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Sobolev VV, Khashukoeva AZ, Evina OE, Geppe NA, Chebysheva SN, Korsunskaya IM, Tchepourina E, Mezentsev A. Role of the Transcription Factor FOSL1 in Organ Development and Tumorigenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031521. [PMID: 35163444 PMCID: PMC8835756 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor FOSL1 plays an important role in cell differentiation and tumorigenesis. Primarily, FOSL1 is crucial for the differentiation of several cell lineages, namely adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteoblasts. In solid tumors, FOSL1 controls the progression of tumor cells through the epithelial–mesenchymal transformation. In this review, we summarize the available data on FOSL1 expression, stabilization, and degradation in the cell. We discuss how FOSL1 is integrated into the intracellular signaling mechanisms and provide a comprehensive analysis of FOSL1 influence on gene expression. We also analyze the pathological changes caused by altered Fosl1 expression in genetically modified mice. In addition, we dedicated a separate section of the review to the role of FOSL1 in human cancer. Primarily, we focus on the FOSL1 expression pattern in solid tumors, FOSL1 importance as a prognostic factor, and FOSL1 perspectives as a molecular target for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir V. Sobolev
- Center for Theoretical Problems in Physico-Chemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 109029 Moscow, Russia; (I.M.K.); (E.T.)
- Correspondence: (V.V.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Asiat Z. Khashukoeva
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Olga E. Evina
- “JSC DK Medsi”, Medical and Diagnostics Center, 125284 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Natalia A. Geppe
- NF Filatov Clinical Institute of Children’s Health, I.M. Sechenov First MSMU, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (N.A.G.); (S.N.C.)
| | - Svetlana N. Chebysheva
- NF Filatov Clinical Institute of Children’s Health, I.M. Sechenov First MSMU, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (N.A.G.); (S.N.C.)
| | - Irina M. Korsunskaya
- Center for Theoretical Problems in Physico-Chemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 109029 Moscow, Russia; (I.M.K.); (E.T.)
| | - Ekaterina Tchepourina
- Center for Theoretical Problems in Physico-Chemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 109029 Moscow, Russia; (I.M.K.); (E.T.)
| | - Alexandre Mezentsev
- Center for Theoretical Problems in Physico-Chemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 109029 Moscow, Russia; (I.M.K.); (E.T.)
- Correspondence: (V.V.S.); (A.M.)
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Construction of a Potential Breast Cancer-Related miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Network. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:6149174. [PMID: 33204705 PMCID: PMC7657683 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6149174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that occurs in the epithelial tissue of the breast gland and has become the most common malignancy in women. The regulation of the expression of related genes by microRNA (miRNA) plays an important role in breast cancer. We constructed a comprehensive breast cancer-miRNA-gene interaction map. Methods Three miRNA microarray datasets (GSE26659, GSE45666, and GSE58210) were obtained from the GEO database. Then, the R software “LIMMA” package was used to identify differential expression analysis. Potential transcription factors and target genes of screened differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) were predicted. The BRCA GE-mRNA datasets (GSE109169 and GSE139038) were downloaded from the GEO database for identifying differentially expressed genes (DE-genes). Next, GO annotation and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were conducted. A PPI network was then established, and hub genes were identified via Cytoscape software. The expression and prognostic roles of hub genes were further evaluated. Results We found 6 upregulated differentially expressed- (DE-) miRNAs and 18 downregulated DE-miRNAs by analyzing 3 Gene Expression Omnibus databases, and we predicted the upstream transcription factors and downstream target genes for these DE-miRNAs. Then, we used the GEO database to perform differential analysis on breast cancer mRNA and obtained differentially expressed mRNA. We found 10 hub genes of upregulated DE-miRNAs and 10 hub genes of downregulated DE-miRNAs through interaction analysis. Conclusions In this study, we have performed an integrated bioinformatics analysis to construct a more comprehensive BRCA-miRNA-gene network and provide new targets and research directions for the treatment and prognosis of BRCA.
