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Malta CP, Santi SS, Barcelos RCS, Zanatta FB, Bier CAS, Morgental RD. Premixed calcium silicate-based root canal sealers have better biological properties than AH Plus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of in vivo animal studies and in vitro laboratory studies. JOURNAL OF CONSERVATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS 2024; 27:345-359. [PMID: 38779200 PMCID: PMC11108423 DOI: 10.4103/jcde.jcde_24_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Objectives The aim was to determine whether premixed calcium silicate-based root canal sealers have better biological properties than AH Plus. Materials and Methods Searches of studies published up to January 2023 were performed in the PubMed/MEDLINE and EMBASE and via other methods (databases of the International Endodontic Journal, Journal of Endodontics, and gray literature). The inclusion criteria were in vivo animal and in vitro studies that analyzed the response in the dorsal subcutaneous tissue of rats, cell viability, and genotoxicity. Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation Risk of Bias (RoB) tool for in vivo studies and modified CONSORT checklist for in vitro were appraised. Meta-analysis was performed using the Stata. Results Fifty-two studies were included. In the RoB, in vivo studies fulfilled 20%-50% of the items and in vitro 60%-100%. The studies included in the meta-analysis demonstrated better histocompatibility with the premixed calcium silicate-based sealers at 30 days and greater cell viability with these sealers when used in undiluted extracts in experimental period of 72 h and in extracts with 1:2 and 1:4 dilution in 24 and 72 h. In contrast, no difference between materials was found concerning genotoxicity. Conclusion Premixed calcium silicate-based root canal sealers have better histocompatibility and are less cytotoxic than the epoxy resin-based sealer AH Plus, demonstrating favorable biological behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Pereira Malta
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Samantha Simoni Santi
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Fabrício Batistin Zanatta
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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Malta CP, Musachio EAS, Fernandes EJ, Escalante ESS, Benites FV, Prigol M, Barcelos RCS, Morgental RD, Segat HJ. Oxidative damage analysis and cell viability of Drosophila melanogaster exposed to three different endodontic sealers: an in vivo and ex vivo study. Odontology 2024:10.1007/s10266-024-00925-1. [PMID: 38493437 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-024-00925-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the toxicological action of AH Plus (AHP), Bio-C Sealer (BCS), and EndoSequence BC Sealer (ESB), using Drosophila melanogaster as the model organism performing in vivo and ex vivo analysis. D. melanogaster were exposed for 10 days to three concentrations (5 mg/ml, 10 mg/ml, and 20 mg/ml) of AHP, BCS, and ESB sealers mixed with 10 ml of standard diet. During this period, the mortality of flies was evaluated. On the 11th day, the locomotor activity test was performed and the flies were euthanized for oxidative damage analysis (reactive species and lipid peroxidation) and cell viability (resazurin reduction). For the mortality curves evaluation, the log-rank test (Mantel-Cox) was used. For the analysis of other data, a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied, followed by Tukey's post hoc test (α = 0.05). Regarding mortality, there were no significant differences. The locomotor activity was reduced, mainly in the two highest concentrations of AHP and BCS. Besides, reactive species generation was bigger in the AHP 20 mg/ml group. AHP induced a lipid peroxidation increase in all three concentrations tested, when compared to other sealers. Considering cell viability, the two highest concentrations of AHP reduced this parameter; while in other sealers, viability was reduced only in the highest concentration. AHP showed changes in oxidative markers that led to greater damage to the flies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Pereira Malta
- Graduate Program in Dental Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria-UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | | | - Eliana Jardim Fernandes
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Pampa-UNIPAMPA, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marina Prigol
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Pampa-UNIPAMPA, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
