolutionary pathway to extremes in body size that are not available to lineages that must feed on one prey at a time. Maximum size in filter feeders is likely constrained by prey availability across space and time.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Goldbogen
- Hopkins Marine Station, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA.
| | - D E Cade
- Hopkins Marine Station, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
| | - D M Wisniewska
- Hopkins Marine Station, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
| | - J Potvin
- Department of Physics, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - P S Segre
- Hopkins Marine Station, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
| | - M S Savoca
- Hopkins Marine Station, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
| | - E L Hazen
- Hopkins Marine Station, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA.,Environmental Research Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Monterey, CA, USA.,Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - M F Czapanskiy
- Hopkins Marine Station, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
| | - S R Kahane-Rapport
- Hopkins Marine Station, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
| | - S L DeRuiter
- Mathematics and Statistics Department, Calvin University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - S Gero
- Zoophysiology, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - P Tønnesen
- Zoophysiology, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - W T Gough
- Hopkins Marine Station, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
| | - M B Hanson
- Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - M M Holt
- Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - F H Jensen
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA
| | - M Simon
- Greenland Climate Research Centre, Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, Nuuk, Greenland
| | - A K Stimpert
- Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, Moss Landing, CA, USA
| | - P Arranz
- Biodiversity, Marine Ecology and Conservation Group, Department of Animal Biology, University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
| | - D W Johnston
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University Marine Laboratory, Beaufort, NC, USA
| | - D P Nowacek
- Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - S E Parks
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - F Visser
- Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, IBED, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Coastal Systems, NIOZ and Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Kelp Marine Research, Hoorn, Netherlands
| | - A S Friedlaender
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - P L Tyack
- Sea Mammal Research Unit, School of Biology, Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
| | - P T Madsen
- Zoophysiology, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - N D Pyenson
- Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, USA.,Department of Paleontology and Geology, Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, Seattle, WA, USA
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33
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Jackson-Ricketts J, Junchompoo C, Hines EM, Hazen EL, Ponnampalam LS, Ilangakoon A, Monanunsap S. Habitat modeling of Irrawaddy dolphins ( Orcaella brevirostris) in the Eastern Gulf of Thailand. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:2778-2792. [PMID: 32211155 PMCID: PMC7083678 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The Irrawaddy dolphin (Orcaella brevirostris) is an endangered cetacean found throughout Southeast Asia. The main threat to this species is human encroachment, led by entanglement in fishing gear. Information on this data-poor species' ecology and habitat use is needed to effectively inform spatial management. LOCATION We investigated the habitat of a previously unstudied group of Irrawaddy dolphins in the eastern Gulf of Thailand, between the villages of Laem Klat and Khlong Yai, in Trat Province. This location is important as government groups plan to establish a marine protected area. METHODS We carried out boat-based visual line transect surveys with concurrent oceanographic measurements and used hurdle models to evaluate this species' patterns of habitat use in this area. RESULTS Depth most strongly predicted dolphin presence, while temperature was a strong predictor of group size. The highest probability of dolphin presence occurred at around 10.0 m with an optimal depth range of 7.50 to 13.05 m. The greatest number of dolphins was predicted at 24.93°C with an optimal range between 24.93 and 25.31°C. Dolphins are most likely to occur in two primary locations, one large region in the center of the study area (11o54'18''N to 11o59'23''N) and a smaller region in the south (11o47'28''N to 11o49'59''N). Protections for this population will likely have the greatest chance of success in these two areas. MAIN CONCLUSIONS The results of this work can inform management strategies within the immediate study area by highlighting areas of high habitat use that should be considered for marine spatial planning measures, such as the creation of marine protected areas. Species distribution models for this species in Thailand can also assist conservation planning in other parts of the species' range by expanding our understanding of habitat preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Jackson-Ricketts
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz California
- Present address: Independence Virginia
| | - Chalatip Junchompoo
- Department of Marine and Coastal Resources Marine and Coastal Resources Research and Development Center, The Eastern Gulf of Thailand Rayong Thailand
| | - Ellen M Hines
- Estuary & Ocean Science Center San Francisco State University Tiburon California
| | - Elliott L Hazen
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental Research Division/Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Santa Cruz Monterey California
| | | | | | - Somchai Monanunsap
- Department of Marine and Coastal Resources Southern Marine and Coastal Resources Research Center Songkhla Thailand
