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Bisgin A, Sag SO, Dogan ME, Yildirim MS, Gumus AA, Akkus N, Balasar O, Durmaz CD, Eroz R, Altiner S, Alemdar A, Aliyeva L, Boga I, Cam FS, Dogan B, Esbah O, Hanta A, Mujde C, Ornek C, Ozer S, Rencuzogullari C, Sonmezler O, Bozdogan ST, Dundar M, Temel SG. Germline landscape of BRCAs by 7-site collaborations as a BRCA consortium in Turkey. Breast 2022; 65:15-22. [PMID: 35753294 PMCID: PMC9249944 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BRCA1/2 mutations play a significant role in cancer pathogenesis and predisposition particularly in breast, ovarian and prostate cancers. Thus, germline analysis of BRCA1 and BRCA2 is essential for clinical management strategies aiming at the identification of recurrent and novel mutations that could be used as a first screening approach. We analyzed germline variants of BRCA1/2 genes for 2168 individuals who had cancer diagnosis or high risk assessment due to BRCAs related cancers, referred to 10 health care centers distributed across 7 regions covering the Turkish landscape. Overall, 68 and 157 distinct mutations were identified in BRCA1 and BRCA2, respectively. Twenty-two novel variants were reported from both genes while BRCA2 showed higher mutational heterogeneity. We herein report the collective data as BRCA Turkish consortium that confirm the molecular heterogeneity in BRCAs among Turkish population, and also as the first study presenting the both geographical, demographical and gene based landscape of all recurrent and novel mutations which some might be a founder effect in comparison to global databases. This wider perspective leads to the most accurate variant interpretations which pave the way for the more precise and efficient management affecting the clinical and molecular aspects. A similar percentage of clinically unaffected individuals were also identified with potentially pathogenic variants. Based on the geographic examinations, Eastern Anatolian and the Mediterranean region had the lowest positivity rates. The Southeastern Anatolian region showed the lowest density of both patients and clinically relevant genetic changes.
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The primacy of NF1 loss as the driver of tumorigenesis in neurofibromatosis type 1-associated plexiform neurofibromas. Oncogene 2017; 36:3168-3177. [PMID: 28068329 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a common tumor-predisposition disorder due to germline mutations in the tumor suppressor gene NF1. A virtually pathognomonic finding of NF1 is the plexiform neurofibroma (PN), a benign, likely congenital tumor that arises from bi-allelic inactivation of NF1. PN can undergo transformation to a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, an aggressive soft-tissue sarcoma. To better understand the non-NF1 genetic contributions to PN pathogenesis, we performed whole-exome sequencing, RNASeq profiling and genome-wide copy-number determination for 23 low-passage Schwann cell cultures established from surgical PN material with matching germline DNA. All resected tumors were derived from routine debulking surgeries. None of the tumors were considered at risk for malignant transformation at the time; for example, there was no pain or rapid growth. Deep (~500X) NF1 exon sequencing was also conducted on tumor DNA. Non-NF1 somatic mutation verification was performed using the Ampliseq/IonTorrent platform. We identified 100% of the germline NF1 mutations and found somatic NF1 inactivation in 74% of the PN. One individual with three PNs had different NF1 somatic mutations in each tumor. The median number of somatic mutations per sample, including NF1, was one (range 0-8). NF1 was the only gene that was recurrently somatically inactivated in multiple tumors. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis of transcriptome-wide tumor RNA sequencing identified five significant (FDR<0.01) and seven trending (0.01⩽FDR<0.02) gene sets related to DNA replication, telomere maintenance and elongation, cell cycle progression, signal transduction and cell proliferation. We found no recurrent non-NF1 locus copy-number variation in PN. This is the first multi-sample whole-exome and whole-transcriptome sequencing study of NF1-associated PN. Taken together with concurrent copy-number data, our comprehensive genetic analysis reveals the primacy of NF1 loss as the driver of PN tumorigenesis.
