1
|
Wang L, Zhang B, Fang Y, Yin H, Fu S, Chang SX, Cai Y. Distinct effects of canopy vs understory and organic vs inorganic N deposition on root resource acquisition strategies of subtropical Moso bamboo plants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 927:172424. [PMID: 38614348 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition inevitably alters soil nutrient status, subsequently prompting plants to modify their root morphology (i.e., adopting a do-it-yourself strategy), mycorrhizal symbioses (i.e., outsourcing strategy), and root exudation (i.e., nutrient-mining strategy) linking with resource acquisition. However, how N deposition influences the integrated pattern of these resource-acquisition strategies remains unclear. Furthermore, most studies in forest ecosystems have focused on understory N and inorganic N deposition, neglecting canopy-associated processes (e.g., N interception and assimilation) and the impacts of organic N on root functional traits. In this study, we compared the effects of canopy vs understory, organic vs inorganic N deposition on eight root functional traits of Moso bamboo plants. Our results showed that N deposition significantly decreased arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization, altered root exudation rate and root foraging traits (branching intensity, specific root area, and length), but did not influence root tissue density and N concentration. Moreover, the impacts of N deposition on root functional traits varied significantly with deposition approach (canopy vs. understory), form (organic vs. inorganic), and their interaction, showing variations in both intensity and direction (positive/negative). Furthermore, specific root area and length were positively correlated with AMF colonization under canopy N deposition and root exudation rate in understory N deposition. Root trait variation under understory N deposition, but not under canopy N deposition, was classified into the collaboration gradient and the conservation gradient. These findings imply that coordination of nutrient-acquisition strategies dependent on N deposition approach. Overall, this study provides a holistic understanding of the impacts of N deposition on root resource-acquisition strategies. Our results indicate that the evaluation of N deposition on fine roots in forest ecosystems might be biased if N is added understory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Environment and Resources, College of Carbon Neutrality, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Baogang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Environment and Resources, College of Carbon Neutrality, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
| | - Yunying Fang
- Australian Rivers Institute and School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, 4111, Queensland, Australia
| | - Huajun Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & China-Croatia "Belt and Road" Joint Laboratory on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Shenglei Fu
- College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Scott X Chang
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - Yanjiang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Environment and Resources, College of Carbon Neutrality, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhou Y, Zhang X, Zhang C, Chen B, Gu B. Mitigating air pollution benefits multiple sustainable development goals in China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 349:123992. [PMID: 38631451 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Achieving the United nations 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) remains a significant challenge, necessitating urgent and prioritized strategies. Among the various challenges, air pollution continues to pose one of the most substantial threats to the SDGs due to its widespread adverse effects on human health and ecosystems. However, the connections between air pollution and the SDGs have often been overlooked. This study reveals that out of the 169 SDG targets, 71 are adversely impacted by air pollution, while only 6 show potential positive effects. In China, two major atmospheric nitrogen pollutants, ammonia and nitrogen oxides, resulted in an economic loss of 400 billion United States Dollar (USD) in 2020, which could be reduced by 33% and 34% by 2030, respectively. It would enhance the progress towards SDGs in China by 14%, directly contributing to the achievement of SDGs 1 to 6 and 11 to 15. This improvement is estimated to yield overall benefits totaling 119 billion USD, exceeded the total implementation cost of 82 billion USD with ammonia as the preferential mitigation target. This study underscores the importance of robust scientific evidence in integrated policies aimed at aligning improvements in environmental quality with the priorities of sustainable development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiuming Zhang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Policy Simulation Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chuanzhen Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Binhui Chen
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Baojing Gu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xu X, Yang L, Shen K, Cao H, Lin Y, Liu J, Han W. Nitrogen Addition and Heterotroph Exclusion Affected Plant Species Diversity-Biomass Relationship by Affecting Plant Functional Traits. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:258. [PMID: 38256811 PMCID: PMC10818353 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
(1) Background: Heterotrophs can affect plant biomass and alter species diversity-productivity relationships. However, these studies were conducted in systems with a low nitrogen (N) availability, and it is unclear how heterotroph removal affects the relationship between plant species diversity and productivity in different N habitats. (2) Methods: Three typical understory herbaceous plants were selected to assemble the plant species diversity (three plant species richness levels (1, 2, and 3) and seven plant species compositions), and the control, insecticide, fungicide, and all removal treatments were performed at each plant species diversity level in systems with or without N addition treatments. (3) Results: In systems without N addition, the insecticide treatment increased the plant aboveground biomass, total biomass, and leaf area, while the fungicide treatment reduced the plant belowground biomass, root length, and root tip number; the presence of Bidens pilosa increased the plant aboveground biomass. Similarly, the presence of Bletilla striata increased the plant belowground biomass and root diameter under each heterotroph removal treatment. In systems with N addition, all removal treatments reduced the plant belowground biomass and increased the plant leaf area; the presence of B. pilosa significantly increased the plant aboveground biomass, total biomass, and root length under each heterotroph removal treatment. The presence of B. striata significantly increased the plant belowground biomass and leaf area under insecticide and fungicide treatments. (4) Conclusions: Heterotroph removal alters the plant species diversity-biomass relationship by affecting the plant functional traits in systems with different N availabilities. The impact of biodiversity at different trophic levels on ecosystem functioning should be considered under the background of global change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xile Xu
