1
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Liu T, Dai Y, Xu M, Chen Y, Xia T, Zhao X. Mild acute stress prevents the memory impairment induced by long-term isoflurane anesthesia. Transl Neurosci 2022; 13:421-429. [PMID: 36518560 PMCID: PMC9719393 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2022-0261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Long-term isoflurane anesthesia exposure could result in postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Preoperative stress is also reported to be a risk factor of POCD. However, it is unknown whether acute stress could impair memory after long-term isoflurane anesthesia. Methods In this study, we categorized the mice with acute stress into mild (30 min restraint stress), moderate (60 min restraint stress), and severe (120 min restraint stress) stress groups and then we used Open-Field Test (OFT) to detect whether different scales of acute restraint stress successfully induced acute stress in mice. The memory performance of mice was measured using contextual and cued memory test, and the brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein levels of hippocampus was detected by Western blot. Results We verified that mild stress has pro-cognitive effect, but severe stress has amnestic effect. Moreover, we found that mild and moderate other than severe acute stress could partially attenuate the memory impairment induced by long-term isoflurane anesthesia. Conclusion Mild and moderate acute stress could partially attenuate the memory impairment induced by long-term isoflurane anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Liu
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China,Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yutong Dai
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China,Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Minhui Xu
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China,Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianjiao Xia
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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2
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Taugher RJ, Wunsch AM, Wang GZ, Chan AC, Dlouhy BJ, Wemmie JA. Post-acquisition CO 2 Inhalation Enhances Fear Memory and Depends on ASIC1A. Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 15:767426. [PMID: 34776896 PMCID: PMC8585996 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.767426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that memories of fearful events may be altered after initial acquisition or learning. Although much of this work has been done in rodents using Pavlovian fear conditioning, it may have important implications for fear memories in humans such as in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A recent study suggested that cued fear memories, made labile by memory retrieval, were made additionally labile and thus more vulnerable to subsequent modification when mice inhaled 10% carbon dioxide (CO2) during retrieval. In light of this finding, we hypothesized that 10% CO2 inhalation soon after fear acquisition might affect memory recall 24 h later. We found that both cue and context fear memory were increased by CO2 exposure after fear acquisition. The effect of CO2 was time-dependent, as CO2 inhalation administered 1 or 4 h after cued fear acquisition increased fear memory, whereas CO2 inhalation 4 h before or 24 h after cued fear acquisition did not increase fear memory. The ability of CO2 exposure following acquisition to enhance fear memory was not a general consequence of stress, as restraining mice after acquisition did not alter cued fear memory. The memory-enhancing action of CO2 may be relatively specific to fear conditioning as novel object recognition was impaired by post-training CO2 inhalation. To explore the molecular underpinnings of these effects, we tested if they depended on the acid-sensing ion channel-1a (ASIC1A), a proton-gated cation channel that mediates other effects of CO2, likely via its ability to sense acidosis induced during CO2 inhalation. We found that CO2 inhalation did not alter cued or context fear memory in Asic1a–/– mice, suggesting that this phenomenon critically depends on ASIC1A. These results suggest that brain acidosis around the time of a traumatic event may enhance memory of the trauma, and may thus constitute an important risk factor for developing PTSD. Moreover, preventing peritraumatic acidosis might reduce risk of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Taugher
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.,Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Amanda M Wunsch
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.,Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Grace Z Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.,Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Aubrey C Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.,Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA, United States.,Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.,Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Brian J Dlouhy
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.,Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - John A Wemmie
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.,Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA, United States.,Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.,Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.,Roy J. Carver Chair of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
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3
