1
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García-Dolores F, Tendilla-Beltrán H, Flores F, Carbajal-Rimoldi LA, Mendoza-Morales RC, Gómez-Mendoza LE, Vázquez-Hernández AJ, de la Cruz F, Genis-Mendoza AD, Nicolini H, Flores G. Increased suicide rates in Mexico City during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak: An analysis spanning from 2016 to 2021. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16420. [PMID: 37274652 PMCID: PMC10228161 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has impacted mental health worldwide, and suicide can be a serious outcome of this. Thus, suicide characteristics were examined before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico City. Methods This is a retrospective study including all Mexico City residents who had a coroner's record with a cause of death of intentional self-harm (ICD-10) from January 2016 to December 2021. Results From 2016 to 2021, 3636 people committed suicide, of which 2869 were males (78.9%) and 767 females (21.1%). From 2016 to 2019 the suicide rate remained constant (∼6 per 100000) and dramatically increased in 2020 (10.45 per 100,000), to return to the levels of the previous year in 2021 (6.95 per 100000). The suicide rate in 2020 specifically increased from January to June (COVID-19 outbreak) in all age groups. Moreover, every year young people (15-24 years) have the maximum suicide rate and depression was the main suicide etiology. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak increased the suicide rate, regardless of age, but suicide prevalence was higher in males and young people, regardless of the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings confirm that suicide is a complex and multifactorial problem and will allow the establishment of new guidelines for prevention and care strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando García-Dolores
- Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Tribunal Superior de Justicia de la Ciudad de México (TSJCDMX), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hiram Tendilla-Beltrán
- Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Fidel de la Cruz
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alma Delia Genis-Mendoza
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
- Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil Dr. Juan N. Navarro, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Humberto Nicolini
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gonzalo Flores
- Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
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2
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Nervous system manifestations related to COVID-19 and their possible mechanisms. Brain Res Bull 2022; 187:63-74. [PMID: 35772604 PMCID: PMC9236920 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In December 2019, the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection broke. With the gradual deepening understanding of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, researchers and clinicians noticed that this disease is closely related to the nervous system and has complex effects on the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). In this review, we summarize the effects and mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 on the nervous system, including the pathways of invasion, direct and indirect effects, and associated neuropsychiatric diseases, to deepen our knowledge and understanding of the relationship between COVID-19 and the nervous system.
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3
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Efstathiou V, Stefanou MI, Demetriou M, Siafakas N, Makris M, Tsivgoulis G, Zoumpourlis V, Kympouropoulos S, Tsoporis J, Spandidos D, Smyrnis N, Rizos E. Long COVID and neuropsychiatric manifestations (Review). Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:363. [PMID: 35493431 PMCID: PMC9019760 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
There is accumulating evidence in the literature indicating that a number of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may experience a range of neuropsychiatric symptoms, persisting or even presenting following the resolution of acute COVID-19. Among the neuropsychiatric manifestations more frequently associated with ‘long COVID’ are depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, sleep disturbances, fatigue and cognitive deficits, that can potentially be debilitating and negatively affect patients' wellbeing, albeit in the majority of cases symptoms tend to improve over time. Despite variations in results obtained from studies using different methodological approaches to define ‘long COVID’ syndrome, the most widely accepted factors associated with a higher risk of developing neuropsychiatric manifestations include the severity of foregoing COVID-19, the female sex, the presence of comorbidities, a history of mental health disease and an elevation in the levels of inflammatory markers, albeit further research is required to establish causal associations. To date, the pathophysiological mechanisms implicated in neuropsychiatric manifestations of ‘long COVID’ remain only partially elucidated, while the role of the indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, such as social isolation and uncertainty concerning social, financial and health recovery post-COVID, have also been highlighted. Given the alarming effects of ‘long-COVID’, interdisciplinary cooperation for the early identification of patients who are at a high risk of persistent neuropsychiatric presentations, beyond COVID-19 recovery, is crucial to ensure that appropriate integrated physical and mental health support is provided, with the aim of mitigating the risks of long-term disability at a societal and individual level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Efstathiou
- Second Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘Attikon’ University General Hospital, Athens 12462, Greece
| | - Maria-Ioanna Stefanou
- Second Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘Attikon’ University General Hospital, Athens 12462, Greece
| | - Marina Demetriou
- Second Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘Attikon’ University General Hospital, Athens 12462, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Siafakas