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Gagné TO, Reygondeau G, Jenkins CN, Sexton JO, Bograd SJ, Hazen EL, Van Houtan KS. Towards a global understanding of the drivers of marine and terrestrial biodiversity. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228065. [PMID: 32023269 PMCID: PMC7001915 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the distribution of life’s variety has driven naturalists and scientists for centuries, yet this has been constrained both by the available data and the models needed for their analysis. Here we compiled data for over 67,000 marine and terrestrial species and used artificial neural networks to model species richness with the state and variability of climate, productivity, and multiple other environmental variables. We find terrestrial diversity is better predicted by the available environmental drivers than is marine diversity, and that marine diversity can be predicted with a smaller set of variables. Ecological mechanisms such as geographic isolation and structural complexity appear to explain model residuals and also identify regions and processes that deserve further attention at the global scale. Improving estimates of the relationships between the patterns of global biodiversity, and the environmental mechanisms that support them, should help in efforts to mitigate the impacts of climate change and provide guidance for adapting to life in the Anthropocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler O. Gagné
- Monterey Bay Aquarium, Monterey, CA, United States of America
| | - Gabriel Reygondeau
- Nippon Foundation, Nereus Program and Changing Ocean Research Unit, Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Clinton N. Jenkins
- IPÊ—Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas, Nazaré Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joseph O. Sexton
- terraPulse, Inc., North Potomac, Rockville, MD, United States of America
| | - Steven J. Bograd
- NOAA, Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Monterey, CA, United States of America
| | - Elliott L. Hazen
- NOAA, Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Monterey, CA, United States of America
| | - Kyle S. Van Houtan
- Monterey Bay Aquarium, Monterey, CA, United States of America
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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35
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Smith JA, Tommasi D, Sweeney J, Brodie S, Welch H, Hazen EL, Muhling B, Stohs SM, Jacox MG. Lost opportunity: Quantifying the dynamic economic impact of time‐area fishery closures. J Appl Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James A. Smith
- Institute of Marine Science University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA USA
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center La Jolla CA USA
| | - Desiree Tommasi
- Institute of Marine Science University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA USA
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center La Jolla CA USA
| | - Jonathan Sweeney
- Institute of Marine Science University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA USA
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center La Jolla CA USA
| | - Stephanie Brodie
- Institute of Marine Science University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA USA
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center Monterey CA USA
| | - Heather Welch
- Institute of Marine Science University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA USA
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center Monterey CA USA
| | - Elliott L. Hazen
- Institute of Marine Science University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA USA
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center Monterey CA USA
| | - Barbara Muhling
- Institute of Marine Science University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA USA
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center La Jolla CA USA
| | | | - Michael G. Jacox
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center Monterey CA USA
- NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory Boulder CO USA
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36
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Friedlaender AS, Bowers MT, Cade D, Hazen EL, Stimpert AK, Allen AN, Calambokidis J, Fahlbusch J, Segre P, Visser F, Southall BL, Goldbogen JA. The advantages of diving deep: Fin whales quadruple their energy intake when targeting deep krill patches. Funct Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ari S. Friedlaender
- Department of Ocean Sciences and Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Institute for Marine Sciences University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA USA
- Southall Environmental Associates Aptos CA USA
| | - Matthew T. Bowers
- Southall Environmental Associates Aptos CA USA
- Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA
| | - David Cade
- Hopkins Marine Station Stanford University Pacific Grove CA USA
| | - Elliott L. Hazen
- Department of Ocean Sciences and Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Institute for Marine Sciences University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA USA
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center Monterey CA USA
| | | | - Ann N. Allen
- NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center Honolulu HI USA
| | | | - James Fahlbusch
- Hopkins Marine Station Stanford University Pacific Grove CA USA
- Cascadia Research Collective Cascadia WA USA
| | - Paolo Segre
- Hopkins Marine Station Stanford University Pacific Grove CA USA
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37
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Woodman SM, Forney KA, Becker EA, DeAngelis ML, Hazen EL, Palacios DM, Redfern JV. esdm
: A tool for creating and exploring ensembles of predictions from species distribution and abundance models. Methods Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel M. Woodman
- Marine Mammal and Turtle Division Southwest Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries Service National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration La Jolla CA USA
| | - Karin A. Forney
- Marine Mammal and Turtle Division Southwest Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries Service National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Moss Landing CA USA
- Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, San Jose State University Moss Landing CA USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Becker
- Marine Mammal and Turtle Division Southwest Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries Service National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration La Jolla CA USA
- Cooperative Institute for Marine Ecosystems and Climate (CIMEC) University of California, Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA USA
| | - Monica L. DeAngelis
- West Coast Regional Office National Marine Fisheries Service National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Long Beach CA USA
