1
|
Della-Morte D, Pacifici F, Simonetto M, Dong C, Dueker N, Blanton SH, Wang L, Rundek T. The role of sirtuins and uncoupling proteins on vascular aging: The Northern Manhattan Study experience. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 220:262-270. [PMID: 38729451 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Aging affects all organs. Arteries, in particular, are among the most affected. Vascular aging (VA) is defined as age-associated changes in function and structure of vessels. Classical VA phenotypes are carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), carotid plaque (CP), and arterial stiffness (STIFF). Individuals have different predisposition to these VA phenotypes and their associated risk of cardiovascular events. Some develop an early vascular aging (EVA), and others are protected and identified as having supernormal vascular aging (SUPERNOVA). The mechanisms leading to these phenotypes are not well understood. In the Northern Manhattan Study (NOMAS), we found genetic variants in the 7 Sirtuins (SIRT) and 5 Uncoupling Proteins (UCP) to be differently associated with risk to developing VA phenotypes. In this article, we review the results of genetic-epidemiology studies to better understand which of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in SIRT and UCP are responsible for both EVA and SUPERNOVA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Della-Morte
- Department of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology, The Evelyn McKnight Brain Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA; Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166, Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesca Pacifici
- Department of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy; Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166, Rome, Italy
| | - Marialaura Simonetto
- Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Chuanhui Dong
- Department of Neurology, The Evelyn McKnight Brain Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Nicole Dueker
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; Dr. John T. Macdonald, Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Susan H Blanton
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; Dr. John T. Macdonald, Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Liyong Wang
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; Dr. John T. Macdonald, Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Tatjana Rundek
- Department of Neurology, The Evelyn McKnight Brain Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lu C, Zhao H, Liu Y, Yang Z, Yao H, Liu T, Gou T, Wang L, Zhang J, Tian Y, Yang Y, Zhang H. Novel Role of the SIRT1 in Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:484-501. [PMID: 36632457 PMCID: PMC9830516 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.78654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), a highly conserved NAD+-dependent deacetylase, is a cellular regulator that has received extensive attention in recent years and regarded as a sensor of cellular energy and metabolism. The accumulated evidence suggests that SIRT1 is involved in the development of endocrine and metabolic diseases. In a variety of organisms, SIRT1 regulates gene expression through the deacetylation of histone, transcription factors, and lysine residues of other modified proteins including several metabolic and endocrine signal transcription factors, thereby enhancing the therapeutic effects of endocrine and metabolic diseases. These evidences indicate that targeting SIRT1 has promising applications in the treatment of endocrine and metabolic diseases. This review focuses on the role of SIRT1 in endocrine and metabolic diseases. First, we describe the background and structure of SIRT1. Then, we outline the role of SIRT1 in endocrine and metabolic diseases such as hyperuricemia, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, osteoporosis, and polycystic ovarian syndrome. Subsequently, the SIRT1 agonists and inhibitors in the above diseases are summarized and future research directions are proposed. Overall, the information presents here may highlight the potential of SIRT1 as a future biomarker and therapeutic target for endocrine and metabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huadong Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Airforce Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Yanqing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Airforce Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Hairong Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tiantian Gou