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Malta CP, Barcelos RCS, Fernandes PS, Martins MO, Sagrillo MR, Bier CAS, Morgental RD. In silico toxicity and immunological interactions of components of calcium silicate-based and epoxy resin-based endodontic sealers. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:148. [PMID: 38353803 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05548-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to determine in silico toxicity predictions of test compounds from hydraulic calcium silicate-based sealers (HCSBS) and AH Plus and computationally simulate the interaction between these substances and mediators of periapical inflammation via molecular docking. MATERIALS AND METHODS All chemical information of the test compounds was obtained from the PubChem site. Predictions for bioavailability and toxicity analyses were determined by the Molinspiration Cheminformatics, pkCSM, ProTox-II and OSIRIS Property Explorer platforms. Molecular docking was performed using the Autodock4 AMDock v.1.5.2 program to analyse interactions between proteins (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-α) and ligands (calcium silicate hydrate, zirconium oxide, bisphenol-A epoxy resin, dibenzylamine, iron oxide and calcium tungstate) to establish the affinity and bonding mode between systems. RESULTS Bisphenol-A epoxy resin had the lowest maximum dose tolerated in humans and was the test compound with the largest number of toxicological properties (hepatotoxicity, carcinogenicity and irritant). All systems had favourable molecular docking. However, the ligands bisphenol-A epoxy resin and dibenzylamine had the greatest affinity with the cytokines tested. CONCLUSION In silico predictions and molecular docking pointed the higher toxicity and greater interaction with mediators of periapical inflammation of the main test compounds from AH Plus compared to those from HCSBS. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This is the first in silico study involving endodontic materials and may serve as the basis for further research that can generate more data, producing knowledge on the interference of each chemical compound in the composition of different root canal sealers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Pereira Malta
- Graduate Program in Dental Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Av. Roraima 1000, Bairro Camobi, Prédio 26F (Odontologia), Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Raquel Cristine Silva Barcelos
- Graduate Program in Dental Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Av. Roraima 1000, Bairro Camobi, Prédio 26F (Odontologia), Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Pâmella Schramm Fernandes
- Graduate Program in Nanosciences, Universidade Franciscana - UFN, Rua dos Andradas 1614, Bairro Centro, Santa Maria, RS, 97010-030, Brazil
| | - Mirkos Ortiz Martins
- Graduate Program in Nanosciences, Universidade Franciscana - UFN, Rua dos Andradas 1614, Bairro Centro, Santa Maria, RS, 97010-030, Brazil
| | - Michele Rorato Sagrillo
- Graduate Program in Nanosciences, Universidade Franciscana - UFN, Rua dos Andradas 1614, Bairro Centro, Santa Maria, RS, 97010-030, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alexandre Souza Bier
- Graduate Program in Dental Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Av. Roraima 1000, Bairro Camobi, Prédio 26F (Odontologia), Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Renata Dornelles Morgental
- Graduate Program in Dental Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Av. Roraima 1000, Bairro Camobi, Prédio 26F (Odontologia), Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
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Yan Y, Li Y, Chi Y, Ji M, Shen Y, Zou L. A comparative study of biological properties of three root canal sealers. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 28:11. [PMID: 38129367 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05402-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Hiflow with other two kinds of root canal sealers on the biological behavior of stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAP), the influence on inflammatory cytokines release and its antibacterial effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS Material extracts of Hiflow, iRoot SP, and AH Plus were prepared. Then, SCAP was incubated with extracts. The effects were evaluated by CCK-8, wound healing assay, ALP staining, alizarin red staining, and qRT-PCR. Meanwhile, polymorphonuclears (PMNs) and monocytes were isolated and treated with extracts for 4 h and 24 h respectively. Cell viability was analyzed by Annexin-V/PI double staining flow cytometry. The effects on the release of cytokines were observed by ELISA. The antibacterial effects of different sealers were tested against three kinds of bacteria found in chronic apical periodontitis. RESULTS A series of results of SCAP showed that Hiflow and iRoot SP could promote cell proliferation, migration, and osteogenesis (p < 0.05). Although Hiflow was associated with greater cell apoptosis and necrosis when incubated with PMNs and monocytes (p < 0.05), it had an approximate release of anti-inflammatory cytokines with iRoot SP, which was higher than AH plus (p < 0.05). The co-culture showed that Hiflow and iRoot SP inhibited the colony formation of F. nucleatum (p < 