| | - Elliott L. Hazen
- Environmental Resource Division Southwest Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries Service National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Monterey CA USA
| | - Daniel M. Palacios
- Marine Mammal Institute and Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Hatfield Marine Science Center Oregon State University Newport OR USA
| | - Jessica V. Redfern
- Marine Mammal and Turtle Division Southwest Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries Service National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration La Jolla CA USA
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38
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Crozier LG, McClure MM, Beechie T, Bograd SJ, Boughton DA, Carr M, Cooney TD, Dunham JB, Greene CM, Haltuch MA, Hazen EL, Holzer DM, Huff DD, Johnson RC, Jordan CE, Kaplan IC, Lindley ST, Mantua NJ, Moyle PB, Myers JM, Nelson MW, Spence BC, Weitkamp LA, Williams TH, Willis-Norton E. Climate vulnerability assessment for Pacific salmon and steelhead in the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217711. [PMID: 31339895 PMCID: PMC6655584 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Major ecological realignments are already occurring in response to climate change. To be successful, conservation strategies now need to account for geographical patterns in traits sensitive to climate change, as well as climate threats to species-level diversity. As part of an effort to provide such information, we conducted a climate vulnerability assessment that included all anadromous Pacific salmon and steelhead (Oncorhynchus spp.) population units listed under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. Using an expert-based scoring system, we ranked 20 attributes for the 28 listed units and 5 additional units. Attributes captured biological sensitivity, or the strength of linkages between each listing unit and the present climate; climate exposure, or the magnitude of projected change in local environmental conditions; and adaptive capacity, or the ability to modify phenotypes to cope with new climatic conditions. Each listing unit was then assigned one of four vulnerability categories. Units ranked most vulnerable overall were Chinook (O. tshawytscha) in the California Central Valley, coho (O. kisutch) in California and southern Oregon, sockeye (O. nerka) in the Snake River Basin, and spring-run Chinook in the interior Columbia and Willamette River Basins. We identified units with similar vulnerability profiles using a hierarchical cluster analysis. Life history characteristics, especially freshwater and estuary residence times, interplayed with gradations in exposure from south to north and from coastal to interior regions to generate landscape-level patterns within each species. Nearly all listing units faced high exposures to projected increases in stream temperature, sea surface temperature, and ocean acidification, but other aspects of exposure peaked in particular regions. Anthropogenic factors, especially migration barriers, habitat degradation, and hatchery influence, have reduced the adaptive capacity of most steelhead and salmon populations. Enhancing adaptive capacity is essential to mitigate for the increasing threat of climate change. Collectively, these results provide a framework to support recovery planning that considers climate impacts on the majority of West Coast anadromous salmonids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa G. Crozier
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Michelle M. McClure
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Tim Beechie
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Steven J. Bograd
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, California, United States of America
| | - David A. Boughton
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America
| | - Mark Carr
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America
| | - Thomas D. Cooney
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Jason B. Dunham
- Forest & Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Correigh M. Greene
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Melissa A. Haltuch
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Elliott L. Hazen
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, California, United States of America
| | - Damon M. Holzer
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - David D. Huff
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Rachel C. Johnson
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America
- Center for Watershed Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Chris E. Jordan
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Isaac C. Kaplan
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Steven T. Lindley
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America
| | - Nathan J. Mantua
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America
| | - Peter B. Moyle
- Department of Wildlife, Fish and Conservation Biology, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - James M. Myers
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Mark W. Nelson
- ECS Federal, Inc. Under Contract to Office of Sustainable Fisheries, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Brian C. Spence
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America
| | - Laurie A. Weitkamp
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Thomas H. Williams
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America
| | - Ellen Willis-Norton
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America
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Abrahms B, Welch H, Brodie S, Jacox MG, Becker EA, Bograd SJ, Irvine LM, Palacios DM, Mate BR, Hazen EL. Front Cover. DIVERS DISTRIB 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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40
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Abrahms B, Welch H, Brodie S, Jacox MG, Becker EA, Bograd SJ, Irvine LM, Palacios DM, Mate BR, Hazen EL. Dynamic ensemble models to predict distributions and anthropogenic risk exposure for highly mobile species. DIVERS DISTRIB 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Briana Abrahms
- Environmental Research Division NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center Monterey California
| | - Heather Welch
- Environmental Research Division NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center Monterey California
- Institute of Marine Science University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz California
| | - Stephanie Brodie
