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Olawore O, Ogunmola M, Desai S. Engineered Nanomaterial Coatings for Food Packaging: Design, Manufacturing, Regulatory, and Sustainability Implications. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:245. [PMID: 38398974 PMCID: PMC10893406 DOI: 10.3390/mi15020245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
The food industry is one of the most regulated businesses in the world and follows strict internal and regulated requirements to ensure product reliability and safety. In particular, the industry must ensure that biological, chemical, and physical hazards are controlled from the production and distribution of raw materials to the consumption of the finished product. In the United States, the FDA regulates the efficacy and safety of food ingredients and packaging. Traditional packaging materials such as paper, aluminum, plastic, and biodegradable compostable materials have gradually evolved. Coatings made with nanotechnology promise to radically improve the performance of food packaging materials, as their excellent properties improve the appearance, taste, texture, and shelf life of food. This review article highlights the role of nanomaterials in designing and manufacturing anti-fouling and antimicrobial coatings for the food packaging industry. The use of nanotechnology coatings as protective films and sensors to indicate food quality levels is discussed. In addition, their assessment of regulatory and environmental sustainability is developed. This review provides a comprehensive perspective on nanotechnology coatings that can ensure high-quality nutrition at all stages of the food chain, including food packaging systems for humanitarian purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwafemi Olawore
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA; (O.O.); (M.O.)
| | - Motunrayo Ogunmola
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA; (O.O.); (M.O.)
| | - Salil Desai
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA; (O.O.); (M.O.)
- Center of Excellence in Product Design and Advanced Manufacturing, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
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Petkova D, Mihaylova D, Desseva I. Microencapsulation in food industry – an overview. BIO WEB OF CONFERENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20224502005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the modern health concept, food quality is becoming more and more important. People are increasingly looking for added value to their diet through the presence of bioactive substances. Usually, the latter are sensitive molecules; they are unstable in processing and consumption. In addition, problems with unpleasant organoleptic characteristics clean labelling and high production costs can occur. To overcome these problems, a solution can be sought in microencapsulation techniques. Although these techniques have been known for a long time, nowadays their meaning and significance are gaining new dimensions. In this regard, this review aims to provide up-to-date information on currently used microencapsulation techniques, limitations, and prospects.
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Braun S, Ilberg V, Langowski HC. Antimicrobial effectiveness of beverage containers made of silver doped PET. J FOOD ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2021.110526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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4
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Employing Nanosilver, Nanocopper, and Nanoclays in Food Packaging Production: A Systematic Review. COATINGS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings11050509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, there has been an increasing demand for “ready-to-cook” and “ready-to-eat” foods, encouraging food producers, food suppliers, and food scientists to package foods with minimal processing and loss of nutrients during food processing. Following the increasing trend in the customer’s demands for minimally processed foodstuffs, this underscores the importance of promising interests toward industrial applications of novel and practical approaches in food. Along with substantial progress in the emergence of “nanoscience”, which has turned into the call of the century, the efficacy of conventional packaging has faded away. Accordingly, there is a wide range of new types of packaging, including electronic packaging machines, flexible packaging, sterile packaging, metal containers, aluminum foil, and flexographic printing. Hence, it has been demonstrated that these novel approaches can economically improve food safety and quality, decrease the microbial load of foodborne pathogens, and reduce food spoilage. This review study provides a comprehensive overview of the most common chemical or natural nanocomposites used in food packaging that can extend food shelf life, safety and quality. Finally, we discuss applying materials in the production of active and intelligent food packaging nanocomposite, synthesis of nanomaterial, and their effects on human health.