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Expression and function of FRA1 protein in tumors. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 47:737-752. [PMID: 31612408 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05123-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AP-1 is a dimeric complex that is composed of JUN, FOS, ATF and MAF protein families. FOS-related antigen 1 (FRA1) which encoded by FOSL1 gene, belongs to the FOS protein family, and mainly forms an AP-1 complex with the protein of the JUN family to exert an effect. Regulation of FRA1 occurs at levels of transcription and post-translational modification, and phosphorylation is the major post-translational modification. FRA1 is mainly regulated by the mitogen-activated protein kinases signaling pathway and is degraded by ubiquitin-independent proteasomes. FRA1 can affect biological functions, such as tumor proliferation, differentiation, invasion and apoptosis. Studies have demonstrated that FRA1 is abnormally expressed in many tumors and plays a relevant role, but the specific condition varies from the target organs. FRA1 is overexpressed in breast cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, thyroid cancer and other tumors. However, the expression of FRA1 is decreased in cervical cancer, and the expression of FRA1 in ovarian cancer and oral squamous cell carcinoma is still controversial. In this review, we present a detailed description of the regulatory factors and functions of FRA1, also, the expression of FRA1 in various tumors and its function in relative tumor.
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Annis MG, Ouellet V, Rennhack JP, L'Esperance S, Rancourt C, Mes-Masson AM, Andrechek ER, Siegel PM. Integrin-uPAR signaling leads to FRA-1 phosphorylation and enhanced breast cancer invasion. Breast Cancer Res 2018; 20:9. [PMID: 29382358 PMCID: PMC5791353 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-018-0936-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Fos-related antigen 1 (FRA-1) transcription factor promotes tumor cell growth, invasion and metastasis. Phosphorylation of FRA-1 increases protein stability and function. We identify a novel signaling axis that leads to increased phosphorylation of FRA-1, increased extracellular matrix (ECM)-induced breast cancer cell invasion and is prognostic of poor outcome in patients with breast cancer. Methods While characterizing five breast cancer cell lines derived from primary human breast tumors, we identified BRC-31 as a novel basal-like cell model that expresses elevated FRA-1 levels. We interrogated the functional contribution of FRA-1 and an upstream signaling axis in breast cancer cell invasion. We extended this analysis to determine the prognostic significance of this signaling axis in samples derived from patients with breast cancer. Results BRC-31 cells display elevated focal adhesion kinase (FAK), SRC and extracellular signal-regulated (ERK2) phosphorylation relative to luminal breast cancer models. Inhibition of this signaling axis, with pharmacological inhibitors, reduces the phosphorylation and stabilization of FRA-1. Elevated integrin αVβ3 and uPAR expression in these cells suggested that integrin receptors might activate this FAK-SRC-ERK2 signaling. Transient knockdown of urokinase/plasminogen activator urokinase receptor (uPAR) in basal-like breast cancer cells grown on vitronectin reduces FRA-1 phosphorylation and stabilization; and uPAR and FRA-1 are required for vitronectin-induced cell invasion. In clinical samples, a molecular component signature consisting of vitronectin-uPAR-uPA-FRA-1 predicts poor overall survival in patients with breast cancer and correlates with an FRA-1 transcriptional signature. Conclusions We have identified a novel signaling axis that leads to phosphorylation and enhanced activity of FRA-1, a transcription factor that is emerging as an important modulator of breast cancer progression and metastasis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13058-018-0936-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G Annis
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Departments of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Veronique Ouellet
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jonathan P Rennhack
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Sylvain L'Esperance
- Département de Microbiologie et Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Claudine Rancourt
- Département de Microbiologie et Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie Mes-Masson
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Eran R Andrechek
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Peter M Siegel
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada. .,Departments of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada. .,Departments of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada. .,Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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5
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Liu W, Tian T, Liu L, Du J, Gu Y, Qin N, Yan C, Wang Z, Dai J, Fan Z. A functional SNP rs1892901 in FOSL1 is associated with gastric cancer in Chinese population. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41737. [PMID: 28169308 PMCID: PMC5294397 DOI: 10.1038/srep41737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