- Environmental Research Division NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center Monterey California
- Institute of Marine Science University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz California
| | - Michael G. Jacox
- Environmental Research Division NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center Monterey California
- Physical Sciences Division NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory Boulder Colorado
| | - Elizabeth A. Becker
- Institute of Marine Science University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz California
- Marine Mammal and Turtle Division NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center La Jolla California
| | - Steven J. Bograd
- Environmental Research Division NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center Monterey California
- Institute of Marine Science University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz California
| | - Ladd M. Irvine
- Marine Mammal Institute and Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Oregon State University Newport Oregon
| | - Daniel M. Palacios
- Marine Mammal Institute and Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Oregon State University Newport Oregon
| | - Bruce R. Mate
- Marine Mammal Institute and Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Oregon State University Newport Oregon
| | - Elliott L. Hazen
- Environmental Research Division NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center Monterey California
- Institute of Marine Science University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz California
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41
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Maxwell SM, Scales KL, Bograd SJ, Briscoe DK, Dewar H, Hazen EL, Lewison RL, Welch H, Crowder LB. Seasonal spatial segregation in blue sharks (
Prionace glauca
) by sex and size class in the Northeast Pacific Ocean. DIVERS DISTRIB 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sara M. Maxwell
- School of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences University of Washington Bothell Washington
- Department of Biological Sciences Old Dominion University Norfolk Virginia
| | - Kylie L. Scales
- Global Change Ecology Research Group University of the Sunshine Coast Maroochydore Australia
| | - Steven J. Bograd
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental Research Division Monterey California
- Institute of Marine Sciences University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz California
| | - Dana K. Briscoe
- Hopkins Marine Station Stanford University Pacific Grove California
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Nelson New Zealand
| | - Heidi Dewar
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center La Jolla California
| | - Elliott L. Hazen
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental Research Division Monterey California
- Institute of Marine Sciences University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz California
| | | | - Heather Welch
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental Research Division Monterey California
- Institute of Marine Sciences University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz California
| | - Larry B. Crowder
- Hopkins Marine Station Stanford University Pacific Grove California
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Mason JG, Alfaro‐Shigueto J, Mangel JC, Brodie S, Bograd SJ, Crowder LB, Hazen EL. Convergence of fishers' knowledge with a species distribution model in a Peruvian shark fishery. Conservation Science and Practice 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Julia G. Mason
- Department of BiologyHopkins Marine Station of Stanford University Pacific Grove California
| | | | | | - Stephanie Brodie
- Environmental Research Division, NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science CenterInstitute of Marine Science, University of California Santa Cruz Monterey California
| | - Steven J. Bograd
- Environmental Research Division, NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science CenterInstitute of Marine Science, University of California Santa Cruz Monterey California
| | - Larry B. Crowder
- Department of BiologyHopkins Marine Station of Stanford University Pacific Grove California
| | - Elliott L. Hazen
- Environmental Research Division, NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science CenterInstitute of Marine Science, University of California Santa Cruz Monterey California
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Hays GC, Bailey H, Bograd SJ, Bowen WD, Campagna C, Carmichael RH, Casale P, Chiaradia A, Costa DP, Cuevas E, Nico de Bruyn PJ, Dias MP, Duarte CM, Dunn DC, Dutton PH, Esteban N, Friedlaender A, Goetz KT, Godley BJ, Halpin PN, Hamann M, Hammerschlag N, Harcourt R, Harrison AL, Hazen EL, Heupel MR, Hoyt E, Humphries NE, Kot CY, Lea JSE, Marsh H, Maxwell SM, McMahon CR, Notarbartolo di Sciara G, Palacios DM, Phillips RA, Righton D, Schofield G, Seminoff JA, Simpfendorfer CA, Sims DW, Takahashi A, Tetley MJ, Thums M, Trathan PN, Villegas-Amtmann S, Wells RS, Whiting SD, Wildermann NE, Sequeira AMM. Translating Marine Animal Tracking Data into Conservation Policy and Management. Trends Ecol Evol 2019; 34:459-473. [PMID: 30879872 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
There have been efforts around the globe to track individuals of many marine species and assess their movements and distribution, with the putative goal of supporting their conservation and management. Determining whether, and how, tracking data have been successfully applied to address real-world conservation issues is, however, difficult. Here, we compile a broad range of case studies from diverse marine taxa to show how tracking data have helped inform conservation policy and management, including reductions in fisheries bycatch and vessel strikes, and the design and administration of marine protected areas and important habitats. Using these examples, we highlight pathways through which the past and future investment in collecting animal tracking data might be better used to achieve tangible conservation benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helen Bailey
- Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Solomons, MD 20688, USA
| | - Steven J Bograd
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental Research Division, Monterey, CA 93940, USA
| | - W Don Bowen
- Population Ecology Division, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada
| | - Claudio Campagna
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Marine Program, Buenos Aires, 1414 Argentina
