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Katayama N, Yoshida T, Nakashima T, Kobayashi M, Suzuki H, Hamajima N, Sone M. Lifestyle habits and examination findings before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: From health checkups in a rural area in Japan. Nutr Health 2024:2601060241256201. [PMID: 38778709 DOI: 10.1177/02601060241256201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Aim: Few health checkup studies have reported lifestyle habits and examination results before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We compared lifestyle habits and examination results surveyed before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Five hundred and ten and 396 participants attended the health checkup in 2019 and 2022, respectively. The median age of females was 65 in 2019 and 2022, and that of males was 68 in 2019 and 69 in 2022. We investigated dietary and exercise habits, alcohol consumption, sleeping situation, and examination results, including body mass index (BMI), smell function, and blood examination results before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in a rural area in Japan. Results: An ordinal logistic regression analysis revealed that the intake frequency of vegetables and marine products was significantly less in 2022 than in 2019 after adjusting age and sex; green leafy vegetables (p = .016), fish (p = .002), and other marine products, including squid, shrimp, crabs, and octopus (p = .008). Alcohol consumption amount increased significantly in 2022 than in 2019 in men who drank beer (p = .007) and chuhai (p = .040). Albumin, hematocrit, cholesterols, and uric acid decreased, but serum calcium increased significantly in 2022 than in 2019 after adjusting age and sex. BMI and hemoglobin A1c were not significantly different between 2019 and 2022. A decrease in subjective smell feeling and smell test results was associated with decreased intake frequency of vegetables. Conclusion: Both dietary habits and blood examination results changed significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic in a rural area in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Katayama
- Department of Food Science, Nagoya Women's University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tadao Yoshida
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Nakashima
- Department of Rehabilitation, Ichinomiya Medical Treatment & Habilitation Center, Ichinomiya, Japan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Center for Sensory Organ, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
- Nagoya University, Nagoya Japan
| | - Masumi Kobayashi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Suzuki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Center for Sensory Organ, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | | | - Michihiko Sone
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Zhou C, Yang C, Ai Y, Fang X, Zhang A, Wang Y, Hu H. Valid olfactory impairment tests can help identify mild cognitive impairment: an updated meta-analysis. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1349196. [PMID: 38419646 PMCID: PMC10900519 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1349196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Olfactory testing is emerging as a potentially effective screening method for identifying mild cognitive impairment in the elderly population. Objective Olfactory impairment is comorbid with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in older adults but is not well-documented in subdomains of either olfactory or subtypes of cognitive impairments in older adults. This meta-analysis was aimed at synthesizing the differentiated relationships with updated studies. Methods A systematic search was conducted in seven databases from their availability to April 2023. A total of 38 publications were included, including 3,828 MCI patients and 8,160 healthy older adults. Two investigators independently performed the literature review, quality assessment, and data extraction. The meta-analyses were conducted with Stata to estimate the average effects and causes of the heterogeneity. Results Compared to normal adults, MCI patients had severe impairments in olfactory function and severe deficits in specific domains of odor identification and discrimination. Olfactory impairment was more severe in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment than in patients with non-amnestic MCI. Diverse test instruments of olfactory function caused large heterogeneity in effect sizes. Conclusion Valid olfactory tests can be complementary tools for accurate screening of MCI in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyi Zhou
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Chongming Yang
- Research Support Center, College of Family, Home, and Social Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Yating Ai
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Xueling Fang
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Ailin Zhang
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuncui Wang
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Engineering Research Center of TCM Protection Technology and New Product Development for the Elderly Brain Health, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Hu
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Engineering Research Center of TCM Protection Technology and New Product Development for the Elderly Brain Health, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, China
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Wang Q, Tao S, Xing L, Liu J, Xu C, Xu X, Ding H, Shen Q, Yu X, Zheng Y. SNAP25 is a potential target for early stage Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:570. [PMID: 38053192 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01360-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), two common irreversible neurodegenerative diseases, share similar early stage syndromes, such as olfaction dysfunction. Yet, the potential comorbidity mechanism of AD and PD was not fully elucidated. METHODS The gene expression profiles of GSE5281 and GSE8397 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We utilized a series of bioinformatics analyses to screen the overlapped differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The hub genes were further identified by the plugin CytoHubba of Cytoscape and validated in the hippocampus (HIP) samples of APP/PS-1 transgenic mice and the substantial nigra (SN) samples of A53T transgenic mice by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Meanwhile, the expression of the target genes in the olfactory epithelium/bulb was detected by RT-qPCR. Finally, molecular docking was used to screen potential compounds for the target gene. RESULTS One hundred seventy-four overlapped DEGs were identified in AD and PD. Five of the top ten enrichment pathways mainly focused on the synapse. Five hub genes were identified and further validated. As a common factor in AD and PD, the changes of synaptosomal-associated protein 25 (SNAP25) mRNA in olfactory epithelium/bulb were significantly decreased and had a strong association with those in the HIP and SN samples. Pazopanib was the optimal compound targeting SNAP25, with a binding energy of - 9.2 kcal/mol. CONCLUSIONS Our results provided a theoretical basis for understanding the comorbidity mechanism of AD and PD and highlighted that SNAP25 in the olfactory epithelium may serve as a potential target for early detection and intervention in both AD and PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Department of Radiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sijue Tao
- Laboratory Animal Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Xing
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiuyu Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cankun Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyi Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haohan Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Shen
- Neurological Institute, Columbia University, NY Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Xiaobo Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, Shanxi, China.