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Kim H, Choi DH. Distribution of BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutations in Asian Patients with Breast Cancer. J Breast Cancer 2013; 16:357-65. [PMID: 24454456 PMCID: PMC3893336 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2013.16.4.357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in Asian females, and the incidence of breast cancer has been increasing in Asia. Because Asian patients develop breast cancer at a younger age than their Caucasian counterparts, the contributions of BRCA1 and BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) mutations in Asians are expected to be different than in Caucasians. The prevalence of BRCA1/2 mutations in the Asian population varies among countries and studies. Most Asian studies have reported more frequent mutations in BRCA2 than in BRCA1, with the exception of studies from India and Pakistan. In addition, the contribution of large genomic rearrangements of BRCA1/2 genes is relatively small in Asian populations in comparison to other ethnic populations. Various statistical models for the prediction of BRCA1/2 mutations have underestimated the risk of having these genetic mutations in Asians, especially in predicting BRCA2 gene mutation. Until recently, BRCA1/2 mutation analyses in Asia were mostly conducted by independent single institutions with different patient selection criteria and using various genotyping methods. However, a couple of Asian groups have initiated nationwide studies collecting BRCA1/2 mutational data. These national collaborative studies will help a comprehensive understanding of the prevalence of BRCA1/2 mutations in the Asian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haeyoung Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong, Korea
| | - Doo Ho Choi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Akilzhanova AR, Nyshanbekkyzy B, Nurkina ZM, Shtephanov II, Makishev AK, Adylkhanov TA, Rakhypbekov TK, Ramanculov EM, Momynaliev KT. BRCA1 and BRCA2 Gene Mutations Screening In Sporadic Breast Cancer Patients In Kazakhstan. Cent Asian J Glob Health 2013; 2:29. [PMID: 29755871 PMCID: PMC5927761 DOI: 10.5195/cajgh.2013.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A large number of distinct mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes have been reported worldwide, but little is known regarding the role of these inherited susceptibility genes in breast cancer risk among Kazakhstan women. AIM To evaluate the role of BRCA1/2 mutations in Kazakhstan women presenting with sporadic breast cancer. METHODS We investigated the distribution and nature of polymorphisms in BRCA1 and BRCA2 entire coding regions in 156 Kazakhstan sporadic breast cancer cases and 112 age-matched controls using automatic direct sequencing. RESULTS We identified 22 distinct variants, including 16 missense mutations and 6 polymorphisms in BRCA1/2 genes. In BRCA1, 9 missense mutations and 3 synonymous polymorphisms were observed. In BRCA2, 7 missense mutations and 3 polymorphisms were detected. There was a higher prevalence of observed mutations in Caucasian breast cancer cases compared to Asian cases (p<0.05); higher frequencies of sequence variants were observed in Asian controls. No recurrent or founder mutations were observed in BRCA1/2 genes. There were no statistically significant differences in age at diagnosis, tumor histology, size of tumor, and lymph node involvement between women with breast cancer with or without the BRCA sequence alterations. CONCLUSIONS Considering the majority of breast cancer cases are sporadic, the present study will be helpful in the evaluation of the need for the genetic screening of BRCA1/2 mutations and reliable genetic counseling for Kazakhstan sporadic breast cancer patients. Evaluation of common polymorphisms and mutations and breast cancer risk in families with genetic predisposition to breast cancer is ongoing in another current investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainur R Akilzhanova
- Center for Life sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan.,National Center for Biotechnology, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Zhannur M Nurkina
- Center for Life sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan.,National Center for Biotechnology, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Ivan I Shtephanov
- State Medical University Astana, Astana Oncological Center, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Abay K Makishev
- State Medical University Astana, Astana Oncological Center, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Tasbolat A Adylkhanov
- Semey Oncological Center, Semey, Kazakhstan.,Semey State Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Tolebay K Rakhypbekov
- Semey Oncological Center, Semey, Kazakhstan.,Semey State Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