0.05). However, both sealers had no obvious antibacterial effect on E. faecalis and P. gingivalis (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In summary, Hiflow and iRoot SP both had positive biological stimulus on SCAP. Meanwhile, Hiflow showed a better induction on anti-inflammatory cytokines over the others. All the properties mentioned above and its antibacterial effect of F. nucleatum promise Hiflow a bright application prospect in endodontic uses. CLINICAL RELEVANCE References for clinical work to use BC Sealer Hiflow as a good biological root canal sealer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanyao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yaqi Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Mengzhen Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ya Shen
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Oral Biological & Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Ling Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Melo ADP, de Rosatto CMP, Ferraz DC, de Souza GL, Moura CCG. Evaluation of Cytotoxicity, Cell Attachment, and Elemental Characterization of Three Calcium Silicate-Based Sealers. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6705. [PMID: 37895687 PMCID: PMC10608491 DOI: 10.3390/ma16206705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
We investigated three calcium silicate-based sealers with respect to their chemical characterization, cytotoxicity, and attachment to RAW264.7 cells. BioRoot RCS (BR), Bio-C Sealer (BC), and Sealer Plus BC (SPBC) were assessed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) (n = 4) for elemental characterization, and using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to evaluate cell morphology and adhesion. Cytotoxicity was determined at different dilutions (1:1, 1:2, and 1:5) using the succinate dehydrogenase activity (MTT assay). Statistical analysis was performed for normal distribution using the Shapiro-Wilk test and for homoscedasticity using Levene's test, and one-way ANOVA, Tukey's/Dunnett's post hoc tests for cell viability and XRF (α = 0.05). Calcium silicate hydrate and calcium hydroxide were detected by FTIR in all groups. EDX detected a higher calcium content for BR and SPBC and aluminum only in the premixed sealers. XRF detected the highest calcium release in BR (p < 0.05). The surface morphology showed irregular precipitates for all the sealers. SPBC at a 1:2 dilution resulted in the lowest cell viability compared to BR (p < 0.05) and BC (p < 0.05). The calcium silicate-based sealers produced a statistically significant reduction in cellular viability at a 1:1 dilution compared to the control group (p < 0.0001). All the sealers maintained viability above 70%.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Camilla Christian Gomes Moura
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38405-318, MG, Brazil; (A.d.P.M.); (C.M.P.d.R.); (D.C.F.); (G.L.d.S.)
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Martorano AS, Messias NS, Bighetti-Trevisan RL, de Oliveira PT, de Castro Raucci LMS, Raucci Neto W. In vitro inflammatory modulation of bioceramic endodontic sealer in macrophages stimulated by bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Int Endod J 2023; 56:213-226. [PMID: 36314853 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the effects of AH Plus (Dentsply), Sealer 26 (Dentsply), and Sealer Plus BC (Produtos Médicos e Odontológicos) on cytotoxicity and inflammation in macrophage cultures exposed to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). METHODOLOGY After initial setting, the sealers were conditioned with serum-free culture medium for 24 h (1 ml/cm2 ). Macrophages from the RAW 264.7 strain were exposed to sealer extracts in a 1:16 ratio in a culture medium with or without LPS. Cell morphology, viability, mitochondrial activity, oxidative stress and gene expression of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were evaluated. Data on mitochondrial activity, oxidative stress and TNF-α were analysed using a two-way analysis of variance (anova) test, followed by the Student-Newman-Keuls post-test. IL-1β data were analysed using one-way anova, followed by SNK, and the t-test was used for intragroup comparison. The significance level was set at 5%. RESULTS In the absence of LPS, only AH Plus and Sealer 26 showed a reduction in cell density, while in the presence of LPS, Sealer 26 had the lowest density compared to the other groups. In terms of mitochondrial activity, at 24 and 48 h, Sealer Plus BC had significantly higher mean values than Sealer 26 and AH Plus (p < .05). Sealer 26 exhibited the lowest levels of oxidative stress and IL-1β and TNF-α expression, regardless of the presence of LPS (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS Although all sealers interfere with the response of macrophages to LPS, contact with epoxy resin-based sealers can impair cell activity in vitro, while bioceramic sealer seems to favour the inflammatory functions of these cells.