| | - Yingwei Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
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Wang MC, Chiou JM, Chen YC, Chen JH. Association Between Olfactory Dysfunction and Cognitive Impairment in Dementia-Free Older Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study in Taiwan. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 96:1477-1488. [PMID: 37980657 PMCID: PMC10741368 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies assessing olfactory function and cognition have mostly been cross-sectional, and few have investigated the Asian geriatric population. OBJECTIVE To examine the relationships of olfaction with global or domain-specific cognitive function in Taiwanese community-dwelling older adults. METHODS This cohort study (2015-2019) is part of the Taiwan Initiative for Geriatric Epidemiological Research. The Taiwanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-T) and a battery of neuropsychological tests were assessed at baseline and at a two-year follow-up. The cross-culture modified Sniffin' Sticks Identification Test (SSIT) was utilized to measure olfactory function. Generalized linear mixed models were used to examine the association of olfaction with cognitive performance over two years. RESULTS Data were collected from 376 participants (55.1% women), with a mean age of 75.6 years. A one-point decrease in the SSIT score (worsening of olfaction) was associated with worse global cognition (MoCA-T: βˆ= -0.13), memory (βˆ= -0.08 to -0.06), and verbal fluency (βˆ= -0.07). Compared with an SSIT score ≥ 11 (normosmia), an SSIT score < 8 (anosmia) was associated with worse global cognition (MoCA-T: βˆ= -0.99), memory (βˆ= -0.48 to -0.42), executive function (Trail Making Test A: βˆ= -0.36), attention (digit span backward: βˆ= -0.34), and verbal fluency (βˆ= -0.45). After stratified analyses, the associations remained in older adults ≥ 75 years, males, and non-carriers of apolipoprotein E ɛ4 in terms of global cognition, memory, and verbal fluency. CONCLUSIONS Odor identification deficits were associated with poor global or domain-specific cognitive function in a four-year cohort of community-dwelling older adults. Cognitive assessments should be conducted in dementia-free elderly individuals with impaired odor identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Cyun Wang
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu City, Taiwan
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Min Chiou
- Institute of Statistics and Data Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ching Chen
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Hau Chen
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Sato S, Imaeda T, Mugikura S, Mori N, Takanashi M, Hayakawa K, Saito T, Taira M, Narita A, Kogure M, Chiba I, Hatanaka R, Nakaya K, Kanno I, Ishiwata R, Nakamura T, Motoike IN, Nakaya N, Koshiba S, Kinoshita K, Kuriyama S, Ogishima S, Nagami F, Fuse N, Hozawa A. Association Between Olfactory Test Data with Multiple Levels of Odor Intensity and Suspected Cognitive Impairment: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 95:1469-1480. [PMID: 37718802 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Olfactory function decline has recently been reported to be associated with a risk of cognitive impairment. Few population-based studies have included younger adults when examining the association between olfactory test data with multiple odor intensities and suspected cognitive impairment. OBJECTIVE We investigated the association between high-resolution olfactory test data with fewer odors and suspected cognitive impairments. We also examined the differences between older and younger adults in this association. METHODS The Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-J) was administered to 1,450 participants, with three odor-intensity-level olfactometry using six different odors. Logistic regressions to discriminate suspected cognitive impairment were conducted to examine the association, adjusted for age, sex, education duration, and smoking history. Data were collected from the Program by Tohoku University Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, with an additional olfactory test conducted between 2019 and 2021. RESULTS We generally observed that the lower the limit of distinguishable odor intensity was, the higher the MoCA-J score was. The combination of spearmint and stuffy socks contributed most to the distinction between suspected and unsuspected cognitive impairment. Furthermore, the association was significant in women aged 60-74 years (adjusted odds ratio 0.881, 95% confidence interval [0.790, 0.983], p = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS The results indicate an association between the limit of distinguishable odor intensity and cognitive function. The olfactory test with multiple odor intensity levels using fewer odors may be applicable for the early detection of mild cognitive impairment, especially in older women aged 60-74 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Sato
- Toyota Central Research and Development Laboratories, Inc., Nagakute, Japan
| | - Takao Imaeda
- Toyota Central Research and Development Laboratories, Inc., Nagakute, Japan
| | - Shunji Mugikura
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- The Advanced Research Center for Innovations in Next-Generation Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Naoko Mori
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Masaki Takanashi
- Toyota Central Research and Development Laboratories, Inc., Nagakute, Japan
| | - Kazumi Hayakawa
- Toyota Central Research and Development Laboratories, Inc., Nagakute, Japan
| | - Tomo Saito
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Makiko Taira
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akira Narita
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mana Kogure
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ippei Chiba
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Rieko Hatanaka
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kumi Nakaya
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ikumi Kanno
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Ishiwata
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nakamura
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ikuko N Motoike
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Naoki Nakaya
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Seizo Koshiba
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- The Advanced Research Center for Innovations in Next-Generation Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kengo Kinoshita
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- The Advanced Research Center for Innovations in Next-Generation Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Information Sciences, Sendai, Japan
- Institute of Development, Aging, and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shinichi Kuriyama
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Soichi Ogishima
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- The Advanced Research Center for Innovations in Next-Generation Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Fuji Nagami
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- The Advanced Research Center for Innovations in Next-Generation Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Nobuo Fuse
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- The Advanced Research Center for Innovations in Next-Generation Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hozawa
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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