FOSL1 (FOS like antigen 1) is one kind of proto-oncogene, and may play a vital role in carcinogenesis of multiple cancers. However, studies about the relationship between SNPs in FOSL1 and gastric cancer are still lacking. Thus, we investigated the association of seven SNPs in FOSL1 with gastric cancer using case-control design in a two-stage strategy (Screening stage: 1,140 gastric cancer cases and 1,547 controls; Replication stage: 1,006 cases and 2,273 controls). We found that rs1892901 was significantly associated with increased risk of gastric cancer in additive model (adjusted OR = 1.25, 95%CI: 1.06–1.47, P = 0.008) in first stage. Following replication results revealed that the relationship between rs1892901 and gastric cancer risk was consistent with our primary results. In silico analysis showed that rs1892901 might alter multiple regulatory motifs, disturb protein binding, and affect the expression of FOSL1 and other important gastric cancer-related genes such as EGR1, CHD, EP300, FOS, JUN and FOSL2. Our findings indicated that functional SNP rs1892901 in FOSL1 might affect the expression of FOSL1, and ultimately increase the risk of gastric cancer. Further functional studies and large-scale population studies are warranted to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Liu
- Digestive Endoscopy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Li Liu
- Digestive Endoscopy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jiangbo Du
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yayun Gu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Na Qin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Caiwang Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Zhaoming Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Juncheng Dai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Zhining Fan
- Digestive Endoscopy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
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Belguise K, Cherradi S, Sarr A, Boissière F, Boulle N, Simony-Lafontaine J, Choesmel-Cadamuro V, Wang X, Chalbos D. PKCθ-induced phosphorylations control the ability of Fra-1 to stimulate gene expression and cancer cell migration. Cancer Lett 2016; 385:97-107. [PMID: 27816489 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The AP-1 transcription factor Fra-1 is aberrantly expressed in a large number of cancers and plays crucial roles in cancer development and progression by stimulating the expression of genes involved in these processes. However, the control of Fra-1 transactivation ability is still unclear and here we hypothesized that PKCθ-induced phosphorylation could be necessary to obtain a fully active Fra-1 protein. Using MCF7 stable cells overexpressing equivalent levels of unphosphorylated Fra-1 or PKCθ-phosphorylated Fra-1, we showed that PKCθ-induced phosphorylation of Fra-1 was crucial for the stimulation of MMP1 and IL6 expression. Consistently, we found a significant positive correlation between PRKCQ (coding for PKCθ) and MMP1 mRNA expression levels in human breast cancer samples. PKCθ-induced phosphorylations, in part at T217 and T227 residues, strongly and specifically increased Fra-1 transcriptional activity through the stimulation of Fra-1 transactivation domain, without affecting JUN factors. More importantly, these phosphorylations were required for Fra-1-induced migration of breast cancer cells and phosphorylated Fra-1 expression was enriched at the invasion front of human breast tumors. Taken together, our findings indicate that PKCθ-induced phosphorylation could be important for the function of Fra-1 in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Belguise
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France; INSERM, U1194, Montpellier, F-34298, France; Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34090, France; Institut de Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France.
| | - Sara Cherradi
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France; INSERM, U1194, Montpellier, F-34298, France; Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34090, France; Institut de Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France
| | - Awa Sarr
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France; INSERM, U1194, Montpellier, F-34298, France; Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34090, France; Institut de Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France
| | - Florence Boissière
- Unité de Recherche Translationnelle, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France
| | - Nathalie Boulle
- Département de Biopathologie, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34295, France
| | - Joëlle Simony-Lafontaine
- Unité de Recherche Translationnelle, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France
| | - Valérie Choesmel-Cadamuro
- LBCMCP, Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- LBCMCP, Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Dany Chalbos
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France; INSERM, U1194, Montpellier, F-34298, France; Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34090, France; Institut de Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France.