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Ginsburg OM, Dinh NV, To TV, Quang LH, Linh ND, Duong BTH, Royer R, Llacuachaqui M, Tulman A, Vichodez G, Li S, Love RR, Narod SA. Family history, BRCA mutations and breast cancer in Vietnamese women. Clin Genet 2010; 80:89-92. [PMID: 20950396 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2010.01545.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this report is to estimate the proportions of familial and hereditary breast cancers among unselected cases of breast cancer in Vietnam. Two hundred and ninety-two unselected cases of incident breast cancer were recruited from the National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, the largest cancer centre in Vietnam. Family histories were collected for 292 cases and a DNA sample was obtained for 259 cases. DNA samples were screened for mutations in the large exons of BRCA1 and BRCA2 using the protein truncation test and by allele-specific testing for 17 founder mutations which have been reported in other Asian populations. Complete gene sequencing was performed on two cases of familial breast cancer. Seven of 292 cases reported a relative with breast cancer and one patient reported a relative with ovarian cancer. A pathogenic BRCA mutation was detected in 2 of 259 cases; one BRCA1 carrier was diagnosed at age 51 and one BRCA2 carrier was diagnosed at age 42. Neither case reported a relative with breast or ovarian cancer. A family history of breast cancer is very uncommon among Vietnamese breast cancer patients. The frequency of pathogenic BRCA mutations in Vietnamese breast cancer patients is among the lowest reported worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- O M Ginsburg
- Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations across race and ethnicity: distribution and clinical implications. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2010; 22:72-8. [PMID: 19841585 DOI: 10.1097/gco.0b013e328332dca3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To summarize evidence on the prevalence and spectrum of BRCA1 and BRCA2 BRCA1/2 mutations across racial and ethnic groups and discuss implications for clinical practice. RECENT FINDINGS The prevalence of BRCA1/2 mutations is comparable among breast cancer patients of African, Asian, white, and Hispanic descent: approximately 1-4% per gene. Among ovarian cancer patients in North America, BRCA1/2 mutations are present in 13-15%. Between racial/ethnic groups, there are important differences in the spectrum of BRCA1 compared with BRCA2 mutations, in BRCA1/2 variants of uncertain significance, and in the accuracy of clinical models that predict BRCA1/2 mutation carriage. SUMMARY Given the significant prevalence of BRCA1/2 mutations across race/ethnicity, there is a need to expand and customize genetic counseling, genetic testing, and follow-up care for members of all racial/ethnic groups.
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Kurian AW, Gong GD, Chun NM, Mills MA, Staton AD, Kingham KE, Crawford BB, Lee R, Chan S, Donlon SS, Ridge Y, Panabaker K, West DW, Whittemore AS, Ford JM. Performance of BRCA1/2 mutation prediction models in Asian Americans. J Clin Oncol 2008; 26:4752-8. [PMID: 18779604 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.16.8310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE There are established differences in breast cancer epidemiology between Asian and white individuals, but little is known about hereditary breast cancer in Asian populations. Although increasing numbers of Asian individuals are clinically tested for BRCA1/2 mutations, it is not known whether computer models that predict mutations work accurately in Asian individuals. We compared the performance in Asian and white individuals of two widely used BRCA1/2 mutation prediction models, BRCAPRO and Myriad II. PATIENTS AND METHODS We evaluated BRCAPRO and Myriad II in 200 Asian individuals and a matched control group of 200 white individuals who were tested for BRCA1/2 mutations at four cancer genetics clinics, by comparing numbers of observed versus predicted mutation carriers and by evaluating area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for each model. RESULTS BRCAPRO and Myriad II accurately predicted the number of white BRCA1/2 mutation carriers (25 observed v 24 predicted by BRCAPRO; 25 predicted by Myriad II, P > or = .69), but underpredicted Asian carriers by two-fold (49 observed v 25 predicted by BRCAPRO; 26 predicted by Myriad II; P < or = 3 x 10(-7)). For BRCAPRO, this racial difference reflects substantial underprediction of Asian BRCA2 mutation carriers (26 observed v 4 predicted; P = 1 x 10(-30)); for Myriad II, separate mutation predictions were not available. For both models, AUCs were nonsignificantly lower in Asian than white individuals, suggesting less accurate discrimination between Asian carriers and noncarriers. CONCLUSION Both BRCAPRO and Myriad II underestimated the proportion of BRCA1/2 mutation carriers, and discriminated carriers from noncarriers less well, in Asian compared with white individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison W Kurian
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5405, USA.