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Emamhadi MA, Sarafraz M, Akbari M, Thai VN, Fakhri Y, Linh NTT, Mousavi Khaneghah A. Nanomaterials for food packaging applications: A systematic review. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 146:111825. [PMID: 33096197 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The application of nanotechnology in food packaging is widely considered during the last two decades. In this regard, numerous studies have been conducted regarding applying nanomaterials such as zinc oxide, clay, silver, carbon nanotube, titanium dioxide, and copper, and copper oxide in food packaging which were summarized in the current study. The employing of nano food packaging increases the physicochemical quality of food (color, flavor, moisture content, weight, bioavailability, and texture) and reduces the microbial load by cell-membrane function, Trojan-horse, and reactive oxygen mechanisms while they improve the barrier/mechanical properties of food packaging. Although nano food packaging has many advantages for public health, the associated toxicity due to migration, especially in acidic conditions, is considerable. Further studies regarding the advantages and disadvantages of this technique are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Emamhadi
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansour Sarafraz
- School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Akbari
- Department of Eye, Amiralmomenin Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Science, Rasht, Iran
| | - Van Nam Thai
- Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HUTECH) 475A, Dien Bien Phu, Ward 25, Binh Thanh District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Yadolah Fakhri
- Food Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Nguyen Thi Thuy Linh
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Danang 550000, Vietnam; Faculty of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Danang 550000, Vietnam.
| | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Alfei S, Marengo B, Zuccari G. Nanotechnology application in food packaging: A plethora of opportunities versus pending risks assessment and public concerns. Food Res Int 2020; 137:109664. [PMID: 33233243 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Environmental factors, oxidation and microorganisms contamination, are the major causes for food spoilage, which leads to sensory features alteration, loss of quality, production of harmful chemicals and growth of foodborne pathogens capable to cause severe illness. Synthetic preservatives, traditional conserving methods and food packaging (FP), although effective in counteracting food spoilage, do not allow the real-time monitoring of food quality during storage and transportation and assent a relatively short shelf life. In addition, FP may protect food by the spoilage caused by external contaminations, but is ineffective against foodborne microorganisms. FP preservative functionalities could be improved adding edible natural antioxidants and antimicrobials, but such chemicals are easily degradable. Nowadays, thanks to nanotechnology techniques, it is possible to improve the FP performances, formulating and inserting more stable antioxidant/antimicrobial ingredients, improving mechanical properties and introducing intelligent functions. The state-of-the-art in the field of nanomaterial-based improved FP, the advantages that might derive from their extensive introduction on the market and the main concerns associated to the possible migration and toxicity of nanomaterials, frequently neglected in existing reviews, have been herein discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Alfei
- Department of Pharmacy (DiFAR), University of Genoa, Genova (GE), Viale Cembrano, 4, I-16148, Italy.
| | - Barbara Marengo
- Department of Experimental Medicine - DIMES, University of Genoa, Genova (GE), Via Alberti L.B. 2, I- 16132, Italy
| | - Guendalina Zuccari
- Department of Pharmacy (DiFAR), University of Genoa, Genova (GE), Viale Cembrano, 4, I-16148, Italy
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Vasile C. Polymeric Nanocomposites and Nanocoatings for Food Packaging: A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 11:E1834. [PMID: 30261658 PMCID: PMC6213312 DOI: 10.3390/ma11101834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Special properties of the polymeric nanomaterials (nanoscale size, large surface area to mass ratio and high reactivity individualize them in food packaging materials. They can be processed in precisely engineered materials with multifunctional and bioactive activity. This review offers a general view on polymeric nanocomposites and nanocoatings including classification, preparation methods, properties and short methodology of characterization, applications, selected types of them used in food packaging field and their antimicrobial, antioxidant, biological, biocatalyst and so forth, functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Vasile
- Physical Chemistry of Polymers Department, Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry (PPIMC), Romanian Academy, 41A Gr. Ghica Alley, RO 700487 Iasi, Romania.