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7
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Bancovik J, Moreira DF, Carrasco D, Yao J, Porter D, Moura R, Camargo A, Fontes-Oliveira CC, Malpartida MG, Carambula S, Vannier E, Strauss BE, Wakamatsu A, Alves VA, Logullo AF, Soares FA, Polyak K, Belizário JE. Dermcidin exerts its oncogenic effects in breast cancer via modulation of ERBB signaling. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:70. [PMID: 25879571 PMCID: PMC4353460 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1022-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We previously identified dermicidin (DCD), which encodes a growth and survival factor, as a gene amplified and overexpressed in a subset of breast tumors. Patients with DCD-positive breast cancer have worse prognostic features. We therefore searched for specific molecular signatures in DCD-positive breast carcinomas from patients and representative cell lines. Methods DCD expression was evaluated by qRT-PCR, immunohistochemical and immunoblot assays in normal and neoplastic tissues and cell lines. To investigate the role of DCD in breast tumorigenesis, we analyzed the consequences of its downregulation in human breast cancer cell lines using three specific shRNA lentiviral vectors. Genes up- and down-regulated by DCD were identified using Affymetrix microarray and analyzed by MetaCore Platform. Results We identified DCD splice variant (DCD-SV) that is co-expressed with DCD in primary invasive breast carcinomas and in other tissue types and cell lines. DCD expression in breast tumors from patients with clinical follow up data correlated with high histological grade, HER2 amplification and luminal subtype. We found that loss of DCD expression led to reduced cell proliferation, resistance to apoptosis, and suppressed tumorigenesis in immunodeficient mice. Network analysis of gene expression data revealed perturbed ERBB signaling following DCD shRNA expression including changes in the expression of ERBB receptors and their ligands. Conclusions These findings imply that DCD promotes breast tumorigenesis via modulation of ERBB signaling pathways. As ERBB signaling is also important for neural survival, HER2+ breast tumors may highjack DCD’s neural survival-promoting functions to promote tumorigenesis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1022-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasna Bancovik
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences - University of São Paulo, Av Lineu Prestes 1524, 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Dayson F Moreira
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences - University of São Paulo, Av Lineu Prestes 1524, 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Daniel Carrasco
- Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Disease Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute - Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline Ave. D740C, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Jun Yao
- Department of Neuro-Oncology Research, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas - MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Dale Porter
- Oncology Disease Area and Developmental and Molecular Pathways Group, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 250 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
| | - Ricardo Moura
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research- Hospital Sírio-Libanês, Rua Peixoto Gomide, 316, 7th floor, 01409-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Anamaria Camargo
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research- Hospital Sírio-Libanês, Rua Peixoto Gomide, 316, 7th floor, 01409-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Cibely C Fontes-Oliveira
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences - University of São Paulo, Av Lineu Prestes 1524, 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Miguel G Malpartida
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences - University of São Paulo, Av Lineu Prestes 1524, 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Silvia Carambula
- Division of Geographic Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center, 25 Harvard Street - Tupper 729, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
| | - Edouard Vannier
- Division of Geographic Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center, 25 Harvard Street - Tupper 729, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
| | - Bryan E Strauss
- The Cancer Institute of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 251, 8th floor, 01246-000, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Alda Wakamatsu
- Department of Pathology - School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avenida Dr Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 155 - 10th floor, 05403-000, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Venancio Af Alves
- Department of Pathology - School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avenida Dr Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 155 - 10th floor, 05403-000, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Angela F Logullo
- Department of Pathology - Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Sena Madureira, 1500, 04021-001, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Fernando A Soares
- Department of Pathology - AC Camargo Cancer Center, Rua Professor Antônio Prudente, 211, 01509-010, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Kornelia Polyak
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute - Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline Ave. D740C, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - José E Belizário
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences - University of São Paulo, Av Lineu Prestes 1524, 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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8