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Benetti F, Ferreira LL, Dos Reis-Prado AH, Faria FD, Ervolino E, Berbert FLCV, Leonardo RDT, Dias J, Gomes-Filho JE, Cintra LTA. Interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and CD5 immunolabeling of new experimental endodontic sealer and repair material. Odontology 2023; 111:93-104. [PMID: 35751826 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-022-00723-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility and immunoinflammatory response of the Sealepox and Sealepox-RP, based on interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and CD5 immunolabelling. The ProRoot MTA (PRMTA) was used for comparison. Polyethylene tubes (1.0-mm internal, 1.6-mm external diameter, and 10.0-mm length; ISO 10993) with or without (control) materials were randomly implanted in the dorsum of 35 rats (4 per rat). After 7, 15, 30, 60, and 90 days (n = 7), the tubes were removed for histological and immunohistochemical analysis. The Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's test for non-parametric data and, ANOVA and Tukey test for parametric data were used (P < 0.05). Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed that the concentration of inflammatory cells decreased over time with no differences between groups in all periods (P > 0.05). Regarding IL-6 immunostaining, there was no difference at 7 days (P > 0.05); all groups decreased over time, being faster for the PRMTA group and also, with no differences between groups in the last period (P > 0.05). For TNF-α, at 7 days there was no difference between groups (P > 0.05); there was an increase at 15 days for PRMTA and, at 30 and 60 days, for PRMTA and Sealepox compared to the control (P < 0.05). At 90 days, Sealepox RP showed the lowest immunostaining being similar to the control (P > 0.05). Regarding CD5 cells, at 7 days, there was high immunostaining for PRMTA compared to the control (P < 0.05); and significant reduction over time with difference for all groups at 30 and 60 days. (P < 0.05); Sealepox was similar to the control in all periods (P > 0.05). Sealepox RP showed the highest immunostaining at 15 days, being different from the control and PRMTA (P < 0.05); in the other periods it was similar to the control (P > 0.05). It can be concluded that Sealepox and Sealepox-RP were biocompatible and demonstrated similar immunoinflammatory response regarding IL-6, TNF-α, and CD5 compared to PRMTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine Benetti
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Endodontic Section, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), R: José Bonifácio, 1193. Vila Mendonça, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana Louzada Ferreira
- Endodontic Section, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), R: José Bonifácio, 1193. Vila Mendonça, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Henrique Dos Reis-Prado
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Flávio Duarte Faria
- Endodontic Section, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), R: José Bonifácio, 1193. Vila Mendonça, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edilson Ervolino
- Department of Basic Science, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Renato de Toledo Leonardo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - João Dias
- University Institute Egas Moniz (IUEM), Monte de Caparica, Almada, Portugal
| | - João Eduardo Gomes-Filho
- Endodontic Section, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), R: José Bonifácio, 1193. Vila Mendonça, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciano Tavares Angelo Cintra
- Endodontic Section, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), R: José Bonifácio, 1193. Vila Mendonça, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil. .,School of Dentistry, Dental Assistance Center for Disabled Persons (CAOE) of the São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.
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Ferreira GC, Pinheiro LS, Nunes JS, de Almeida Mendes R, Schuster CD, Soares RG, Kopper PMP, de Figueiredo JAP, Grecca FS. Evaluation of the biological and physicochemical properties of calcium silicate-based and epoxy resin-based root canal sealers. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2021; 110:1344-1353. [PMID: 34951737 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Biocompatibility, dimensional stability, radiopacity, flow, and low solubility are the characteristics of an ideal endodontic sealer. This study evaluated and compared in vivo and in vitro biological and physicochemical properties of calcium silicate-based sealers: Sealer Plus BC (BC), MTA Fillapex (MF); and resin-based sealers: AH Plus (AHP) and Sealer Plus (SP). Apical papilla cells were exposed to sealer extracts and subjected to MTT, SRB, scratch, alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity (ALP) and Alizarin red staining (ALZ) assays. Sealers were histologically evaluated in connective tissue of Wistar rats in different periods. Radiopacity, film thickness, flow, setting time, pH and element analyses were investigated. BC had better results compared to AHP and MF at hour 72 for MTT assay (p < .05), and the highest cell viability under SRB (p < .05). All sealers presented ALP activity. BC presented the highest mineralized deposition under ALZ (p < .05). BC and MF promoted wound healing. All sealers induced an initial inflammation reaction that decreased over time. Eosinophils were observed at day 7 in MF (p < .05). Despite MF did not present final setting time, the sealers properties were in accordance to ISO 6876/2012 and ASTM C266-08. All sealers presented cell viability and biocompatibility. BC presented higher pH values and bioactivity. The materials tested showed physico-chemical properties in accordance with standards, except for MF setting time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Cardoso Ferreira