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Excitation-Inhibition Imbalance Leads to Alteration of Neuronal Coherence and Neurovascular Coupling under Acute Stress. J Neurosci 2020; 40:9148-9162. [PMID: 33087471 PMCID: PMC7673010 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1553-20.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A single stressful event can cause morphologic and functional changes in neurons and even malfunction of vascular systems, which can lead to acute stress disorder or post-traumatic stress disorder. However, there is a lack of evidence regarding how acute stress impacts neuronal activity, the concurrent vascular response, and the relationship between these two factors, which is defined as neurovascular coupling. Here, using in vivo two-photon imaging, we found that NMDA-evoked calcium transients of excitatory neurons were impaired and that vasodilation of penetrating arterioles was concomitantly disrupted in acutely stressed male mice. Furthermore, acute stress altered the relationship between excitatory neuronal calcium coherence and vascular responses. By measuring NMDA-evoked excitatory and inhibitory neuronal calcium activity in acute brain slices, we confirmed that neuronal coherence both between excitatory neurons and between excitatory and inhibitory neurons was reduced by acute stress but restored by blockade of glucocorticoid receptor signaling. Furthermore, the ratio of sEPSCs to sIPSCs was altered by acute stress, suggesting that the excitation-inhibition balance was disrupted by acute stress. In summary, in vivo, ex vivo, and whole-cell recording studies demonstrate that acute stress modifies excitatory-inhibitory neuronal coherence, disrupts the excitation-inhibition balance, and causes consequent neurovascular coupling changes, providing critical insights into the neural mechanism of stress-induced disorders. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Acute stress can cause pathologic conditions, such as acute stress disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder, by affecting the functions of neurons and blood vessels. However, investigations into the impacts of acute stress on neurovascular coupling, the tight connection between local neural activity and subsequent blood flow changes, are lacking. Through investigations at the in vivo, ex vivo, and whole-cell recording levels, we found that acute stress alters the NMDA-evoked vascular response, impairs the function and coherence of excitatory and inhibitory neurons, and disrupts the excitatory and inhibitory balance. These novel findings provide insights into the relevance of the excitatory-inhibitory balance, neuronal coherence, and neurovascular coupling to stress-induced disorders.
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4
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Japundžić-Žigon N, Lozić M, Šarenac O, Murphy D. Vasopressin & Oxytocin in Control of the Cardiovascular System: An Updated Review. Curr Neuropharmacol 2020; 18:14-33. [PMID: 31544693 PMCID: PMC7327933 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x17666190717150501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of vasopressin (VP) and oxytocin (OT) in 1953, considerable knowledge has been gathered about their roles in cardiovascular homeostasis. Unraveling VP vasoconstrictor properties and V1a receptors in blood vessels generated powerful hemostatic drugs and drugs effective in the treatment of certain forms of circulatory collapse (shock). Recognition of the key role of VP in water balance via renal V2 receptors gave birth to aquaretic drugs found to be useful in advanced stages of congestive heart failure. There are still unexplored actions of VP and OT on the cardiovascular system, both at the periphery and in the brain that may open new venues in treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After a brief overview on VP, OT and their peripheral action on the cardiovascular system, this review focuses on newly discovered hypothalamic mechanisms involved in neurogenic control of the circulation in stress and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maja Lozić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Olivera Šarenac
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - David Murphy
- School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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5
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Atwal N, Winters BL, Vaughan CW. Endogenous cannabinoid modulation of restraint stress-induced analgesia in thermal nociception. J Neurochem 2019; 152:92-102. [PMID: 31571215 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
It is thought that endogenous cannabinoids have a role in the analgesia induced by specific forms of stress. We examined if the role of endogenous cannabinoids is also dependent upon the mode of nociception, and whether this could be altered by drugs which block their enzymatic degradation. In C57BL/6 mice, restraint stress produced analgesia in the hot-plate and plantar tests, two thermal pain assays that engage distinct supraspinal and spinal nociceptive pathways. Stress-induced analgesia in the hot-plate test was abolished by pre-treatment with the opioid receptor antagonist naltrexone but was unaffected by the cannabinoid receptor antagonist 1-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-(4-iodophenyl)-4-methyl-N-4-morpholinyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide (AM281). By contrast, stress-induced analgesia in the plantar test was abolished by pre-treatment with naltrexone plus AM281, but not by either antagonist individually. Remarkably, inhibiting the breakdown of endocannabinoids, with the dual fatty acid amide hydrolase and monoacylglycerol lipase inhibitor JZL195, rescued stress-induced analgesia in the hotplate test when endogenous opioid signalling was blocked by naltrexone. Furthermore, JZL195 recruited analgesia induced by sub-threshold restraint stress in both thermal pain assays. These findings indicate the role of endocannabinoids in stress-induced analgesia differs with the type of thermal pain behaviour. However, by inhibiting their breakdown, endocannabinoids can be recruited to substitute for endogenous opioid signalling when their activity is blocked, indicating a degree of redundancy between opioid and cannabinoid systems. Together these data suggest targeting endocannabinoid breakdown could provide an alternative, or adjuvant to mainstream analgesics such as opioids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Atwal