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Azlin-Hasim S, Cruz-Romero MC, Morris MA, Cummins E, Kerry JP. Spray coating application for the development of nanocoated antimicrobial low-density polyethylene films to increase the shelf life of chicken breast fillets. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2018; 24:688-698. [DOI: 10.1177/1082013218789224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial coated films were produced by an innovative method that allowed surface modification of commercial low-density polyethylene films so that well-defined antimicrobial surfaces could be prepared. A Pluronic™ surfactant and a polystyrene-polyethylene oxide block copolymer were employed to develop modified materials. The Pluronic™ surfactant provided a more readily functionalised film surface, while block copolymer provided a reactive interface which was important in providing a route to silver nanoparticles that were well adhered to the surface. Antimicrobial films containing silver were manufactured using a spray coater and the amount of silver used for coating purposes varied by the concentration of the silver precursor (silver nitrate) or the number of silver coatings applied. Potential antimicrobial activity of manufactured silver-coated low-density polyethylene films was tested against Pseudomonas fluorescens, Staphylococcus aureus and microflora isolated from raw chicken. The microbiological and physicochemical quality of chicken breast fillets wrapped with silver-coated low-density polyethylene films followed by vacuum skin packaging was also assessed during storage. Antimicrobial activity of developed silver-coated low-density polyethylene films was dependent ( p < 0.05) upon the concentrations of silver precursor and the number of silver coatings used. Better antimicrobial activity against P. fluorescens, S. aureus and chicken microflora was observed when the concentration of silver precursor was 3% and the spray coating deposition of silver was repeated four times. Use of silver-coated low-density polyethylene films extended ( p < 0.05) shelf life of chicken breast fillets and enhanced ( p < 0.05) oxidative stability compared to control films. Results indicated that silver-coated low-density polyethylene films could potentially be used as antimicrobial packaging for food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shafrina Azlin-Hasim
- Food Packaging Group, School of Food & Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Food Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
| | - Malco C Cruz-Romero
- Food Packaging Group, School of Food & Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Enda Cummins
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, Agriculture and Food Science Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joseph P Kerry
- Food Packaging Group, School of Food & Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Jo Y, Garcia CV, Ko S, Lee W, Shin GH, Choi JC, Park SJ, Kim JT. Characterization and antibacterial properties of nanosilver-applied polyethylene and polypropylene composite films for food packaging applications. FOOD BIOSCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Sánchez-Valdes S, Muñoz-Jiménez L, Ramos-deValle LF, Sánchez-Martínez ZV, Flores-Gallardo S, Ramírez-Vargas RR, Ramírez-Vargas E, Castañeda-Flores M, Betancourt-Galindo R, Martínez-Colunga JG, Mondragón-Chaparro M, Sánchez-López S. Antibacterial silver nanoparticle coating on oxo-biodegradable polyethylene film surface using modified polyethylene and corona discharge. Polym Bull (Berl) 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-017-2247-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Morris MA, Padmanabhan SC, Cruz-Romero MC, Cummins E, Kerry JP. Development of active, nanoparticle, antimicrobial technologies for muscle-based packaging applications. Meat Sci 2017; 132:163-178. [PMID: 28499770 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2017.04.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Fresh and processed muscle-based foods are highly perishable food products and packaging plays a crucial role in providing containment so that the full effect of preservation can be achieved through the provision of shelf-life extension. Conventional packaging materials and systems have served the industry well, however, greater demands are being placed upon industrial packaging formats owing to the movement of muscle-based products to increasingly distant markets, as well as increased customer demands for longer product shelf-life and storage capability. Consequently, conventional packaging materials and systems will have to evolve to meet these challenges. This review presents some of the new strategies that have been developed by employing novel nanotechnological concepts which have demonstrated some promise in significantly extending the shelf-life of muscle-based foods by providing commercially-applicable, antimicrobially-active, smart packaging solutions. The primary focus of this paper is applied to subject aspects, such as; material chemistries employed, forming methods utilised, interactions of the packaging functionalities including nanomaterials employed with polymer substrates and how such materials ultimately affect microbes. In order that such materials become industrially feasible, it is important that safe, stable and commercially-viable packaging materials are shown to be producible and effective in order to gain public acceptance, legislative approval and industrial adoption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Morris
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER), School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Sibu C Padmanabhan
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER), School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland; Department of Chemistry, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Malco C Cruz-Romero