- Post Graduate Program in Dentistry, Dental School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lucas Siqueira Pinheiro
- Post Graduate Program in Dentistry, Dental School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Júlia Silveira Nunes
- Post Graduate Program in Dentistry, Dental School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Roberta de Almeida Mendes
- Post Graduate Program in Dentistry, Dental School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | - Patrícia Maria Poli Kopper
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Fabiana Soares Grecca
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Da Silva RAB, Da Silva LAB, Gabriel-Junior EA, Sorgi CA, Faccioli LH, Massoni VV, Nelson-Filho P, Pucinelli CM. M1 and M2 macrophages phenotypes modulation after stimuli with materials used in endodontic treatment. Braz Dent J 2021; 32:32-43. [PMID: 34755788 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202104038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the M1 and M2 macrophage modulation after stimuli with different materials used during endodontic treatment. In bone marrow-derived macrophage cell culture, from males C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) mice, gene expression analysis of markers to M1 and M2 macrophages was performed by qRT-PCR (Cxcl10, CxCL9, iNOS, Arg1, Chil3, Retnla and MRC1) and cytokine quantification by Luminex® (GM-CSF, IL-10, IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α) after exposure to the five endodontic sealers: AH Plus, Sealapex Xpress, Endosequence BC Sealer, BioRoot RCS and a calcium hydroxide-based paste. For normal values, ANOVA test was used, followed by Tukey post-test. For non-normal values, the Kruskall-Wallis test was used. BioRootTM RCS and EndoSequence BC SealerTM stimulated the highest expression of markers for M1 macrophages, while calcium hydroxide-based paste stimulated the lowest expression of these gene markers. For M2 protein markers, BioRootTM RCS presented the highest stimulation while calcium hydroxide-based paste also presented the lowest stimulation. It was concluded that all the evaluated filling materials increased the genetic expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory markers: TNF-α and IL-10 respectively. The others proinflammatory mediators showed differences against the filling materials. However, this process did not induce the inflammatory response polarization, resulting in a hybrid macrophage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Assed Bezerra Da Silva
- Departamento de Clínica Infantil- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Léa Assed Bezerra Da Silva
- Departamento de Clínica Infantil- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Edson Alves Gabriel-Junior
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Carlos Arterio Sorgi
- Departamento de Química - Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciência e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Lúcia Helena Faccioli
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Vivian Vicentin Massoni
- Departamento de Clínica Infantil- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Paulo Nelson-Filho
- Departamento de Clínica Infantil- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Carolina Maschietto Pucinelli
- Departamento de Clínica Infantil- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
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Pérez-Serrano RM, Soza-Bolaños AI, Castillo-Valdés SN, Hernández-Valdez G, Mora-Izaguirre O, González-Dávalos ML, Dammaschke T, Domínguez-Pérez RA. Endodontic set sealer eluates promote cytokine production in human mononuclear and periodontal ligament cells. AUST ENDOD J 2021; 47:415-422. [PMID: 33650775 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Endodontic freshly mixed sealers display toxic effects; however, these are significantly reduced and most become relatively inert in the set state but there is no information about the possible inflammatory reaction promoted by them. Four contemporary and different formulated endodontic set sealers (MTA Fillapex, BioRoot RCS, AH Plus, and Pulp Canal Sealer) were evaluated. Human periodontal ligament cells and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated for 3, 6, 12 and 24 h. Interleukin-6, tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-8 and interleukin-10 concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All endodontic set sealer eluates promoted a similar production (P ˃ 0.05) of the four cytokines. However, their concentrations decreased within a short time period to nearly undetectable concentrations after 24 h, suggesting that the studied endodontic set sealers do not possess inflammatory properties which has favoured their long-term use in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa M Pérez-Serrano
- Endodontic Specialization Program, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, Mexico.,Laboratorio de Investigación Odontológica Multidisciplinaria, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Ana I Soza-Bolaños
