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Murgiano L, Niggel JK, Benedicenti L, Cortellari M, Bionda A, Crepaldi P, Liotta L, Aguirre GK, Beltran WA, Aguirre GD. Frameshift Variant in AMPD2 in Cirneco dell'Etna Dogs with Retinopathy and Tremors. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:238. [PMID: 38397227 PMCID: PMC10887799 DOI: 10.3390/genes15020238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
While the manifestations of many inherited retinal disorders are limited to loss of vision, others are part of a syndrome that affects multiple tissues, particularly the nervous system. Most syndromic retinal disorders are thought to be recessively inherited. Two dogs out of a litter of Cirneco dell' Etna dogs, both males, showed signs of retinal degeneration, along with tremors and signs described as either atypical seizures or paroxysmal dyskinesias, while the other two male littermates were normal. We named this oculo-neurological syndrome CONS (Cirneco oculo-neurological syndrome), and undertook homozygosity mapping and whole-genome sequencing to determine its potential genetic etiology. Notably, we detected a 1-bp deletion in chromosome 6 that was predicted to cause a frameshift and premature stop codon within the canine AMPD2 gene, which encodes adenosine monophosphate deaminase, an enzyme that converts adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) to inosine 5'-monophosphate (IMP). Genotyping of the available Cirneco population suggested perfect segregation between cases and controls for the variant. Moreover, this variant was absent in canine genomic databases comprised of thousands of unaffected dogs. The AMPD2 genetic variant we identified in dogs presents with retinal manifestations, adding to the spectrum of neurological manifestations associated with AMPD2 variants in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Murgiano
- Division of Experimental Retinal Therapies, Department of Clinical Sciences & Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (J.K.N.); (W.A.B.); (G.D.A.)
- Sylvia M. Van Sloun Laboratory for Canine Genomic Analysis, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jessica K. Niggel
- Division of Experimental Retinal Therapies, Department of Clinical Sciences & Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (J.K.N.); (W.A.B.); (G.D.A.)
- Sylvia M. Van Sloun Laboratory for Canine Genomic Analysis, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Leontine Benedicenti
- Matthew J. Ryan Veterinary Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Matteo Cortellari
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences—Production, Territory, Agroenergy, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.C.); (A.B.); (P.C.)
| | - Arianna Bionda
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences—Production, Territory, Agroenergy, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.C.); (A.B.); (P.C.)
| | - Paola Crepaldi
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences—Production, Territory, Agroenergy, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.C.); (A.B.); (P.C.)
| | - Luigi Liotta
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
| | - Geoffrey K. Aguirre
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - William A. Beltran
- Division of Experimental Retinal Therapies, Department of Clinical Sciences & Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (J.K.N.); (W.A.B.); (G.D.A.)
| | - Gustavo D. Aguirre
- Division of Experimental Retinal Therapies, Department of Clinical Sciences & Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (J.K.N.); (W.A.B.); (G.D.A.)
- Sylvia M. Van Sloun Laboratory for Canine Genomic Analysis, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Flores-Mendez M, Ohl L, Roule T, Zhou Y, Tintos-Hernández JA, Walsh K, Ortiz-González XR, Akizu N. IMPDH2 filaments protect from neurodegeneration in AMPD2 deficiency. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.20.576443. [PMID: 38328116 PMCID: PMC10849482 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.20.576443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic dysregulation is one of the most common causes of pediatric neurodegenerative disorders. However, how the disruption of ubiquitous and essential metabolic pathways predominantly affect neural tissue remains unclear. Here we use mouse models of AMPD2 deficiency to study cellular and molecular mechanisms that lead to selective neuronal vulnerability to purine metabolism imbalance. We show that AMPD deficiency in mice primarily leads to hippocampal dentate gyrus degeneration despite causing a generalized reduction of brain GTP levels. Remarkably, we found that neurodegeneration resistant regions accumulate micron sized filaments of IMPDH2, the rate limiting enzyme in GTP synthesis. In contrast, IMPDH2 filaments are barely detectable in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, which shows a progressive neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Furthermore, using a human AMPD2 deficient neural cell culture model, we show that blocking IMPDH2 polymerization with a dominant negative IMPDH2 variant, impairs AMPD2 deficient neural progenitor growth. Together, our findings suggest that IMPDH2 polymerization prevents detrimental GTP deprivation in neurons with available GTP precursor molecules, providing resistance to neurodegeneration. Our findings open the possibility of exploring the involvement of IMPDH2 assembly as a therapeutic intervention for neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Flores-Mendez
- Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Laura Ohl
- Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Thomas Roule
- Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yijing Zhou
- Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jesus A Tintos-Hernández
- Division of Neurology and Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
| | - Kelsey Walsh
- Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xilma R Ortiz-González
- Division of Neurology and Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
| | - Naiara Akizu
- Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Yang H, Wang Q, Xi Y, Yu W, Xie D, Morisaki H, Morisaki T, Cheng J. AMPD2 plays important roles in regulating hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2023; 577:112039. [PMID: 37567359 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2023.112039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism can instigate the onset of various metabolic disorders including obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and fatty liver disease. Adenosine monophosphate (AMP) deaminase (AMPD), which converts AMP to inosine monophosphate, plays a key role in maintaining adenylate energy charge. AMPD2 is the major isoform present in the liver. However, the mechanistic link between AMPD2 and hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism remains elusive. In this study, we probed into the hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism in AMPD2-deficient (A2-/-) mice. These mice exhibited reduced body weight, fat accumulation, and blood glucose levels, coupled with enhanced insulin sensitivity while maintaining consistent calorie intake and spontaneous motor activity compared with wild type mice. Furthermore, A2-/- mice showed mitigated obesity and hyper-insulinemia induced by high-fat diet (HFD) but elevated levels of the serum triglyceride and cholesterol. The hepatic mRNA levels of several fatty acid and cholesterol metabolism-related genes were altered in A2-/- mice. RNA sequencing unveiled multiple alterations in lipid metabolic pathways due to AMPD2 deficiency. These mice were also more susceptible to fasting or HFD-induced hepatic lipid accumulation. The liver exhibited elevated AMP levels but unaltered AMP/ATP ratio. In addition, AMPD2 deficiency is not associated with the adenosine production. In summary, this study established a link between purine metabolism and hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism via AMPD2, providing novel insights into these metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yuemei Xi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - De Xie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hiroko Morisaki
- Department of Bioscience and Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Department of Medical Genecics, Sakakibara Heart Institute, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Morisaki
- Department of Bioscience and Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Jidong Cheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China; Department of Internal Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Nucleic Acid Metabolism and Regulation, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Department of Bioscience and Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
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Clinical and genetic spectrum of AMPD2-related pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 9. Eur J Hum Genet 2018; 26:695-708. [PMID: 29463858 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-018-0098-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Pontocerebellar hypoplasia (PCH) represents a group of autosomal-recessive progressive neurodegenerative disorders of prenatal onset. Eleven PCH subtypes are classified according to clinical, neuroimaging and genetic findings. Individuals with PCH type 9 (PCH9) have a unique combination of postnatal microcephaly, hypoplastic cerebellum and pons, and hypoplastic or absent corpus callosum. PCH9 is caused by biallelic variants in AMPD2 encoding adenosine monophosphate deaminase 2; however, a homozygous AMPD2 frameshift variant has recently been reported in two family members with spastic paraplegia type 63 (SPG63). We identified homozygous or compound heterozygous AMPD2 variants in eight PCH-affected individuals from six families. The eight variants likely affect function and comprise one frameshift, one nonsense and six missense variants; seven of which were novel. The main clinical manifestations in the eight new patients and 17 previously reported individuals with biallelic AMPD2 variants were postnatal microcephaly, severe global developmental delay, spasticity, and central visual impairment. Brain imaging data identified hypomyelination, hypoplasia of the cerebellum and pons, atrophy of the cerebral cortex, complete or partial agenesis of the corpus callosum and the "figure 8" shape of the hypoplastic midbrain as consistent features. We broaden the AMPD2-related clinical spectrum by describing one individual without microcephaly and absence of the characteristic "figure 8" shape of the midbrain. The existence of various AMPD2 isoforms with different functions possibly explains the variability in phenotypes associated with AMPD2 variants: variants leaving some of the isoforms intact may cause SPG63, while those affecting all isoforms may result in the severe and early-onset PCH9.
