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Hoffman AM, Bushey JA, Ocheltree TW, Smith MD. Genetic and functional variation across regional and local scales is associated with climate in a foundational prairie grass. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 227:352-364. [PMID: 32176814 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Global change forecasts in ecosystems require knowledge of within-species diversity, particularly of dominant species within communities. We assessed site-level diversity and capacity for adaptation in Bouteloua gracilis, the dominant species in the Central US shortgrass steppe biome. We quantified genetic diversity from 17 sites across regional scales, north to south from New Mexico to South Dakota, and local scales in northern Colorado. We also quantified phenotype and plasticity within and among sites and determined the extent to which phenotypic diversity in B. gracilis was correlated with climate. Genome sequencing indicated pronounced population structure at the regional scale, and local differences indicated that gene flow and/or dispersal may also be limited. Within a common environment, we found evidence of genetic divergence in biomass-related phenotypes, plasticity, and phenotypic variance, indicating functional divergence and different adaptive potential. Phenotypes were differentiated according to climate, chiefly median Palmer Hydrological Drought Index and other aridity metrics. Our results indicate conclusive differences in genetic variation, phenotype, and plasticity in this species and suggest a mechanism explaining variation in shortgrass steppe community responses to global change. This analysis of B. gracilis intraspecific diversity across spatial scales will improve conservation and management of the shortgrass steppe ecosystem in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava M Hoffman
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
- Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Julie A Bushey
- Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
- Department of Forest and Rangeland Stewardship, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Troy W Ocheltree
- Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
- Department of Forest and Rangeland Stewardship, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Melinda D Smith
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
- Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
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2
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Chang H, Alexander HM, Mutegi E, Snow AA. Habitat restoration and native grass conservation: a case study of switchgrass (
Panicum virgatum
). Restor Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hsiaochi Chang
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology Ohio State University 318 West 12th Avenue, Columbus OH 43210 U.S.A
| | - Helen M. Alexander
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Kansas 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, Lawrence KS 66045 U.S.A
| | - Evans Mutegi
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology Ohio State University 318 West 12th Avenue, Columbus OH 43210 U.S.A
| | - Allison A. Snow
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology Ohio State University 318 West 12th Avenue, Columbus OH 43210 U.S.A
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3
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Harzé M, Monty A, Boisson S, Pitz C, Hermann JM, Kollmann J, Mahy G. Towards a population approach for evaluating grassland restoration-a systematic review. Restor Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Harzé
- Biodiversity and Landscape Unit; Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Passage des Déportés 2; 5030 Gembloux Belgium
| | - Arnaud Monty
- Biodiversity and Landscape Unit; Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Passage des Déportés 2; 5030 Gembloux Belgium
| | - Sylvain Boisson
- Biodiversity and Landscape Unit; Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Passage des Déportés 2; 5030 Gembloux Belgium
| | - Carline Pitz
- Biodiversity and Landscape Unit; Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Passage des Déportés 2; 5030 Gembloux Belgium
| | - Julia-Maria Hermann
- Chair of Restoration Ecology; Technical University of Munich, Emil-Ramann-Str. 6; 85354 Freising Germany
| | - Johannes Kollmann
- Chair of Restoration Ecology; Technical University of Munich, Emil-Ramann-Str. 6; 85354 Freising Germany
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), PO Box 115; 1431 Ås Norway
| | - Grégory Mahy
- Biodiversity and Landscape Unit; Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Passage des Déportés 2; 5030 Gembloux Belgium
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4
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Khalil MI, Gibson DJ, Baer SG. Phylogenetic diversity reveals hidden patterns related to population source and species pools during restoration. J Appl Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed I. Khalil
- Department of Plant Biology and Center for Ecology Southern Illinois University, Carbondale 1263 Lincoln Drive Carbondale IL 62901 USA
| | - David J. Gibson
- Department of Plant Biology and Center for Ecology Southern Illinois University, Carbondale 1263 Lincoln Drive Carbondale IL 62901 USA
| | - Sara G. Baer