- Food Packaging Group, School of Food & Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Enda Cummins
- School of Biosystems & Food Engineering, Agriculture and Food Science, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joseph P Kerry
- Food Packaging Group, School of Food & Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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Zhang M, Meng X, Bhandari B, Fang Z. Recent Developments in Film and Gas Research in Modified Atmosphere Packaging of Fresh Foods. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 56:2174-82. [PMID: 25751256 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2013.819794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Due to the rise of consumer's awareness of fresh foods to health, in the past few years, the consumption of fresh and fresh-cut produces has increased sturdily. Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) possesses a potential to become one of the most appropriate technologies for packaging fresh and fresh-cut produces. The MAP has advantages of extending the shelf-life, preserving or stabilizing the desired properties of fresh produces, and convenience in handing and distribution. The success of MAP-fresh foods depends on many factors including types of fresh foods, storage temperature and humidity, gas composition, and the characteristics of package materials. This paper reviews the recent developments highlighting the most critical factors of film and gas on the quality of MAP fresh foods. Although the innovations and development of food packaging technology will continue to promote the development of novel MAP, concentrated research and endeavors from scientists and engineers are still important to the development of MAP that focuses on consumers' requirements, enhancing product quality, environmental friendly design, and cost-effective application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- a State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi , Jiangsu , China
| | - Xiangyong Meng
- a State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi , Jiangsu , China
| | - Bhesh Bhandari
- a State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi , Jiangsu , China.,b School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland , Brisbane , Australia
| | - Zhongxiang Fang
- c School of Public Health, Curtin University , Bentley , Australia
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Torres-Giner S, Torres A, Ferrándiz M, Fombuena V, Balart R. Antimicrobial activity of metal cation-exchanged zeolites and their evaluation on injection-molded pieces of bio-based high-density polyethylene. J Food Saf 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Torres-Giner
- Technological Institute of Materials (ITM); Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell 1; Alcoy 03801 Spain
| | - Ana Torres
- Textile Industry Research Association (AITEX), Plaza Emilio Sala 1; Alcoy 03801 Spain
| | - Marcela Ferrándiz
- Textile Industry Research Association (AITEX), Plaza Emilio Sala 1; Alcoy 03801 Spain
| | - Vicent Fombuena
- Technological Institute of Materials (ITM); Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell 1; Alcoy 03801 Spain
| | - Rafael Balart
- Technological Institute of Materials (ITM); Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell 1; Alcoy 03801 Spain
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Human exposure assessment of silver and copper migrating from an antimicrobial nanocoated packaging material into an acidic food simulant. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 95:128-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Gallocchio F, Cibin V, Biancotto G, Roccato A, Muzzolon O, Carmen L, Simone B, Manodori L, Fabrizi A, Patuzzi I, Ricci A. Testing nano-silver food packaging to evaluate silver migration and food spoilage bacteria on chicken meat. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2016; 33:1063-71. [PMID: 27147130 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2016.1179794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Migration of nanomaterials from food containers into food is a matter of concern because of the potential risk for exposed consumers. The aims of this study were to evaluate silver migration from a commercially available food packaging containing silver nanoparticles into a real food matrix (chicken meat) under plausible domestic storage conditions and to test the contribution of such packaging to limit food spoilage bacteria proliferation. Chemical analysis revealed the absence of silver in chicken meatballs under the experimental conditions in compliance with current European Union legislation, which establishes a maximum level of 0.010 mg kg(-1) for the migration of non-authorised substances through a functional barrier (Commission Regulation (EU) No. 10/2011). On the other hand, microbiological tests (total microbial count, Pseudomonas spp. and Enterobacteriaceae) showed no relevant difference in the tested bacteria levels between meatballs stored in silver-nanoparticle plastic bags or control bags. This study shows the importance of testing food packaging not only to verify potential silver migration as an indicator of potential nanoparticle migration, but also to evaluate the benefits in terms of food preservation so as to avoid unjustified usage of silver nanoparticles and possible negative impacts on the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Gallocchio
- a Department of Food Safety , Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe) , Legnaro , Italy
| | - Veronica Cibin
- a Department of Food Safety , Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe) , Legnaro , Italy
| | - Giancarlo Biancotto
- a Department of Food Safety , Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe) , Legnaro , Italy
| | - Anna Roccato
- a Department of Food Safety , Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe) , Legnaro , Italy
| | - Orietta Muzzolon
