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van Dalen M, Karperien M, Claessens MM, Post JN. Choice of Protein, Not Its Amyloid-Fold, Determines the Success of Amyloid-Based Scaffolds for Cartilage Tissue Regeneration. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:24198-24209. [PMID: 37457450 PMCID: PMC10339334 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The formation of fibrocartilage during articular cartilage regeneration remains a clinical problem affecting adequate restoration of articular cartilage in joints. To stimulate chondrocytes to form articular cartilage, we investigated the use of amyloid fibril-based scaffolds. The proteins α-synuclein, β-lactoglobulin, and lysozyme were induced to self-assemble into amyloid fibrils and, during dialysis, formed micrometer scale amyloid networks that resemble the cartilage extracellular matrix. Our results show that lysozyme amyloid micronetworks supported chondrocyte viability and extracellular matrix deposition, while α-synuclein and β-lactoglobulin maintained cell viability. With this study, we not only confirm the possible use of amyloid materials for tissue regeneration but also demonstrate that the choice of protein, rather than its amyloid-fold per se, affects the cellular response and tissue formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurice
C.E. van Dalen
- Developmental
BioEngineering, TechMed Centre, University
of Twente, Enschede, Overijssel 7500 AE, The Netherlands
- Nanobiophysics,
Mesa+, University of Twente, Enschede 7500AE, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Karperien
- Developmental
BioEngineering, TechMed Centre, University
of Twente, Enschede, Overijssel 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | | | - Janine N. Post
- Developmental
BioEngineering, TechMed Centre, University
of Twente, Enschede, Overijssel 7500 AE, The Netherlands
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Abstract
Collagens are the most abundant proteins of vertebrates and they provide mechanical and supportive functions in a wide range of connective tissues. Knowledge of the mechanical properties of single collagen molecules is essential in studying the self-assembly of collagen, the interaction between cells and extracellular matrix, the etiology of tissue degeneration and mechanism of regeneration, and the relationship between the structures and mechanical properties of tissues. Here we stretched single type II collagen molecules in neutral pH solution using optical tweezers. The molecular parameters of collagen were obtained by fitting force-extension curves into worm-like chain elasticity model. The molecule length of type II collagen monomer was 295.8 nm. The persistence length of type II collagen monomer was 11.2 nm. These observations indicate that collagen molecules are flexible rather than rigid rod molecules at neutral pH solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Long Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Biomechanics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic Rochester, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Malone JP, George A, Veis A. Type I collagen N-Telopeptides adopt an ordered structure when docked to their helix receptor during fibrillogenesis*. Proteins 2003; 54:206-15. [PMID: 14696182 DOI: 10.1002/prot.10526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The in vitro rate and specificity of fibrillogenesis in type I collagen depends on the integrity of the amino (N)-telopeptide domain. In vivo an intact N-telopeptide domain is also required for normal fibril assembly. Although Chou-Fasman predictions and NMR studies suggested that a type I beta-turn could be induced in alpha1(I) N-telopeptide chains, computer modeling did not identify ordered structures. Nevertheless, X-ray analysis and electron tomography studies have shown that the N-telopeptide is in one of the most highly ordered fibril domains. This study was undertaken to determine if the docking of the N-telopeptide to its helix receptor domain could induce the telopeptides to take up a specific conformation. With use of molecular modeling suite of programs, a (Gly-Pro-Pro)(n) triple-helical structure was built on the basis of high-resolution X-ray crystallographic coordinates and then replaced with the actual bovine collagen residues 924-938, the triple-helical alpha1(I)-N-telopeptide-receptor sequences. Energy minimization produced a modified triple-helical conformation. The bovine alpha1(I) N-telopeptide sequence was similarly minimized and docked to this receptor. The docking induced an ordered conformation with a stabilizing hydrogen bond in the N-telopeptide and, importantly, a reciprocal reordering of the triple-helical conformation in the binding domain. This docked structure placed Lys residues in both telopeptide and helix in the correct locations for cross-link formation. The modeling has been extended to the three-chain N-telopeptide domain and finally to the construction of the Hulmes-Miller quasi-hexagonal packing structure. Each N-telopeptide domain can form linkages with two adjacent, aligned helix receptor domains. The telopeptides and the order of staggering of the three chains in the helix play crucial roles in the packing and intrafibrillar cross-linking patterns and the relative azimuthal orientations of adjacent molecules in the fibril. The models confirm the high order in the N-telopeptide 4D overlap zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P Malone