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Yang Yang: . Huan Zhang: . Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 10 Fengcheng Three Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Yang Yang: . Huan Zhang: . Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 10 Fengcheng Three Road, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Della-Morte D, Dong C, Crisby M, Gardener H, Cabral D, Elkind MSV, Gutierrez J, Sacco RL, Rundek T. Association of Carotid Plaque Morphology and Glycemic and Lipid Parameters in the Northern Manhattan Study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:793755. [PMID: 35141303 PMCID: PMC8818735 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.793755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Low Gray-Scale Median (GSM) index is an ultrasonographic parameter of soft, lipid rich plaque morphology that has been associated with stroke and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We sought to explore the contribution of the modifiable and not-modifiable cardiovascular risk factors (RFs) to vulnerable plaque morphology measured by the low GSM index. A total of 1,030 stroke-free community dwelling individuals with carotid plaques present (mean age, 71.8 ± 9.1; 58% women; 56% Hispanic, 20% Non-Hispanic Black, 22% Non-Hispanic White) were assessed for minimum GSM (min GSM) using high-resolution B-mode carotid ultrasound. Multiple linear regression models were used to evaluate the association between RFs and minGSM after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics. Within an individual, median plaque number was 2 (IQR: 1–3) and mean plaque number 2.3 (SD: 1.4). Mean minGSM was 78.4 ± 28.7 (IQR: 56–96), 76.3 ± 28.8 in men and 80 ± 28.5 in women; 78.7 ± 29.3 in Hispanics participants, 78.5 ± 27.2 in Non-Hispanic Black participants, and 78.2 ± 29 in Non-Hispanic white participants. In multivariable adjusted model, male sex (β = −5.78, p = 0.007), obesity BMI (β = −6.92, p = 0.01), and greater levels of fasting glucose (β = −8.02, p = 0.02) and LDL dyslipidemia (β = −6.64, p = 0.005) were positively associated with lower minGSM, while presence of glucose lowering medication resulted in a significant inverse association (β = 7.68, p = 0.04). Interaction (with p for interaction <0.1) and stratification analyses showed that effect of age on minGSM was stronger in men (β = −0.44, p = 0.03) than in women (β = −0.20, p = 0.18), and in individuals not taking glucose lowering medication (β = −0.33, p = 0.009). Our study has demonstrated an important contribution of glycemic and lipid metabolism to vulnerable, low density or echolucent plaque morphology, especially among men and suggested that use of glucose lowering medication was associated with more fibrose-stable plaque phenotype (greater GSM). Further research is needed to evaluate effects of medical therapies in individuals with vulnerable, low density, non-stenotic carotid plaques and how these effects translate to prevention of cerebrovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Della-Morte
- Department of Neurology, The Evelyn McKnight Brain Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele Roma Open University, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: David Della-Morte
| | - Chuanhui Dong
- Department of Neurology, The Evelyn McKnight Brain Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Milita Crisby
- Department of Neurobiology, Karolinska Institute, Care Sciences and Society, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hannah Gardener
- Department of Neurology, The Evelyn McKnight Brain Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Digna Cabral
- Department of Neurology, The Evelyn McKnight Brain Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Mitchell S. V. Elkind
- Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jose Gutierrez
- Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ralph L. Sacco
- Department of Neurology, The Evelyn McKnight Brain Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Tatjana Rundek
- Department of Neurology, The Evelyn McKnight Brain Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu Y, Shen X, Pang M, Sun Z, Qian Y, Xue W, Wang Z, Li L. Role of histone deacetylase Sirt3 in the development and regression of atherosclerosis. Life Sci 2021; 272:119178. [PMID: 33610576 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is the most common cause of death in cardiovascular diseases and poses severe challenges to human life and safety. Epigenetics plays a vital role in every single link of AS. Whereas, how epigenetics regulates its development and regression is still unknown. Sirt3, a recognized histone deacetylase, having been reported to be involved in other acylation processes in recent years, is broadening its role in epigenetic modifications. Sirt3 is an important factor in the normal physiology of blood vessels through deacetylation of mitochondrial proteins and participates in various metabolic activities. Besides, medical research targeting Sirt3 is in full swing as well. This review combining histone deacetylase Sirt3 with AS, aims to clarify the latest progress in the significant role of Sirt3 in the development and regression of AS and to provide a novel prospect for a new regulatory factor and potential intervention target for AS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xinyi Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Mingchang Pang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhen Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yongjiang Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Wenxin Xue
