1
|
Phyo YS, Hashimoto K, Kawashima N, Kuramoto M, Okiji T. Evaluation of the cytocompatibility of methacrylate resin-based root canal sealers with osteoblast-like cells. Dent Mater J 2021; 40:942-948. [PMID: 33716278 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2020-335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study compared the cytocompatibilities of three methacrylate resin-based root canal sealers [MetaSEAL Soft (MSS), Hybrid Root SEAL (HRS), and Superbond Sealer (SBS)] in either freshly mixed or set conditions using the Kusa A1 osteoblastic cell line. The three sealers and an epoxy resin-based sealer (AH Plus; AHP) were extracted in culture medium; cell growth and osteogenic properties were analyzed. Cell adhesion on set sealers was analyzed with scanning electron microscopy. The respective extents of cell growth were as follows in freshly mixed and set sealer extracts: SBS>MSS>AHP>HRS and SBS=AHP>MSS>HRS. Light irradiation of MSS and HRS increased the cell growth of set sealer extracts. Set SBS, MSS, and AHP did not alter expression of osteogenic genes or formation of mineralized nodules. Attached cells were observed only on SBS. In conclusion, the four sealers exhibited varying degrees of compatibility to osteoblasts; SBS and HRS were the most and least compatible, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yadanar Su Phyo
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
| | - Kentaro Hashimoto
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
| | - Nobuyuki Kawashima
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
| | - Masashi Kuramoto
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
| | - Takashi Okiji
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Systemic and Local Biocompatibility Assessment of Graphene Composite Dental Materials in Experimental Mandibular Bone Defect. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13112511. [PMID: 32486437 PMCID: PMC7321491 DOI: 10.3390/ma13112511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of this research is to demonstrate the biocompatibility of two experimental graphene dental materials by in vitro and in vivo tests for applications in dentistry. The novel graphene dental materials, including one restorative composite and one dental cement, were subjected to cytotoxicity and implantation tests by using a rat model of a non-critical mandibular defect. In vitro cytotoxicity induced by materials on human dental follicle stem cells (restorative composite) and dysplastic oral keratinocytes (dental cement) was investigated at 37 °C for 24 h. After in vivo implantation, at 7 weeks, bone samples were harvested and subjected to histological investigations. The plasma biochemistry, oxidative stress, and sub-chronic organ toxicity analysis were also performed. The resulting cytotoxicity tests confirm that the materials had no toxic effects against dental cells after 24 h. Following graphene dental materials implantation, the animals did not present any symptoms of acute toxicity or local inflammation. No alterations were detected in relative organ weights and in correlation with hepatic and renal histological findings. The materials' lack of systemic organ toxicity was confirmed. The outcomes of our study provided further evidence on the graphene dental materials' ability for bone regeneration and biocompatibility.
Collapse
|
3
|
Terayama AM, Benetti F, de Araújo Lopes JM, Barbosa JG, Silva IJP, Sivieri-Araújo G, Briso ALF, Cintra LTA. Influence of low-level laser therapy on inflammation, collagen fiber maturation, and tertiary dentin deposition in the pulp of bleached teeth. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 24:3911-3921. [PMID: 32198660 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03258-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We evaluated the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) using an infrared laser (IRL) and a red laser (RL) on the pulp of molar teeth in rats after dental bleaching to assess inflammation, collagen fiber maturation, and tertiary dentin formation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus, albinus) were randomly divided into eight groups with 10 hemimaxillae in each of the following: control; bleached (Ble, 35% hydrogen peroxide [H2O2]); Ble-1IRL and Ble-1RL (one IRL [808 nm, 30 s, 3 J] or RL [660 nm, 15 s, 1.5 J] application immediately after H2O2); Ble-3IRL and Ble-3RL (three [immediately, 24 h, and 48 h] IRL or RL applications after H2O2); and 3IRL and 3RL (three IRL or RL applications without bleaching). The rats were euthanized after 2 and 30 days for histological evaluation of inflammation (hematoxylin-eosin) and maturation of collagen fibers (picrosirius red). Additionally, the dentin deposition in the specimens obtained at 30 days was quantified via microtomography of the pulp chamber volume. Statistical analyses were performed (P < 0.05). RESULTS Initially, severe damages to the pulp were observed in the Ble and Ble-1RL groups. Ble-1IRL and Ble-3RL groups showed lower inflammation. The bleached groups had a greater amount of mature collagen fibers than the control group. The Ble-3IRL group had a greater number of immature fibers than the Ble group. At 30 days, there was an absence of inflammation and equal proportion of mature and immature collagen fibers. All bleached groups showed a reduction in the volume of the pulp chamber. CONCLUSION Three consecutive applications of RL and one IRL application can minimize damage to the pulp of bleached teeth, whereas three IRL applications can minimize pulp fibrosis. However, LLLT did not prevent deposition of tertiary dentin. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study describes LLLT protocols capable of minimizing inflammation and maturation of collagen fibers in pulp tissue after dental bleaching. However, the protocols proved insufficient for reducing the formation of tertiary dentin in bleached teeth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Miyuki Terayama
- Endodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Francine Benetti
- Endodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.,Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Gustavo Sivieri-Araújo
- Endodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Fraga Briso
- Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
Different animal models have been introduced recently to study the process of reparative dentinogenesis in response to injury-induced pulp exposure. Using a mouse model is advantageous over other animal models since mice can be genetically manipulated to examine specific cellular pathways and lineage trace the progeny of a single cell. However, enabling a standardized molar damage in mice is demanding due to the small size of the teeth compared to the available dental instruments. Here we describe a reproducible and reliable in vivo model that allows us to study dentinogenesis in the first maxillary mouse molar.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R C Babb
- Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology (CCRB), Dental Institute, King's College London, London, UK
| | - D Chandrasekaran
- Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology (CCRB), Dental Institute, King's College London, London, UK
| | - L K Zaugg
- Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology (CCRB), Dental Institute, King's College London, London, UK
| | - P T Sharpe
- Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology (CCRB), Dental Institute, King's College London, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rosa WLO, Lima VP, Moraes RR, Piva E, Silva AF. Is a calcium hydroxide liner necessary in the treatment of deep caries lesions? A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Int Endod J 2018; 52:588-603. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.13034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. L. O. Rosa
- Graduate Program in Dentistry Department of Restorative Dentistry Federal University of Pelotas Pelotas RS Brazil
| | - V. P. Lima
- Graduate Program in Dentistry Department of Restorative Dentistry Federal University of Pelotas Pelotas RS Brazil
| | - R. R. Moraes
- Graduate Program in Dentistry Department of Restorative Dentistry Federal University of Pelotas Pelotas RS Brazil
| | - E. Piva
- Graduate Program in Dentistry Department of Restorative Dentistry Federal University of Pelotas Pelotas RS Brazil
| | - A. F. Silva
