1
|
Comita LS, Jones FA, Manzané-Pinzón EJ, Álvarez-Casino L, Cerón-Souza I, Contreras B, Jaén-Barrios N, Ferro N, Engelbrecht BMJ. Limited intraspecific variation in drought resistance along a pronounced tropical rainfall gradient. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2316971121. [PMID: 38809703 PMCID: PMC11161779 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2316971121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Assessing within-species variation in response to drought is crucial for predicting species' responses to climate change and informing restoration and conservation efforts, yet experimental data are lacking for the vast majority of tropical tree species. We assessed intraspecific variation in response to water availability across a strong rainfall gradient for 16 tropical tree species using reciprocal transplant and common garden field experiments, along with measurements of gene flow and key functional traits linked to drought resistance. Although drought resistance varies widely among species in these forests, we found little evidence for within-species variation in drought resistance. For the majority of functional traits measured, we detected no significant intraspecific variation. The few traits that did vary significantly between drier and wetter origins of the same species all showed relationships opposite to expectations based on drought stress. Furthermore, seedlings of the same species originating from drier and wetter sites performed equally well under drought conditions in the common garden experiment and at the driest transplant site. However, contrary to expectation, wetter-origin seedlings survived better than drier-origin seedlings under wetter conditions in both the reciprocal transplant and common garden experiment, potentially due to lower insect herbivory. Our study provides the most comprehensive picture to date of intraspecific variation in tropical tree species' responses to water availability. Our findings suggest that while drought plays an important role in shaping species composition across moist tropical forests, its influence on within-species variation is limited.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liza S. Comita
- The Forest School, Yale School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, CT06511
- Smithsonian Tropical Research InstituteApartadoPostal 0843-03092, Panama City, Panamá
| | - F. Andrew Jones
- Smithsonian Tropical Research InstituteApartadoPostal 0843-03092, Panama City, Panamá
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | - Eric J. Manzané-Pinzón
- Smithsonian Tropical Research InstituteApartadoPostal 0843-03092, Panama City, Panamá
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnología, Universidad Tecnológica de Panamá, Panama City, Panamá
| | - Leonor Álvarez-Casino
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- Department of Plant Ecology, Center for Ecology and Environmental Research, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Ivania Cerón-Souza
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
- Centro de Investigación Tibaitatá, Mosquera Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Agrosavia), Cundinamarca250047, Colombia
| | - Blexein Contreras
- Smithsonian Tropical Research InstituteApartadoPostal 0843-03092, Panama City, Panamá
| | - Nelson Jaén-Barrios
- Smithsonian Tropical Research InstituteApartadoPostal 0843-03092, Panama City, Panamá
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, CampinasCEP 13083-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Natalie Ferro
- Smithsonian Tropical Research InstituteApartadoPostal 0843-03092, Panama City, Panamá
| | - Bettina M. J. Engelbrecht
- Smithsonian Tropical Research InstituteApartadoPostal 0843-03092, Panama City, Panamá
- Department of Plant Ecology, Center for Ecology and Environmental Research, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nutiprapun P, Hermhuk S, Nanami S, Itoh A, Kanzaki M, Marod D. Effects of El Niño drought on seedling dynamics in a seasonally dry tropical forest in Northern Thailand. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:451-461. [PMID: 36273818 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As El Niño is predicted to become stronger and more frequent in the future, it is crucial to understand how El Niño-induced droughts will affect tropical forests. Although many studies have focused on tropical rainforests, there is a paucity of studies on seasonally dry tropical forests (SDTFs), particularly in Asia, and few studies have focused on seedling dynamics, which are expected to be strongly affected by drought. Seedlings in SDTFs are generally more drought-tolerant than those in the rainforests, and the effects of El Niño-induced droughts may differ between SDTF and tropical rainforests. In this study, we explored the impact of El Niño-induced drought at an SDTF in northern Thailand by monitoring the seedling dynamics at monthly intervals for 7 years, including a period of strong El Niño. The effects were compared between two forest types in an SDTF: a deciduous dipterocarp forest (DDF), dominated by deciduous species, and an adjacent lower montane forest (LMF) with more evergreen species. El Niño-induced drought increased seedling mortality in both the forest types. The effect of drought was stronger in evergreen than in the deciduous species, resulting in higher mortality in the LMF during El Niño. However, El Niño increased seedling recruitment only in the DDF, mainly because of the massive recruitment of the deciduous oak, Quercus brandisiana (Fagaceae), which compensated for the mortality of seedlings in the DDF. As a result, El Niño increased seedling density in the DDF and decreased it in the LMF. This is the first long-term study to identify the differences in the impacts of El Niño on seedlings between the two forest types, and two leaf habits, evergreen and deciduous, in Southeast Asia. Our findings suggest that future climate change may alter the species composition and spatial distribution of seedlings in Asian SDTFs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sutheera Hermhuk