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Effect of decaffeinated coffee on function and nucleotide metabolism in kidney. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 439:11-18. [PMID: 28770471 PMCID: PMC5794820 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3131-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the effects of coffee that are not related to the presence of caffeine. The aim of the study was to analyse changes in kidney function and nucleotide metabolism related to high intake of decaffeinated coffee. Mice consumed decaffeinated coffee extract for two weeks. Activities of AMP deaminase, ecto5′-nucleotidase, adenosine deaminase, purine nucleoside phosphorylase were measured in kidney cortex and medulla by analysis of conversion of substrates into products using HPLC. Concentration of nucleotides in kidney cortex, kidney medulla and serum were estimated by HPLC. Activity of ecto5′-nucleotidase increased from 0.032 ± 0.006 to 0.049 ± 0.014 nmol/mg tissue/min in kidney cortex of mice administered high-dose decaffeinated coffee (HDC) together with increase in cortex adenosine concentration and decrease in plasma creatinine concentration. HDC leads to increased activity of ecto5′-nucleotidase in kidney cortex that translates to increase in concentration of adenosine. Surprisingly this caused improved kidney excretion function.
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Hudoyo AW, Hirase T, Tandelillin A, Honda M, Shirai M, Cheng J, Morisaki H, Morisaki T. Role of AMPD2 in impaired glucose tolerance induced by high fructose diet. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2017; 13:23-29. [PMID: 28765812 PMCID: PMC5527155 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A high intake of products containing fructose is known to mediate insulin resistance. In the liver, AMPD2, an isoform of AMPD, has important glucose metabolic homeostasis functions including maintenance of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). We speculated that AMPD2 induces impaired glucose tolerance in individuals who consume a high-fructose diet. We gave either a normal-chow (NCD) or high-fructose (HFrD) diet for 40 days to 8-week-old male wild-type (WT) and Ampd2 −/− homozygote (A2 −/−) C57BL/6 mice. A glucose tolerance test (GTT) and pyruvate tolerance test (PTT) were used to evaluate glucose metabolism. In addition, gluconeogenesis and glycolysis enzymes, and AMPK phosphorylation in the liver were investigated. With consumption of the HFrD, A2 −/− mice showed enhanced glucose tolerance in GTT and PTT results as compared to the WT mice, which were independent of changes in body weight. Also, the levels of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxy kinase and glucose-6-phosphatase (hepatic gluconeogenic enzymes) were significantly reduced in A2 −/− as compared to WT mice. The hepatic glycolytic enzymes glucokinase, phosphofructokinase, and pyruvate kinase were also examined, though there were no significant differences between genotypes in regard to both mRNA expression and protein expression under HFrD. Surprisingly, hepatic AMPK phosphorylation resulted in no changes in the A2 −/− as compared to WT mice under these conditions. Our results indicated that Ampd2–deficient mice are protected from high fructose diet-induced glycemic dysregulation, mainly because of gluconeogenesis inhibition, and indicate a novel therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasius Wrin Hudoyo
- Department of Bioscience and Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuaki Hirase
- Department of Bioscience and Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Andreas Tandelillin
- Department of Bioscience and Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiko Honda
- Department of Bioscience and Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Manabu Shirai
- Department of Bioscience and Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jidong Cheng
- Department of Bioscience and Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroko Morisaki
- Department of Bioscience and Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takayuki Morisaki
- Department of Bioscience and Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Tokyo University of Technology School of Health Sciences, Ota, Tokyo, Japan
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Helmering J, Juan T, Li CM, Chhoa M, Baron W, Gyuris T, Richards WG, Turk JR, Lawrence J, Cosgrove PA, Busby J, Kim KW, Kaufman SA, Cummings C, Carlson G, Véniant MM, Lloyd DJ. A mutation in Ampd2 is associated with nephrotic syndrome and hypercholesterolemia in mice. Lipids Health Dis 2014; 13:167. [PMID: 25361754 PMCID: PMC4232700 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-13-167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previously, we identified three loci affecting HDL-cholesterol levels in a screen for ENU-induced mutations in mice and discovered two mutated genes. We sought to identify the third mutated gene and further characterize the mouse phenotype. Methods We engaged, DNA sequencing, gene expression profiling, western blotting, lipoprotein characterization, metabolomics assessment, histology and electron microscopy in mouse tissues. Results We identify the third gene as Ampd2, a liver isoform of AMP Deaminase (Ampd), a central component of energy and purine metabolism pathways. The causative mutation was a guanine-to-thymine transversion resulting in an A341S conversion in Ampd2. Ampd2 homozygous mutant mice exhibit a labile hypercholesterolemia phenotype, peaking around 9 weeks of age (251 mg/dL vs. wildtype control at 138 mg/dL), and was evidenced by marked increases in HDL, VLDL and LDL. In an attempt to determine the molecular connection between Ampd2 dysfunction and hypercholesterolemia, we analyzed hepatic gene expression and found the downregulation of Ldlr, Hmgcs and Insig1 and upregulation of Cyp7A1 genes. Metabolomic analysis confirmed an increase in hepatic AMP levels and a decrease in allantoin levels consistent with Ampd2 deficiency, and increases in campesterol and β-sitosterol. Additionally, nephrotic syndrome was observed in the mutant mice, through proteinuria, kidney histology and effacement and blebbing of podocyte foot processes by electron microscopy. Conclusion In summary we describe the discovery of a novel genetic mouse model of combined transient nephrotic syndrome and hypercholesterolemia, resembling the human disorder. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1476-511X-13-167) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
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- Department of Metabolic Disorders, Amgen Inc, One Amgen Center Dr, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA.