- Graduate Program in Dentistry Department of Restorative Dentistry Federal University of Pelotas Pelotas RS Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Early responses of human pulp to direct capping with resin adhesive systems and calcium hydroxide. Dent Mater 2018; 34:e73-e82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
7
|
Benetti F, Gomes-Filho JE, Ferreira LL, Sivieri-Araújo G, Ervolino E, Briso ALF, Cintra LTA. Concentration-dependent effect of bleaching agents on the immunolabelling of interleukin-6, interleukin-17 and CD5-positive cells in the dental pulp. Int Endod J 2018; 51:789-799. [PMID: 29352770 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate lymphocyte-like cell activation (CD5-positive cells) and the expression of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-17 in the pulp after tooth bleaching with two concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ). METHODOLOGY The right and left maxillary molars from 40 rats were treated randomly with bleaching gel with 20% H2 O2 (BLUE group, 1 application of 50 min), 35% H2 O2 (MAXX group, three applications of 15 min), or placebo gel (control). After 2 and 30 days, the rats were killed (n = 10), and the jaws were processed for histological and immunohistochemistry analysis of the pulp tissue. The scores of inflammation and immunolabelling (IL-6/IL-17) were submitted to Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis followed Dunn tests, respectively; anova tests were used for comparisons of number of CD5-positive cells and pulp chamber area values (P < 0.05). RESULTS At 2 days, 60% of specimens of the BLUE group were associated with moderate inflammation in pulp horns, and in the MAXX group with necrosis (P < 0.05). At 30 days, the pulp was organized, and tertiary dentine was formed. The MAXX group had superior immunolabelling of IL-17 at 2 days differing significantly from other groups (P < 0.05). At 2 days, 90% of the specimens of the BLUE group had moderate immunolabelling of IL-6, and 50% of the MAXX group had severe immunolabelling, both significantly different from the control (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the groups at 30 days (P > 0.05). CD5-positive cells were present at 2 and 30 days, particularly in the bleached groups (P < 0.05), without significant difference between time periods (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS IL-6 and IL-17 participated in inflammation in the pulp tissue of rats after tooth bleaching, particularly at 2 days. The immunolabelling was greater with increasing H2 O2 concentration. This process was accompanied by the prolonged activation of CD5-positive cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Benetti
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - J E Gomes-Filho
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - L L Ferreira
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - G Sivieri-Araújo
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - E Ervolino
- Department of Basic Science, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - A L F Briso
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - L T A Cintra
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Novel evaluation method of dentin repair by direct pulp capping using high-resolution micro-computed tomography. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 22:2879-2887. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2374-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
9
|
Yu JJ, Zhu LX, Zhang J, Liu S, Lv FY, Cheng X, Liu GJ, Peng B. From the Cover: Activation of NF-κB-Autophagy Axis by 2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate Commits Dental Mesenchymal Cells to Apoptosis. Toxicol Sci 2017; 157:100-111. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfx023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
|
10
|
Cintra LTA, Benetti F, Ferreira LL, Rahal V, Ervolino E, Jacinto RDC, Gomes Filho JE, Briso ALF. Evaluation of an experimental rat model for comparative studies of bleaching agents. J Appl Oral Sci 2016; 24:171-80. [PMID: 27008262 PMCID: PMC4775015 DOI: 10.1590/1678-775720150393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental materials, in general, are tested in different animal models prior to their clinical use in humans, except for bleaching agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Francine Benetti
- Departamento de Endodontia, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP, Brasil
| | - Luciana Louzada Ferreira
- Departamento de Endodontia, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP, Brasil
| | - Vanessa Rahal
- Departamento de Odontologia Restauradora, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP, Brasil
| | - Edilson Ervolino
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP, Brasil
| | - Rogério de Castilho Jacinto
- Departamento de Endodontia, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP, Brasil
| | - João Eduardo Gomes Filho
- Departamento de Endodontia, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP, Brasil
| | - André Luiz Fraga Briso
- Departamento de Odontologia Restauradora, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Parthasarathy A, Kamat SB, Kamat M, Kidiyoor KH. Histological response of human pulps capped with calcium hydroxide and a self-etch adhesive containing an antibacterial component. J Conserv Dent 2016; 19:274-9. [PMID: 27217644 PMCID: PMC4872585 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.181947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To compare human pulp tissue response following direct pulp capping with calcium hydroxide and a self-etch adhesive containing antibacterial component. Materials and Methods: Sixty-six erupted sound premolars scheduled to be extracted for orthodontic reasons were selected from 17 human subjects. Pulp exposures were made. Direct pulp capping was then performed using calcium hydroxide and a self-etch adhesive containing antibacterial component in its primer. The teeth were then restored with composite resin. Two teeth were maintained intact as a control group. After 7 and 30 days, teeth were extracted and processed for light microscopic examination using a histological scoring system. The teeth were divided into four groups (N = 16) according to the pulp capping materials used and their days of extraction. The results were then statistically analyzed by Mann-Whitney U-test. Results: After the 7-day observation period, the inflammatory reaction to the self-etch adhesive containing antibacterial component group was significantly less severe than that in the calcium hydroxide group (P < 0.05). After the 30-day observation period, the inflammatory reaction was slight in both groups, but specimens with dentin bridge formation in the self-etch adhesive group were significantly less common than those in the calcium hydroxide group (P < 0.05).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ambalavanan Parthasarathy
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, MES Dental College and Hospital, Perinthalmanna, Kerala, India
| | - Sharad B Kamat
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Dental College and Hospital, Sangli, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mamta Kamat
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Dental College and Hospital, Sangli, Maharashtra, India
| | - Krishnamurthy Haridas Kidiyoor
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, P.M. Nadagouda Memorial Dental College, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lima AF, Marques MR, Soares DG, Hebling J, Marchi GM, de Souza Costa CA. Antioxidant therapy enhances pulpal healing in bleached teeth. Restor Dent Endod 2016; 41:44-54. [PMID: 26877990 PMCID: PMC4751206 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2016.41.1.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate the histopathological effects of an antioxidant therapy on the pulp tissue of rat teeth exposed to a bleaching gel with 35% hydrogen peroxide. Materials and Methods Forty rats were subjected to oral ingestion by gavage of distilled water (DW) or ascorbic acid (AA) 90 min before the bleaching therapy. For the bleaching treatment, the agent was applied twice for 5 min each to buccal surfaces of the first right mandibular molars. Then, the animals were sacrificed at 6 hr, 24 hr, 3 day, or 7 day post-bleaching, and the teeth were processed for microscopic evaluation of the pulp tissue. Results At 6 hr, the pulp tissue showed moderate inflammatory reactions in all teeth of both groups. In the DW and AA groups, 100% and 80% of teeth exhibited pulp tissue with significant necrosis and intense tissue disorganization, respectively. At 24 hr, the AA-treated group demonstrated a greater regenerative capability than the DW group, with less intense inflammatory reaction and new odontoblast layer formation in 60% of the teeth. For up to the 7 day period, the areas of pulpal necrosis were replaced by viable connective tissue, and the dentin was underlined by differentiated odontoblast-like cells in most teeth of both groups. Conclusions A slight reduction in initial pulpal damage during post-bleaching was promoted by AA therapy. However, the pulp tissue of AA-treated animals featured faster regenerative potential over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Fonseca Lima
