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Yamamoto R, Shinzawa M, Yoshimura R, Taneike M, Nakanishi K, Nishida M, Yamauchi-Takihara K, Kudo T, Moriyama T. Living alone and prediction of weight gain and overweight/obesity in university students: a retrospective cohort study. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2021:1-10. [PMID: 34586035 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1927052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To assess the clinical impact of living alone on weight gain in university students. Participants: This retrospective cohort study included 17540 male and 8854 female university students admitted to a national university in Japan. Methods: An association between living arrangement and the incidence of weight gain ≥10% and overweight/obesity (body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2) was assessed using multivariable-adjusted Poisson regression models. Results: Weight gain was observed in 1889 (10.8%) male and 1516 (17.1%) female students during 3.0 and 2.9 years of the mean observational period, respectively. Living alone was identified as a significant predictor of weight gain (adjusted incidence rate ratio of living alone vs. living with family: 1.24 [1.13-1.36] and 1.76 [1.58-1.95] in male and female students, respectively) and was also as a predictor of overweight/obesity. Conclusions: University students living alone were at a significantly higher risk of weight gain and overweight/obesity than those living with family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Yamamoto
- Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Health Promotion and Regulation, Department of Health Promotion Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - Maki Shinzawa
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | | | - Manabu Taneike
- Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - Kaori Nakanishi
- Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - Makoto Nishida
- Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan
| | | | - Takashi Kudo
- Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - Toshiki Moriyama
- Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Health Promotion and Regulation, Department of Health Promotion Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Toyonaka, Japan
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Pinhas-Hamiel O, Reichman B, Afek A, Derazne E, Tzur D, Hamiel U, Bader T, Muhsen K, Twig G. Socioeconomic inequalities and severe obesity-Sex differences in a nationwide study of 1.12 million Israeli adolescents. Pediatr Obes 2020; 15:e12681. [PMID: 32558366 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In a nationwide population of adolescents, we investigated the sex-specific association of socioeconomic position (SEP) with severe obesity, and trends over time. METHODS The cohort comprises all Israeli adolescents (mean ± SD age 17.3 ± 0.5 years) who were medically examined, before mandatory military service during 2000 to 2015. Of 1 120 362 adolescents, 239 816 (21.4%) were classified with overweight or with obesity classes I to III using the International Obesity Task Force criteria. Data were compared between 2000 to 2009 and 2010 to 2015. RESULTS Considering more advantaged residential SEP as the reference group, the respective odds ratios (ORs ± 95%CI) of less advantaged SEP for obesity classes I to III in 2010 to 2015 were 1.48 (1.40-1.56), 1.66 (1.51-1.83), and 1.73 (1.45-2.08) for males; and 1.72 (1.60-1.84), 1.89 (1.66-2.15), and 2.62 (2.04-3.37) for females. All point estimates were higher than in the preceding decade. Considering female inductees from the more advantaged SEP as the reference group, ORs were higher for males in the more advantaged SEP group, for overweight, 1.31 (1.27-1.36); class I obesity, 1.29 (1.20-1.38); class II obesity, 1.34 (1.18-1.53); and class III obesity, 1.60 (1.24-2.07). Similarly, in the less and medium advantaged SEP groups, increased ORs for males compared with females were observed in all obesity groups. Results persisted using United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts. CONCLUSIONS Adolescents with less rather than more advantaged residential SEP are at greater risk of severe obesity. Adolescent males, of all residential SEP groups had higher odds than females for all classes of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orit Pinhas-Hamiel
- Pediatric Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Brian Reichman
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,The Women and Children's Health Research Unit, Gertner Institute, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Arnon Afek
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Central Management, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Estela Derazne
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dorit Tzur
- Surgeon General Headquarters, Israel Defense Forces, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Uri Hamiel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Pediatrics, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Israel
| | - Tarif Bader
- Surgeon General Headquarters, Israel Defense Forces, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Department of Military Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Khitam Muhsen
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Gilad Twig
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Surgeon General Headquarters, Israel Defense Forces, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Department of Military Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.,Department of Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