| | - Ruth H Carmichael
- University Programs, Dauphin Island Sea Lab, Dauphin Island, AL 36528, USA; Department of Marine Sciences, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
| | - Paolo Casale
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Andre Chiaradia
- Conservation Department, Phillip Island, Nature Parks, Victoria, Australia
| | - Daniel P Costa
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA
| | - Eduardo Cuevas
- CONACYT - Research Center of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Universidad Autonoma del Carmen, Campeche 24180, Mexico; Pronatura Peninsula de Yucatan, Yucatan 97205, Mexico
| | - P J Nico de Bruyn
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Maria P Dias
- BirdLife International, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, UK; MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Center, ISPA - Instituto Universitário, 1149-041 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carlos M Duarte
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Daniel C Dunn
- Marine Geospatial Ecology Lab, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Peter H Dutton
- Marine Mammal and Turtle Division, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Nicole Esteban
- Department of Biosciences, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, Wales, UK
| | - Ari Friedlaender
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA; Institute for Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 965060, USA
| | - Kimberly T Goetz
- National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd (NIWA),Greta Point, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Brendan J Godley
- Marine Turtle Research Group, Centre for Ecology and Conservation, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, Penryn TR10 9EZ, UK
| | - Patrick N Halpin
- Marine Geospatial Ecology Lab, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Mark Hamann
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Neil Hammerschlag
- Rosenstiel School of Marine & Atmospheric Science, Abess Center for Ecosystem Science & Policy, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33149, USA
| | - Robert Harcourt
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Autumn-Lynn Harrison
- Migratory Bird Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC 20008, USA
| | - Elliott L Hazen
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental Research Division, Monterey, CA 93940, USA
| | - Michelle R Heupel
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, QLD 4810, Australia
| | - Erich Hoyt
- Whale and Dolphin Conservation, Bridport, Dorset, UK; IUCN Joint SSC/WCPA Marine Mammal Protected Areas Task Force, Gland, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas E Humphries
- Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, The Laboratory, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK
| | - Connie Y Kot
- Marine Geospatial Ecology Lab, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - James S E Lea
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Helene Marsh
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Sara M Maxwell
- School of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, University of Washington, Bothell Campus, Bothell, WA 98011, USA
| | - Clive R McMahon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia; Ecology and Biodiversity Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7004, Australia; Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, NSW 2088, Australia
| | - Giuseppe Notarbartolo di Sciara
- Tethys Research Institute, 20121 Milano, Italy; IUCN Joint SSC/WCPA Marine Mammal Protected Areas Task Force, Gland, Switzerland
| | - Daniel M Palacios
- Marine Mammal Institute and Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, Newport, OR 97365, USA
| | - Richard A Phillips
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, UK
| | - David Righton
- Cefas Laboratory, Suffolk, NR33 0HT, UK; School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Gail Schofield
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, E14NS, London, UK
| | - Jeffrey A Seminoff
- Marine Turtle Ecology and Assessment Program, NOAA-Southwest Fisheries Science Center, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Colin A Simpfendorfer
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - David W Sims
- Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, The Laboratory, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK; Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre Southampton, University of Southampton, Waterfront Campus, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK; Centre for Biological Sciences, Building 85, University of Southampton, Highfield Campus, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Akinori Takahashi
- National Institute of Polar Research, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan
| | - Michael J Tetley
- IUCN Joint SSC/WCPA Marine Mammal Protected Areas Task Force, Gland, Switzerland
| | - Michele Thums
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Indian Ocean Marine Research Centre (M096), University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Philip N Trathan
- IUCN Joint SSC/WCPA Marine Mammal Protected Areas Task Force, Gland, Switzerland
| | - Stella Villegas-Amtmann
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA
| | - Randall S Wells
- Chicago Zoological Society's Sarasota Dolphin Research Program, c/o Mote Marine Laboratory, Sarasota, FL 34236, USA
| | - Scott D Whiting
- Marine Science Program, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation, and Attractions, Kensington, WA 6151, Australia
| | - Natalie E Wildermann
- Marine Turtle Research, Ecology and Conservation Group, Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric, Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4320, USA
| | - Ana M M Sequeira
- IOMRC and The University of Western Australia Oceans Institute, School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