- Pain Management Research Institute, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Bryony L Winters
- Pain Management Research Institute, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Christopher W Vaughan
- Pain Management Research Institute, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
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6
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Fam BSO, Reales G, Vargas-Pinilla P, Paré P, Viscardi LH, Sortica VA, Felkl AB, de O Franco Á, Lucion AB, Costa-Neto CM, Pissinatti A, Salzano FM, Paixão-Côrtes VR, Bortolini MC. AVPR1b variation and the emergence of adaptive phenotypes in Platyrrhini primates. Am J Primatol 2019; 81:e23028. [PMID: 31318063 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Platyrrhini (New World monkeys, NWm) are a group of primates characterized by behavioral and reproductive traits that are otherwise uncommon among primates, including social monogamy, direct paternal care, and twin births. As a consequence, the study of Platyrrhine primates is an invaluable tool for the discovery of the genetic repertoire underlying these taxon-specific traits. Recently, high conservation of vasopressin (AVP) sequence, in contrast with high variability of oxytocin (OXT), has been described in NWm. AVP and OXT functions are possible due to interaction with their receptors: AVPR1a, AVPR1b, AVPR2, and OXTR; and the variability in this system is associated with the traits mentioned above. Understanding the variability in the receptors is thus fundamental to understand the function and evolution of the system as a whole. Here we describe the variability of AVPR1b coding region in 20 NWm species, which is well-known to influence behavioral traits such as aggression, anxiety, and stress control in placental mammals. Our results indicate that 4% of AVPR1b sites may be under positive selection and a significant number of sites under relaxed selective constraint. Considering the known role of AVPR1b, we suggest that some of the changes described here for the Platyrrhini may be a part of the genetic repertoire connected with the complex network of neuroendocrine mechanisms of AVP-OXT system in the modulation of the HPA axis. Thus, these changes may have promoted the emergence of social behaviors such as direct paternal care in socially monogamous species that are also characterized by small body size and twin births.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibiana S O Fam
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Guillermo Reales
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,INAGEMP - Instituto de Genética Médica e Populacional, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Pedro Vargas-Pinilla
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Pamela Paré
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucas H Viscardi
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Vinicius A Sortica
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Aline B Felkl
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Álvaro de O Franco
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Aldo B Lucion
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Claudio M Costa-Neto
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Francisco M Salzano
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Vanessa R Paixão-Côrtes
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Maria Cátira Bortolini
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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7
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Harper KM, Knapp DJ, Criswell HE, Breese GR. Vasopressin and alcohol: a multifaceted relationship. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2018; 235:3363-3379. [PMID: 30392132 PMCID: PMC6286152 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-5099-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arginine vasopressin (VP) has been implicated in a number of neuropsychiatric disorders with an emphasis on situations where stress increased the severity of the disorder. Based on this hypothesized role for VP in neuropsychiatric disorders, much research is currently being undertaken in humans and animals to test VP as a target for treatment of a number of these disorders including alcohol abuse. OBJECTIVES To provide a summary of the literature regarding the role of VP in alcohol- and stress-related behaviors including the use of drugs that target VP in clinical trials. RESULTS Changes in various components of the VP system occur with alcohol and stress. Manipulating VP or its receptors can alter alcohol- and stress-related behaviors including tolerance to alcohol, alcohol drinking, and anxiety-like behavior. Finally, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis response to alcohol is also altered by manipulating the VP system. However, clinical trials of VP antagonists have had mixed results. CONCLUSIONS A review of VP's involvement in alcohol's actions demonstrates that there is much to be learned about brain regions involved in VP-mediated effects on behavior. Thus, future work should focus on elucidating relevant brain regions. By using previous knowledge of the actions of VP and determining the brain regions and/or systems involved in its different behavioral effects, it may be possible to identify a specific receptor subtype target, drug treatment combination, or specific clinical contexts that may point toward a more successful treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn M Harper
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB #7178, Thurston Bowles Building, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7178, USA.