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘Attikon’ University General Hospital, Athens 12462, Greece
| | - Michael Makris
- Allergy Unit, Second Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘Attikon’ University General Hospital, Athens 12462, Greece
| | - Georgios Tsivgoulis
- Second Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘Attikon’ University General Hospital, Athens 12462, Greece
| | - Vassilios Zoumpourlis
- Biomedical Applications Unit, Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), Athens 11635, Greece
| | - Stylianos Kympouropoulos
- Second Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘Attikon’ University General Hospital, Athens 12462, Greece
| | - James Tsoporis
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Demetrios Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Smyrnis
- Second Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘Attikon’ University General Hospital, Athens 12462, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Rizos
- Second Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘Attikon’ University General Hospital, Athens 12462, Greece
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4
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Sixto-López Y, Correa-Basurto J. HDAC inhibition as neuroprotection in COVID-19 infection. Curr Top Med Chem 2022; 22:1369-1378. [PMID: 35240959 DOI: 10.2174/1568026622666220303113445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 virus is responsible of COVID-19 affecting millions of humans around the world. COVID-19 shows diverse clinical symptoms (fever, cough, fatigue, diarrhea, body aches, headaches, anosmia and hyposmia). Approximately 30% of the patients with COVID-19 showed neurological symptoms, these going from mild to severe manifestations including headache, dizziness, impaired consciousness, encephalopathy, anosmia, hypogeusia, hyposmia, psychology and psychiatry among others. The neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2 virus explains its neuroinvasion provoking neurological damage as acute demyelination, neuroinflammation etc. At molecular level, the COVID-19 patients had higher levels of cytokines and chemokines known as cytokines storms which disrupt the blood brain barrier allowing the entrance of monocytes and lymphocytes causing neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration and demyelination. In addition, ischemic, hemorrhagic strokes, seizures and encephalopathy have been observed due to the proinflammatory cytokines. In this sense, to avoid or decrease neurological damage due to SARS-CoV-2 infection, an early neuroprotective management should be adopted. Several approaches can be used; one of them includes the use of HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) due to their neuroprotective effects. Also, the HDACi down regulates the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF- decreasing the neurotoxicity. HDACi can also avoid and prevent the entrance of the virus into the Central nervous System (CNS) as well as decrease the virus replication by downregulating the virus receptors. Here we review the mechanisms that could explain how the SARS-CoV-2 virus could reach the CNS, induce the neurological damage and symptoms, as well as the possibility to use HDACi as neuroprotective therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudibeth Sixto-López
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Desarrollo de Nuevos Fármacos e Innovación Biotecnológica (Laboratory for the Design and Development of New Drugs and Biotechnological Innovation), Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México. Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón S/N, Casco de Santo Tomas, Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Correa-Basurto
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Desarrollo de Nuevos Fármacos e Innovación Biotecnológica (Laboratory for the Design and Development of New Drugs and Biotechnological Innovation), Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México. Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón S/N, Casco de Santo Tomas, Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City, Mexico
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5
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Dąbrowska E, Galińska-Skok B, Waszkiewicz N. Depressive and Neurocognitive Disorders in the Context of the Inflammatory Background of COVID-19. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:1056. [PMID: 34685427 PMCID: PMC8541562 DOI: 10.3390/life11101056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The dysfunctional effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection on the nervous system are established. The manifestation of neuropsychiatric symptoms during and after infection is influenced by the neuroinvasive and neurotrophic properties of SARS-CoV-2 as well as strong inflammation characterised by a specific "cytokine storm". Research suggests that a strong immune response to a SARS-CoV-2 infection and psychological stressors related to the pandemic may cause chronic inflammatory processes in the body with elevated levels of inflammatory markers contributing to the intensification of neurodegenerative processes. It is suggested that neuroinflammation and associated central nervous system changes may significantly contribute to the etiopathogenesis of depressive disorders. In addition, symptoms after a COVID-19 infection may persist for up to several weeks after an acute infection as a post-COVID-19 syndrome. Moreover, previous knowledge indicates that among SSRI (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor) group antidepressants, fluoxetine is a promising drug against COVID-19. In conclusion, further research, observation and broadening of the knowledge of the pathomechanism of a SARS-CoV-2 infection and the impact on potential complications are necessary. It is essential to continue research in order to assess the long-term neuropsychiatric effects in COVID-19 patients and to find new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Dąbrowska
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Bialystok, pl. Brodowicza 1, 16-070 Choroszcz, Poland; (B.G.-S.); (N.W.)