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Malik FA, Ashraf S, Kayani MA, Jiang WG, Mir A, Ansar M, Baloch IA, Sadiq R. Contribution of BRCA1 germline mutation in patients with sporadic breast cancer. INTERNATIONAL SEMINARS IN SURGICAL ONCOLOGY 2008; 5:21. [PMID: 18759965 PMCID: PMC2538523 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7800-5-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2008] [Accepted: 08/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary artifacts in BRCA1 gene have a significant contributory role in familial cases of breast cancer. However, its germline mutational penetrance in sporadic breast cancer cases with respect to Pakistani population has not yet been very well defined. This study was designed to assess the contributory role of germline mutations of this gene in sporadic cases of breast cancer. 150 cases of unilateral breast cancer patients, with no prior family history of breast cancer and no other disorders or diseases in general with age range 35–75 yrs, were included in this study. Mutational analysis for hot spots on Exon 2, 3 and 13 of BRCA1 was done by using Single Strand Conformational Polymorphism (SSCP). Sequence analysis revealed five variants (missense) and one novel splice site mutation at exon 13. No germline mutation was observed on the remaining exons with respect sporadic breast cancer cases in Pakistani population. A vast majority of breast cancer cases are sporadic; the present study may be helpful for designing a better genetic screening tool for germline BRCA mutations in sporadic breast cancer patients of Pakistani population. Further studies involving a screening of entire coding region of BRCA1 is required to explore the merits of genetic diagnosis and counseling in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fraz A Malik
- Cancer Genetics Lab; Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Liede A, Narod SA. Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer in Asia: genetic epidemiology of BRCA1 and BRCA2. Hum Mutat 2002; 20:413-24. [PMID: 12442265 DOI: 10.1002/humu.10154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Ethnic differences in cancer incidence and mortality result from differences in genetic and epidemiologic risk factors. Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 account for a small proportion of all breast cancer cases, but for a much higher proportion of cases with a strong family history of breast or ovarian cancer. Germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 have been identified in individuals of many races and ethnic groups and the frequency of mutations varies between these groups. Some of the differences in cancer risk between populations may be the result of founder mutations in these genes. The cost and time required for mutation analysis are reduced considerably when founder mutations are identified for a specific ethnic group. The BRCA2 999del5 mutation in Iceland and three BRCA mutations in Ashkenazi Jews are well characterized. However, considerably less is known about the contribution of mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes outside of European groups. Studies conducted on the Asian populations described here have expanded our current knowledge of genetic susceptibility and its contribution to breast and ovarian cancer rates in Asian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Liede
- Centre for Research in Women's Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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10
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Matsuo F, Yano KI, Saito H, Morotomi K, Kato M, Yoshimoto M, Kasumi F, Akiyama F, Sakamoto G, Miki Y. Mutation analysis of the mel-18 gene that shows decreased expression in human breast cancer cell lines. Breast Cancer 2002; 9:33-8. [PMID: 12196719 DOI: 10.1007/bf02967544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mammalian mel-18 is a member of the polycomb group, and it acts as a transcriptional repressor with DNA binding activity. Murine mel-18 negatively regulates the cell cycle through the c-myc/cdc25 cascade, and mice haploinsufficient for mel-18 develop mammary gland tumors. In addition, the human homolog of mel-18 is located at 17q, on which candidate tumor suppressor genes for breast cancer have been suggested for a long time. These observations indicate that the mel-18 gene may be a tumor suppressor gene for breast cancer. To investigate this possibility, we examined the expression of mel-18 mRNA in human breast cancer cell lines and searched for mel-18 gene mutations in sporadic and familial breast cancers. METHODS The expression of mel-18 mRNA was examined in five breast cancer cell lines by RT-PCR, and somatic and germline mutations of the mel-18 gene were analyzed by the PCR-SSCP and sequence methods in 48 sporadic breast cancers, including 16 cases with loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at the mel-18 locus, and in 23 cases from 18 breast cancer families, respectively. RESULTS We found that most cell lines examined here showed decreased expression of mel-18 mRNA, however, no alteration other than a single nucleotide change that did not lead to amino acid alteration in one patient was identified. CONCLUSION Our results reveal that mel-18 gene mutations are exceedingly rare in human breast cancers, and a reduction of mel-18 expression in human breast cancer cell lines would support a role for mel-18 haploinsufficiency in breast carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumie Matsuo
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 1-37-1 Kami-ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 170-8455, Japan
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11
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Scholl R, Walker A, Ballard LW. Multiplex, fluorescent single-strand conformation polymorphism using stepped polymerase chain reaction primers. J Biomol Tech 2001; 12:1-3. [PMID: 19499062 PMCID: PMC2291648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A method for high-throughput screening for a well-characterized mutation at the APC locus was developed using stepped PCR primers, pooled product, and fluorescent single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP). Using a panel of two known normals, three known heterozygous mutants, and one known homozygous mutant, eight stepped PCR products were developed that showed the same mobility shift on a PE Biosystems 373A. Using this method, up to eight different samples can be pooled for same lane analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Scholl
- Genomics Core Facility, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
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12
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Barker DF. Direct genomic multiplex PCR for BRCA1 and application to mutation detection by single-strand conformation and heteroduplex analysis. Hum Mutat 2000; 16:334-44. [PMID: 11013444 DOI: 10.1002/1098-1004(200010)16:4<334::aid-humu6>3.0.co;2-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Most mutation detection methods are based on analysis of PCR amplified segments and the application of multiplex PCR is one central approach to improving screening efficiency. Genes like the breast-ovarian cancer susceptibility gene BRCA1 pose a difficult challenge to efficient mutation screening because of large coding regions, numerous exons, and complex mutational spectra. The application to BRCA1 of a general approach to effective multiplex PCR is described here. Fifteen triplex PCRs and a single PCR reaction condition were used for amplification of all BRCA1 coding regions and the BRCA1-specific segments from the duplicated promoter region. SSCP/HDX gel analysis of the multiplex products detected mobility distinctions for 34/34 sets of allelic BRCA1 fragments. A novel polymorphism was found, CTTCT(4)CT(10)CT(12) >CT(4)CT(11), a compound deletion in a region beginning at the +33 position of IVS7 and resulting in a net deletion of 15 bp. This change was shown to be one of the common polymorphisms that define the two major haplotypes of the BRCA1-RNU2 region in a large proportion of the world population. A triplex PCR for SSCP detection of this deletion and two other distantly located common polymorphisms may be used to screen haplotype content and facilitate comparison of samples with similar haplotypes in subsequent mutation screening. The approach for robust multiplex amplification is generally applicable and allows rapid development of efficient testing for a wide variety of mutations in any gene(s) encompassing a large coding region or numerous exons and including as many as 50 different genomic PCR products.