| | - Darin J Knapp
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB #7178, Thurston Bowles Building, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7178, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7178, USA
| | - Hugh E Criswell
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB #7178, Thurston Bowles Building, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7178, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7178, USA
| | - George R Breese
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB #7178, Thurston Bowles Building, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7178, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7178, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7178, USA
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8
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Deletion of exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP (Epac) causes defects in hippocampal signaling in female mice. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200935. [PMID: 30048476 PMCID: PMC6062027 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies demonstrate essential roles for the exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP 1 and 2 (Epac1 and Epac2; here collectively referred to as Epac) in the brain. In the hippocampus, Epac contributes to the control of neuronal growth and differentiation and has been implicated in memory and learning as well as in anxiety and depression. In the present study we address the hypothesis that Epac affects hippocampal cellular responses to acute restraint stress. Stress causes activation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis, and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signaling is essential for proper feedback regulation of the stress response, both in the brain and along the HPA axis. In the hippocampus, GR expression is regulated by cAMP and the brain enriched micro RNA miR-124. Epac has been associated with miR-124 expression in hippocampal neurons, but not in regulation of GR. We report that hippocampal expression of Epac1 and Epac2 increased in response to acute stress in female wild type mice. In female mice genetically deleted for Epac, nuclear translocation of GR in response to restraint stress was significantly delayed, and moreover, miR-124 expression was decreased in these mice. Male mice lacking Epac also showed abnormalities in miR-124 expression, but the phenotype was less profound than in females. Serum corticosterone levels were slightly altered immediately after stress in both male and female mice deleted for Epac. The presented data indicate that Epac1 and Epac2 are involved in controlling cellular responses to acute stress in the mouse hippocampus and provide novel insights into the underlying transcriptional and signaling networks. Interestingly, we observe sex specific differences when Epac is deleted. As the incidence and prevalence of stress-related diseases are higher in women than in men, the Epac knockout models might serve as genetic tools to further elucidate the cellular mechanisms underlying differences between male and female with regard to regulation of stress.
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9
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Maeda Y, Kudo S, Tsushima K, Sato E, Kubota C, Kayamori A, Bochimoto H, Koga D, Torii S, Gomi H, Watanabe T, Hosaka M. Impaired Processing of Prohormones in Secretogranin III-Null Mice Causes Maladaptation to an Inadequate Diet and Stress. Endocrinology 2018; 159:1213-1227. [PMID: 29281094 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Secretogranin III (SgIII), a member of the granin family, binds both to another granin, chromogranin A (CgA), and to a cholesterol-rich membrane that is destined for secretory granules (SGs). The knockdown of SgIII in adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-producing AtT-20 cells largely impairs the regulated secretion of CgA and ACTH. To clarify the physiological roles of SgIII in vivo, we analyzed hormone secretion and SG biogenesis in newly established SgIII-knockout (KO) mice. Although the SgIII-KO mice were viable and fertile and exhibited no overt abnormalities under ordinary rearing conditions, a high-fat/high-sucrose diet caused pronounced obesity in the mice. Furthermore, in the SgIII-KO mice compared with wild-type (WT) mice, the stimulated secretion of active insulin decreased substantially, whereas the storage of proinsulin increased in the islets. The plasma ACTH was also less elevated in the SgIII-KO mice than in the WT mice after chronic restraint stress, whereas the storage level of the precursor proopiomelanocortin in the pituitary gland was somewhat increased. These findings suggest that the lack of SgIII causes maladaptation of endocrine cells to an inadequate diet and stress by impairing the proteolytic conversion of prohormones in SGs, whereas SG biogenesis and the basal secretion of peptide hormones under ordinary conditions are ensured by the compensatory upregulation of other residual granins or factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Maeda
- Department of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Molecular Life Sciences, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, Japan
| | - Saki Kudo
- Department of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Molecular Life Sciences, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, Japan
| | - Ken Tsushima
- Department of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Molecular Life Sciences, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, Japan
| | - Eri Sato
- Department of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Molecular Life Sciences, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, Japan
| | - Chisato Kubota
- Biosignal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aika Kayamori
- Department of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Molecular Life Sciences, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, Japan