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6
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Rivas‐Ramírez ÁR, Tendilla‐Beltrán H, Gómez‐Mendoza LE, Loaiza G, Flores G. Patients with schizophrenia have decreased COVID-19 prevalence among hospitalised patients with psychiatric and neurological diseases: A retrospective analysis in Mexican population. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14528. [PMID: 34125988 PMCID: PMC8420595 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) incidence and mortality in hospitalised patients with psychiatric and neurologic disorders have been reported. METHODS The clinical records of 198 patients with psychiatric and neurological disorders hospitalised in the Dr Rafael Serrano Psychiatric Hospital in Puebla during the peak of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico were analysed for psychiatric or neurologic diagnosis, gender, age, medical diagnosis, and COVID-19 prevalence. For patients with COVID-19, the effects of gender, and medical diagnosis were explored. RESULTS There was an increased COVID-19 prevalence in the studied population (43.94%), compared with the national Mexican (~0.21% to 0.63%) and worldwide average in the general population (~0.13% to 4.28%). However, the mortality rate (5.75%) was lower than that reported in Mexico (11.28%-13.55%), which was higher than the worldwide average (2.95%-4.98%). We detected increased COVID-19 prevalence in patients with comorbidities (odds ratios [OR] 0.4; 95% CI: 0.2-1, P = .0447). Moreover, patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders have a decreased predisposition to COVID-19 (OR 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2-0.8; P = .0250), as opposed to patients with intellectual disability that are predisposed to COVID-19 (OR 2.2, 95% CI: 0.2-0.8; P = .0434), in comparison with the rest of the hospital population. CONCLUSION The prevalence of COVID-19 in hospitalised patients with psychiatric disorders is increased compared with that of the general population; however, a lower mortality rate was detected. Also, an increased risk of COVID-19 was detected in patients with comorbidities. Interestingly, the observed variation in COVID-19 prevalence in patients with schizophrenia and intellectual disability was not associated with age or other specific medical diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiram Tendilla‐Beltrán
- Laboratorio de NeuropsiquiatríaInstituto de FisiologíaBenemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP)PueblaMexico
| | | | | | - Gonzalo Flores
- Laboratorio de NeuropsiquiatríaInstituto de FisiologíaBenemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP)PueblaMexico
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7
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Alkeridy WA, Alanazy MH, Alamri N, Alqahtani A, Alhazzani A, Muayqil T. The Common Neurological Presentations and Clinical Outcomes of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Saudi Arabia. Front Neurol 2021; 12:737328. [PMID: 34566878 PMCID: PMC8455892 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.737328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Neurological manifestations have increasingly become recognized in COVID-19. People from different ethnic backgrounds are experiencing different outcomes related to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Several cohort studies reported the common neurological manifestations and complications associated with COVID-19 disease around the world however, the prevalence of neurological complications associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Arab countries and Saudi Arabia is still unknown. Objective: To study the prevalence, risk factors, and characteristics of the neurological complications associated with COVID-19 and their relationship with clinical outcomes. Methods: We conducted a prospective, single-center, observational, cohort study of consecutive hospitalized adults COVID-19 patients with and without neurological manifestation admitted between March 2020 until the end of December 2020. Data was collected prospectively using electronic medical records; Cases and controls were observed until they either get discharged from the hospital or died. The primary outcomes were death, survival, and survival with sequalae. Results: Among 497 patients with COVID-19, 118 patients (23.7%) had neurological complications, 94 patients (18.9%) had encephalopathy, and 16 patients (3.2%) had cerebrovascular accidents (CVA). Patients with COVID-19-related neurological complications were older and more likely to have a pre-existing neurological disease. The most common neurological syndrome associated with COVID-19 were encephalopathy (18.9%) and headache (13.7%). Pre-existing neurological disease and an elevated neutrophil count were the strongest predictors of developing any neurological complications. Death form COVID-19 was associated with age (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.02–1.10, P = 0.001), invasive ventilation (OR 37.12, 95% CI 13.36–103.14), COVID-19-related-neurological complications (OR 3.24, 95% CI 1.28–8.21, P = 0.01), and elevated CRP level (OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00–1.01, P = 0.01). Conclusions: COVID-19 is associated with a wide range of neurological manifestations in people living in Saudi Arabia, with older individuals and those with underlying neurological disorders being most at risk. The presence of neurological complications was associated with increased mortality and poor outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid A Alkeridy
- Department of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medicine, Geriatric Division, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Nada Alamri
- Department of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Adel Alhazzani
- Department of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taim Muayqil
- Department of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Athamneh M, Sa'di Q, Aldabbour B, Khader Y, Batayha W. Knowledge, attitudes, and impact of COVID-19 pandemic among neurology patients in Jordan: a cross-sectional study. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROSURGERY 2021; 57:104. [PMID: 34341652 PMCID: PMC8319703 DOI: 10.1186/s41983-021-00354-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on health services offered to patients with non-communicable diseases, including chronic neurological illnesses, are diverse and universal. We used a self-reported questionnaire to investigate these impacts on neurology patients in Jordan and assess their knowledge and attitudes towards the pandemic. Results Most respondents had positive attitudes towards the COVID-19 pandemic, with 96% reporting they believed in the seriousness of the pandemic and adhered to prevention measures. Nearly 97% resorted to the internet and media outlets for medical information about the pandemic. About one in five clinic visitors had their appointments delayed due to interruption of health services. A similar portion of patients with MS, epilepsy, and migraine or tension headache reported medication interruptions during the pandemic. One in two patients reported new events or worsening illness since the start of the pandemic, and sleep disturbances were reported by nearly one in three patients who had epilepsy or headache. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic’s impacts on patients with neurological illnesses in Jordan were deep and diverse. Meanwhile, the majority of surveyed neurology patients demonstrated a positive attitude towards the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Athamneh