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Affiliation(s)
- D F Barker
- Department of Physiology, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108-1270, USA.
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Yoshikawa K, Ogawa T, Baer R, Hemmi H, Honda K, Yamauchi A, Inamoto T, Ko K, Yazumi S, Motoda H, Kodama H, Noguchi S, Gazdar AF, Yamaoka Y, Takahashi R. Abnormal expression of BRCA1 and BRCA1-interactive DNA-repair proteins in breast carcinomas. Int J Cancer 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/1097-0215(20001001)88:1<28::aid-ijc5>3.0.co;2-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Fukino K, Kitamura Y, Sanno N, Teramoto A, Emi M. Analysis of the MEN1 gene in sporadic pituitary adenomas from Japanese patients. Cancer Lett 1999; 144:85-92. [PMID: 10503881 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(99)00201-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
An autosomal-dominant syndrome known as multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is characterized by tumors in parathyroid glands, pancreatic endocrine tissues and the anterior pituitary gland. The predisposing gene was identified at 11q13 when germline mutations in the MEN1 gene were detected in affected pedigrees. To investigate a possible role of this gene in tumorigenesis of non-familial pituitary adenomas, we examined 24 sporadic tumors from Japanese patients for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at the 11q13 region and for somatic mutations in the entire coding region and exon-intron boundaries of MEN1. Although three common sequence variants were detected, none of the tumors exhibited either LOH or somatic mutations of this gene. Our results indicate that inherited and sporadic forms of pituitary adenomas are different in terms of the genetic events that contribute to their development, and that other loci associated with pituitary neoplasia must still be sought.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Fukino
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Gerontology, Nippon Medical School, Kawasaki-shi, Japan
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15
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Kijima G, Murakami Y, Ohuchi N, Satomi S, Sekiya T. Nonsense mutation at codon 63 of the BRCA1 gene in Japanese breast cancer patients. Jpn J Cancer Res 1998; 89:837-41. [PMID: 9765620 PMCID: PMC5921912 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.1998.tb00637.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The involvement of abnormalities of the BRCA1 gene in breast cancers in Japanese patients without any family history of this cancer was investigated by polymerase chain reaction-based single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis of the DNA sequences corresponding to the zinc finger domain (exons 2, 3 and 5) and the binding domain with Rad51 (exon 11) of the BRCA1 protein. An identical nonsense mutation at codon 63 (TTA to TAA) was found in 2 of 56 (3.5%) breast cancers from independent patients. The nucleotide change was also detected in the DNAs from non-cancerous tissues of both patients and therefore was a germline mutation. One of the patients was a member of a pedigree involving 3 ovarian cancer and 1 gastric cancer patients, while the other patient had no family history of malignancy. The same germline mutation at codon 63 was reported in four other independent Japanese pedigrees with frequent breast cancer, but not in such families in other countries. These observations suggest that the mutation commonly originated from a single Japanese ancestor. No other mutation of the BRCA1 gene was observed in the samples analyzed in this study. A low incidence of germline mutation and the absence of somatic mutation suggest that the aberration of the BRCA1 gene is involved only in a subset of Japanese breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kijima
- Oncogene Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo
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