- Department of Plant Biology and Center for Ecology Southern Illinois University, Carbondale 1263 Lincoln Drive Carbondale IL 62901 USA
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5
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McAllister CA, Miller AJ. Single nucleotide polymorphism discovery via genotyping by sequencing to assess population genetic structure and recurrent polyploidization in Andropogon gerardii. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2016; 103:1314-1325. [PMID: 27466055 DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1600146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY Autopolyploidy, genome duplication within a single lineage, can result in multiple cytotypes within a species. Geographic distributions of cytotypes may reflect the evolutionary history of autopolyploid formation and subsequent population dynamics including stochastic (drift) and deterministic (differential selection among cytotypes) processes. Here, we used a population genomic approach to investigate whether autopolyploidy occurred once or multiple times in Andropogon gerardii, a widespread, North American grass with two predominant cytotypes. METHODS Genotyping by sequencing was used to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in individuals collected from across the geographic range of A. gerardii. Two independent approaches to SNP calling were used: the reference-free UNEAK pipeline and a reference-guided approach based on the sequenced Sorghum bicolor genome. SNPs generated using these pipelines were analyzed independently with genetic distance and clustering. KEY RESULTS Analyses of the two SNP data sets showed very similar patterns of population-level clustering of A. gerardii individuals: a cluster of A. gerardii individuals from the southern Plains, a northern Plains cluster, and a western cluster. Groupings of individuals corresponded to geographic localities regardless of cytotype: 6x and 9x individuals from the same geographic area clustered together. CONCLUSIONS SNPs generated using reference-guided and reference-free pipelines in A. gerardii yielded unique subsets of genomic data. Both data sets suggest that the 9x cytotype in A. gerardii likely evolved multiple times from 6x progenitors across the range of the species. Genomic approaches like GBS and diverse bioinformatics pipelines used here facilitate evolutionary analyses of complex systems with multiple ploidy levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine A McAllister
- Department of Biology and Natural Resources, Principia College, Elsah, Illinois 62028 USA
| | - Allison J Miller
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130 USA
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6
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Wilson LR, Gibson DJ, Baer SG, Johnson LC. Plant community response to regional sources of dominant grasses in grasslands restored across a longitudinal gradient. Ecosphere 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.1329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Laurel R. Wilson
- Department of Plant Biology; Center for Ecology; Southern Illinois University Carbondale; Carbondale Illinois 62901-6509 USA
| | - David J. Gibson
- Department of Plant Biology; Center for Ecology; Southern Illinois University Carbondale; Carbondale Illinois 62901-6509 USA
| | - Sara G. Baer
- Department of Plant Biology; Center for Ecology; Southern Illinois University Carbondale; Carbondale Illinois 62901-6509 USA
| | - Loretta C. Johnson
- Division of Biology; Kansas State University; Manhattan Kansas 66506 USA
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7
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Gallagher MK, Wagenius S. Seed source impacts germination and early establishment of dominant grasses in prairie restorations. J Appl Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Kate Gallagher
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California 321 Steinhaus Hall Irvine CA 92697‐2525 USA
- Program in Plant Biology and Conservation Northwestern University 2205 Tech Drive – Hogan 6‐140B Evanston IL 60208 USA
- Division of Plant Science and Conservation Chicago Botanic Garden 1000 Lake Cook Road Glencoe IL 60022 USA
| | - Stuart Wagenius
- Division of Plant Science and Conservation Chicago Botanic Garden 1000 Lake Cook Road Glencoe IL 60022 USA
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8
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Gray MM, St Amand P, Bello NM, Galliart MB, Knapp M, Garrett KA, Morgan TJ, Baer SG, Maricle BR, Akhunov ED, Johnson LC. Ecotypes of an ecologically dominant prairie grass (Andropogon gerardii) exhibit genetic divergence across the U.S. Midwest grasslands' environmental gradient. Mol Ecol 2014; 23:6011-28. [PMID: 25370460 DOI: 10.1111/mec.12993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii) is an ecologically dominant grass with wide distribution across the environmental gradient of U.S. Midwest grasslands. This system offers an ideal natural laboratory to study population divergence and adaptation in spatially varying climates. Objectives were to: (i) characterize neutral genetic diversity and structure within and among three regional ecotypes derived from 11 prairies across the U.S. Midwest environmental gradient, (ii) distinguish between the relative roles of isolation by distance (IBD) vs. isolation by environment (IBE) on ecotype divergence, (iii) identify outlier loci under selection and (iv) assess the association between outlier loci and climate. Using two primer sets, we genotyped 378 plants at 384 polymorphic AFLP loci across regional ecotypes from central and eastern Kansas and Illinois. Neighbour-joining tree and PCoA revealed strong genetic differentiation between Kansas and Illinois ecotypes, which was better explained by IBE than IBD. We found high genetic variability within prairies (80%) and even fragmented Illinois prairies, surprisingly, contained high within-prairie genetic diversity (92%). Using Bayenv2, 14 top-ranked outlier loci among ecotypes were associated with temperature and precipitation variables. Six of seven BayeScanFST outliers were in common with Bayenv2 outliers. High genetic diversity may enable big bluestem populations to better withstand changing climates; however, population divergence supports the use of local ecotypes in grassland restoration. Knowledge of genetic variation in this ecological dominant and other grassland species will be critical to understanding grassland response and restoration challenges in the face of a changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda M Gray
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
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9
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Gustafson DJ, Major C, Jones D, Synovec J, Baer SG, Gibson DJ. Genetic sorting of subordinate species in grassland modulated by intraspecific variation in dominant species. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91511. [PMID: 24637462 PMCID: PMC3956666 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variation in a single species can have predictable and heritable effects on associated communities and ecosystem processes, however little is known about how genetic variation of a dominant species affects plant community assembly. We characterized the genetic structure of a dominant grass (Sorghastrum nutans) and two subordinate species (Chamaecrista fasciculata, Silphium integrifolium), during the third growing season in grassland communities established with genetically distinct (cultivated varieties or local ecotypes) seed sources of the dominant grasses. There were genetic differences between subordinate species growing in the cultivar versus local ecotype communities, indicating that intraspecific genetic variation in the dominant grasses affected the genetic composition of subordinate species during community assembly. A positive association between genetic diversity of S. nutans, C. fasciculata, and S. integrifolium and species diversity established the role of an intraspecific biotic filter during community assembly. Our results show that intraspecific variation in dominant species can significantly modulate the genetic composition of subordinate species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny J. Gustafson
- Department of Biology, The Citadel, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Charles Major
- Department of Biology, The Citadel, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Dewitt Jones
- Department of Biology, The Citadel, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - John Synovec
- Department of Biology, The Citadel, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Sara G. Baer
- Department of Plant Biology and Center for Ecology, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, Illinois, United States of America
| | - David J. Gibson
- Department of Plant Biology and Center for Ecology, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, Illinois, United States of America
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10
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Klopf RP, Baer SG, Gibson DJ. Convergent and contingent community responses to grass source and dominance during prairie restoration across a longitudinal gradient. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2014; 53:252-265. [PMID: 24292364 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-013-0209-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2013] [Accepted: 11/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Restoring prairie on formerly cultivated land begins by selecting propagule seed sources and the diversity of species to reintroduce. This study examined the effects of dominant grass propagule source (cultivar vs. non-cultivar) and sown propagule diversity (grass:forb sowing ratio) on plant community structure. Two field experiments were established in Kansas and Illinois consisting of identical split plot designs. Dominant grass source was assigned as the whole-plot factor, and sown dominance of grasses (five levels of seeded grass dominance) as the subplot factor. Species density, cover, and diversity were quantified for 5 years. The effect of dominant grass source on the cover of focal grasses, sown species, and volunteer species was contingent upon location, with variation between dominant grass sources observed exclusively in Kansas. Species density and diversity showed regionally convergent patterns in response to dominant grass source. Contrary to our hypotheses, total species density and diversity were not lower in the presence of grass cultivars, the grass source we had predicted would be more competitive. Sown grass dominance effects on the cover of the focal grass species were contingent upon location resulting from establishment corresponding better to the assigned treatments in Illinois. All other cover groups showed regionally convergent patterns, with lower cover of volunteers and higher cover of sown forbs, diversity, and species density in the lowest sown grass dominance treatment in both sites. Thus, decisions regarding the diversity of propagules to reintroduce had more consequence for plant community structure than cultivar or non-cultivar source of dominant grasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan P Klopf