- Dental Research Division, School of Dentistry, Paulista University, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Rocha Marques
- Department of Morphology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Diana Gabriela Soares
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, Araraquara School of Dentistry, University Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Josimeri Hebling
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Giselle Maria Marchi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto de Souza Costa
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, Araraquara School of Dentistry, University Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
SOARES DG, ROSSETO HL, BASSO FG, SCHEFFEL DS, HEBLING J, COSTA CADS. Chitosan-collagen biomembrane embedded with calcium-aluminate enhances dentinogenic potential of pulp cells. Braz Oral Res 2016; 30:e54. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2016.vol30.0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
14
|
Elias ST, Santos AFD, Garcia FCP, Pereira PNR, Hilgert LA, Fonseca-Bazzo YM, Guerra ENS, Ribeiro APD. Cytotoxicity of universal, self-etching and etch-and-rinse adhesive systems according to the polymerization time. Braz Dent J 2015; 26:160-8. [PMID: 25831108 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201300294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This in vitro study evaluated in fibroblast cultures the direct cytotoxicity of universal, self-etching and etch-and-rinse adhesive systems according to the polymerization time. Paper discs were impregnated with adhesives and light-cured (10, 20 or 40 s). The discs were then immersed in culture medium to obtain the eluates for the experimental groups (A1-Single Bond 2; A2-Scotchbond Multi-purpose; A3-Clearfil SE Bond; A4 Scotchbond Universal). As a negative control, paper discs were immersed in culture medium only. After 24 h or 7 days, the eluate obtained was applied on fibroblast culture. Cell viability, cell morphology, membrane damage and the presence of residual monomers were evaluated by MTT assay, SEM, flow cytometry and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (=0.05). All adhesive systems significantly reduced 33-51% cell metabolism when compared to the negative control, regardless of polymerization time, storage period and adhesive system. Moreover, the adhesives caused intense morphological alterations and cell membrane damage. Toxicity was directly related to the presence of residual monomers in the eluates. Residual monomers and additional components are capable of reducing mitochondrial activity, causing morphological alterations and disruption of the cell membrane in fibroblasts, regardless of the polymerization time. This study highlights that despite the more complex composition of the universal adhesive system, its biological response was not more toxic when compared with other systems, even when the shortest polymerization time was tested in cell culture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia T Elias
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, UNB - University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Andressa F Dos Santos
- Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, UNB - University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Fernanda C P Garcia
- Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, UNB - University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Patrícia N R Pereira
- Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, UNB - University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Leandro A Hilgert
- Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, UNB - University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Yris M Fonseca-Bazzo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, UNB - University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Eliete N S Guerra
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, UNB - University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Dias Ribeiro
- Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, UNB - University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Borkar SA, Ataide I. Biodentine pulpotomy several days after pulp exposure: Four case reports. J Conserv Dent 2015; 18:73-8. [PMID: 25657533 PMCID: PMC4313486 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.148901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Revised: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventionally, few-days-old pulp exposures have been treated with root canal treatment. We report four cases of traumatized, fully matured, maxillary permanent central incisors, which have been treated by Biodentine pulpotomy several days after traumatic pulp exposure. Biodentine pulpotomy consisted of pulp tissue removal to a depth of 2 mm, then capping the pulpal wound with Biodentine, followed by immediate restoration. The teeth were assessed clinically through pulpal sensitivity tests and radiographically for periapical healing. At each recall (24 hours, 1 week, 30 days, 3, 6, 12, and 18 months), no spontaneous pain was observed; the pulp showed signs of vitality and absence of periapical radiolucency after 18 months. Biodentine pulpotomy is recommended as a treatment option for cases of vital pulp exposure in permanent incisors due to trauma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Swati A Borkar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Goa Dental College and Hospital, Bambolim, Goa, India
| | - Ida Ataide
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Goa Dental College and Hospital, Bambolim, Goa, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Cintra LTA, Benetti F, da Silva Facundo AC, Ferreira LL, Gomes-Filho JE, Ervolino E, Rahal V, Briso ALF. The number of bleaching sessions influences pulp tissue damage in rat teeth. J Endod 2013; 39:1576-80. [PMID: 24238450 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2013] [Revised: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hydrogen peroxide tooth bleaching is claimed to cause alterations in dental tissue structures. This study investigated the influence of the number of bleaching sessions on pulp tissue in rats. METHODS Male Wistar rats were studied in 5 groups (groups 1S-5S) of 10 each, which differed by the number (1-5) of bleaching sessions. In each session, the animals were anesthetized, and 35% hydrogen peroxide gel was applied to 3 upper right molars. Two days after the experimental period, the animals were killed, and their jaws were processed for light microscope evaluation. Pulp tissue reactions were scored as follows: 1, no or few inflammatory cells and no reaction; 2, <25 cells and a mild reaction; 3, between 25 and 125 cells and a moderate reaction; and 4, 125 or more cells and a severe reaction. Results from each experimental group were compared between groups and within groups to the corresponding unbleached upper left molars and analyzed for significant differences using the Kruskal-Wallis test (P < .05). RESULTS All tissue sections showed significant bleaching-induced changes in the dental pulp. After 1 bleaching session, necrotic tissue in the pulp horns and underlying inflammatory changes were observed. The extent and intensity of these changes increased with the number of bleaching sessions. After 5 sessions, the changes included necrotic areas in the pulp tissue involving the second third of the radicular pulp and intense inflammation in the apical third. CONCLUSIONS The number of bleaching sessions directly influenced the extent of pulp damage.