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhongqun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhao L, Cao J, Hu K, He X, Yun D, Tong T, Han L. Sirtuins and their Biological Relevance in Aging and Age-Related Diseases. Aging Dis 2020; 11:927-945. [PMID: 32765955 PMCID: PMC7390530 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2019.0820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins, initially described as histone deacetylases and gene silencers in yeast, are now known to have many more functions and to be much more abundant in living organisms. The increasing evidence of sirtuins in the field of ageing and age-related diseases indicates that they may provide novel targets for treating diseases associated with aging and perhaps extend human lifespan. Here, we summarize some of the recent discoveries in sirtuin biology that clearly implicate the functions of sirtuins in the regulation of aging and age-related diseases. Furthermore, human sirtuins are considered promising therapeutic targets for anti-aging and ageing-related diseases and have attracted interest in scientific communities to develop small molecule activators or drugs to ameliorate a wide range of ageing disorders. In this review, we also summarize the discovery and development status of sirtuin-targeted drug and further discuss the potential medical strategies of sirtuins in delaying aging and treating age-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Zhao
- 1Peking University Research Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing, China
| | - Jianzhong Cao
- 2Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kexin Hu
- 1Peking University Research Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong He
- 2Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dou Yun
- 1Peking University Research Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing, China
| | - Tanjun Tong
- 1Peking University Research Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing, China
| | - Limin Han
- 1Peking University Research Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ogunbona OB, Claypool SM. Emerging Roles in the Biogenesis of Cytochrome c Oxidase for Members of the Mitochondrial Carrier Family. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:3. [PMID: 30766870 PMCID: PMC6365663 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial carrier family (MCF) is a group of transport proteins that are mostly localized to the inner mitochondrial membrane where they facilitate the movement of various solutes across the membrane. Although these carriers represent potential targets for therapeutic application and are repeatedly associated with human disease, research on the MCF has not progressed commensurate to their physiologic and pathophysiologic importance. Many of the 53 MCF members in humans are orphans and lack known transport substrates. Even for the relatively well-studied members of this family, such as the ADP/ATP carrier and the uncoupling protein, there exist fundamental gaps in our understanding of their biological roles including a clear rationale for the existence of multiple isoforms. Here, we briefly review this important family of mitochondrial carriers, provide a few salient examples of their diverse metabolic roles and disease associations, and then focus on an emerging link between several distinct MCF members, including the ADP/ATP carrier, and cytochrome c oxidase biogenesis. As the ADP/ATP carrier is regarded as the paradigm of the entire MCF, its newly established role in regulating translation of the mitochondrial genome highlights that we still have a lot to learn about these metabolite transporters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oluwaseun B. Ogunbona
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Steven M. Claypool
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cuadrado-Godia E, Srivastava SK, Saba L, Araki T, Suri HS, Giannopolulos A, Omerzu T, Laird J, Khanna NN, Mavrogeni S, Kitas GD, Nicolaides A, Suri JS. Geometric Total Plaque Area Is an Equally Powerful Phenotype Compared With Carotid Intima-Media Thickness for Stroke Risk Assessment: A Deep Learning Approach. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1544316718806421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Currently, carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and geometric total plaque area (gTPA) are computed manually and thus are tedious and prone to interobserver and intraobserver variabilities. This study presents an intelligence-based automated deep learning (DL)–based technique for carotid wall interface detection, cIMT, and lumen diameter (LD) measurements, followed by a 3D cylindrical approach for TPA measurement. The observers were used for manual tracings of which were then used for the design of two DL-based systems. The DL boundaries for inner lumen wall and outer interadventitial borders were used for computing the cIMT and LD. Using cylindrical approach, we computed the gTPA. Furthermore, we compute the 10-year image-based cIMT and gTPA, using the progression rates. A total of 396 B-mode ultrasound right and left common carotid artery images were taken from 203 patients. The mean cIMT and gTPA using DL1 and DL2 is 0.91 mm, 20.52 mm2 and 0.88 mm, 19.44 mm2, respectively. The coefficient of correlation between gTPA and cIMT using DL1 and DL2 is 0.92 ( P < .001) and 0.94 ( P < .001), respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) for gTPA showed an improvement over cIMT by 14.36% and 12.57% for DL1 and DL2, respectively. The corresponding 10-year risk improvements were 9.09% and 6.26%. Our statistical significance tests successfully passed t test, Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, and Friedman. The study shows gTPA as an equally powerful carotid risk biomarker like cIMT. Given the cIMT and LD, cylindrical fitting is a fast method for gTPA measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luca Saba
- Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - George D. Kitas
- The University of Manchester, UK
- The Dudley Group NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cuadrado-Godia E, Maniruzzaman M, Araki T, Puvvula A, Jahanur Rahman M, Saba L, Suri HS, Gupta A, Banchhor SK, Teji JS, Omerzu T, Khanna NN, Laird JR, Nicolaides A, Mavrogeni S, Kitas GD, Suri JS. Morphologic TPA (mTPA) and composite risk score for moderate carotid atherosclerotic plaque is strongly associated with HbA1c in diabetes cohort. Comput Biol Med 2018; 101:128-145. [PMID: 30138774 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examines the association between six types of carotid artery disease image-based phenotypes and HbA1c in diabetes patients. Six phenotypes (intima-media thickness measurements (cIMT (ave.), cIMT (max.), cIMT (min.)), bidirectional wall variability (cIMTV), morphology-based total plaque area (mTPA), and composite risk score (CRS)) were measured in an automated setting using AtheroEdge™ (AtheroPoint, CA, USA). METHOD Consecutive 199 patients (157 M, age: 68.96 ± 10.98 years), L/R common carotid artery (CCA; 398 US scans) who underwent a carotid ultrasound (L/R) were retrospectively analyzed using AtheroEdge™ system. Two operators (novice and experienced) manually calibrated all the US scans using AtheroEdge™. Logistic regression (LR) and Odds ratio (OR) was computed and phenotypes were ranked. RESULTS The baseline results showed 150 low-risk patients (HbA1c < 6.50 mg/dl) and 49 high-risk patients (HbA1c ≥ 6.50 mg/dl). The fasting blood sugar (FBS) was highly associated with HbA1c (P < 0.001). Except for cIMTV, all phenotypes showed an OR > 1.0 (P < 0.001) for left common carotid artery (LCCA), right carotid artery (RCCA), and mean of left and right common carotid artery (MCCA). After adjusting the FBS, the OR for mTPA showed a higher risk for LCCA, RCCA, and MCCA. The coefficient of correlation (CC) between phenotypes and HbA1c were strong and inter-CC between cIMT and mTPA/CRS was above 0.9 (P < 0.001). The statistical tests showed that phenotypes were significantly associated with diabetes (P-value<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS All phenotypes using AtheroEdge™, except cIMTV, showed a strong association with HbA1c. mTPA and CRS were equally strong phenotypes as cIMT. The CRS phenotype showed the strongest relationship to HbA1c.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Md Maniruzzaman
- Department of Statistics, University of Rajshahi and the JiVit A Project of John Hopkins University, Gaibandha, Bangladesh
| | - Tadashi Araki
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Anudeep Puvvula
- Annu's Hospitals for Skin and Diabetes, Nellore, Andra Pradesh, India
| | - Md Jahanur Rahman
- Department of Statistics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Luca Saba
- Department of Radiology, A.O.U., Italy
| | | | - Ajay Gupta
- Brain and Mind Research Institute and Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, NY, USA
| | | | - Jagjit S Teji
- Department of Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine Mercy Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tomaž Omerzu
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Narendra N Khanna
- Department of Cardiology, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, New Delhi, India
| | - John R Laird
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Adventist Health, St. Helena, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Nicolaides
- Vascular Screening and Diagnostic Centre, London, UK; Vascular Diagnostic Centre, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Sophie Mavrogeni
- Cardiology Clinic, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece
| | - George D Kitas
- Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Manchester University, Manchester, UK; Department of Rheumatology, Group NHS Foundation Trust, Dudley, UK
| | - Jasjit S Suri
- Stroke Monitoring and Diagnostic Division, AtheroPoint™, Roseville, CA, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Khoury N, Koronowski KB, Young JI, Perez-Pinzon MA. The NAD +-Dependent Family of Sirtuins in Cerebral Ischemia and Preconditioning. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:691-710. [PMID: 28683567 PMCID: PMC5824497 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Sirtuins are an evolutionarily conserved family of NAD+-dependent lysine deacylases and ADP ribosylases. Their requirement for NAD+ as a cosubstrate allows them to act as metabolic sensors that couple changes in the energy status of the cell to changes in cellular physiological processes. NAD+ levels are affected by several NAD+-producing and NAD+-consuming pathways as well as by cellular respiration. Thus their intracellular levels are highly dynamic and are misregulated in a spectrum of metabolic disorders including cerebral ischemia. This, in turn, compromises several NAD+-dependent processes that may ultimately lead to cell death. Recent Advances: A number of efforts have been made to replenish NAD+ in cerebral ischemic injuries as well