- Endodontic Specialization Program, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Samantha N Castillo-Valdés
- Endodontic Specialization Program, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Hernández-Valdez
- Endodontic Specialization Program, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, Mexico
| | | | | | - Till Dammaschke
- Department of Periodontology and Operative Dentistry, Westphalian Wilhelms-University, Münster, Germany
| | - Rubén A Domínguez-Pérez
- Endodontic Specialization Program, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, Mexico.,Laboratorio de Investigación Odontológica Multidisciplinaria, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Queretaro, Mexico
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Comparative Cytocompatibility and Mineralization Potential of Bio-C Sealer and TotalFill BC Sealer. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12193087. [PMID: 31546696 PMCID: PMC6804055 DOI: 10.3390/ma12193087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the cytocompatibility and mineralization potential of two premixed hydraulic endodontic sealers compared with an epoxy resin-based root canal sealer. The cellular responses and mineralization capacity were studied in human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) that were exposed to premixed hydraulic sealers, Bio-C Sealer (Angelus, Londrína, PR, Brazil), TotalFill BC Sealer (FKG Dentaire SA, La-Chaux-de-fonds, Switzerland) and an epoxy resin-based material, AH Plus (Dentsply De Trey, Konstanz, Germany). Non-exposed cultures served as the control. The endodontic sealers were assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX). Statistical analyses were done using Analisis of Variance (ANOVA), with Bonferroni adjusted pairwise comparison (p = 0.05). AH Plus reduced cell viability and cell migration, whereas increased cell viability and cell migration were observed in the Bio-C Sealer and the TotalFill BC Sealer (p < 0.05). The lowest cell attachment and spreading were observed for all concentrations of AH Plus, whereas the highest were observed for TotalFill BC Sealer. At the end of 21 days, only the Bio-C Sealer and the TotalFill BC Sealer supported matrix mineralization (p < 0.05). Additionally, SEM-EDX revealed high content of calcium, oxygen, and silicon in the Bio-C Sealer and the TotalFill BC Sealer. Based on the results from this study, Bio-C Sealer and TotalFill BC Sealer demonstrated better cytocompatibility in terms of cell viability, migration, cell morphology, cell attachment, and mineralization capacity than AH Plus.
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López-García S, Myong-Hyun B, Lozano A, García-Bernal D, Forner L, Llena C, Guerrero-Gironés J, Murcia L, Rodríguez-Lozano FJ. Cytocompatibility, bioactivity potential, and ion release of three premixed calcium silicate-based sealers. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 24:1749-1759. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-03036-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Biocompatibility and Mineralization Activity of Three Calcium Silicate-Based Root Canal Sealers Compared to Conventional Resin-Based Sealer in Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12152482. [PMID: 31387241 PMCID: PMC6696455 DOI: 10.3390/ma12152482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the cytotoxic effects and mineralization activity of three calcium silicate-based root canal sealers to those of a conventional resin-based sealer. Experiments were performed using human dental pulp stem cells grown in a monolayer culture. The root canal sealers tested in this study were EndoSequence BC Sealer (Brasseler), BioRoot RCS (Septodont), Endoseal MTA (Maruchi), and AH Plus (Dentsply DeTrey). Experimental disks 6 mm in diameter and 3 mm in height were made and stored in a 100% humidity chamber at 37 °C for 72 h to achieve setting. The cytotoxicity of various root canal sealers was evaluated using a methyl-thiazoldiphenyl-tetrazolium (MTT) assay. To evaluate cell migration ability, a scratch wound healing method was used, and images of the scratch area were taken using a phase-contrast microscope. Cell morphology was evaluated by a scanning electron microscope after direct exposure for 72 h to each sealer disk. In the cell viability assay, there were no significant differences between the EndoSequence BC, BioRoot RCS, Endoseal MTA, and control groups in any experimental period (p > 0.05). In the cell migration assay, there were no significant differences between the EndoSequence BC, Endoseal MTA, and control groups in any experimental period (p > 0.05). BioRoot RCS exhibited slower cell migration relative to EndoSequence BC and Endoseal MTA for up to 72 h (p < 0.05). Conversely, it showed a similar wound healing percentage at 96 h (p > 0.05). In an evaluation of cell morphology, cells in direct contact with EndoSequence BC, BioRoot RCS, and Endoseal MTA disks showed superior spreading compared to those in contact with the AH Plus disk. In an Alizarin red staining assay, EndoSequence BC, BioRoot RCS, and Endoseal MTA showed a significant increase in mineralized nodule formation compared to the AH Plus group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, all calcium silicate-based root canal sealers tested in this study showed good biological properties and mineralization activity compared to conventional resin-based sealer.
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