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Oliveira-Ferrer L, Kürschner M, Labitzky V, Wicklein D, Müller V, Lüers G, Schumacher U, Milde-Langosch K, Schröder C. Prognostic impact of transcription factor Fra-1 in ER-positive breast cancer: contribution to a metastatic phenotype through modulation of tumor cell adhesive properties. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2015; 141:1715-26. [PMID: 25666264 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-015-1925-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The transcription factor Fos-related antigen-1 (Fra-1) has been described to affect the morphology, motility and invasive potential of breast cancer cells. Since tumor cell adhesion plays an essential role in the metastatic process, especially for extravasation from blood vessels, we investigated the influence of Fra-1 on breast cancer cell interactions with the endothelium. METHODS Using Fra-1-overexpressing MCF7 [weakly invasive, estrogen receptor (ER)-positive] and MDA MB231 (strongly invasive, ER-negative) cells, we performed dynamic cell flow adhesion assays on surfaces coated with E-selectin or with human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells. RESULTS We found a significant increased adhesion of Fra-1-overexpressing MCF7 cells to E-selectin but also to activate endothelial cells, whereas the MDA MB231 cell line showed moderate enhanced cell rolling and tethering on both coated surfaces. These different adhesion behaviors corresponded to an up-regulation of various adhesion-related proteins such as CD44 and integrin α5 in Fra-1-overexpressing MCF7 cells measured by microarray analysis and flow cytometry in comparison with no deregulation of key adhesion molecules observed in Fra-1-overexpressing MDA MB231 cells. In line with these results and based on cDNA microarray data of breast cancer patients (n = 197), high Fra-1 expression significantly correlates with shorter overall survival and higher rate of lung metastasis in ER-positive breast cancer patients (n = 130), but has no impact on the prognosis of patients with ER-negative tumors. CONCLUSION Thus, in addition to its pro-invasive and pro-migratory effect, Fra-1 might influence the metastatic potential of breast cancer cells by changing the expression of adhesion molecules, resulting in increased adherence to endothelial cells under flow conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Oliveira-Ferrer
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, Bldg. N27, 20246, Hamburg, Germany,
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9
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Godde NJ, Sheridan JM, Smith LK, Pearson HB, Britt KL, Galea RC, Yates LL, Visvader JE, Humbert PO. Scribble modulates the MAPK/Fra1 pathway to disrupt luminal and ductal integrity and suppress tumour formation in the mammary gland. PLoS Genet 2014; 10:e1004323. [PMID: 24852022 PMCID: PMC4031063 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polarity coordinates cell movement, differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis to build and maintain complex epithelial tissues such as the mammary gland. Loss of polarity and the deregulation of these processes are critical events in malignant progression but precisely how and at which stage polarity loss impacts on mammary development and tumourigenesis is unclear. Scrib is a core polarity regulator and tumour suppressor gene however to date our understanding of Scrib function in the mammary gland has been limited to cell culture and transplantation studies of cell lines. Utilizing a conditional mouse model of Scrib loss we report for the first time that Scrib is essential for mammary duct morphogenesis, mammary progenitor cell fate and maintenance, and we demonstrate a critical and specific role for Scribble in the control of the early steps of breast cancer progression. In particular, Scrib-deficiency significantly induced Fra1 expression and basal progenitor clonogenicity, which resulted in fully penetrant ductal hyperplasia characterized by high cell turnover, MAPK hyperactivity, frank polarity loss with mixing of apical and basolateral membrane constituents and expansion of atypical luminal cells. We also show for the first time a role for Scribble in mammalian spindle orientation with the onset of mammary hyperplasia being associated with aberrant luminal cell spindle orientation and a failure to apoptose during the final stage of duct tubulogenesis. Restoring MAPK/Fra1 to baseline levels prevented Scrib-hyperplasia, whereas persistent Scrib deficiency induced alveolar hyperplasia and increased the incidence, onset and grade of mammary tumours. These findings, based on a definitive genetic mouse model provide fundamental insights into mammary duct maturation and homeostasis and reveal that Scrib loss activates a MAPK/Fra1 pathway that alters mammary progenitor activity to drive premalignancy and accelerate tumour progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan J. Godde
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Julie M. Sheridan
- ACRF Stem Cells and Cancer Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lorey K. Smith
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helen B. Pearson
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kara L. Britt
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ryan C. Galea
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Laura L. Yates
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jane E. Visvader
- ACRF Stem Cells and Cancer Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Patrick O. Humbert
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail:
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10
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Kharman-Biz A, Gao H, Ghiasvand R, Zhao C, Zendehdel K, Dahlman-Wright K. Expression of activator protein-1 (AP-1) family members in breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2013; 13:441. [PMID: 24073962 PMCID: PMC3849565 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-13-441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factor is believed to be important in tumorigenesis and altered AP-1 activity was associated with cell transformation. We aimed to assess the potential role of AP-1 family members as novel biomarkers in breast cancer. Methods We studied the expression of AP-1 members at the mRNA level in 72 primary breast tumors and 37 adjacent non-tumor tissues and evaluated its correlation with clinicopathological parameters including estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and HER2/neu status. Expression levels of Ubiquitin C (UBC) were used for normalization. Protein expression of AP-1 members was assessed using Western blot analysis in a subset of tumors. We used student’s t-test, one-way ANOVA, logistic regression and Pearson’s correlation coefficient for statistical analyses. Results We found significant differences in the expression of AP-1 family members between tumor and adjacent non-tumor tissues for all AP-1 family members except Fos B. Fra-1, Fra-2, Jun-B and Jun-D mRNA levels were significantly higher in tumors compared to adjacent non-tumor tissues (p < 0.001), whilst c-Fos and c-Jun mRNA levels were significantly lower in tumors compared with adjacent non-tumor tissues (p < 0.001). In addition, Jun-B overexpression had outstanding discrimination ability to differentiate tumor tissues from adjacent non-tumor tissues as determined by ROC curve analysis. Moreover, Fra-1 was significantly overexpressed in the tumors biochemically classified as ERα negative (p = 0.012) and PR negative (p = 0.037). Interestingly, Fra-1 expression was significantly higher in triple-negative tumors compared with luminal carcinomas (p = 0.01). Conclusions Expression levels of Fra-1 and Jun-B might be possible biomarkers for prognosis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Kharman-Biz
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, S-14183, Huddinge, Sweden.