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
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Cliche S, Amiot J, Avezard C, Gariépy C. Extraction and characterization of collagen with or without telopeptides from chicken skin. Poult Sci 2003; 82:503-9. [PMID: 12705413 DOI: 10.1093/ps/82.3.503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Poultry by-products are not often processed into high-value products. Rather than being transformed into meal for animal feed, a large quantity of chicken skin could be used to produce collagen, which is valued for its unique functional properties. The purpose of this research project was to extract and characterize collagen from chicken skin. Skins were first ground and then were heated to 40 or 60 degrees C to extract the fat. After mechanical separation, the collagen contained in the resulting solid phase was extracted with pepsin or ethylene diamine. Types I and III collagen were then isolated and characterized by SDS PAGE, antigen labeling, determination of tyrosine residues, and transmission electron microscopy. The total collagen content of the skin was recovered from the solid phase following heat treatment at 40 degrees C. Extraction yields varied with the solubilization process: 38.9% of the collagen content in the solid phase was extracted with pepsin and 25.1% with ethylene diamine. Ratios of type I to type III collagen fractionated using NaCl were 74.4:19.8% with pepsin and 62.4:31.7% with ethylene diamine. Characterization tests further revealed the presence of telopeptides solely on ethylene diamine-solubilized collagen. Chicken skin thus appears to be a good alternative source of high-quality collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cliche
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Food Research and Development Centre, 3600 Casavant Boulevard West, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada J2S 8E3
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Hansma HG, Clegg DO, Kokkoli E, Oroudjev E, Tirrell M. Analysis of matrix dynamics by atomic force microscopy. Methods Cell Biol 2003; 69:163-93. [PMID: 12070991 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-679x(02)69012-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Helen G Hansma
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
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Rainey JK, Wen CK, Goh MC. Hierarchical assembly and the onset of banding in fibrous long spacing collagen revealed by atomic force microscopy. Matrix Biol 2002; 21:647-60. [PMID: 12524051 DOI: 10.1016/s0945-053x(02)00101-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of formation of fibrillar collagen with a banding periodicity much greater than the 67 nm of native collagen, i.e. the so-called fibrous long spacing (FLS) collagen, has been speculated upon, but has not been previously studied experimentally from a detailed structural perspective. In vitro, such fibrils, with banding periodicity of approximately 270 nm, may be produced by dialysis of an acidic solution of type I collagen and alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein against deionized water. FLS collagen assembly was investigated by visualization of assembly intermediates that were formed during the course of dialysis using atomic force microscopy. Below pH 4, thin, curly nonbanded fibrils were formed. When the dialysis solution reached approximately pH 4, thin, filamentous structures that showed protrusions spaced at approximately 270 nm were seen. As the pH increased, these protofibrils appeared to associate loosely into larger fibrils with clear approximately 270 nm banding which increased in diameter and compactness, such that by approximately pH 4.6, mature FLS collagen fibrils begin to be observed with increasing frequency. These results suggest that there are aspects of a stepwise process in the formation of FLS collagen, and that the banding pattern arises quite early and very specifically in this process. It is proposed that typical 4D-period staggered microfibril subunits assemble laterally with minimal stagger between adjacent fibrils. alpha(1)-Acid glycoprotein presumably promotes this otherwise abnormal lateral assembly over native-type self-assembly. Cocoon-like fibrils, which are hundreds of nanometers in diameter and 10-20 microm in length, were found to coexist with mature FLS fibrils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan K Rainey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Ont., Canada M5S 3H6