| | - Hiroki Bochimoto
- Health Care Administration Center, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan
| | - Daisuke Koga
- Department of Microscopic Anatomy and Cell Biology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Seiji Torii
- Biosignal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Gomi
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Watanabe
- Department of Microscopic Anatomy and Cell Biology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hosaka
- Department of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Molecular Life Sciences, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, Japan
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10
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Caldwell HK, Aulino EA, Rodriguez KM, Witchey SK, Yaw AM. Social Context, Stress, Neuropsychiatric Disorders, and the Vasopressin 1b Receptor. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:567. [PMID: 29085277 PMCID: PMC5650633 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The arginine vasopressin 1b receptor (Avpr1b) is involved in the modulation of a variety of behaviors and is an important part of the mammalian hormonal stress axis. The Avpr1b is prominent in hippocampal CA2 pyramidal cells and in the anterior pituitary corticotrophs. Decades of research on this receptor has demonstrated its importance to the modulation of social recognition memory, social forms of aggression, and modulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, particularly under conditions of acute stress. Further, work in humans suggests that the Avpr1b may play a role in human neuropsychiatric disorders and its modulation may have therapeutic potential. This paper reviews what is known about the role of the Avpr1b in the context of social behaviors, the stress axis, and human neuropsychiatric disorders. Further, possible mechanisms for how Avpr1b activation within the hippocampus vs. Avpr1b activation within anterior pituitary may interact with one another to affect behavioral output are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather K Caldwell
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and Behavior, Department of Biological Sciences Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Aulino
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and Behavior, Department of Biological Sciences Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Karla M Rodriguez
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Shannah K Witchey
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and Behavior, Department of Biological Sciences Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Alexandra M Yaw
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
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11
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Boivin GP, Bottomley MA, Schiml PA, Goss L, Grobe N. Physiologic, Behavioral, and Histologic Responses to Various Euthanasia Methods in C57BL/6NTac Male Mice. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE : JAALAS 2017; 56:69-78. [PMID: 28905718 PMCID: PMC5250498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Rodent euthanasia using exposure to increasing concentrations of CO2 has come under scrutiny due to concerns of potential pain during the euthanasia process. Alternatives to CO2, such as isoflurane and barbiturates, have been proposed as more humane methods of euthanasia. In this study, we examined 3 commonly used euthanasia methods in mice: intraperitoneal injection of pentobarbital-phenytoin solution, CO2 inhalation, and isoflurane anesthesia followed by CO2 inhalation. We hypothesized that pentobarbital-phenytoin euthanasia would cause fewer alterations in cardiovascular response, result in less behavioral evidence of pain or stress, and produce lower elevations in ACTH than would the isoflurane and CO2 methods, which we hypothesized would not differ in regard to these parameters. ACTH data suggested that pentobarbital-phenytoin euthanasia may be less stressful to mice than are isoflurane and CO2 euthanasia. Cardiovascular, behavioral, and activity data did not consistently or significantly support isoflurane or pentobarbital-phenytoin euthanasia as less stressful methods than CO2. Euthanasia with CO2 was the fastest method of the 3 techniques. Therefore, we conclude that using CO2 with or without isoflurane is an acceptable euthanasia method. Pathologic alterations in the lungs were most severe with CO2 euthanasia, and alternative euthanasia techniques likely are better suited for studies that rely on analysis of the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory P Boivin
- Department of Pathology, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, USA; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
| | - Michael A Bottomley
- Department of Mathematical and Microbiologic Sciences, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, USA
| | - Patricia A Schiml
- Department of Psychology, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, USA
| | - Lori Goss
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Physiology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, USA
| | - Nadja Grobe
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, USA