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11
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Identification of a pharmacologically tractable Fra-1/ADORA2B axis promoting breast cancer metastasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:5139-44. [PMID: 23483055 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1222085110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis confronts clinicians with two major challenges: estimating the patient's risk of metastasis and identifying therapeutic targets. Because they are key signal integrators connecting cellular processes to clinical outcome, we aimed to identify transcriptional nodes regulating cancer cell metastasis. Using rodent xenograft models that we previously developed, we identified the transcription factor Fos-related antigen-1 (Fra-1) as a key coordinator of metastasis. Because Fra-1 often is overexpressed in human metastatic breast cancers and has been shown to control their invasive potential in vitro, we aimed to assess the implication and prognostic significance of the Fra-1-dependent genetic program in breast cancer metastasis and to identify potential Fra-1-dependent therapeutic targets. In several in vivo assays in mice, we demonstrate that stable RNAi depletion of Fra-1 from human breast cancer cells strongly suppresses their ability to metastasize. These results support a clinically important role for Fra-1 and the genetic program it controls. We show that a Fra-1-dependent gene-expression signature accurately predicts recurrence of breast cancer. Furthermore, a synthetic lethal drug screen revealed that antagonists of the adenosine receptor A2B (ADORA2B) are preferentially toxic to breast tumor cells expressing Fra-1. Both RNAi silencing and pharmacologic blockade of ADORA2B inhibited filopodia formation and invasive activity of breast cancer cells and correspondingly reduced tumor outgrowth in the lungs. These data show that Fra-1 activity is causally involved in and is a prognostic indicator of breast cancer metastasis. They suggest that Fra-1 activity predicts responsiveness to inhibition of pharmacologically tractable targets, such as ADORA2B, which may be used for clinical interference of metastatic breast cancer.
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12
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Motrich RD, Castro GM, Caputto BL. Old players with a newly defined function: Fra-1 and c-Fos support growth of human malignant breast tumors by activating membrane biogenesis at the cytoplasm. PLoS One 2013; 8:e53211. [PMID: 23301044 PMCID: PMC3534677 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A shared characteristic of tumor cells is their exacerbated growth. Consequently, tumor cells demand high rates of phospholipid synthesis required for membrane biogenesis to support their growth. c-Fos, in addition to its AP-1 transcription factor activity, is the only protein known up to date that is capable of activating lipid synthesis in normal and brain tumor tissue. For this latter activity, c-Fos associates to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) through its N-terminal domain and activates phospholipid synthesis, an event that requires it Basic Domain (BD) (aa 139–159). Fra-1, another member of the FOS family of proteins, is over-expressed in human breast cancer cells and its BD is highly homologous to that of c-Fos with two conservative substitutions in its basic amino acids. Consequently, herein we examined if Fra-1 and/or c-Fos participate in growth of breast cancer cells by activating phospholipid synthesis as found previously for c-Fos in brain tumors. We found both Fra-1 and c-Fos over-expressed in >95% of human ductal breast carcinoma biopsies examined contrasting with the very low or undetectable levels in normal tissue. Furthermore, both proteins associate to the ER and activate phospholipid synthesis in cultured MCF7 and MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells and in human breast cancer samples. Stripping tumor membranes of Fra-1 and c-Fos prior to assaying their lipid synthesis capacity in vitro results in non-activated lipid synthesis levels that are restored to their initial activated state by addition of Fra-1 and/or c-Fos to the assays. In MDA-MB231 cells primed to proliferate, blocking Fra-1 and c-Fos with neutralizing antibodies blocks lipid-synthesis activation and cells do not proliferate. Taken together, these results disclose the cytoplasmic activity of Fra-1 and c-Fos as potential targets for controlling growth of breast carcinomas by decreasing the rate of membrane biogenesis required for growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben D. Motrich
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba, (Universidad Nacional de Córdoba-The National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gonzalo M. Castro
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba, (Universidad Nacional de Córdoba-The National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Beatriz L. Caputto