Collapse
|
17
|
Basso F, Turrioni A, Hebling J, de Souza Costa C. Effects of zoledronic acid on odontoblast-like cells. Arch Oral Biol 2013; 58:467-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2012.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Revised: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
18
|
Silva GAB, Gava E, Lanza LD, Estrela C, Alves JB. Subclinical Failures of Direct Pulp Capping of Human Teeth by Using a Dentin Bonding System. J Endod 2013; 39:182-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2012.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Revised: 09/10/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
19
|
BOAVENTURA JMC, BERTOLINI MJ, PADOVANI GC, OLIVEIRA MRBD, ZAGHETE MA, OLIVEIRA JÚNIOR OBD, ANDRADE MFD. Tissue response to experimental dental cements prepared from a modified power glass composition. Dent Mater J 2012; 31:583-92. [DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2011-235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
20
|
Aranha AMF, Giro EMA, Hebling J, Lessa FCR, Costa CADS. Effects of light-curing time on the cytotoxicity of a restorative composite resin on odontoblast-like cells. J Appl Oral Sci 2011; 18:461-6. [PMID: 21085801 PMCID: PMC4246376 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572010000500006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2009] [Accepted: 10/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This in vitro study evaluated the cytotoxicity of an experimental
restorative composite resin subjected to different light-curing regimens.
Collapse
|
21
|
Silva-Herzog D, Ramírez T, Mora J, Pozos AJ, Silva LAB, Silva RAB, Nelson-Filho P. Preliminary study of the inflammatory response to subcutaneous implantation of three root canal sealers. Int Endod J 2011; 44:440-6. [PMID: 21255048 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2011.01849.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the kinetics of the inflammatory tissue response to three root canal sealers using a physicochemical method for quantification of the enhanced vascular permeability and histopathological analysis. METHODOLOGY Twenty-eight male Wistar rats randomly assigned to four groups according to the evaluation periods (1, 3, 7 and 14 days) were used to assess the vascular permeability and histopathological reaction to RoekoSeal, AH Plus and Sealapex (new formulation) sealers, using saline and Chloropercha as negative and positive controls, respectively. Seven rats were sacrificed per period. The biocompatibility of the sealers was evaluated spectrophotometrically and histopathologically. RESULTS At day 14, Sealapex produced significantly more inflammatory exudate than AH Plus and RoekoSeal (P < 0.05); however, there was no significant difference between AH Plus and RoekoSeal (P > 0.05). Sealapex (new formulation) was the most irritating sealer, producing severe inflammation with the presence of multinucleated giant cells. RoekoSeal was the most biocompatible sealer, producing the least amount of inflammatory exudate. CONCLUSIONS RoekoSeal root canal sealer was biocompatible when implanted in connective tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Silva-Herzog
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, San Luis Potosi University, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Jittapiromsak N, Sahawat D, Banlunara W, Sangvanich P, Thunyakitpisal P. Acemannan, an extracted product from Aloe vera, stimulates dental pulp cell proliferation, differentiation, mineralization, and dentin formation. Tissue Eng Part A 2010; 16:1997-2006. [PMID: 20088703 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2009.0593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of acemannan (Aloe vera gel polysaccharide) on dentin formation. Primary human dental pulp cells were treated with acemannan. New DNA synthesis, bone morphogenetic protein-2, alkaline phosphatase activity, dentin sialoprotein expression, and mineralization were determined by [(3)H]-thymidine incorporation, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, biochemical assay, western blotting, and Alizarin Red staining, respectively. Then the upper first molars of 24 male Sprague Dawley rats were intentionally exposed and capped with either acemannan or calcium hydroxide. At day 28, the teeth were histopathologically examined and evaluated for the degree of inflammation, dentin bridge formation, and pulp tissue organization. The results revealed that acemannan significantly increased pulp cell proliferation, bone morphogenetic protein-2, alkaline phosphatase activity, dentin sialoprotein expression, and mineralization, compared with the untreated group. The acemannan-treated group also exhibited a complete homogeneous calcified dentin bridge and good pulp tissue organization, whereas neither was detected in the calcium hydroxide-treated and sham groups. In the acemannan-treated group, either mild or no inflammation was found, whereas the other groups had various degrees of inflammation. The data suggest that acemannan promotes dentin formation by stimulating primary human dental pulp cell proliferation, differentiation, extracellular matrix formation, and mineralization. Acemannan also has pulpal biocompatibility and promotes soft tissue organization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nawaporn Jittapiromsak
- Dental Biomaterials Science Program, Graduate School, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Pulp response to resin-modified glass ionomer and calcium hydroxide cements in deep cavities: A quantitative systematic review. Dent Mater 2010; 26:761-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2010.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2009] [Revised: 12/01/2009] [Accepted: 03/16/2010] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
24
|
Kina JF, Huck C, Riehl H, Martinez TC, Sacono NT, Ribeiro APD, Costa CAS. Response of human pulps after professionally applied vital tooth bleaching. Int Endod J 2010; 43:572-80. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2010.01713.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
25
|
Modena KCDS, Casas-Apayco LC, Atta MT, Costa CADS, Hebling J, Sipert CR, Navarro MFDL, Santos CF. Cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of direct and indirect pulp capping materials. J Appl Oral Sci 2010; 17:544-54. [PMID: 20027424 PMCID: PMC4327511 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572009000600002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2008] [Accepted: 05/27/2009] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There are several studies about the cytotoxic effects of dental materials in contact with the pulp tissue, such as calcium hydroxide (CH), adhesive systems, resin composite and glass ionomer cements. The aim of this review article was to summarize and discuss the cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of materials used for protection of the dentin-pulp complex, some components of resin composites and adhesive systems when placed in direct or indirect contact with the pulp tissue. A large number of dental materials present cytotoxic effects when applied close or directly to the pulp, and the only material that seems to stimulate early pulp repair and dentin hard tissue barrier formation is CH.
