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Cazanga V, Riquelme J, Cornejo D, Jeldres JA, Palma C, Pérez-Fernández R. Influence of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxemia on plasma and tissue disposition of florfenicol after intramuscular administration in rabbits. Res Vet Sci 2024; 170:105187. [PMID: 38422840 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
To assess the effects of the acute inflammatory response (AIR) induced by Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on plasma and tissue disposition of florfenicol (FFC) and its metabolite florfenicol amine (FFC-a), after its intramuscular (IM) administration, twenty-two New Zealand rabbits were randomly distributed in two experimental groups: Group 1 (LPS) was treated with three intravenous doses of 2 μg LPS/kg bw, before an intramuscular dose of 20 mg/kg FFC twenty-four h after the first LPS or SS injection; Group 2 (Control) was treated with saline solution (SS) in equivalent volumes as LPS-treated group. Blood samples were collected before (T0) and at different times after FFC administration. Acute inflammatory response was assessed in a parallel study where significant increases in body temperature, C-reactive protein concentrations and leukopenia were observed in the group treated with LPS. In another two groups of rabbits, 4 h after FFC treatment, rabbits were euthanized and tissue samples were collected for analysis of FFC and FFC-a concentrations. Pharmacokinetic parameters of FFC that showed significantly higher values in LPS-treated rabbits compared with control rabbits were absorption half-life, area under the curve, mean residence time and clearance /F (Cl/F). Elimination half-life and mean residence time of FFC-a were significantly higher in LPS-treated rabbits, whereas the metabolite ratio of FFC-a decreased significantly. Significant differences in tissue distribution of FFC and FFC-a were observed in rabbits treated with LPS. Modifications in plasma and tissue disposition of FFC and FFC-a were attributed mainly to haemodynamic modifications induced by the AIR through LPS administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Cazanga
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile.
| | - José Riquelme
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - Diego Cornejo
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - Jessie-Ana Jeldres
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - Cristina Palma
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - Rubén Pérez-Fernández
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile.
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Guo X, Chen H, Tong Y, Wu X, Tang C, Qin X, Guo J, Li P, Wang Z, Liu W, Mo J. A review on the antibiotic florfenicol: Occurrence, environmental fate, effects, and health risks. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 244:117934. [PMID: 38109957 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Florfenicol, as a replacement for chloramphenicol, can tightly bind to the A site of the 23S rRNA in the 50S subunit of the 70S ribosome, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis and bacterial proliferation. Due to the widespread use in aquaculture and veterinary medicine, florfenicol has been detected in the aquatic environment worldwide. Concerns over the effects and health risks of florfenicol on target and non-target organisms have been raised in recent years. Although the ecotoxicity of florfenicol has been widely reported in different species, no attempt has been made to review the current research progress of florfenicol toxicity, hormesis, and its health risks posed to biota. In this study, a comprehensive literature review was conducted to summarize the effects of florfenicol on various organisms including bacteria, algae, invertebrates, fishes, birds, and mammals. The generation of antibiotic resistant bacteria and spread antibiotic resistant genes, closely associated with hormesis, are pressing environmental health issues stemming from overuse or misuse of antibiotics including florfenicol. Exposure to florfenicol at μg/L-mg/L induced hormetic effects in several algal species, and chromoplasts might serve as a target for florfenicol-induced effects; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms are completely lacking. Exposure to high levels (mg/L) of florfenicol modified the xenobiotic metabolism, antioxidant systems, and energy metabolism, resulting in hepatotoxicity, renal toxicity, immunotoxicity, developmental toxicity, reproductive toxicity, obesogenic effects, and hormesis in different animal species. Mitochondria and the associated energy metabolism are suggested to be the primary targets for florfenicol toxicity in animals, albeit further in-depth investigations are warranted for revealing the long-term effects (e.g., whole-life-cycle impacts, multigenerational effects) of florfenicol, especially at environmental levels, and the underlying mechanisms. This will facilitate the evaluation of potential hormetic effects and construction of adverse outcome pathways for environmental risk assessment and regulation of florfenicol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingying Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Haibo Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Yongqi Tong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Xintong Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Can Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Xian Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiahua Guo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Ping Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Wenhua Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Jiezhang Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