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Lee AK, Tse FW, Tse A. Arginine Vasopressin Potentiates the Stimulatory Action of CRH on Pituitary Corticotropes via a Protein Kinase C-Dependent Reduction of the Background TREK-1 Current. Endocrinology 2015; 156:3661-72. [PMID: 26248219 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The hypothalamic hormone arginine vasopressin (AVP) potentiates the stimulatory action of CRH on ACTH secretion from pituitary corticotropes, but the underlying mechanism is elusive. Using the perforated patch-clamp technique to monitor membrane potentials in mouse corticotropes, we found that AVP triggered a transient hyperpolarization that was followed by a sustained depolarization. The hyperpolarization was caused by intracellular Ca(2+) release that in turn activated the small conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (SK) channels. The depolarization was due to the suppression of background TWIK-related K(+) (TREK)-1 channels. Direct activation of protein kinase C (PKC) reduced the TREK-1 current, whereas PKC inhibition attenuated the AVP-mediated reduction of the TREK-1 current, implicating the involvement of PKC. The addition of CRH (which stimulates the protein kinase A pathway) in the presence of AVP, or vice versa, resulted in further suppression of the TREK-1 current. In corticotropes with buffered cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i), AVP evoked a sustained depolarization, and the coapplication of AVP and CRH caused a larger depolarization than that evoked by AVP or CRH alone. In cells with minimal perturbation of [Ca(2+)]i and background TREK-1 channels, CRH evoked a sustained depolarization that was superimposed with action potentials, and the subsequent coapplication of AVP and CRH triggered a transient hyperpolarization that was followed by a larger depolarization. In summary, AVP and CRH have additive effects on the suppression of the TREK-1 current, resulting in a more robust depolarization in corticotropes. We suggest that this mechanism contributes to the potentiating action of AVP on CRH-evoked ACTH secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy K Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Frederick W Tse
- Department of Pharmacology, Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Amy Tse
- Department of Pharmacology, Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
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Santos M, D'Amico D, Dierssen M. From neural to genetic substrates of panic disorder: Insights from human and mouse studies. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 759:127-41. [PMID: 25818748 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Fear is an ancestral emotion, an intrinsic defensive response present in every organism. Although fear is an evolutionarily advantageous emotion, under certain pathologies such as panic disorder it might become exaggerated and non-adaptive. Clinical and preclinical work pinpoints that changes in cognitive processes, such as perception and interpretation of environmental stimuli that rely on brain regions responsible for high-level function, are essential for the development of fear-related disorders. This review focuses on the involvement of cognitive function to fear circuitry disorders. Moreover, we address how animal models are contributing to understand the involvement of human candidate genes to pathological fear and helping achieve progress in this field. Multidisciplinary approaches that integrate human genetic findings with state of the art genetic mouse models will allow to elucidate the mechanisms underlying pathology and to develop new strategies for therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Santos
- Cellular & Systems Neurobiology, Systems Biology Program, Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), E-08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), E-08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), E-08003 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Davide D'Amico
- Cellular & Systems Neurobiology, Systems Biology Program, Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), E-08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), E-08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), E-08003 Barcelona, Spain; ZeClinics SL, E-08001 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Mara Dierssen
- Cellular & Systems Neurobiology, Systems Biology Program, Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), E-08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), E-08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), E-08003 Barcelona, Spain.
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Milutinović-Smiljanić S, Šarenac O, Lozić-Djurić M, Murphy D, Japundžić-Žigon N. Evidence for involvement of central vasopressin V1b and V2 receptors in stress-induced baroreflex desensitization. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 169:900-8. [PMID: 23488898 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Revised: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE It is well recognized that vasopressin modulates the neurogenic control of the circulation. Here, we report the central mechanisms by which vasopressin modulates cardiovascular response to stress induced by immobilization. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Experiments were performed in conscious male Wistar rats equipped with radiotelemetric device for continuous measurement of haemodynamic parameters: systolic and diastolic BP and heart rate (HR). The functioning of the spontaneous baro-receptor reflex (BRR) was evaluated using the sequence method and the following parameters were evaluated: BRR sensitivity (BRS) and BRR effectiveness index (BEI). KEY RESULTS Under baseline physiological conditions intracerebroventricular injection of 100 and 500 ng of selective non-peptide V1a or V1b or V2 receptor antagonist did not modify BP, HR and BRR. Rats exposed to 15 min long stress by immobilization exhibited increase of BP, HR, reduction of BRS and no change in BEI. Pretreatment of rats with V1a receptor antagonist did not modulate the BP, HR, BRS and BEI response to stress. Pretreatment of rats with V1b receptor and V2 receptor antagonist, at both doses, prevented BRR desensitization and tachycardia, but failed to modulate stress-induced hypertension. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Vasopressin by the stimulation of central V1b- and V2-like receptors mediates stress-induced tachycardia and BRR desensitization. If these mechanisms are involved, BRR desensitization in heart failure and hypertension associated with poor outcome, they could be considered as novel targets for cardiovascular drug development.