- a Department of Food Safety , Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe) , Legnaro , Italy
| | - Losasso Carmen
- a Department of Food Safety , Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe) , Legnaro , Italy
| | - Belluco Simone
- a Department of Food Safety , Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe) , Legnaro , Italy.,b Department of Animal Medicine Production and Health , Università di Padova , Legnaro , Italy
| | - Laura Manodori
- c European Centre for the Sustainable Impact of Nanotechnology, Veneto Nanotech S.C.pA , Rovigo , Italy
| | - Alberto Fabrizi
- d Department of Management and Engineering , Università di Padova , Vicenza , Italy
| | - Ilaria Patuzzi
- a Department of Food Safety , Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe) , Legnaro , Italy
| | - Antonia Ricci
- a Department of Food Safety , Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe) , Legnaro , Italy
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Sweet MJ, Singleton I. Silver nanoparticles: a microbial perspective. ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2016; 77:115-33. [PMID: 22050824 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-387044-5.00005-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (NPs) are used for a wide range of commercial reasons to restrict microbial growth. The increasing use of silver NPs in modern materials ensures they will find their way into environmental systems. The mode of action which makes them desirable as an antimicrobial tool could also pose a severe threat to the natural microbial balance existing in these systems. Research into the potential environmental threats of silver NPs has mainly focused on particular areas, such as their influence in rivers and estuaries or their effect on organisms such as earthworms and plants. There is a need to focus studies on all aspects of the microbial world and to highlight potential risks and methods of overcoming problems before significant damage is done. This review focuses on the antimicrobial uses, mechanisms of toxicity, and effects on the environment (mainly soil) of silver NPs, illustrating gaps in current knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Sweet
- School of Biology, Newcastle Institute for Research on Sustainability, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
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Beigmohammadi F, Peighambardoust SH, Hesari J, Azadmard-Damirchi S, Peighambardoust SJ, Khosrowshahi NK. Antibacterial properties of LDPE nanocomposite films in packaging of UF cheese. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2015.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Nanofibrillated Cellulose and Copper Nanoparticles Embedded in Polyvinyl Alcohol Films for Antimicrobial Applications. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:456834. [PMID: 26137482 PMCID: PMC4468287 DOI: 10.1155/2015/456834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Our long-term goal is to develop a hybrid cellulose-copper nanoparticle material as a functional nanofiller to be incorporated in thermoplastic resins for efficiently improving their antimicrobial properties. In this study, copper nanoparticles were first synthesized through chemical reduction of cupric ions on TEMPO nanofibrillated cellulose (TNFC) template using borohydride as a copper reducing agent. The resulting hybrid material was embedded into a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix using a solvent casting method. The morphology of TNFC-copper nanoparticles was analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM); spherical copper nanoparticles with average size of 9.2 ± 2.0 nm were determined. Thermogravimetric analysis and antimicrobial performance of the films were evaluated. Slight variations in thermal properties between the nanocomposite films and PVA resin were observed. Antimicrobial analysis demonstrated that one-week exposure of nonpathogenic Escherichia coli DH5α to the nanocomposite films results in up to 5-log microbial reduction.
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Hannon JC, Kerry J, Cruz-Romero M, Morris M, Cummins E. Advances and challenges for the use of engineered nanoparticles in food contact materials. Trends Food Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2015.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Palza H. Antimicrobial polymers with metal nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:2099-116. [PMID: 25607734 PMCID: PMC4307351 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16012099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 319] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Metals, such as copper and silver, can be extremely toxic to bacteria at exceptionally low concentrations. Because of this biocidal activity, metals have been widely used as antimicrobial agents in a multitude of applications related with agriculture, healthcare, and the industry in general. Unlike other antimicrobial agents, metals are stable under conditions currently found in the industry allowing their use as additives. Today these metal based additives are found as: particles, ions absorbed/exchanged in different carriers, salts, hybrid structures, etc. One recent route to further extend the antimicrobial applications of these metals is by their incorporation as nanoparticles into polymer matrices. These polymer/metal nanocomposites can be prepared by several routes such as in situ synthesis of the nanoparticle within a hydrogel or direct addition of the metal nanofiller into a thermoplastic matrix. The objective of the present review is to show examples of polymer/metal composites designed to have antimicrobial activities, with a special focus on copper and silver metal nanoparticles and their mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humberto Palza
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Beauchef 850, Santiago 8320000, Chile.