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Fine structure of collagen: Molecular mechanisms of the interactions of collagen. J CHEM SCI 1999. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02871911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Abstract
Type III collagen is a component of the basement membrane of endothelial cells, and may play a role in the interaction between hemostatic system proteins and the basement membrane of blood vessels. To begin to investigate these structural interactions, we have imaged type III collagen in solution by atomic force microscopy. A 20 microg/ml solution of type III collagen in bicarbonate buffer (pH 9.5) from calf skin was deposited onto a freshly cleaved mica substrate. Atomic force microscopy images were acquired using a fluid cell and tapping mode with oxide-sharpened silicon nitride probes 2, 3, and 4 hours after deposition of the collagen onto the mica. Two-hour preparations displayed fibrillar networks with well-defined sites of nucleation and lateral growth. At 3 and 4 hour polymerizations, more mature fibrils of increasing lengths, diameters, and complexity were observed. Fibrils appeared to be aligning and twisting (helical formation) to form a mature fibril with a higher mass per unit area. Interestingly, the mature fibrils appeared larger centrally with tapered ends displaying declining slopes. These observations compare favorably with those previously published on collagen type I assembly [Gale et al. (1995) Biophys. J. 68:2124-2128]. High resolution atomic force microscopy images of type III collagen in solution should provide a template for observation of the interactions between basement membrane components and hemostatic system proteins present in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Taatjes
- Department of Pathology and Cell Imaging Facility, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington 05405, USA.
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Dahl T, Sabsay B, Veis A. Type I collagen-phosphophoryn interactions: specificity of the monomer-monomer binding. J Struct Biol 1998; 123:162-8. [PMID: 9843670 DOI: 10.1006/jsbi.1998.4025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
It has been postulated that phosphophoryn (PP) molecules bind specifically to type I collagen fibrils as the key event in inducing matrix mineralization in dentin. The nature and specificity of the collagen molecule-PP interaction has been examined by rotary shadowing-electron microscopy of mixtures of native, monomeric lathyritic rat skin collagen and purified rat incisor PP. An antibody to the amino-telopeptide of the collagen alpha1(I)-chain was used to determine the N-terminal end of the collagen molecules. Solutions of collagen and PP in 0.01 M ammonium formate (+/- antibody) were mixed and spread in 70% glycerol-30% 0.01 M ammonium formate on freshly cleaved mica surfaces using the sandwich technique. After rotary shadowing with Pt and backcoating with a carbon film, the spreads were viewed in a JEOL 1200EX TEM. The PP appeared as 15-nm diameter globules, the collagen as semi-flexible 270 nm filaments. At neutral pH and low PP/collagen mixing ratios, a single interaction site was evident, centered at approximately 210 nm from the N-terminus. The binding interaction induced a local conformational change in the collagen, bending the molecule and reducing its effective length. The sequence within the collagen-PP-binding domain has a net-positive charge but contains both positively and negatively charged groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Dahl
- Department of Basic and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Oral Biology, Northwestern University, 303 E. Chicago Ave., Chicago, Illinois, 60611, USA
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Abstract
The atomic force microscope (AFM) was invented by Binnig, Quate and Gerber less than 10 years ago (Binniget al. 1986). In their first prototype, a piece of goldfoil was used as the cantilever, with a crushed diamond tip mounted at the end. On the back of the cantilever, a tunnelling junction was used to monitor the deflection of the cantilever (the gold-foil) when the specimen was scanned with the tip in contact with the surface. Thus, the surface topography of the specimen was obtained with a resolution critically dependent on the sharpness of the tip provided the deformation of the specimen was not serious. Even with such a crude set-up, they managed to obtain a lateral resolution of ˜ 30 Å and a vertical resolution of better than 1 Å on an amorphous A12O3surface. The operating principle of such an instrument is deceptively simple. However, such an arrangement was inconvenient for routine operations and unsuitable for imaging hydrated specimens, because the tunnelling junction is easily contaminated in air and works poorly in aqueous solutions (Alexanderet al. 1989). As a result, the application of this type of AFM to biological samples was rare (Engel, 1991).
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Shao
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, USA
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