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Arranz P, Benoit-Bird KJ, Friedlaender AS, Hazen EL, Goldbogen JA, Stimpert AK, DeRuiter SL, Calambokidis J, Southall BL, Fahlman A, Tyack PL. Diving Behavior and Fine-Scale Kinematics of Free-Ranging Risso's Dolphins Foraging in Shallow and Deep-Water Habitats. Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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White TD, Ferretti F, Kroodsma DA, Hazen EL, Carlisle AB, Scales KL, Bograd SJ, Block BA. Predicted hotspots of overlap between highly migratory fishes and industrial fishing fleets in the northeast Pacific. Sci Adv 2019; 5:eaau3761. [PMID: 30891492 PMCID: PMC6415957 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aau3761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Many species of sharks and some tunas are threatened by overexploitation, yet the degree of overlap between industrial fisheries and pelagic fishes remains poorly understood. Using satellite tracks from 933 industrial fishing vessels and predictive habitat models from 876 electronic tags deployed on seven shark and tuna species, we developed fishing effort maps across the northeast Pacific Ocean and assessed overlap with core habitats of pelagic fishes. Up to 35% of species' core habitats overlapped with fishing effort. We identified overlap hotspots along the North American shelf, the equatorial Pacific, and the subtropical gyre. Results indicate where species require international conservation efforts and effective management within national waters. Only five national fleets (Mexico, Taiwan, China, Japan, and the United States) account for >90% of overlap with core habitats of our focal sharks and tunas on the high seas. These results inform global negotiations to achieve sustainability on the high seas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D. White
- Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Elliott L. Hazen
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Monterey, CA, USA
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- Woods Institute Visiting Scholar, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Aaron B. Carlisle
- School of Marine Science and Policy, University of Delaware, Lewes, DE, USA
| | - Kylie L. Scales
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Monterey, CA, USA
- University of the Sunshine Coast, School of Science and Engineering, Maroochydore, Queensland, Australia
| | - Steven J. Bograd
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Monterey, CA, USA
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Barbara A. Block
- Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
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46
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Palacios DM, Bailey H, Becker EA, Bograd SJ, DeAngelis ML, Forney KA, Hazen EL, Irvine LM, Mate BR. Ecological correlates of blue whale movement behavior and its predictability in the California Current Ecosystem during the summer-fall feeding season. Mov Ecol 2019; 7:26. [PMID: 31360521 PMCID: PMC6637557 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-019-0164-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Species distribution models have shown that blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus) occur seasonally in high densities in the most biologically productive regions of the California Current Ecosystem (CCE). Satellite telemetry studies have additionally shown that blue whales in the CCE regularly switch between behavioral states consistent with area-restricted searching (ARS) and transiting, indicative of foraging in and moving among prey patches, respectively. However, the relationship between the environmental correlates that serve as a proxy of prey relative to blue whale movement behavior has not been quantitatively assessed. METHODS We investigated the association between blue whale behavioral state and environmental predictors in the coastal environments of the CCE using a long-term satellite tracking data set (72 tagged whales; summer-fall months 1998-2008), and predicted the likelihood of ARS behavior at tracked locations using nonparametric multiplicative regression models. The models were built using data from years of cool, productive conditions and validated against years of warm, low-productivity conditions. RESULTS The best model contained four predictors: chlorophyll-a, sea surface temperature, and seafloor aspect and depth. This model estimated highest ARS likelihood (> 0.8) in areas with high chlorophyll-a levels (> 0.65 mg/m3), intermediate sea surface temperatures (11.6-17.5 °C), and shallow depths (< 850 m). Overall, the model correctly predicted behavioral state throughout the coastal environments of the CCE, while the validation indicated an ecosystem-wide reduction in ARS likelihood during warm years, especially in the southern portion. For comparison, a spatial coordinates model (longitude × latitude) performed slightly better than the environmental model during warm years, providing further evidence that blue whales exhibit strong foraging site fidelity, even when conditions are not conducive to successful foraging. CONCLUSIONS We showed that blue whale behavioral state in the CCE was predictable from environmental correlates and that ARS behavior was most prevalent in regions of known high whale density, likely reflecting where large prey aggregations consistently develop in summer-fall. Our models of whale movement behavior enhanced our understanding of species distribution by further indicating where foraging was more likely, which could be of value in the identification of key regions of importance for endangered species in management considerations. The models also provided evidence that decadal-scale environmental fluctuations can drive shifts in the distribution and foraging success of this blue whale population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M. Palacios
- Marine Mammal Institute and Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Oregon State University, Newport, OR USA
| | - Helen Bailey
- Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Solomons, MD USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Becker
- Marine Mammal and Turtle Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Steven J. Bograd
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, CA USA
| | - Monica L. DeAngelis
- NOAA West Coast Regional Office, Long Beach, CA USA
- Present Address: Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Newport, RI USA
| | - Karin A. Forney
- Marine Mammal and Turtle Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Moss Landing, CA USA
- Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, Moss Landing, CA USA
| | - Elliott L. Hazen
- Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, CA USA
- University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA USA
| | - Ladd M. Irvine
- Marine Mammal Institute and Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Oregon State University, Newport, OR USA
| | - Bruce R. Mate
- Marine Mammal Institute and Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Oregon State University, Newport, OR USA
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47