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15
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Japundžić-Žigon N. Vasopressin and oxytocin in control of the cardiovascular system. Curr Neuropharmacol 2013; 11:218-30. [PMID: 23997756 PMCID: PMC3637675 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x11311020008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Revised: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Vasopressin (VP) and oxytocin (OT) are mainly synthesized in the magnocellular neurons of the paraventricular (PVN) and supraoptic nucleus (SON) of the hypothalamus. Axons from the magnocellular part of the PVN and SON project to neurohypophysis where VP and OT are released in blood to act like hormones. Axons from the parvocellular part of PVN project to extra-hypothalamic brain areas (median eminence, limbic system, brainstem and spinal cord) where VP and OT act like neurotransmitters/modulators. VP and OT act in complementary manner in cardiovascular control, both as hormones and neurotransmitters. While VP conserves water and increases circulating blood volume, OT eliminates sodium. Hyperactivity of VP neurons and quiescence of OT neurons in PVN underlie osmotic adjustment to pregnancy. In most vascular beds VP is a potent vasoconstrictor, more potent than OT, except in the umbilical artery at term. The vasoconstriction by VP and OT is mediated via V1aR. In some vascular beds, i.e. the lungs and the brain, VP and OT produce NO dependent vasodilatation. Peripherally, VP has been found to enhance the sensitivity of the baro-receptor while centrally, VP and OT increase sympathetic outflow, suppresse baro-receptor reflex and enhance respiration. Whilst VP is an important mediator of stress that triggers ACTH release, OT exhibits anti-stress properties. Moreover, VP has been found to contribute considerably to progression of hypertension and heart failure while OT has been found to decrease blood pressure and promote cardiac healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Japundžić-Žigon
- Professor of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Dr Subotica 1, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
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Martino D, Macerollo A, Leckman JF. Neuroendocrine aspects of Tourette syndrome. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2013; 112:239-79. [PMID: 24295624 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-411546-0.00009-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There is sparse evidence suggesting the participation of neuroendocrine mechanisms, mainly involving sex and stress steroid hormones, to the pathophysiology of neurodevelopmental disorders such as Tourette syndrome (TS) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Patients with TS exhibit a sex-specific variability in gender distribution (male/female ratio=3-4/1) and in its natural history, with a severity peak in the period around puberty. The administration of exogenous androgens may worsen tics in males with TS, whereas drugs counteracting the action of testosterone might show some antitic efficacy. This suggests a higher susceptibility of patients with TS to androgen steroids. There are insufficient data on the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in TS. However, preliminary evidence suggests that a subgroup of women with TS might be more sensitive to the premenstrual trough of estrogen levels. Patients with TS exhibit differences in a number of behavioral, cognitive, and anatomical traits that appear to be sex related. There is a body of evidence supporting, albeit indirectly, the hypothesis of an increased exposure to androgenic steroids during the very early phases of neural development. Animal models in rodents suggest a complex role of gonadal hormones upon the modulation of anxiety-related and stereotyped behaviors during adult life. Patients with TS exhibit an enhanced reactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis to external stressors, despite a preserved diurnal cortisol rhythm and a normal restoration of the baseline activity of the axis following the acute stress response. Preliminary evidence suggests the possible implication of oxytocin (OT) in disorders related to the TS spectrum, especially non-tic-related OCD. The injection of OT in the amygdala of rodents was shown to be able to induce hypergrooming, suggesting the possible involvement of this neuropeptide in the pathophysiology of complex, stereotyped behaviors. In contrast, there is anecdotal clinical evidence that tics improve following periods of affectionate touch and sexual intercourse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Martino
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woolwich, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Neuroscience and Trauma, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
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Koshimizu TA, Nakamura K, Egashira N, Hiroyama M, Nonoguchi H, Tanoue A. Vasopressin V1a and V1b Receptors: From Molecules to Physiological Systems. Physiol Rev 2012; 92:1813-64. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00035.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurohypophysial hormone arginine vasopressin (AVP) is essential for a wide range of physiological functions, including water reabsorption, cardiovascular homeostasis, hormone secretion, and social behavior. These and other actions of AVP are mediated by at least three distinct receptor subtypes: V1a, V1b, and V2. Although the antidiuretic action of AVP and V2 receptor in renal distal tubules and collecting ducts is relatively well understood, recent years have seen an increasing understanding of the physiological roles of V1a and V1b receptors. The V1a receptor is originally found in the vascular smooth muscle and the V1b receptor in the anterior pituitary. Deletion of V1a or V1b receptor genes in mice revealed that the contributions of these receptors extend far beyond cardiovascular or hormone-secreting functions. Together with extensively developed pharmacological tools, genetically altered rodent models have advanced the understanding of a variety of AVP systems. Our report reviews the findings in this important field by covering a wide range of research, from the molecular physiology of V1a and V1b receptors to studies on whole animals, including gene knockout/knockdown studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taka-aki Koshimizu
