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Zeissig MN, Hewett DR, Mrozik KM, Panagopoulos V, Wallington-Gates CT, Spencer A, Dold SM, Engelhardt M, Vandyke K, Zannettino ACW. Expression of the chemokine receptor CCR1 decreases sensitivity to bortezomib in multiple myeloma cell lines. Leuk Res 2024; 139:107469. [PMID: 38479337 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2024.107469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib is one of the primary therapies used for the haematological malignancy multiple myeloma (MM). However, intrinsic or acquired resistance to bortezomib, via mechanisms that are not fully elucidated, is a barrier to successful treatment in many patients. Our previous studies have shown that elevated expression of the chemokine receptor CCR1 in MM plasma cells in newly diagnosed MM patients is associated with poor prognosis. Here, we hypothesised that the poor prognosis conferred by CCR1 expression is, in part, due to a CCR1-mediated decrease in MM plasma cell sensitivity to bortezomib. METHODS In order to investigate the role of CCR1 in MM cells, CCR1 was knocked out in human myeloma cell lines OPM2 and U266 using CRISPR-Cas9. Additionally, CCR1 was overexpressed in the mouse MM cell line 5TGM1. The effect of bortezomib on CCR1 knockout or CCR1-overexpressing cells was then assessed by WST-1 assay, with or without CCL3 siRNA knockdown or addition of recombinant human CCL3. NSG mice were inoculated intratibially with OPM2-CCR1KO cells and were treated with 0.7 mg/kg bortezomib or vehicle twice per week for 3 weeks and GFP+ tumour cells in the bone marrow were quantitated by flow cytometry. The effect of CCR1 overexpression or knockout on unfolded protein response pathways was assessed using qPCR for ATF4, HSPA5, XBP1, ERN1 and CHOP and Western blot for IRE1α and p-Jnk. RESULTS Using CCR1 overexpression or CRIPSR-Cas9-mediated CCR1 knockout in MM cell lines, we found that CCR1 expression significantly decreases sensitivity to bortezomib in vitro, independent of the CCR1 ligand CCL3. In addition, CCR1 knockout rendered the human MM cell line OPM2 more sensitive to bortezomib in an intratibial MM model in NSG mice in vivo. Moreover, CCR1 expression negatively regulated the expression of the unfolded protein response receptor IRE1 and downstream target gene XBP1, suggesting this pathway may be responsible for the decreased bortezomib sensitivity of CCR1-expressing cells. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these studies suggest that CCR1 expression may be associated with decreased response to bortezomib in MM cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara N Zeissig
- Myeloma Research Laboratory, School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Duncan R Hewett
- Myeloma Research Laboratory, School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Krzysztof M Mrozik
- Myeloma Research Laboratory, School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Vasilios Panagopoulos
- Myeloma Research Laboratory, School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Craig T Wallington-Gates
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia; Flinders Medical Centre, Southern Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Andrew Spencer
- Department of Haematology, Alfred Health-Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sandra M Dold
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical Centre - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Monika Engelhardt
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical Centre - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kate Vandyke
- Myeloma Research Laboratory, School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Andrew C W Zannettino
- Myeloma Research Laboratory, School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia; Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, Australia
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Yang P, Qu Y, Wang M, Chu B, Chen W, Zheng Y, Niu T, Qian Z. Pathogenesis and treatment of multiple myeloma. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e146. [PMID: 35665368 PMCID: PMC9162151 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second‐ranking malignancy in hematological tumors. The pathogenesis of MM is complex with high heterogeneity, and the development of the disease is a multistep process. Chromosomal translocations, aneuploidy, genetic mutations, and epigenetic aberrations are essential in disease initiation and progression. The correlation between MM cells and the bone marrow microenvironment is associated with the survival, progression, migration, and drug resistance of MM cells. In recent decades, there has been a significant change in the paradigm for the management of MM. With the development of proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, monoclonal antibodies, chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell therapies, and novel agents, the survival of MM patients has been significantly improved. In addition, nanotechnology acts as both a nanocarrier and a treatment tool for MM. The properties and responsive conditions of nanomedicine can be tailored to reach different goals. Nanomedicine with a precise targeting property has offered great potential for drug delivery and assisted in tumor immunotherapy. In this review, we summarize the pathogenesis and current treatment options of MM, then overview recent advances in nanomedicine‐based systems, aiming to provide more insights into the treatment of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Yang
- Department of Hematology and Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Ying Qu
- Department of Hematology and Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Mengyao Wang
- Department of Hematology and Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Bingyang Chu
- Department of Hematology and Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Hematology and Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Yuhuan Zheng
- Department of Hematology and Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Ting Niu
- Department of Hematology and Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Zhiyong Qian
- Department of Hematology and Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
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Murase T, Inagaki A, Masaki A, Fujii K, Narita T, Ri M, Hanamura I, Iida S, Inagaki H. Plasma cell myeloma positive for t(14;20) with relapse in the central nervous system. J Clin Exp Hematop 2019; 59:135-139. [PMID: 31391406 PMCID: PMC6798141 DOI: 10.3960/jslrt.19011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
t(14;20)(q32;q11)/IGH-MAFB is a rare chromosomal abnormality in plasma cell myeloma (PCM), accounting for 1-2% of PCM cases. Patients with this translocation may have a poor prognosis. However, the clinicopathological features and response to novel agents have not been well clarified. We present a 63-year-old Japanese female with PCM positive for t(14;20). The tumor responded well to a proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib, and the patient achieved complete remission. Six months after remission, tumor relapse was noted in the left cerebellum and the right frontal lobe of the cerebrum. After whole brain radiation therapy, the tumor masses decreased in size. The patient was followed up with best-care support, but died of the disease 29 months after the initial PCM diagnosis. t(14;20)-positive PCM responded well to bortezomib at the time of the initial treatment. The CNS tumor involvement, which is rare in PCM, may be associated with the clinical aggressiveness of the t(14;20)-positive form of this myeloma.