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25
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Huang XC, Yuan YH, Guo CF, Gekas V, Yue TL. Alicyclobacillusin the Fruit Juice Industry: Spoilage, Detection, and Prevention/Control. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2014.974266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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26
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Tianli Y, Jiangbo Z, Yahong Y. Spoilage byAlicyclobacillusBacteria in Juice and Beverage Products: Chemical, Physical, and Combined Control Methods. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Tianli
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Northwest A&F Univ; Yangling PR China
| | - Zhang Jiangbo
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Northwest A&F Univ; Yangling PR China
| | - Yuan Yahong
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Northwest A&F Univ; Yangling PR China
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27
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Noonan GO, Whelton AJ, Carlander D, Duncan TV. Measurement Methods to Evaluate Engineered Nanomaterial Release from Food Contact Materials. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2014; 13:679-692. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory O. Noonan
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition; United States Food and Drug Administration; 5100 Paint Branch Parkway College Park, MD 20740 U.S.A
| | - Andrew J. Whelton
- Dept. of Civil Engineering; Univ. of South Alabama; 150 Jaguar Drive Shelby Hall Suite 3142, Mobile AL 36688 U.S.A
| | - David Carlander
- Nanotechnology Industries Assoc; 101 Avenue Louise 1050 Brussels Belgium
| | - Timothy V. Duncan
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition; United States Food and Drug Administration; 6502 South Archer Rd Bedford Park IL 60516-1957 U.S.A
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28
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Jokar M, Abdul Rahman R. Study of silver ion migration from melt-blended and layered-deposited silver polyethylene nanocomposite into food simulants and apple juice. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2014; 31:734-42. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2013.878812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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29
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Pankaj S, Bueno-Ferrer C, Misra N, Milosavljević V, O'Donnell C, Bourke P, Keener K, Cullen P. Applications of cold plasma technology in food packaging. Trends Food Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2013.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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30
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Wang J, Li C, Zhuang H, Zhang J. Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue and inactivation of Gram-negative bacteria by TiO2 nanoparticles in aqueous suspension. Food Control 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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31
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Bovine lactoferrin and lactoferricin on plasma-deposited coating against spoilage Pseudomonas spp. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2013.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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32
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Zhou YT, He W, Lo YM, Hu X, Wu X, Yin JJ. Effect of silver nanomaterials on the activity of thiol-containing antioxidants. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:7855-7862. [PMID: 23889173 DOI: 10.1021/jf402146s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The use of nanomaterials in consumer products is rapidly expanding. In most studies, nanomaterials are examined as isolated ingredients. However, consumer products such as foods, cosmetics, and dietary supplements are complex chemical matrixes. Therefore, interactions between nanomaterials and other components of the product must be investigated to ensure the product's performance and safety. Silver nanomaterials are increasingly being used in food packaging as antimicrobial agents. Thiol-containing compounds, such as reduced glutathione (GSH), cysteine, and dihydrolipoic acid, are used as antioxidants in many consumer products. In the current study, we have investigated the interaction between silver nanomaterials and thiol-containing antioxidants. The selected Ag nanomaterials were Ag coated with citrate, Ag coated with poly(vinylpyrrolidone), and Au nanorods coated with Ag in a core/shell structure. We observed direct quenching of the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) by all three Ag nanomaterials to varying degrees. The Ag nanomaterials also reduced the quenching of DPPH by GSH to varying degrees. In addition, we determined that the mixture of GSH and Au@Ag nanorods held at 37 °C was less effective at quenching azo radical than at ambient temperature. Furthermore, we determined that Au@Ag nanorods significantly reduced the ability of GSH and cysteine to quench hydroxyl and superoxide radicals. The work presented here demonstrates the importance of examining the chemical interactions between nanomaterials used in products and physiologically important antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Zhou
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration , College Park, Maryland 20740, United States
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33
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Lloret E, Picouet P, Fernández A. Matrix effects on the antimicrobial capacity of silver based nanocomposite absorbing materials. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2012.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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34