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Qais Sa'di
- Department of Neurology, Princess Basma Teaching Hospital, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Belal Aldabbour
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Irbid, Jordan
| | - Yousef Khader
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Waleed Batayha
- Department of Neurology, Princess Basma Teaching Hospital, Irbid, Jordan
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9
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Chen F, Hao L, Zhu S, Yang X, Shi W, Zheng K, Wang T, Chen H. Potential Adverse Effects of Dexamethasone Therapy on COVID-19 Patients: Review and Recommendations. Infect Dis Ther 2021; 10:1907-1931. [PMID: 34296386 PMCID: PMC8298044 DOI: 10.1007/s40121-021-00500-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the context of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the global healthcare community has raced to find effective therapeutic agents against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). To date, dexamethasone is the first and an important therapeutic to significantly reduce the risk of death in COVID-19 patients with severe disease. Due to powerful anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects, dexamethasone could attenuate SARS-CoV-2-induced uncontrolled cytokine storm, severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and lung injury. Nevertheless, dexamethasone treatment is a double-edged sword, as numerous studies have revealed that it has significant adverse impacts later in life. In this article, we reviewed the literature regarding the adverse effects of dexamethasone administration on different organ systems as well as related disease pathogenesis in an attempt to clarify the potential harms that may arise in COVID-19 patients receiving dexamethasone treatment. Overall, taking the threat of COVID19 pandemic into account, we think it is necessary to apply dexamethasone as a pharmaceutical therapy in critical patients. However, its adverse side effects cannot be ignored. Our review will help medical professionals in the prognosis and follow-up of patients treated with dexamethasone. In addition, given that a considerable amount of uncertainty, confusion and even controversy still exist, further studies and more clinical trials are urgently needed to improve our understanding of the parameters and the effects of dexamethasone on patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chen
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Rd, Jining, 272067, China.
| | - Lanting Hao
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Rd, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Shiheng Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Rd, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Xinyuan Yang
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Rd, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Wenhao Shi
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Rd, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Kai Zheng
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Rd, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Tenger Wang
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Rd, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Huiran Chen
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Rd, Jining, 272067, China
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10
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Wang L, Ren Z, Ma L, Han Y, Wei W, Jiang E, Ji XY. Progress in Research on SARS-CoV-2 Infection Causing Neurological Diseases and Its Infection Mechanism. Front Neurol 2021; 11:592888. [PMID: 33519677 PMCID: PMC7838637 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.592888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 has spread rapidly worldwide since its outbreak and has now become a major public health problem. More and more evidence indicates that SARS-CoV-2 may not only affect the respiratory system but also cause great harm to the central nervous system. Therefore, it is extremely important to explore in-depth the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the nervous system. In this paper, the possible mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 invading the central nervous system during COVID-19, and the neurological complications caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection were reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lintao Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation and Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Bio-safety, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Zhiguang Ren
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation and Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Bio-safety, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Li Ma
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation and Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Bio-safety, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanjie Han
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation and Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Bio-safety, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,Clinical Laboratory, Functional Laboratory, Respiratory Department, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, China
| | - Wenqiang Wei
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation and Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Bio-safety, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Enshe Jiang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation and Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Bio-safety, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,Institute of Nursing and Health, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xin-Ying Ji
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation and Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Bio-safety, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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