Collapse
|
26
|
Can interaction of materials with the dentin-pulp complex contribute to dentin regeneration? Odontology 2010; 98:2-14. [PMID: 20155502 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-009-0116-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2009] [Accepted: 11/19/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Understanding outcomes of the interaction between a dental material and tooth tissue is important in terms not only of biocompatibility but also of the potential for the material to modulate the response of the tissue. This interaction is influenced by many factors, including the chemistry of the material and any of its eluted components or degradation products, and the manner in which the tissue responds to these agents. Past studies of this interaction have primarily been aimed at identifying cytotoxic effects. More recently, investigations have focused on specific cellular responses, and in particular, on understanding how the materials themselves actually may contribute to regenerative processes in the tooth. Recent work has demonstrated the solubilization of proteins from dentin exposed to certain materials, such as calcium hydroxide, mineral trioxide aggregate, and acidic solutions that relate to those used in dentin bonding agents, with the subsequent modulation by these proteins of gene expression in odontoblast-like cells. This work suggests that dentin bridge formation under such materials may be stimulated through this process. Thus, there is much merit in examining both how new dental materials can be developed and how more traditional ones can be modified to preferentially stimulate regenerative processes when preferred. This review summarizes current knowledge about the potential beneficial effects derived from the interaction of dental materials with the dentin-pulp complex, as well as potential future developments in this exciting field.
Collapse
|
27
|
Garcia LDFR, Pires-de-Souza FDCP, Teófilo JM, Cestari A, Calefi PS, Ciuffi KJ, Nassar EJ. Synthesis and biocompatibility of an experimental glass ionomer cement prepared by a non-hydrolytic sol-gel method. Braz Dent J 2010; 21:499-507. [DOI: 10.1590/s0103-64402010000600004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of this study were to demonstrate the synthesis of an experimental glass ionomer cement (GIC) by the non-hydrolytic sol-gel method and to evaluate its biocompatibility in comparison to a conventional glass ionomer cement (Vidrion R). Four polyethylene tubes containing the tested cements were implanted in the dorsal region of 15 rats, as follows: GI - experimental GIC and GII - conventional GIC. The external tube walls was considered the control group (CG). The rats were sacrificed 7, 21 and 42 days after implant placement for histopathological analysis. A four-point (I-IV) scoring system was used to graduate the inflammatory reaction. Regarding the experimental GIC sintherization, thermogravimetric and x-ray diffraction analysis demonstrated vitreous material formation at 110oC by the sol-gel method. For biocompatibility test, results showed a moderate chronic inflammatory reaction for GI (III), severe for GII (IV) and mild for CG (II) at 7 days. After 21 days, GI presented a mild reaction (II); GII, moderate (III) and CG, mild (II). At 42 days, GI showed a mild/absent inflammatory reaction (II to I), similar to GII (II to I). CG presented absence of chronic inflammatory reaction (I). It was concluded that the experimental GIC presented mild/absent tissue reaction after 42 days, being biocompatible when tested in the connective tissue of rats.
Collapse
|
28
|
Dammaschke T. Rat molar teeth as a study model for direct pulp capping research in dentistry. Lab Anim 2010; 44:1-6. [DOI: 10.1258/la.2009.008120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to evaluate the suitability of rat molar teeth in preclinical evaluation of medical devices for direct pulp capping. The ISO standard 7405 states clearly that only non-rodent mammals are suitable species for animal research in dentistry. Furthermore, without clear justification a considerable number of researchers previously rejected results of animal experiments concerning preclinical evaluation of the biocompatibility of dental materials undertaken in rat molar teeth. However, in the past 50 years about 70 studies have been published using rat molar teeth in order to evaluate direct pulp capping, pulpotomies and tissue reactions after pulp exposure. Numerous studies showed that the healing of rat molar pulp tissue after direct pulp capping is histologically comparable with humans and other animal species pulp tissue. Rat molar teeth, including pulp tissue, can be seen anatomically, histologically, biologically, and physiologically as miniature human molar teeth. Hence, the essential biological reactions of the pulp tissue and the interaction during the different stages of wound healing of rat molar teeth are comparable with that of other mammals. Rat molar teeth are a valid study model in order to provide valuable data concerning pulp tissue reaction after direct pulp capping and related questions in dentistry. Therefore, the use of rats may significantly reduce the number of currently used higher animals in research. Tests in higher developed animals should be limited to experiments which clarify inconsistent results. However, some technical difficulties, like the small size of rat molar teeth must be dealt with before undertaking any research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Till Dammaschke
- Westphalian Wilhelms University, Department of Operative Dentistry, Waldeyerstr. 30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hilton TJ. Keys to clinical success with pulp capping: a review of the literature. Oper Dent 2009; 34:615-25. [PMID: 19830978 DOI: 10.2341/09-132-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Hilton
- Oregon Health & Science University, School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Portland, OR, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Bakland LK. Revisiting traumatic pulpal exposure: materials, management principles, and techniques. Dent Clin North Am 2009; 53:661-vi. [PMID: 19958904 DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2009.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This article presents current concepts of managing teeth with traumatic pulp exposures. The article includes a description of the traumatology of crown fractures, discussion of treatment considerations, a summary of materials for vital pulp therapy, and an outline of techniques for treating pulp exposures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leif K Bakland
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Reactions of connective tissue to self-etching/priming dentin bonding systems: oxidative stress, tumor necrosis factor α expression, and tissue reactions. J Dent Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1991-7902(09)60019-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
32
|
The effects of hydroxyapatite and platelet rich plasma on apexogenesis in monkeys. ACTA VET-BEOGRAD 2009. [DOI: 10.2298/avb0903277p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
33
|
Lu Y, Liu T, Li H, Pi G. Histological evaluation of direct pulp capping with a self-etching adhesive and calcium hydroxide on human pulp tissue. Int Endod J 2008; 41:643-50. [PMID: 18554189 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2008.01396.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate human pulp tissue response following direct pulp capping with a self-etching adhesive: Clearfil SE BOND (SB). METHODOLOGY Forty-five sound teeth from 20 subjects were used. Forty-one teeth had their pulp mechanically exposed at the base of a Class 1 cavity preparation and were divided into two groups: group 1, teeth were capped with SB (n = 21), and group 2, with calcium hydroxide cement (CH) (n = 20). Four teeth were maintained intact as an untreated control group. After 7, 30 and 90 days, respectively, 15 teeth were extracted and processed for light microscopic examination. Pulp healing and bacterial microleakage were assessed by haematoxylin and eosin, Masson trichrome and Brown and Brenn stain techniques. The data were analysed statistically by using the Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS After the 7-day observation period, the inflammatory reaction in the SB group was slight and significantly less severe than that of the CH group (P < 0.05). After the 30- and 90-day observation periods, the inflammatory reaction was slight in both groups, but specimens with dentine bridge formation in the SB group were significantly less common than those in the CH group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Clearfil SB had good biocompatibility with human pulp tissue, but its ability to induce reparative dentine was significantly lower than that of calcium hydroxide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Lu