- Department of Plant Biology and Center for Ecology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901-6509, USA,
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11
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Mutegi E, Stottlemyer AL, Snow AA, Sweeney PM. Genetic Structure of Remnant Populations and Cultivars of Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) in the Context of Prairie Conservation and Restoration. Restor Ecol 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evans Mutegi
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology; Ohio State University; Columbus OH 43210 U.S.A
| | - Amy L. Stottlemyer
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology; Ohio State University; Columbus OH 43210 U.S.A
| | - Allison A. Snow
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology; Ohio State University; Columbus OH 43210 U.S.A
| | - Patricia M. Sweeney
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology; Ohio State University; Columbus OH 43210 U.S.A
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12
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Baer SG, Gibson DJ, Gustafson DJ, Benscoter AM, Reed LK, Campbell RE, Klopf RP, Willand JE, Wodika BR. No effect of seed source on multiple aspects of ecosystem functioning during ecological restoration: cultivars compared to local ecotypes of dominant grasses. Evol Appl 2013; 7:323-35. [PMID: 24567751 PMCID: PMC3927892 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic principles underlie recommendations to use local seed, but a paucity of information exists on the genetic distinction and ecological consequences of using different seed sources in restorations. We established a field experiment to test whether cultivars and local ecotypes of dominant prairie grasses were genetically distinct and differentially influenced ecosystem functioning. Whole plots were assigned to cultivar and local ecotype grass sources. Three subplots within each whole plot were seeded to unique pools of subordinate species. The cultivar of the increasingly dominant grass, Sorghastrum nutans, was genetically different than the local ecotype, but genetic diversity was similar between the two sources. There were no differences in aboveground net primary production, soil carbon accrual, and net nitrogen mineralization rate in soil between the grass sources. Comparable productivity of the grass sources among the species pools for four years shows functional equivalence in terms of biomass production. Subordinate species comprised over half the aboveground productivity, which may have diluted the potential for documented trait differences between the grass sources to influence ecosystem processes. Regionally developed cultivars may be a suitable alternative to local ecotypes for restoration in fragmented landscapes with limited gene flow between natural and restored prairie and negligible recruitment by seed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara G Baer
- Department of Plant Biology and Center for Ecology, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - David J Gibson
- Department of Plant Biology and Center for Ecology, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, IL, USA
| | | | - Allison M Benscoter
- Department of Plant Biology and Center for Ecology, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Lewis K Reed
- Department of Plant Biology and Center for Ecology, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Ryan E Campbell
- Department of Plant Biology and Center for Ecology, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Ryan P Klopf
- Department of Plant Biology and Center for Ecology, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Jason E Willand
- Department of Plant Biology and Center for Ecology, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Ben R Wodika
- Department of Plant Biology and Center for Ecology, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, IL, USA
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13
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Carter DL, Blair JM. Seed source has variable effects on species, communities, and ecosystem properties in grassland restorations. Ecosphere 2013. [DOI: 10.1890/es13-00090.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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14
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Carter DL, Blair JM. Seed source affects establishment and survival for three grassland species sown into reciprocal common gardens. Ecosphere 2012. [DOI: 10.1890/es12-00223.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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15
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Raoudha A, Amel S, Hassen G, Azeiz OB. Extraction de l’ADN et optimisation de la PCR (Polymorphism Chain Reaction) pour l’application des marqueurs RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphism DNA) chezStipa lagascae. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/12538078.2012.671646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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16