- Faculty of Agricultural Production, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Satoshi Nanami
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akira Itoh
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mamoru Kanzaki
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Dokrak Marod
- Faculty of Forestry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
The construction and expansion of highways aiming to improve the integration of the most isolated regions in Brazil facilitated the access to many inhabited areas in the Amazon biome, but had as a consequence assisted the degradation of many of these regions. Over the last two decades, we have observed in this biome a gradual diversification and intensification of land uses through vegetation loss and an increase in fire associated with deforestation and an increase in grazing areas. We used data from several active fires products derived from 14 different satellites, available on the Brazilian National Institute for Space Research (INPE). We evaluated the influence of highway infrastructure on fire occurrence inside and around Indigenous Lands (IL) located in the Brazilian Amazon biome, from 2008 to 2021. We classified 332 ILs into “cut by highways”, “without highways”, and “with highways in a 10 km buffer”. We performed: (a) the descriptive statistics of the fire occurrence by state, by season, and by type of land use and land cover (LULC) affected by fire; (b) the spatial distribution of the active fire density; and (c) a simple linear regression model between the fire occurrence and the IL area. Our results showed that in total, 16–46% of the fires occurred within the IL in most of the states, while the 10 km buffer was the region most affected by fire. We confirmed that in the last three years there was a significant increase in the number of active fires, representing anomalies in fire occurrence across the studied period. We discussed the result implications and the role of the highway network in environmental degradation inside and around the ILs located in the Brazilian Amazon.
Collapse
|
4
|
Álvarez-Cansino L, Comita LS, Jones FA, Manzané-Pinzón E, Browne L, Engelbrecht BMJ. Turgor loss point predicts survival responses to experimental and natural drought in tropical tree seedlings. Ecology 2022; 103:e3700. [PMID: 35352828 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Identifying key traits that can serve as proxies for species drought resistance is crucial for predicting and mitigating effects of climate change in diverse plant communities. Turgor loss point (πtlp ) is a recently emerged trait that has been linked to species distributions across gradients of water availability. However, a direct relationship between πtlp and species ability to survive drought has yet to be established for woody species. Using a manipulative field experiment to quantify species drought resistance (i.e. their survival response to drought), combined with measurements of πtlp for 16 tree species, we show a negative relationship between πtlp and seedling drought resistance. Using long-term forest plot data, we also show that πtlp predicts seedling survival responses to a severe El Niño-related drought, although additional factors are clearly also important. Our study demonstrates that species with lower πtlp exhibit higher survival under both experimental and natural drought. These results provide a missing cornerstone in the assessment of the traits underlying drought resistance in woody species and strengthen πtlp as a proxy for evaluating which species will lose or win under projections of exacerbating drought regimes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonor Álvarez-Cansino
- Department of Plant Ecology, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.,Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Seville Avda. Reina Mercedes s/n, Seville, Spain
| | - Liza S Comita
- School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancón, Panama
| | - F Andrew Jones
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancón, Panama.,Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Eric Manzané-Pinzón
- Eric Manzané-Pinzón: Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnología, Universidad Tecnológica de Panamá
| | - Luke Browne
- School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Bettina M J Engelbrecht
- Department of Plant Ecology, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.,Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancón, Panama
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Muehleisen AJ, Manzané‐Pinzón E, Engelbrecht BMJ, Jones FA, Comita LS. Do experimental drought stress and species' drought sensitivity influence herbivory in tropical tree seedlings? Biotropica 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.13075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Muehleisen
- Yale School of the Environment Yale University New Haven Connecticut USA
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution University of Oregon Eugene Oregon USA
| | - Eric Manzané‐Pinzón
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnología Universidad Tecnológica de Panamá Panama City Panama
| | - Bettina M. J. Engelbrecht
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Balboa Panama
- Department of Plant Ecology Bayreuth Center for Ecology and Environmental Research University of Bayreuth Bayreuth Germany
| | - F. Andrew Jones
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Balboa Panama
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon USA
| | - Liza S. Comita
- Yale School of the Environment Yale University New Haven Connecticut USA
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Balboa Panama
| |
Collapse
|