- Endodontic Department, Beijing Hospital of Stomatology, Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kitasako Y, Ikeda M, Tagami J. Pulpal responses to bacterial contamination following dentin bridging beneath hard-setting calcium hydroxide and self-etching adhesive resin system. Dent Traumatol 2008; 24:201-6. [PMID: 18352925 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2007.00517.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the pulp healing to bacterial contamination beneath a hard-setting calcium hydroxide (DY: Dycal, L.D. Caulk Co.) and a self-etching adhesive resin (2V: Clearfil Liner Bond 2V, Kuraray Medical Inc.) following dentin bridge formation. Class V cavities were prepared on 30 monkey teeth, and the pulps were exposed with a carbide bur through the cavity floor. Each exposed pulp was capped with either DY or 2V. The cavities were restored with a hybrid resin composite. The resin composite was removed at 180 days after capping, and then cavities were left open to the oral environment for 2 weeks to obtain bacteria contamination DY (BDY) and 2V (B2V; n = 10). A non-bacterial-contaminated group capped with DY was used as control. After bacterial challenges, inflammatory cell infiltration, incidence and differentiation of dentin bridges were evaluated histologically. There were significant differences in the presence of inflammatory cell infiltration among all groups (P < 0.05). No moderate or severe inflammatory reaction was found in Group DY. Group BDY showed moderate or severe inflammatory cell infiltration in 50%, and showed four necrotic specimens. Although no statistically significant difference was found in the formation and differentiation of dentin bridges among all groups, tunnel defects in dentin bridges were detected in 70% (DY), 80% (BDY), and 50% (B2V). Group B2V showed a significantly lower presence of inflammatory cell infiltration than Group BDY (P < 0.05). Bonding agent is supposed to seal the exposure site, and the remaining bonding agent on the cavities was effective as the barrier in the dentin bridges after bacterial challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Kitasako
- Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Sciences, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Histological evaluation of platelet rich plasma and hydroxiapatite in apexogenesis: Study on experimental animals. VOJNOSANIT PREGL 2008; 65:128-34. [DOI: 10.2298/vsp0802128d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aim. There are very few data about the effects of endogenous growth factors in vital pulp therapy, and still they are often controversial. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of platelet rich plasma (PRP) in conjugation with hydroxyapatite (HAP), as pulp capping materials, to root and periodontium formation. Methods. Eight young monkeys (Cercopithecus Aethiops) with permanent dentition and incomplete root formation were involved in this study. After pulpotomy, the pulp lesion was capped with calcium hydroxide (control), hydroxyapatite (experimental group I) or hydroxyapatite in conjugation with PRP (experimental group II). Six months later, the animals were sacrificed, the tissue was removed en block, and prepared for the histological analysis in a routine way. Results. The results of the histological analysis revealed that healing process was characterised by dentin bridge formation, maintained morphological and functional integrity of dental pulp and complete formation of dental root and surrounding periodontium. The inflammatory reaction was scored as mild to moderate, in almost all the samples in all groups, suggesting the biocompatibility of the used materials. Conclusion. Materials used in this study are convenient as capping agents, contributing maintaining the integrity of the pulp tissue and facilitating root and periodontium formation. According to histological data it could be suggested that hydroxyapatite in conjugation with endogenous growth factors, represents superior alternative to other materials used in this study.
Collapse
|
36
|
Hwang YC, Hwang IN, Oh WM, Park JC, Lee DS, Son HH. Influence of TGF-beta1 on the expression of BSP, DSP, TGF-beta1 receptor I and Smad proteins during reparative dentinogenesis. J Mol Histol 2007; 39:153-60. [PMID: 17929179 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-007-9148-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2007] [Accepted: 09/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Reparative dentin has a wide variety of manifestations ranging from a regular, tubular form to an irregular, atubular form. However, the characteristics of reparative dentin have not been clarified. This study hypothesized that the level of bone sialoprotein (BSP) expression will increase if the newly formed reparative dentin is bone-like but the dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) level will decrease. In order to test this hypothesis, the expression of BSP and DSP was examined by immunohistochemistry and the expression of BSP was measured by in situ hybridization in an animal model. The pulps of 12 maxillary right first molars from twelve male rats were exposed and capped with MTA. In addition, in order to understand the role of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta1) during reparative dentinogenesis, the expression of BSP and DSPP mRNA was analyzed by RT-PCR in a human dental pulp cell culture, and the transforming growth factor-beta 1 receptors (TbetaRI) and Smad 2/3 were examined by immunofluorescence in an animal model. DSP was expressed in the normal odontoblasts and odontoblast-like cells of the reparative dentin. Interestingly, BSP was strongly expressed in the odontoblast-like cells of reparative dentin. The level of the TbetaRI and Smad 2/3 proteins was higher in the reparative dentin than in the normal dentin. TGF-beta1 up-regulated BSP in the human pulp cell cultures. This suggests that reparative dentin has both dentinogenic and osteogenic characteristics that are mediated by TGF-beta1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Chan Hwang
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Falconi M, Teti G, Zago M, Pelotti S, Breschi L, Mazzotti G. Effects of HEMA on type I collagen protein in human gingival fibroblasts. Cell Biol Toxicol 2007; 23:313-22. [PMID: 17486417 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-006-0148-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2006] [Accepted: 11/28/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The cytotoxicity of dental composites has been attributed to the release of residual monomers from polymerized adhesive systems due to degradation processes or the incomplete polymerization of materials. 