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Liu S, Guo Y, Qu H, Dong Y, Zhao S, Fu T, Kang R, Cheng J, Huang S, Zhao L, Ma Q. Pharmacokinetics of florfenicol and its metabolite florfenicol amine in the plasma, urine, and feces of fattening male donkeys following single oral administration. Front Vet Sci 2024; 10:1314029. [PMID: 38239747 PMCID: PMC10794771 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1314029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Florfenicol (FF) is a commonly used antibacterial agent in animals. We investigated the pharmacokinetics of FF and its metabolite florfenicol amine (FFA) in donkeys. Donkeys were administered FF (30 mg/kg bodyweight, p.o.). Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using a non-compartmental model. The FF (FFA) pharmacokinetics parameters were characterized by along elimination half-life (t1/2 kz) of 5.92 h (15.95 h), plasma peak concentration (Cmax) of 0.13 μg/mL (0.08 μg/mL), and the time taken to reach Cmax (Tmax) of 0.68 h (0.72 h). The area under plasma concentration-time curve and mean residence time of FF (FFA) in plasma were 1.31 μg·mL-1·h (0.47 μg·mL-1·h) and 10.37 h (18.40 h), respectively. The t1/2 kz of FF and FFA in urine was 21.93 and 40.26 h, and the maximum excretion rate was 10.56 and 4.03 μg/h reached at 25.60 and 32.20 h, respectively. The respective values in feces were 0.02 and 0.01 μg·h-1 reached at 33.40 h. The amount of FF and FFA recovered in feces was 0.52 and 0.22 μg, respectively. In conclusion, FF (FFA) is rapidly absorbed and slowly eliminated after a single oral administration to donkeys. Compared to FF, FFA was more slowly eliminated. FF (FFA) is mostly excreted through urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanxin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Honglei Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Gelatin-Based Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong-E-E-Jiao Co., Ltd., Liaocheng, China
| | - Yanjie Dong
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Shancang Zhao
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Tianze Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruifen Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Gelatin-Based Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong-E-E-Jiao Co., Ltd., Liaocheng, China
| | - Shimeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lihong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiugang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Cazanga V, Palma C, Casanova T, Rojas D, Barrera K, Valenzuela C, Acevedo A, Ascui-Gac G, Pérez-Jeldres T, Pérez-Fernández R. Modulation of the Acute Inflammatory Response Induced by the Escherichia coli Lipopolysaccharide through the Interaction of Pentoxifylline and Florfenicol in a Rabbit Model. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12040639. [PMID: 37107001 PMCID: PMC10135147 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12040639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Experimental reports have demonstrated that florfenicol (FFC) exerts potent anti-inflammatory effects, improving survival in a murine endotoxemia model. Considering the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of pentoxifylline (PTX) as an adjuvant to enhance the efficacy of antibiotics, the anti-inflammatory effects of the interaction FFC/PTX over the E. coli Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute inflammatory response was evaluated in rabbits. METHODS Twenty-five clinically healthy New Zealand rabbits (3.8 ± 0.2 kg body weight: bw), were distributed into five experimental groups. Group 1 (control): treated with 1 mL/4 kg bw of 0.9% saline solution (SS) intravenously (IV). Group 2 (LPS): treated with an IV dose of 5 µg/kg of LPS. Group 3 (pentoxifylline (PTX) + LPS): treated with an oral dose of 30 mg/kg PTX, followed by an IV dose of 5 µg/kg of LPS 45 min after PTX. Group 4 (Florfenicol (FFC) + LPS): treated with an IM dose of 20 mg/kg of FFC, followed by an IV dose of 5 µg/kg of LPS 45 min after FFC administration. Group 5 (PTX + FFC + LPS): treated with an oral dose of 30 mg/kg of PTX, followed by an IM dose of 20 mg/kg of FFC, and, 45 min after an IV dose of 5 µg/kg of LPS was administered. The anti-inflammatory response was evaluated through changes in plasma levels of interleukins (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and body temperature. RESULTS It has been shown that each drug produced a partial inhibition over the LPS-induced increase in TNF-α, IL-1β, and CRP. When both drugs were co-administered, a synergistic inhibitory effect on the IL-1β and CRP plasma concentrations was observed, associated with a synergic antipyretic effect. However, the co-administration of PTX/FFC failed to modify the LPS-induced increase in the TNF-α plasma concentrations. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that the combination of FFC and PTX in our LPS sepsis models demonstrates immunomodulatory effects. An apparent synergistic effect was observed for the IL-1β inhibition, which peaks at three hours and then decreases. At the same time, each drug alone was superior in reducing TNF-α levels, while the combination was inferior. However, the peak of TNF-α in this sepsis model was at 12 h. Therefore, in rabbits plasma IL-1β and TNF-α could be regulated independently, thus, further research is needed to explore the effects of this combination over a more prolonged period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Cazanga
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillan 3820572, Chile
| | - Cristina Palma
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillan 3820572, Chile
| | - Tomás Casanova
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillan 3820572, Chile
| | - Daniela Rojas
- Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillan 3820572, Chile