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba, (Universidad Nacional de Córdoba-The National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba, Argentina
- * E-mail:
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13
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Kandelman JD, Waitzberg AFL, Szejnfeld J, Smith RL. Expression of claudin, paxillin and FRA-1 in non-nodular breast lesions in association with microcalcifications. SAO PAULO MED J 2013; 131:71-9. [PMID: 23657508 PMCID: PMC10871730 DOI: 10.1590/s1516-31802013000100016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2012] [Revised: 11/07/2011] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE The possible role of adhesion molecules in early breast carcinogenesis has been shown in the literature. We aimed to analyze early adhesion imbalances in non-nodular breast lesions and their association with precursor lesions, in order to ascertain whether these alterations exist and contribute towards early carcinogenesis. DESIGN AND SETTING Retrospective cross-sectional study based on medical records at a private radiological clinic in São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all consecutive women attended between August 2006 and July 2007 who presented mammographic evidence of breast microcalcifications classified as Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System Atlas (BI-RADS) type 4. These women underwent stereotaxic biopsy. Clinical, radiological and pathological data were collected, and immunohistochemical assays searched for claudin, paxillin, FRA-1 and HER-2. RESULTS Over this period, 127 patients were evaluated. Previous BI-RADS diagnoses showed that 69 cases were in category 4A, 47 in 4B and 11 in 4C. Morphological assessment showed benign entities in 86.5%. Most of the benign lesions showed preserved claudin expression, associated with paxillin (P < 0.001). Paxillin and HER-2 expressions were correlated. FRA-1 expression was also strongly associated with HER-2 expression (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Although already present in smaller amounts, imbalance of adhesion molecules is not necessarily prevalent in non-nodular breast lesions. Since FRA-1 expression reached statistically significant correlations with radiological and morphological diagnoses and HER-2 status, it may have a predictive role in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- José David Kandelman
- Departments of Pathology, Radiology and Morphology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo Unifesp, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Intermittent hypoxia and systemic leptin administration induces pSTAT3 and Fos/Fra-1 in the carotid body. Brain Res 2012; 1446:56-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.01.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Revised: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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The PKCθ pathway participates in the aberrant accumulation of Fra-1 protein in invasive ER-negative breast cancer cells. Oncogene 2012; 31:4889-97. [PMID: 22286759 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2011.659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fra-1 is aberrantly expressed in a large number of cancer cells and tissues, and emerging evidence suggests an important role for this Fos family protein in both oncogenesis and the progression or maintenance of many tumour types. Here, we show that the concentration of Fra-1 is high in invasive oestrogen receptor (ER)-negative (ER-) breast cancer cell lines, regardless of their Ras pathway status. All of the ER- cells express high levels of activated PKCθ, and the inhibition of PKCθ activity using RNA interference or the expression of a dominant-negative mutant results in a dramatic reduction in Fra-1 abundance. Conversely, the ectopic expression of constitutively active PKCθ leads to Fra-1 phosphorylation and accumulation in poorly invasive ER+ cells. This accumulation is due to the stabilisation of the Fra-1 protein through PKCθ signalling, whereas other members of the PKC family are ineffective. Both Ste20-related proline-alanine-rich kinase (SPAK) and ERK1/2, whose activities are upregulated by PKCθ, participate in PKCθ-driven Fra-1 stabilisation. Interestingly, their relative contributions appear to be different depending on the cell line studied. ERK1/2 signalling has a major role in ER- MDA-MB-231 cells, whereas Fra-1 accumulation occurs mainly through SPAK signalling in ER- BT549 cells. Fra-1 mutational analysis shows that the phosphorylation of S265, T223 and T230 is critical for PKCθ-driven Fra-1 stabilisation. Phosphorylation of the protein was confirmed using specific antisera against Fra-1 phosphorylated on T223 or S265. In addition, Fra-1 participates in PKCθ-induced cell invasion and is necessary for PKCθ-induced cell migration. In summary, we identified PKCθ signalling as an important regulator of Fra-1 accumulation in ER- breast cancer cells. Moreover, our results suggest that PKCθ could participate in progression of some breast cancers and could be a new therapeutic target.
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