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Molecular Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pharmacy, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan; and Department of Internal Medicine, Kitasato University, Kitasato Institute Medical Center Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Nakamura
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Molecular Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pharmacy, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan; and Department of Internal Medicine, Kitasato University, Kitasato Institute Medical Center Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Egashira
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Molecular Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pharmacy, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan; and Department of Internal Medicine, Kitasato University, Kitasato Institute Medical Center Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masami Hiroyama
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Molecular Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pharmacy, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan; and Department of Internal Medicine, Kitasato University, Kitasato Institute Medical Center Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nonoguchi
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Molecular Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pharmacy, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan; and Department of Internal Medicine, Kitasato University, Kitasato Institute Medical Center Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akito Tanoue
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Molecular Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pharmacy, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan; and Department of Internal Medicine, Kitasato University, Kitasato Institute Medical Center Hospital, Saitama, Japan
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Quantification of extracellular levels of corticosterone in the basolateral amygdaloid complex of freely-moving rats: A dialysis study of circadian variation and stress-induced modulation. Brain Res 2012; 1452:47-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2011] [Revised: 11/16/2011] [Accepted: 01/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Stevenson EL, Caldwell HK. The vasopressin 1b receptor and the neural regulation of social behavior. Horm Behav 2012; 61:277-82. [PMID: 22178035 PMCID: PMC3310934 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2011.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2011] [Revised: 11/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
To date, much of the work in rodents implicating vasopressin (Avp) in the regulation of social behavior has focused on its action via the Avp 1a receptor (Avpr1a). However, there is mounting evidence that the Avp 1b receptor (Avpr1b) also plays a significant role in Avp's modulation of social behavior. The Avpr1b is heavily expressed on the anterior pituitary cortiocotrophs where it acts as an important modulator of the endocrine stress response. In the brain, the Avpr1b is prominent in the CA2 region of the hippocampus, but can also be found in areas such as the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and the olfactory bulb. Studies that have employed genetic knockouts or pharmacological manipulation of the Avpr1b point to the importance of central Avpr1b in the modulation of social behavior. However, there continues to be a knowledge gap in our understanding of where in the brain this is occurring, as well as how and if the central actions of Avp acting via the Avpr1b interact with the stress axis. In this review we focus on the genetic and pharmacological studies that have implicated the Avpr1b in the neural regulation of social behaviors, including social forms of aggressive behavior, social memory, and social motivation. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Oxytocin, Vasopressin, and Social Behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica L Stevenson
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and Behavior, Department of Biological Sciences and School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242,, USA
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Tentzeris I, Jarai R, Farhan S, Perkmann T, Schwarz MA, Jakl G, Wojta J, Huber K. Complementary role of copeptin and high‐sensitivity troponin in predicting outcome in patients with stable chronic heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail 2011; 13:726-733. [DOI: 10.1093/eurjhf/hfr049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Tentzeris
- 3rd Department of Medicine, Cardiology and Emergency Medicine Wilhelminen Hospital Montleartstrasse 37, A‐1160 Vienna Austria
| | - Rudolf Jarai
- 3rd Department of Medicine, Cardiology and Emergency Medicine Wilhelminen Hospital Montleartstrasse 37, A‐1160 Vienna Austria
| | - Serdar Farhan
- 3rd Department of Medicine, Cardiology and Emergency Medicine Wilhelminen Hospital Montleartstrasse 37, A‐1160 Vienna Austria
| | - Thomas Perkmann
- Department of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics Medical University Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Michael A. Schwarz
- 3rd Department of Medicine, Cardiology and Emergency Medicine Wilhelminen Hospital Montleartstrasse 37, A‐1160 Vienna Austria
| | - Gabriele Jakl
- 3rd Department of Medicine, Cardiology and Emergency Medicine Wilhelminen Hospital Montleartstrasse 37, A‐1160 Vienna Austria
| | - Johann Wojta
- Department of Cardiology Medical University Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Kurt Huber
- 3rd Department of Medicine, Cardiology and Emergency Medicine Wilhelminen Hospital Montleartstrasse 37, A‐1160 Vienna Austria
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