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Akizu N, Cantagrel V, Schroth J, Cai N, Vaux K, McCloskey D, Naviaux RK, Van Vleet J, Fenstermaker AG, Silhavy JL, Scheliga JS, Toyama K, Morisaki H, Sonmez FM, Celep F, Oraby A, Zaki MS, Al-Baradie R, Faqeih EA, Saleh MAM, Spencer E, Rosti RO, Scott E, Nickerson E, Gabriel S, Morisaki T, Holmes EW, Gleeson JG. AMPD2 regulates GTP synthesis and is mutated in a potentially treatable neurodegenerative brainstem disorder. Cell 2013; 154:505-17. [PMID: 23911318 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2013.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Revised: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Purine biosynthesis and metabolism, conserved in all living organisms, is essential for cellular energy homeostasis and nucleic acid synthesis. The de novo synthesis of purine precursors is under tight negative feedback regulation mediated by adenosine and guanine nucleotides. We describe a distinct early-onset neurodegenerative condition resulting from mutations in the adenosine monophosphate deaminase 2 gene (AMPD2). Patients have characteristic brain imaging features of pontocerebellar hypoplasia (PCH) due to loss of brainstem and cerebellar parenchyma. We found that AMPD2 plays an evolutionary conserved role in the maintenance of cellular guanine nucleotide pools by regulating the feedback inhibition of adenosine derivatives on de novo purine synthesis. AMPD2 deficiency results in defective GTP-dependent initiation of protein translation, which can be rescued by administration of purine precursors. These data suggest AMPD2-related PCH as a potentially treatable early-onset neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiara Akizu
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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Li P, Ogino K, Hoshikawa Y, Morisaki H, Toyama K, Morisaki T, Morikawa K, Ninomiya H, Yoshida A, Hashimoto K, Shirayoshi Y, Hisatome I. AMP deaminase 3 plays a critical role in remote reperfusion lung injury. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 434:131-6. [PMID: 23542464 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Remote reperfusion lung injury following skeletal muscle ischemia and reperfusion accounts for high morbidity and mortality. AMP deaminase (AMPD), a key enzyme for nucleotide cycle, has been implicated in the regulation of this phenomenon. However, the function of Ampd2 and Ampd3 subtype has not been elucidated in remote reperfusion rodent lung injury. We utilized AMPD3 and AMPD2-deficient mice. The two types of AMPD-deficient mice and wild-type (WT) littermates were subjected to ischemia-reperfusion injury. After 3h bilateral hind-limb ischemia and reperfusion, AMPD3 mRNA, AMPD activity and inosine monophosphate (IMP) increased significantly in WT and AMPD2-deficient mice lungs, while they did not show significant alterations in AMPD3-deficient mice lungs. Genetic inactivation of Ampd3 resulted in markedly accelerated myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity along with exaggerated neutrophils infiltration and hemorrhage in the lungs compared to WT and AMPD2-deficient mice, furthermore, IMP treatment significantly attenuated MPO activity and neutrophils infiltration in WT and the two types of AMPD-deficient mice lungs after 3h reperfusion. These findings demonstrate for the first time in AMP-deficient mice models that AMPD3 plays a critical role in remote reperfusion lung injury via generation of IMP and validate the potential to use IMP into the clinical arena to attenuate remote ischemia-reperfusion lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peili Li
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biofunction, Tottori University, Japan.
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