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He W, Zhou YT, Wamer WG, Boudreau MD, Yin JJ. Mechanisms of the pH dependent generation of hydroxyl radicals and oxygen induced by Ag nanoparticles. Biomaterials 2012; 33:7547-55. [PMID: 22809647 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.06.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Many of the chemical and biological effects of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are attributed to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ESR spectroscopy was used to provide direct evidence for generating ROS during decomposition of H(2)O(2) assisted by Ag NPs. Hydroxyl radical formation was observed under acidic conditions and was accompanied by dissolution of Ag NPs. In contrast, evolution of O(2) was observed in alkaline solutions containing H(2)O(2) and Ag NPs; however, no net dissolution of Ag NPs was observed due to re-reduction of Ag(+) as evidenced by a cyclic reaction. Since H(2)O(2) is a biologically relevant product being continuously generated in cells, these results obtained under conditions mimicking different biological microenvironments may provide insights for finding new biomedical applications for Ag NPs and for risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei He
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD 20740, USA
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35
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Poly(butylene adipate) functionalized with quaternary phosphonium groups as potential antimicrobial packaging material. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2012.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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36
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Dehnavi AS, Aroujalian A, Raisi A, Fazel S. Preparation and characterization of polyethylene/silver nanocomposite films with antibacterial activity. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.37594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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37
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Pereira de Abreu DA, Cruz JM, Paseiro Losada P. Active and Intelligent Packaging for the Food Industry. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2011.595022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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38
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Metallic-based micro and nanocomposites in food contact materials and active food packaging. Trends Food Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2011.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 367] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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39
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Cushen M, Kerry J, Morris M, Cruz-Romero M, Cummins E. Nanotechnologies in the food industry – Recent developments, risks and regulation. Trends Food Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2011.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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40
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Valipoor Motlagh N, Hamed Mosavian M, Mortazavi S, Tamizi A. Beneficial Effects of Polyethylene Packages Containing Micrometer-Sized Silver Particles on the Quality and Shelf Life of Dried Barberry (Berberis vulgaris). J Food Sci 2011; 77:E2-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2011.02497.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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41
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Abstract
Using starch as the stabilizing agent, glucose as reducing agent, nano-size silver particles colloidal sols have been synthesized via ultrasonic irritation in aqueous solution. The nanoparticles size distribution in typical colloidal sol is from 15 to 45 nm. The silver nanoparticles-PE blend film with silver content of 86 ppm was prepared by mixing silver nanoparticles colloids sol with the PE master batch and then by film blowing. The silver nanoparticles-PE blend film and the prepared nano-silver sol show effective antibacteial activity to the Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The pear fruit package application of the silver nanoparticles-PE blend film has demonstrated that the film has effective fresh preservation ability for the packaged fruits and vegetables.
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42
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ZHOU LING, LV SINING, HE GUIPING, HE QIANG, SHI BI. EFFECT OF PE/AG2O NANO-PACKAGING ON THE QUALITY OF APPLE SLICES. J FOOD QUALITY 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4557.2011.00385.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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43
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44
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Imran M, Revol-Junelles AM, Martyn A, Tehrany EA, Jacquot M, Linder M, Desobry S. Active food packaging evolution: transformation from micro- to nanotechnology. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2010; 50:799-821. [PMID: 20924864 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2010.503694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Predicting which attributes consumers are willing to pay extra for has become straightforward in recent years. The demands for the prime necessity of food of natural quality, elevated safety, minimally processed, ready-to-eat, and longer shelf-life have turned out to be matters of paramount importance. The increased awareness of environmental conservation and the escalating rate of foodborne illnesses have driven the food industry to implement a more innovative solution, i.e. bioactive packaging. Owing to nanotechnology application in eco-favorable coatings and encapsulation systems, the probabilities of enhancing food quality, safety, stability, and efficiency have been augmented. In this review article, the collective results highlight the food nanotechnology potentials with special focus on its application in active packaging, novel nano- and microencapsulation techniques, regulatory issues, and socio-ethical scepticism between nano-technophiles and nano-technophobes. No one has yet indicated the comparison of data concerning food nano- versus micro-technology; therefore noteworthy results of recent investigations are interpreted in the context of bioactive packaging. The next technological revolution in the domain of food science and nutrition would be the 3-BIOS concept enabling a controlled release of active agents through bioactive, biodegradable, and bionanocomposite combined strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran
- Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Biomolécules, ENSAIA-INPL, Nancy Université, 2 avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54505 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France
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45
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Fernández A, Picouet P, Lloret E. Reduction of the spoilage-related microflora in absorbent pads by silver nanotechnology during modified atmosphere packaging of beef meat. J Food Prot 2010; 73:2263-9. [PMID: 21219746 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-73.12.2263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Silver-based antibacterial hybrid materials have been developed by in situ reduction of silver nitrate (1%) adsorbed on cellulose fibers by thermal and UV treatments. Microscopy revealed that the silver nanoparticles were dispersed and regular in shape. Migrated silver ions achieved 60 ppm in beef meat exudates. The ability of the silver-loaded absorbent pads to lower microbial contamination of exuded fluids was studied during storage of beef meat in modified atmosphere packaging. Cellulose-silver hybrid materials reduced the levels of the major microbial groups (total aerobic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, Pseudomonas spp., and Enterobacteriaceae) present in the absorbent pads by an average of 1 log CFU/g during the entire storage period. The levels of total aerobic bacteria and Pseudomonas spp. were significantly reduced in the presence of silver ions, whereas lactic acid bacteria were less sensitive and not significantly affected. Enterobacteriaceae levels remained under the detection limit when silver was present. Neither the color of the meat nor the microbial loads were markedly affected by the presence of the silver-based antimicrobial hybrid materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avelina Fernández
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Apdo. Correos 73, 46100, Burjassot, Spain.
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46
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Concina I, Bornšek M, Baccelliere S, Falasconi M, Gobbi E, Sberveglieri G. Alicyclobacillus spp.: Detection in soft drinks by Electronic Nose. Food Res Int 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2010.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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47
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Lee KT. Quality and safety aspects of meat products as affected by various physical manipulations of packaging materials. Meat Sci 2010; 86:138-50. [PMID: 20510533 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2010] [Revised: 04/21/2010] [Accepted: 04/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This article explores the effects of physically manipulated packaging materials on the quality and safety of meat products. Recently, innovative measures for improving quality and extending the shelf-life of packaged meat products have been developed, utilizing technologies including barrier film, active packaging, nanotechnology, microperforation, irradiation, plasma and far-infrared ray (FIR) treatments. Despite these developments, each technology has peculiar drawbacks which will need to be addressed by meat scientists in the future. To develop successful meat packaging systems, key product characteristics affecting stability, environmental conditions during storage until consumption, and consumers' packaging expectations must all be taken into consideration. Furthermore, the safety issues related to packaging materials must also be taken into account when processing, packaging and storing meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keun Taik Lee
- Department of Food Processing and Distribution, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon, Republic of Korea.
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48
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Fernández A, Soriano E, Hernández-Muñoz P, Gavara R. Migration of Antimicrobial Silver from Composites of Polylactide with Silver Zeolites. J Food Sci 2010; 75:E186-93. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2010.01549.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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49
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Melt Production and Antimicrobial Efficiency of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE)-Silver Nanocomposite Film. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-010-0329-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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50
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Kowalczyk B, Apodaca MM, Soh S, Grzybowski BA. Rapid deposition of hydrophobic nanoparticle monolayers onto hydrophilic surfaces from liquid-liquid interfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:12855-12859. [PMID: 19852509 DOI: 10.1021/la903050g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Dense, hydrophobic coatings comprising hydrophilic nanoparticles are deposited rapidly from water/toluene emulsions. The process of deposition is driven by a subtle interplay between interfacial phenomena, electrostatic interparticle repulsions, and hydrogen bonding between the NPs and the substrate(s). The packing fractions and the plasmonic properties of the coatings can be controlled by the pH of the aqueous phase. Once formed, the coatings can be further functionalized without a loss of mechanical integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartlomiej Kowalczyk
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
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