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Field KJ, Lake JA. Environmental metabolomics links genotype to phenotype and predicts genotype abundance in wild plant populations. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2011; 142:352-360. [PMID: 21496032 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3054.2011.01480.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
'The Holy Grail' of plant ecology is to uncover rules that associate species and traits with environmental constraints, community composition and subsequent ecosystem functioning. These aims have been crystallized in recent years within the context of global climate change and environmental pollution, increasing the urgency of the need to predict how vegetation will respond across spatial scales. We investigated whether genetic diversity is associated with the way in which phenotypic plasticity within plant populations is realized and whether this is related to genotype abundance. We used environmental metabolomics to demonstrate biochemical variation between co-occurring genotypes of Carex caryophyllea L. A novel combined metabolomic/functional trait analysis was used to test the functionality of this variation in governing plasticity to variation in edaphic conditions, with particular reference to metabolic pathways that play important roles in growth-related traits. We show that genetic diversity within a wild C. caryophyllea population relates to differences in metabolic composition and functional traits in response to soil nutrient variation, influencing genotype abundance within a community. Our findings highlight the vital role genetic diversity plays within a population in facilitating plant phenotypic plasticity and the potential usefulness of environmental metabolomics to future ecological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie J Field
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S102TN, UK.
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17
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Rouse MN, Saleh AA, Seck A, Keeler KH, Travers SE, Hulbert SH, Garrett KA. Genomic and resistance gene homolog diversity of the dominant tallgrass prairie species across the U.S. Great Plains precipitation gradient. PLoS One 2011; 6:e17641. [PMID: 21532756 PMCID: PMC3075248 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2010] [Accepted: 02/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental variables such as moisture availability are often important in determining species prevalence and intraspecific diversity. The population genetic structure of dominant plant species in response to a cline of these variables has rarely been addressed. We evaluated the spatial genetic structure and diversity of Andropogon gerardii populations across the U.S. Great Plains precipitation gradient, ranging from approximately 48 cm/year to 105 cm/year. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Genomic diversity was evaluated with AFLP markers and diversity of a disease resistance gene homolog was evaluated by PCR-amplification and digestion with restriction enzymes. We determined the degree of spatial genetic structure using Mantel tests. Genomic and resistance gene homolog diversity were evaluated across prairies using Shannon's index and by averaging haplotype dissimilarity. Trends in diversity across prairies were determined using linear regression of diversity on average precipitation for each prairie. We identified significant spatial genetic structure, with genomic similarity decreasing as a function of distance between samples. However, our data indicated that genome-wide diversity did not vary consistently across the precipitation gradient. In contrast, we found that disease resistance gene homolog diversity was positively correlated with precipitation. SIGNIFICANCE Prairie remnants differ in the genetic resources they maintain. Selection and evolution in this disease resistance homolog is environmentally dependent. Overall, we found that, though this environmental gradient may not predict genomic diversity, individual traits such as disease resistance genes may vary significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew N. Rouse
- Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Amgad A. Saleh
- Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Amadou Seck
- Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Kathleen H. Keeler
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Steven E. Travers
- Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Scot H. Hulbert
- Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Karen A. Garrett
- Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America
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18
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Lawrence BA, Kaye TN. Reintroduction of Castilleja levisecta: Effects of Ecological Similarity, Source Population Genetics, and Habitat Quality. Restor Ecol 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-100x.2009.00549.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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Klopf RP, Baer SG. Root Dynamics of Cultivar and Non-Cultivar Population Sources of Two Dominant Grasses during Initial Establishment of Tallgrass Prairie. Restor Ecol 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-100x.2009.00539.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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20