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Exeter DJ, Shackleton N, Browne M, Zhao J, Lee A, Crengle S. Different domains of deprivation and their relationship with obesity in New Zealand 4-year-old children. Pediatr Obes 2019; 14:e12520. [PMID: 30848109 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a relationship between childhood obesity and area-level deprivation. While the New Zealand Index of Deprivation (NZDep) has been used widely in research for the past 20 years, the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) was released in 2017. This study aims to investigate the association between deprivation and childhood obesity in New Zealand and compare measures of deprivation. METHODS Data from 316 794 4-year-olds in New Zealand undertaking the B4 School Check in 2010 to 2016, a national health and development screen, were analysed. Multilevel logistic regression models assessed the relationship between area-level deprivation and individual-level child obesity. Models were adjusted for age, sex, immigration status, ethnicity, and year. Deprivation was measured using the census-based NZDep2013 (deciles) and the administrative data-based IMD (deciles). The seven domains of the IMD were also considered. RESULTS The relationship between deprivation and obesity was very similar for the IMD and NZDep2013, point estimates were near identical, and confidence intervals overlapped substantially. Higher levels of deprivation were associated with a higher prevalence of child obesity. The relationship between deprivation and child obesity varied considerably across IMD domains. The education domain had the strongest association with child obesity and had an association with child obesity independent of the other domains of deprivation. CONCLUSION Overall, there was little difference between the NZDep and IMD. However, the IMD's domains and IMD-1 approach reveal more nuanced understandings of the deprivation-obesity gradient, including the importance of area-level education deprivation for predicting child obesity rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Exeter
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nichola Shackleton
- Centre of Methods and Policy Application in the Social Sciences (COMPASS), University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,A Better Start -National Science Challenge, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Michael Browne
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jinfeng Zhao
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Arier Lee
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sue Crengle
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dundedin, New Zealand
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Prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescents in Bangladesh: do eating habits and physical activity have a gender differential effect? J Biosoc Sci 2019; 51:843-856. [PMID: 31124767 DOI: 10.1017/s0021932019000142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the gender differential effects of eating habits and physical activity on overweight and obesity among school-aged adolescents in Bangladesh. Nationally representative data extracted from the 2014 Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) were utilized. The survey collected information related to physical and mental health from 2989 school-aged adolescents in Bangladesh. An exploratory data analysis and multivariate logistic regression model were employed in this study. Female adolescents were at a lower risk of being overweight or obese (AOR=0.573) than males, with a prevalence of 7.4% (males: 9.9%). The results showed that high consumption of vegetables (both: AOR=0.454; males: AOR=0.504; females: AOR=0.432), high soft drink consumption (both: AOR=2.357; males: AOR=2.929; females: AOR=1.677), high fast food consumption (both: AOR=2.777; males: AOR=6.064; females: AOR=1.695), sleep disturbance (both: AOR=0.675; males: AOR=0.590; females: AOR=0.555) and regular walking or cycling to school (both: AOR=0.472; males: AOR=0.430; females: AOR=0.557) were vital influencing factors for being overweight or obese among adolescents for both sexes. Sedentary activities during leisure time were also identified as significant predictors of being overweight or obese for males. Regular fruit and vegetable consumption, the avoidance of soft drinks and fast food, an increase in vigorous physical activity, regular attendance at physical education classes and fewer sedentary leisure time activities could all help reduce the risk of being overweight or obese for both sexes.
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Min J, Xue H, Wang Y. Association between household poverty dynamics and childhood overweight risk and health behaviours in the United States: a 8-year nationally representative longitudinal study of 16 800 children. Pediatr Obes 2018; 13:590-597. [PMID: 30110714 PMCID: PMC6191355 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No study has examined how the pattern of income dynamics influences both of children's body mass index (BMI) trajectory and health behaviours. OBJECTIVES To examine the association between household poverty dynamics and childhood overweight risk in the USA. METHODS Using the longitudinal data of 16 800 children (from kindergarten to the 8th grade) in the nationally representative US cohort-Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class 1998-1999, we examined the differences in BMI trajectory, weight-related health behaviours and risk of overweight in association with household poverty dynamics during follow-up (never [no experience of poverty], transient [once], recurrent [≥2 times] and persistent poor [remained]) using mixed models with fractional polynomial functions and estimating equation models. RESULTS Overall, children experiencing poverty were more likely to have adverse BMI growth trajectory and eating and sedentary behaviours compared with the never poor. The recurrently poor children (12.8%) had the fastest BMI trajectory, highest overweight/obesity prevalence from 5 to 16 years old and highest proportion of excessive soda/fast food consumption and irregular exercise at 8th grade than did others (p < 0.05). The persistently poor (8.4%) were the lowest in BMI growth trajectory but became the second highest in childhood obesity through a steady increase in BMI over time. Children in the recurrently poor group had a 1.5 times (95% CI = 1.0-2.2) higher risk of overweight than those having never experienced poverty during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The experience of recurrent household poverty had a significant association with children's adverse eating behaviours and increased obesity risk subsequently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungwon Min
- Systems-Oriented Global Childhood Obesity Intervention Program, Fisher Institute of Health and Well-being, College of Health, Ball State University, USA
| | - Hong Xue
- Systems-Oriented Global Childhood Obesity Intervention Program, Fisher Institute of Health and Well-being, College of Health, Ball State University, USA,Department of Health Behavior and Policy, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA
| | - Youfa Wang
- Systems-Oriented Global Childhood Obesity Intervention Program, Fisher Institute of Health and Well-being, College of Health, Ball State University, USA,Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Health, Ball State University, USA
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