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) is one of the major components released from dental adhesives. Cytotoxic effects due to high concentrations of HEMA have already been investigated, but the influence of minor toxic concentrations on specific proteins such as type I collagen has not been studied in depth. The objective of this project was to study the effect of minor toxic concentrations of HEMA on human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs), investigating modification in cell morphology, cell viability, and the influence on type I collagen protein. Primary lines of human gingival fibroblasts were exposed to 3 mmol/L HEMA for different periods of time (24 h, 72 h, 96 h). The cell vitality was determined by MTT assay, and high-resolution scanning electron microscopy analysis was performed to evaluate differences in cell morphology before and after treatment. The presence and localization of type I collagen was determined by immunofluorescence in HGFs treated with HEMA for the same period of time. The vitality of the cells decreased after 72 h of exposure. The HGFs grown in monolayer and observed by field emission in-lens scanning electron microscopy demonstrated a preserved surface morphology after 24 h of treatment, while they showed an altered morphology after 96 h of treatment. Immunofluorescence demonstrated a reduction of type I collagen due to HEMA exposure after 96 h. From these results, we conclude that low concentrations of HEMA can significantly alter the morphology of human gingival fibroblasts and interfere with the presence of type I collagen protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Falconi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Anatomiche Umane e Fisiopatologia dell'Apparato Locomotore, Università di Bologna, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Vigolo P, Graiff L, Mutinelli S, Fonzi F. Porcelain inlays cemented with composite resin cement: an in vivo investigation of pulpal reaction one year following cementation. J Prosthodont 2007; 16:123-8. [PMID: 17362422 DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-849x.2007.00177.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This in vivo study was designed to verify the presence of pulpal inflammation on teeth after 1 year of function from cementation of porcelain inlays. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two vital, healthy, caries-free and previously untreated maxillary and mandibular first premolars in eight patients needing extraction for orthodontic reasons were included in this study. For each patient three first premolars were randomly chosen and treated with porcelain MOD inlays. One first premolar served as the control group with no restorations. The porcelain inlays were cemented with dental adhesive and composite resin cement without pulpal protection. The same dentist, following standardized preparation, impression, and cementation techniques, accomplished all clinical phases. The teeth were extracted 1 year later. The condition of the pulp tissues of the 24 teeth with porcelain inlays was compared with the pulpal tissues of the eight teeth of the control group. The data relating to the number of inflammatory cells were evaluated by one-way analysis of variance to assess quantitative differences between the group of teeth with porcelain inlays and the group without porcelain inlays (p < 0.05). Means and standard deviations were calculated for each group. RESULTS The microscopic analysis revealed the absence of pulpal inflammation of the teeth with porcelain inlays when compared with the teeth of the control group. The analysis of variance revealed no statistical differences between the two groups compared. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this study, the cementation of porcelain inlays with dental adhesive and composite cement on healthy premolars did not result in any inflammatory reaction of the pulpal tissues 1 year after placement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Vigolo
- Department of Clinical Odontostomatology, University of Padova, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Padova, Italy.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Al-Hiyasat AS, Barrieshi-Nusair KM, Al-Omari MA. The radiographic outcomes of direct pulp-capping procedures performed by dental students: a retrospective study. J Am Dent Assoc 2007; 137:1699-705. [PMID: 17138715 DOI: 10.14219/jada.archive.2006.0116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The decision between pulp capping and root canal therapy after pulp exposure is a clinical issue. The aim of the authors' study was to evaluate the outcome of direct pulp-capping procedures performed by dental students. METHODS The authors followed the treatment outcomes of 193 patients with 204 pulp exposures with direct pulp capping. They determined the outcome of pulp capping radiographically using periapical radiographs taken at least three years after pulp exposure. The outcome was considered as successful if the tooth was present and not associated with periapical radiolucency or root canal treatment; otherwise, the outcome was considered as being a failure. RESULTS Overall, the success rate of pulp capping was 59.3 percent. The success was associated more with mechanical exposure than with carious exposure (92.2 versus 33.3 percent) (P < .001), more with permanent restoration than with temporary restoration (80.8 versus 47.3 percent) (P < .001) and more with class I occlusal restoration (83.8 percent) than with proximal multiple surface restorations (Class II, 56.1 percent; Class III, 58.8 percent; mesial-occlusal-distal, 28.6 percent) (P = .009). Patients' age, sex, and tooth location and position had no significant effect on the outcome (P > .05). CONCLUSION The success rate of direct pulp capping was 92.2 percent with mechanical exposure and 33.3 percent with carious exposure. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Direct pulp capping is recommended after mechanical exposure with immediate placement of permanent restoration, while root canal therapy would be the choice of treatment if the exposure was due to caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad S Al-Hiyasat
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Lu Y, Liu T, Li X, Li H, Pi G. Histologic evaluation of direct pulp capping with a self-etching adhesive and calcium hydroxide in beagles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 102:e78-84. [PMID: 16997099 DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2006.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2005] [Revised: 02/09/2006] [Accepted: 02/18/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the pulpal response of beagles following direct pulp capping with Clearfil SE Bond (SB), a self-etching adhesive. STUDY DESIGN One hundred thirty sound teeth from 6 male beagles were used. One hundred twenty teeth had their pulp mechanically exposed at the bottom of the class V cavities and were divided into 2 groups. In group 1, teeth were capped with SB; group 2 teeth were capped with calcium hydroxide cement (CH). Ten teeth were kept intact as an untreated control group. After 7, 30, and 90 days, 40 teeth from 2 beagles were extracted and processed for light microscopic examination. RESULTS After the 7-day observation period, inflammatory reaction in the SB group was similar to that of the CH group (P > .05). After the 30-day and 90-day observation periods, inflammatory reaction was slight in both groups, but less dentin bridge formation was observed in specimens from the SB group than in those from the CH group (P < .05). CONCLUSION SB showed good biocompatibility with pulp, but its ability to induce reparative dentin was lower than that of CH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lu
- Endodontic Department, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Teixeira HM, Do Nascimento ABL, Hebling J, De Souza Costa CA. In vivo evaluation of the biocompatibility of three current bonding agents. J Oral Rehabil 2006; 33:542-50. [PMID: 16774514 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2005.01591.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of three current bonding agents and calcium hydroxide cement. Sixty polyethylene tubes filled with the following materials: Group 1: Prime & Bond NT (PB-Dentsply, US; Group 2: Bond 1 (BO-Jeneric/Pentron, US); Group 3: Optibond Solo (OP-Kerr, US); and Group 4 (control): calcium hydroxide cement - Dycal (CH-Dentsply, US) were implanted into the connective tissue of 30 rats. After 15, 30 and 60 days, the implants were excised and the animals sacrificed. The biopsies were immersed in Karnovsky (pH, 7.2) fixative solution for 48 hours, and processed using routine histological technique. Six-micron-thick sections were cut and stained with hematoxilin and eosin and Masson's trichome technique. Microscopic evaluation was used to compare the connective tissue reactions caused by the experimental and control materials adjacent to the tube opening. At 15 days, the experimental and control materials triggered a moderate to intense inflammatory response which gave rise to a thick capsule adjacent to the tube opening. With time, the inflammatory reaction decreased. At 60 days, the connective tissue adjacent to the bonding agents exhibited a persistent inflammatory response mediated by macrophages and giant cells which were engulfing displaced resin components. On the other hand, for the control group (calcium hydroxide) no inflammatory response associated with a thin capsule adjacent to the material was observed even at the 30-day period. The hard-setting calcium hydroxide cement allowed complete healing and was considered more biocompatible than the bonding agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H M Teixeira