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Welch H, Hazen EL, Bograd SJ, Jacox MG, Brodie S, Robinson D, Scales KL, Dewitt L, Lewison R. Practical considerations for operationalizing dynamic management tools. J Appl Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heather Welch
- Institute of Marine ScienceUniversity of California, Santa Cruz Santa Cruz California
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center Monterey California
| | - Elliott L. Hazen
- Institute of Marine ScienceUniversity of California, Santa Cruz Santa Cruz California
| | - Steven J. Bograd
- Institute of Marine ScienceUniversity of California, Santa Cruz Santa Cruz California
| | - Michael G. Jacox
- Institute of Marine ScienceUniversity of California, Santa Cruz Santa Cruz California
| | - Stephanie Brodie
- Institute of Marine ScienceUniversity of California, Santa Cruz Santa Cruz California
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center Monterey California
| | - Dale Robinson
- Institute of Marine ScienceUniversity of California, Santa Cruz Santa Cruz California
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center Monterey California
| | - Kylie L. Scales
- School of Science and EngineeringUniversity of the Sunshine Coast Maroochydore Qld Australia
| | - Lynn Dewitt
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center Monterey California
| | - Rebecca Lewison
- Biology DepartmentSan Diego State University San Diego California
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48
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Abrahms B, Scales KL, Hazen EL, Bograd SJ, Schick RS, Robinson PW, Costa DP. Mesoscale activity facilitates energy gain in a top predator. Proc Biol Sci 2018; 285:rspb.2018.1101. [PMID: 30135161 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2018.1101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
How animal movement decisions interact with the distribution of resources to shape individual performance is a key question in ecology. However, links between spatial and behavioural ecology and fitness consequences are poorly understood because the outcomes of individual resource selection decisions, such as energy intake, are rarely measured. In the open ocean, mesoscale features (approx. 10-100 km) such as fronts and eddies can aggregate prey and thereby drive the distribution of foraging vertebrates through bottom-up biophysical coupling. These productive features are known to attract predators, yet their role in facilitating energy transfer to top-level consumers is opaque. We investigated the use of mesoscale features by migrating northern elephant seals and quantified the corresponding energetic gains from the seals' foraging patterns at a daily resolution. Migrating elephant seals modified their diving behaviour and selected for mesoscale features when foraging. Daily energy gain increased significantly with increasing mesoscale activity, indicating that the physical environment can influence predator fitness at fine temporal scales. Results show that areas of high mesoscale activity not only attract top predators as foraging hotspots, but also lead to increased energy transfer across trophic levels. Our study provides evidence that the physical environment is an important factor in controlling energy flow to top predators by setting the stage for variation in resource availability. Such understanding is critical for assessing how changes in the environment and resource distribution will affect individual fitness and food web dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briana Abrahms
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental Research Division, Monterey, CA, USA .,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Kylie L Scales
- School of Science and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia
| | - Elliott L Hazen
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental Research Division, Monterey, CA, USA.,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Steven J Bograd
- NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental Research Division, Monterey, CA, USA
| | - Robert S Schick
- Marine Geospatial Ecology Lab, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Patrick W Robinson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Daniel P Costa
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
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49
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Hazen EL, Scales KL, Maxwell SM, Briscoe DK, Welch H, Bograd SJ, Bailey H, Benson SR, Eguchi T, Dewar H, Kohin S, Costa DP, Crowder LB, Lewison RL. A dynamic ocean management tool to reduce bycatch and support sustainable fisheries. Sci Adv 2018; 4:eaar3001. [PMID: 29854945 PMCID: PMC5976278 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aar3001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Seafood is an essential source of protein for more than 3 billion people worldwide, yet bycatch of threatened species in capture fisheries remains a major impediment to fisheries sustainability. Management measures designed to reduce bycatch often result in significant economic losses and even fisheries closures. Static spatial management approaches can also be rendered ineffective by environmental variability and climate change, as productive habitats shift and introduce new interactions between human activities and protected species. We introduce a new multispecies and dynamic approach that uses daily satellite data to track ocean features and aligns scales of management, species movement, and fisheries. To accomplish this, we create species distribution models for one target species and three bycatch-sensitive species using both satellite telemetry and fisheries observer data. We then integrate species-specific probabilities of occurrence into a single predictive surface, weighing the contribution of each species by management concern. We find that dynamic closures could be 2 to 10 times smaller than existing static closures while still providing adequate protection of endangered nontarget species. Our results highlight the opportunity to implement near real-time management strategies that would both support economically viable fisheries and meet mandated conservation objectives in the face of changing ocean conditions. With recent advances in eco-informatics, dynamic management provides a new climate-ready approach to support sustainable fisheries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliott L. Hazen
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Monterey, CA 93940, USA
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
- Woods Institute Visiting Scholar, Stanford University, 473 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA 94035, USA
- Corresponding author.