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Wilsey BJ. Productivity and Subordinate Species Response to Dominant Grass Species and Seed Source during Restoration. Restor Ecol 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-100x.2008.00471.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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21
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Simmers SM, Galatowitsch SM. Factors Affecting Revegetation of Oil Field Access Roads in Semiarid Grassland. Restor Ecol 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-100x.2010.00716.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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22
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Lambert AM, Baer SG, Gibson DJ. Intraspecific Variation in Ecophysiology of Three Dominant Prairie Grasses Used in Restoration: Cultivar Versus Non-Cultivar Population Sources. Restor Ecol 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-100x.2010.00673.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Wu JB, Gao YB, Bao XY, Gao H, Jia MQ, Li J, Zhao NX. Genetic variation among Stipa grandis P. Smirn populations with different durations of fencing in the Inner Mongolian Steppe. RANGELAND JOURNAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1071/rj09038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The genetic structure of a population should be carefully considered in ecological restoration because it may play a critical role in maintaining the persistence of a restored ecosystem. In the present study, we examined genetic diversity and genetic structure of Stipa grandis P. Smirn populations from fenced and grazed plots using amplified fragment length polymorphism markers. Molecular genetic variation showed that the genetic diversity of the fenced populations was greater compared with the overgrazed population. There was a significant variation among the populations (Fst = 0.3689, P < 0.001) by AMOVA analysis, and the gene flow was 0.4039 among the populations. The results from a comparison of limited morphological characteristics and from an unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean cluster analysis and non-metric multi-dimensional scaling analysis suggested that genetic differentiation had occurred between the fenced populations and the grazed populations. The largest genetic diversity was in the moderately grazed population, which might be related to higher population density and greater sexual reproduction due to less disturbances in the plots. The genetic diversity of the long-term (24 years) fenced population was similar to that of a short-term fenced population (fenced for 11 years). These results suggested that the genetic diversity in the overgrazed population might be increased to some extent through fencing, but this effect did not occur beyond 11 years.
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Huang YF, Yang MX, Zhang H, Zhuang XY, Wu XH, Xie W. Genetic diversity and genetic structure analysis of the natural populations of Lilium brownii from Guangdong, China. Biochem Genet 2009; 47:503-10. [PMID: 19543969 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-009-9258-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2008] [Accepted: 05/29/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-fang Huang
- College of Forestry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Conservation Genetics of Remnant Lilium philadelphicum Populations in the Midwestern United States. AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST 2009. [DOI: 10.1674/0003-0031-161.2.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Shapcott A, Bau B, Powell M. Fragmentation and Genetic Diversity inRomnalda(Dasypogonaceae), a Rare Rain forest Herbaceous Genus from New Guinea and Australia. Biotropica 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7429.2008.00450.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Fant JB, Holmstrom RM, Sirkin E, Etterson JR, Masi S. Genetic Structure of Threatened Native Populations and Propagules Used for Restoration in a Clonal Species, American Beachgrass (Ammophila breviligulataFern.). Restor Ecol 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-100x.2007.00348.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Dolan RW, Marr DL, Schnabel A. Capturing Genetic Variation during Ecological Restorations: An Example from Kankakee Sands in Indiana. Restor Ecol 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-100x.2007.00318.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Shapcott A, Dowe JL, Ford H. Low genetic diversity and recovery implications of the vulnerable Bankoualé Palm Livistona carinensis (Arecaceae), from North-eastern Africa and the Southern Arabian Peninsula. CONSERV GENET 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-008-9582-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Zhao NX, Gao YB, Wang JL, Ren AZ. Population structure and genetic diversity of Stipa grandis P. Smirn, a dominant species in the typical steppe of northern China. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2007.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Firn J. Developing strategies and methods for rehabilitating degraded pastures using native grasses. ECOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT & RESTORATION 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-8903.2007.00365.