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (X.X.); (L.Y.); (K.S.); (H.C.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Luping Yang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (X.X.); (L.Y.); (K.S.); (H.C.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Kai Shen
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (X.X.); (L.Y.); (K.S.); (H.C.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Huijuan Cao
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (X.X.); (L.Y.); (K.S.); (H.C.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Yishi Lin
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (X.X.); (L.Y.); (K.S.); (H.C.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Jinliang Liu
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (X.X.); (L.Y.); (K.S.); (H.C.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Wenjuan Han
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (X.X.); (L.Y.); (K.S.); (H.C.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xi Y, Wang Q, Zhu J, Yang M, Hao T, Chen Y, Zhang Q, He N, Yu G. Atmospheric wet organic nitrogen deposition in China: Insights from the national observation network. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 898:165629. [PMID: 37467980 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Organic nitrogen (N) is an important component of atmospheric reactive N deposition, and its bioavailability is almost as important as that of inorganic N. Currently, there are limited reports of national observations of organic N deposition; most stations are concentrated in rural and urban areas, with even fewer long-term observations of natural ecosystems in remote areas. Based on the China Wet Deposition Observation Network, this study regularly collected monthly wet deposition samples from 43 typical ecosystems from 2013 to 2021 and measured related N concentrations. The aim was to provide a more comprehensive assessment of the multi-component characteristics of atmospheric wet N deposition and reveal the influencing factors and potential sources of wet dissolved organic N (DON) deposition. The results showed that atmospheric wet deposition fluxes of NO3-, NH4+, DON and dissolved total N (DTN) were 4.68, 5.25, 4.32, and 13.05 kg N ha-1 yr-1, respectively, and that DON accounted for 30 % of DTN deposition (potentially up to 50 % in remote areas). Wet DON deposition was related to anthropogenic emissions (agriculture, biomass burning, and traffic), natural emissions (volatile organic compound emissions from vegetation), and precipitation processes. The wet DON deposition flux was higher in South, Central, and Southwest China, with more precipitation and intensive agricultural activities or more vegetation cover, and lower in Northwest China and Inner Mongolia, with less precipitation and human activities or vegetation cover. DON was the main contributor to DTN deposition in remote areas and was possibly related to natural emissions. In rural and urban areas, DON may have been more influenced by agricultural activities and anthropogenic emissions. This study quantified the long-term spatiotemporal patterns of wet N deposition and provides a reference for future N addition experiments and N cycle studies. Further consideration of DON deposition is required, especially in the context of anthropogenic control of NO2 and NH3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xi
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiufeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Meng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tianxiang Hao
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanran Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiongyu Zhang
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Nianpeng He
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Guirui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang Z, Tao T, Wang H, Chen J, Small GE, Johnson D, Chen J, Zhang Y, Zhu Q, Zhang S, Song Y, Kattge J, Guo P, Sun X. Forms of nitrogen inputs regulate the intensity of soil acidification. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:4044-4055. [PMID: 37186143 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Soil acidification induced by reactive nitrogen (N) inputs can alter the structure and function of terrestrial ecosystems. Because different N-transformation processes contribute to the production and consumption of H+ , the magnitude of acidification likely depends on the relative amounts of organic N (ON) and inorganic N (IN) inputs. However, few studies have explicitly measured the effects of N composition on soil acidification. In this study, we first conducted a meta-analysis to test the effects of ON or IN inputs on soil acidification across 53 studies in grasslands. We then compared soil acidification across five different ON:IN ratios and two input rates based on long-term field N addition experiments. The meta-analysis showed that ON had weaker effects on soil acidification than IN when the N addition rate was above 20 g N m-2 year-1 . The field experiment confirmed the findings from meta-analysis: N addition with proportions of ON ≥ 20% caused less soil acidification, especially at a high input rate (30 g N m-2 year-1 ). Structural equation model analysis showed that this result was largely due to a relatively low rate of H+ production from ON as NH3 volatilization and uptake of ON and NH4 + by the dominant grass species Leymus chinensis (which are both lower net contributors to H+ production) result in less NH4 + available for nitrification (which is a higher net contributor to H+ production). These results indicate that the evaluation of soil acidification induced by N inputs should consider N forms and manipulations of relative composition of N inputs may provide an effective approach to alleviate the N-induced soil acidification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ze Wang
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingting Tao
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hu Wang
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ji Chen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
- iCLIMATE Interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Gaston E Small
- Department of Biology, University of St Thomas, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - David Johnson
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jihui Chen
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yingjun Zhang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qichao Zhu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Key Lab of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shengmin Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, China
| | - Yantao Song
- College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, China
| | - Jens Kattge
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Peng Guo
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiao Sun
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|