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Qiang YW, Ye S, Huang Y, Chen Y, Van Rhee F, Epstein J, Walker BA, Morgan GJ, Davies FE. MAFb protein confers intrinsic resistance to proteasome inhibitors in multiple myeloma. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:724. [PMID: 29980194 PMCID: PMC6035431 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4602-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple myeloma (MM) patients with t(14;20) have a poor prognosis and their outcome has not improved following the introduction of bortezomib (Bzb). The mechanism underlying the resistance to proteasome inhibitors (PIs) for this subset of patients is unknown. Methods IC50 of Bzb and carfilzomib (CFZ) in human myeloma cell lines (HMCLs) were established by MTT assay. Gene Expression profile (GEP) analysis was used to determine gene expression in primary myeloma cells. Immunoblotting analysis was performed for MAFb and caspase family proteins. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the location of MAFb protein in MM cells. Lentiviral infections were used to knock-down MAFb expression in two lines. Apoptosis detection by flow cytometry and western blot analysis was performed to determine the molecular mechanism MAFb confers resistance to proteasome inhibitors. Results We found high levels of MAFb protein in cell lines with t(14;20), in one line with t(6;20), in one with Igλ insertion into MAFb locus, and in primary plasma cells from MM patients with t(14;20). High MAFb protein levels correlated with higher IC50s of PIs in MM cells. Inhibition of GSK3β activity or treatment with Bzb or CFZ prevented MAFb protein degradation without affecting the corresponding mRNA level indicating a role for GSK3 and proteasome inhibitors in regulation of MAFb stability. Silencing MAFb restored sensitivity to Bzb and CFZ, and enhanced PIs-induced apoptosis and activation of caspase-3, − 8, − 9, PARP and lamin A/C suggesting that high expression of MAFb protein leads to insensitivity to proteasome inhibitors. Conclusion These results highlight the role of post-translational modification of MAFb in maintaining its protein level, and identify a mechanism by which proteasome inhibitors induced stabilization of MAFb confers resistance to proteasome inhibitors, and provide a rationale for the development of targeted therapeutic strategies for this subset of patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4602-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Wei Qiang
- Myeloma Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, 4301 West Markham St., Slot 776, Rm 914, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA.
| | - Shiqiao Ye
- Myeloma Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, 4301 West Markham St., Slot 776, Rm 914, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Yuhua Huang
- Myeloma Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, 4301 West Markham St., Slot 776, Rm 914, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Yu Chen
- Myeloma Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, 4301 West Markham St., Slot 776, Rm 914, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Frits Van Rhee
- Myeloma Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, 4301 West Markham St., Slot 776, Rm 914, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Joshua Epstein
- Myeloma Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, 4301 West Markham St., Slot 776, Rm 914, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Brian A Walker
- Myeloma Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, 4301 West Markham St., Slot 776, Rm 914, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Gareth J Morgan
- Myeloma Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, 4301 West Markham St., Slot 776, Rm 914, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Faith E Davies
- Myeloma Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, 4301 West Markham St., Slot 776, Rm 914, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
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Abstract
There are many prognostic variables in multiple myeloma and the difficulty is in deciding which is truly significant. The widely used International Staging System (ISS) does not incorporate genetics, age, and other important variables in its risk stratification. Although it has its own limitations, the recently published Revised International Staging System (R-ISS) that was built upon the framework of ISS, is a more comprehensive and predictive tool for multiple myeloma patients and should be henceforth utilised. We will review the current prognostic variables and their significance in this paper.
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Huang JJ, Yu J, Li JY, Liu YT, Zhong RQ. Circulating microRNA expression is associated with genetic subtype and survival of multiple myeloma. Med Oncol 2012; 29:2402-8. [PMID: 22447484 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-012-0210-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have shown potential as non-invasive prognostic biomarkers in cancer. Here, we investigated whether miRNAs present in the plasma of multiple myeloma (MM) patients have prognostic utility. We evaluated global miRNA expression profiles in the plasma of 12 multiple myeloma patients and 8 healthy controls using TaqMan Low-Density Arrays. Six miRNAs (miR-148a, miR-181a, miR-20a, miR-221, miR-625, and miR-99b) that were significantly upregulated in MM were selected and further quantified independently by quantitative reverse transcription PCR in plasma from 28 MM patients and 12 healthy controls. Moreover, within the patient group, the expression levels of miR-99b and miR-221 were associated with chromosomal abnormalities t(4; 14) and del(13q), respectively. High levels of miR-20a and miR-148a were related to shorter relapse-free survival. In summary, we have identified aberrant expression of particular circulating miRNAs that are associated with the genetic subtype and survival of MM. These plasma miRNAs have potential as clinical biomarkers in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-jing Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
This chapter focuses on the three-dimensional organization of the nucleus in normal, early genomically unstable, and tumor cells. A cause-consequence relationship is discussed between nuclear alterations and the resulting genomic rearrangements. Examples are presented from studies on conditional Myc deregulation, experimental tumorigenesis in mouse plasmacytoma, nuclear remodeling in Hodgkin's lymphoma, and in adult glioblastoma. A model of nuclear remodeling is proposed for cancer progression in multiple myeloma. Current models of nuclear remodeling are described, including our model of altered nuclear architecture and the onset of genomic instability.
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