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zhao NX, Gao YB, Wang JL, Ren AZ. Genetic diversity and population differentiation of the dominant species Stipa krylovii in the Inner Mongolia Steppe. Biochem Genet 2007; 44:513-26. [PMID: 17143720 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-006-9054-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Random amplified polymorphic DNA was used to assess the level of genetic diversity and genetic structure of Stipa krylovii (Gramineae), an important dominant species in the northern grasslands of China. Genetic diversity was low within S. krylovii populations, and diversity at the population level was associated with precipitation and cumulative temperature variations. There was much genetic differentiation among populations and among habitats as well. A Mantel test indicated no significant correlation between genetic distance and geographic distance of populations. A nonmetric multidimensional scaling analysis revealed some spatial relationships among the 90 individuals in a two-dimensional plot. Habitat fragmentation and degradation throughout the geographic range of S. krylovii could account for the low genetic diversity and high genetic differentiation of the species. Such information will be useful for conservation managers trying to plan an effective strategy to protect this important species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian-Xi Zhao
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, PR China
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Ramp JM, Collinge SK, Ranker TA. Restoration genetics of the vernal pool endemic Lasthenia conjugens (Asteraceae). CONSERV GENET 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-005-9052-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Segarra-Moragues JG, Iriondo JM, Catalán P. Genetic fingerprinting of germplasm accessions as an aid for species conservation: a case study with Borderea chouardii (Dioscoreaceae), one of the most critically endangered Iberian plants. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2005; 96:1283-92. [PMID: 16230324 PMCID: PMC4247079 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mci280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Molecular markers have changed previous expectations about germplasm collections of endangered plants, as new perspectives aim at holding a significant representation of all the genetic diversity in the studied species to accomplish further conservation initiatives successfully. Borderea chouardii is a critically endangered allotetraploid dioecious member of Dioscoreaceae, known from a single population in the Iberian pre-Pyrenees. This population was reported to be highly structured into two genetically distinct groups of individuals corresponding to their spatial separation along the vertical cliff where it grows. In 1999, the Spanish Government of Aragón launched the first conservation programme for the ex situ preservation of this species, and since then a seed collection has been conserved at the Germplasm Bank of the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. However, as some seed samples had not been labelled clearly at the time of collection, their origin was uncertain. METHODS Genetic variation in germplasm accessions of B. chouardii was investigated using microsatellite (simple sequence repeat; SSR) markers. KEY RESULTS The 17 primer pairs used detected 62 SSR alleles in the 46 samples analysed from five different germplasm stocks. Eight alleles scored from the wild population were not detected in the germplasm samples analysed. The relatedness of the germplasm samples to the wild subpopulations through neighbour-joining clustering, principal coordinates analysis (PCO) and assignment tests revealed a biased higher representation of the genetic diversity of the lower cliff (43 samples) subpopulation than that of the upper cliff (three samples). CONCLUSIONS The collection of additional samples from the upper cliff is recommended to achieve a better representation of the genetic diversity of this subpopulation. It is also recommended that these stocks should be managed separately according to their distinct microspatial origin in order to preserve the genetic substructuring of the wild population.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Gabriel Segarra-Moragues
- Departamento de Agricultura y Economía Agraria, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Huesca, Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Carretera de Cuarte s/n, E-22071 Huesca, Spain.
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Baer SG, Collins SL, Blair JM, Knapp AK, Fiedler AK. Soil Heterogeneity Effects on Tallgrass Prairie Community Heterogeneity: An Application of Ecological Theory to Restoration Ecology. Restor Ecol 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-100x.2005.00051.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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GUSTAFSON DJ, GIBSON DJ, NICKRENT DL. Competitive relationships of Andropogon gerardii (Big Bluestem) from remnant and restored native populations and select cultivated varieties. Funct Ecol 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.0269-8463.2004.00850.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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