| | - Kylie L. Scales
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
- University of the Sunshine Coast, School of Science and Engineering, Maroochydore, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sara M. Maxwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Dana K. Briscoe
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Heather Welch
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Steven J. Bograd
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Monterey, CA 93940, USA
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Helen Bailey
- Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, University of Maryland, Solomons, MD 20688, USA
| | - Scott R. Benson
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Monterey, CA 93940, USA
- Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA
| | - Tomo Eguchi
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Monterey, CA 93940, USA
| | - Heidi Dewar
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Monterey, CA 93940, USA
| | - Suzy Kohin
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Monterey, CA 93940, USA
| | - Daniel P. Costa
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Larry B. Crowder
- Stanford University, Hopkins Marine Station, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA
| | - Rebecca L. Lewison
- Institute for Ecological Monitoring and Management, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
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50
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Briscoe DK, Fossette S, Scales KL, Hazen EL, Bograd SJ, Maxwell SM, McHuron EA, Robinson PW, Kuhn C, Costa DP, Crowder LB, Lewison RL. Characterizing habitat suitability for a central-place forager in a dynamic marine environment. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:2788-2801. [PMID: 29531695 PMCID: PMC5838083 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Characterizing habitat suitability for a marine predator requires an understanding of the environmental heterogeneity and variability over the range in which a population moves during a particular life cycle. Female California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) are central-place foragers and are particularly constrained while provisioning their young. During this time, habitat selection is a function of prey availability and proximity to the rookery, which has important implications for reproductive and population success. We explore how lactating females may select habitat and respond to environmental variability over broad spatial and temporal scales within the California Current System. We combine near-real-time remotely sensed satellite oceanography, animal tracking data (n = 72) from November to February over multiple years (2003-2009) and Generalized Additive Mixed Models (GAMMs) to determine the probability of sea lion occurrence based on environmental covariates. Results indicate that sea lion presence is associated with cool (<14°C), productive waters, shallow depths, increased eddy activity, and positive sea-level anomalies. Predictive habitat maps generated from these biophysical associations suggest winter foraging areas are spatially consistent in the nearshore and offshore environments, except during the 2004-2005 winter, which coincided with an El Niño event. Here, we show how a species distribution model can provide broadscale information on the distribution of female California sea lions during an important life history stage and its implications for population dynamics and spatial management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana K. Briscoe
- Stanford University, Hopkins Marine StationPacific GroveCAUSA
| | - Sabrina Fossette
- Southwest Fisheries Science CenterEnvironmental Research DivisionNational Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration MontereyMontereyCAUSA
- Department of Parks and WildlifeKensingtonWAAustralia
| | - Kylie L. Scales
- Southwest Fisheries Science CenterEnvironmental Research DivisionNational Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration MontereyMontereyCAUSA
- Institute of Marine SciencesUniversity of California Santa CruzSanta CruzCAUSA
- University of the Sunshine CoastMaroochydoreQldAustralia
| | - Elliott L. Hazen
- Southwest Fisheries Science CenterEnvironmental Research DivisionNational Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration MontereyMontereyCAUSA
- Institute of Marine SciencesUniversity of California Santa CruzSanta CruzCAUSA
| | - Steven J. Bograd
- Southwest Fisheries Science CenterEnvironmental Research DivisionNational Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration MontereyMontereyCAUSA
- Institute of Marine SciencesUniversity of California Santa CruzSanta CruzCAUSA
| | - Sara M. Maxwell
- Stanford University, Hopkins Marine StationPacific GroveCAUSA
- Old Dominion UniversityNorfolkVAUSA
| | - Elizabeth A. McHuron
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of California Santa CruzSanta CruzCAUSA
| | - Patrick W. Robinson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of California Santa CruzSanta CruzCAUSA
| | - Carey Kuhn
- Marine Mammal LaboratoryAlaska Fisheries Science CenterNational Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationSeattleWAUSA
| | - Daniel P. Costa
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of California Santa CruzSanta CruzCAUSA
| | - Larry B. Crowder
- Stanford University, Hopkins Marine StationPacific GroveCAUSA
- Center for Ocean SolutionsStanford UniversityMontereyCAUSA
| | - Rebecca L. Lewison
- Institute for Ecological Monitoring & ManagementSan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCAUSA
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