as to understand the functions of one its important mediators, the sirtuin family of proteins through the use of pharmacological modulators or genetic manipulation approaches either before or after the insult. Critical Issues and Future Directions: The results of these studies have regarded the sirtuins as promising therapeutic targets for cerebral ischemia. Yet, additional efforts are needed to understand the role of some of the less characterized members and to address the sex-specific effects observed with some members. Sirtuins also exhibit cell-type-specific expression in the brain as well as distinct subcellular and regional localizations. As such, they are involved in diverse and sometimes opposing cellular processes that can either promote neuroprotection or further contribute to the injury; which also stresses the need for the development and use of sirtuin-specific pharmacological modulators. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 691-710.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Khoury
- Department of Neurology; Cerebral Vascular Research Laboratories; and Neuroscience Program, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Kevin B. Koronowski
- Department of Neurology; Cerebral Vascular Research Laboratories; and Neuroscience Program, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Juan I. Young
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics; Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, and Neuroscience Program, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Miguel A. Perez-Pinzon
- Department of Neurology; Cerebral Vascular Research Laboratories; and Neuroscience Program, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sirtuins and Cancer: Role in the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:3031459. [PMID: 27379175 PMCID: PMC4917709 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3031459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The human sirtuins (SIRT1–SIRT7) enzymes are a highly conserved family of NAD+-dependent histone deacetylases, which play a critical role in the regulation of a large number of metabolic pathways involved in stress response and aging. Cancer is an age-associated disease, and sirtuins may have a considerable impact on a plethora of processes that regulate tumorigenesis. In particular, growing evidence suggests that sirtuins may modulate epithelial plasticity by inducing transcriptional reprogramming leading to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, and metastases. Though commonly regarded as EMT inducers, sirtuins may also suppress this process, and their functional properties seem to largely depend on the cellular context, stage of cancer development, tissue of origin, and microenvironment architecture. Here, we review the role of sirtuins in cancer biology with particular emphasis on their role in EMT.
Collapse
|
11
|
Kurylowicz A. In Search of New Therapeutic Targets in Obesity Treatment: Sirtuins. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17040572. [PMID: 27104517 PMCID: PMC4849028 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17040572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Most of the available non-invasive medical therapies for obesity are non-efficient in a long-term evaluation; therefore there is a constant need for new methods of treatment. Research on calorie restriction has led to the discovery of sirtuins (silent information regulators, SIRTs), enzymes regulating different cellular pathways that may constitute potential targets in the treatment of obesity. This review paper presents the role of SIRTs in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism as well as in the differentiation of adipocytes. How disturbances of SIRTs’ expression and activity may lead to the development of obesity and related complications is discussed. A special emphasis is placed on polymorphisms in genes encoding SIRTs and their possible association with susceptibility to obesity and metabolic complications, as well as on data regarding altered expression of SIRTs in human obesity. Finally, the therapeutic potential of SIRTs-targeted strategies in the treatment of obesity and related disorders is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alina Kurylowicz
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Albani D, Pupillo E, Bianchi E, Chierchia A, Martines R, Forloni G, Beghi E. The role of single-nucleotide variants of the energy metabolism-linked genes SIRT3, PPARGC1A and APOE in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis risk. Genes Genet Syst 2016; 91:301-309. [DOI: 10.1266/ggs.16-00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Albani
- Laboratory of Biology of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri
| | - Elisabetta Pupillo
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri
| | - Elisa Bianchi
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri
| | - Armando Chierchia
- Laboratory of Biology of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri
| | - Rosalba Martines
- Laboratory of Biology of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri
| | - Gianluigi Forloni
- Laboratory of Biology of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri
| | - Ettore Beghi
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri
| |
Collapse
|