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Caruaru School of Dentistry, Caruaru, PE, Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Silva GAB, Lanza LD, Lopes-Júnior N, Moreira A, Alves JB. Direct Pulp Capping with a Dentin Bonding System in Human Teeth: A Clinical and Histological Evaluation. Oper Dent 2006; 31:297-307. [PMID: 16802637 DOI: 10.2341/05-65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
This study evaluated the pulpal response in human dental pulp to direct pulp capping with the Single Bond Adhesive System (SBAS) after 10% or 37% phosphoric acid etching and after capping with Calcium Hydroxide (CH). The degree of bleeding and hemostasis conditions was considered during the adhesive technique. The pulps of 78 sound premolars were capped with SBAS after 37% phosphoric acid etching (Group I) or 10% phosphoric acid etching (Group II) and CH (Group III-control). The cavities were restored with a resin composite (Charisma). After 1, 3, 7 and 30 days, the teeth were extracted and processed for light microscopical examination (H/E, AgNOR silver stain and Brown-Brenn). The patients were followed for postoperative symptomatology evaluation. Clinical results showed the possibility of hemostasis with saline solution only. There was no statistical difference between bleeding generated by 10% and 37% acid solutions. In some cases, contact of the pulp tissue with SASB started the bleeding process, thus damaging the adhesive technique. The histological response was similar in Groups I and II, without signs of cellular differentiation and dentin neoformation up to 30 days. Bacteria were not observed in any specimens. In the control group (CH) at day 7, the pulps exhibited cells with high synthetic activity (Ag-NOR-positive) underneath the area of coagulation necrosis. Dentin bridging was observed at the thirtieth day. The postoperative period was asymptomatic for all groups. In conclusion, SBAS should be avoided for vital pulp therapy, while CH remains the capping agent of choice for mechanically exposed human dental pulp.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerluza A B Silva
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Franz A, Konradsson K, König F, Van Dijken JWV, Schedle A. Cytotoxicity of a calcium aluminate cement in comparison with other dental cements and resin-based materials. Acta Odontol Scand 2006; 64:1-8. [PMID: 16428175 DOI: 10.1080/00016350500279568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the cytotoxic effects of a calcium aluminate cement with several currently used direct restorative materials. Specimens of three composites (QuiXfil, Tetric Ceram, Filtek Supreme), one zinc phosphate cement (Harvard Cement), one glass ionomer cement (Ketac Molar), and one calcium aluminate cement (DoxaDent), were used fresh or after 7-days' preincubation in cell culture medium at 37 degrees C, pH 7.2. PVC strips for ISO 10993-5 cytotoxicity test were used as positive control and glass specimens as negative control. L-929 fibroblasts (5-ml aliquots, containing 3 x 10(4) cells/ml), cultivated in DMEM with 10% FCS, 1% glutamine, and 1% penicillin/streptomycin at 37 degrees C/5% CO2 and trypsinized, were exposed to the specimens for 72 h. The cells were harvested, centrifuged, and resuspended in 500 microl DMEM and then counted in 500 microl DMEM for 30 s with a flow cytometer at 488 nm. The analysis of variance comparing the six materials showed different influences on L-929 fibroblast cytotoxicity (p <0.0001). The cytotoxicity of all specimens diminished with increasing preincubation time (p <0.0001). Fresh DoxaDent exhibited the lowest cytotoxicity, followed by QuiXfil. Ketac Molar showed the highest cytotoxicity. After 7 days of preincubation, Harvard Cement and Filtek Supreme demonstrated more cytotoxicity than the other materials (p <0.005).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Franz
- University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
|
45
|
Whitworth JM, Myers PM, Smith J, Walls AWG, McCabe JF. Endodontic complications after plastic restorations in general practice. Int Endod J 2005; 38:409-16. [PMID: 15910477 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2005.00962.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To test the hypothesis that dentine and pulp protection by conditioning-and-sealing is no less effective than using a conventional calcium hydroxide lining. METHODOLOGY A cohort of healthy adults requiring a new or replacement restoration in a posterior tooth was recruited in six general practices. All procedures received local Ethics Committee approval. Exclusion criteria included signs and symptoms of pulp necrosis or inflammation, and patients unable to commit to a long-term trial. Cavity preparations were randomized to receive a calcium hydroxide lining or conditioning-and-sealing with a smear-removing bonding system. Choice of bulk restorative material (composite resin or amalgam) was at the discretion of the dentist. The key outcome measure was evidence of pulpal breakdown identified at unscheduled (emergency) or scheduled recall examinations. Postoperative sensitivity was recorded on 100 mm VAS at 24 h, 4 days and 7 days. Pulp status was assessed at 6, 12, 24 and 36 month recall, and at any emergency recall appointment. The relationship between pre-treatment and treatment variables and pulp breakdown was assessed by logistic regression (P = 0.05). RESULTS A total of 602 teeth were recruited, with comparable numbers of cavities lined (288, 47.8%) or conditioned and sealed (314, 52.2%). The majority (492, 81.7%) were replacement restorations, and amalgam was the most common bulk restorative material (377, 62.6%). A total of 390 (64.8%) restored teeth were reviewed at 6 months, 307 (51%) at 12 months, 363 (60.3%) at 24 months, and 279 (46.3%) at 36 months post-restoration. Sixteen cases of pulp breakdown were identified within 36 months of restoration placement, 11 presenting as emergencies and five detected at routine recall examination. Logistic regression showed that preoperative pain, cavity treatment by lining or conditioning-and-sealing and the use of rubber dam isolation had no association with pulp breakdown. Pulp breakdown was associated with deep or pulpally exposed cavities (P < 0.001, odds ratio 7.8) and with composite rather than amalgam restorations (P = 0.001, odds ratio 2.13). Re-coding to identify teeth with pulp exposures revealed that pulpal exposure was the key determinant of adverse pulp outcomes (P < 0.0001, odds ratio 28.4) and that composite resin restorations were again more likely to be associated with pulp breakdown than amalgam (P = 0.017, odds ratio 3.92). CONCLUSIONS Considered within the context of routine primary dental care: Dentists can be confident that pulps will be equally well protected from post-restorative breakdown up to 36 months by calcium hydroxide lining and conditioning-and-sealing with adhesive resins. Residual dentine thickness appears to be a key determinant of pulp responses after restorative dental treatment. In deep and pulpally exposed cavities in posterior teeth, composites were associated with more pulpal breakdown than amalgams.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Whitworth
- School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|