| | - Karin Barrera
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillan 3820572, Chile
| | - Cristhian Valenzuela
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillan 3820572, Chile
| | - Aracelly Acevedo
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillan 3820572, Chile
| | - Gabriel Ascui-Gac
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, California University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Tamara Pérez-Jeldres
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Rubén Pérez-Fernández
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillan 3820572, Chile
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Xu X, Liu Y, Guo M, Martínez MA, Ares I, Lopez-Torres B, Martínez-Larrañaga MR, Wang X, Anadón A, Martínez M. The "steric-like" inhibitory effect and mechanism of doxycycline on florfenicol metabolism: Interaction risk. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 169:113431. [PMID: 36116547 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Most of the studies on doxycycline (DOX) and florfenicol (FF) remain focused on the improvement of antimicrobial activity and antimicrobial spectrum, and there is no relevant report on whether there is interaction between the two drugs after the combination. This research study evaluated the effect of DOX on FF metabolism in vitro and its mechanisms. The findings of this study showed that DOX inhibits FF metabolism in two ways. Firstly, DOX significantly inhibits the expression of CYP3A29, leading to the slower metabolism of FF; secondly, DOX affects the binding of FF to R106 and R372 by competing for the R372 and/or by a "steric-like effect", thus slowing down FF metabolism, which may increase the residual concentration of FF in edible tissues of food producing animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Xu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Yanan Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Mingyue Guo
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - María-Aránzazu Martínez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irma Ares
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bernardo Lopez-Torres
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Rosa Martínez-Larrañaga
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
| | - Arturo Anadón
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Marta Martínez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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Gutierrez Olvera L, Marcos Benitez X, García-Guzmán P, Monroy-Barreto M, Sumano H. Pharmaceutical characterization and pharmacokinetics of florfenicol-loaded alginate dried beads in rabbits. WORLD RABBIT SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.4995/wrs.2022.16381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The pharmacokinetic variables of a new formulation of florfenicol included in dried bean of alginate (FADBs), its acceptance as in food medication, and its relationship with theoretical minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of the main pathogens in rabbits, are presented. FADBs sought to mask the unpleasant taste of florfenicol while enhancing sustained absorption in a day to facilitate and optimise its dosage in this species. The entrapment efficiency was determined to be 94-98% and 73.56±3.26% of drug loading. No reduction in food consumption was detected, nor selectivity when choosing from their usual food. The elimination half-life was 1.23 to 2.4 h slower than the one previously reported in the literature. Possible flip-flop pharmacokinetics is proposed for FADBs in rabbits, thus complying better with the key pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) ratio of t≥MIC. Also, if a MIC2.0 μg/mL is taken as the cut-off point for florfenicol in rabbits, then ad libitum intake of FADBs in their standard diet is sufficient to maintain plasma concentrations of florfenicol above this level during the whole dosing interval of 24 h. Additionally, FADBs are a low-cost and attractive drug delivery system for the oral controlled release of florfenicol in rabbits.
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Hu D, Zhang B, Suo Y, Li Z, Wan Z, Zhao W, Chen L, Yin Z, Ning H, Ge Y, Li W. Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Inhibition of Proliferation and Differentiation by Florfenicol in P19 Stem Cells: Transcriptome Analysis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:779664. [PMID: 35422703 PMCID: PMC9002123 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.779664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Florfenicol (FLO), which is widely used in veterinary clinics and aquaculture, can disrupt the protein synthesis of bacteria and mitochondria and, thus, lead to antibacterial and toxic effects in plants, insects, and mammals. FLO was found to repress chicken embryonic development and induce early embryonic death previously, but the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Clarifying the mechanism of FLO-induced embryonic toxicity is important to the research and development of new drugs and the rational use of FLO to ensure human and animal health and ecological safety. In this study, the effects of FLO on pluripotency, proliferation, and differentiation were investigated in P19 stem cells (P19SCs). We also identified differentially expressed genes and performed bioinformatics analysis to obtain hub genes and conducted some functional analysis. FLO inhibited the proliferation and pluripotency of P19SCs and repressed the formation of embryoid bodies derived from P19SCs. A total of 2,396 DEGs were identified using RNA-Seq in FLO-treated P19SCs, and these genes were significantly enriched in biological processes, such as angiogenesis, embryonic organ development, and morphogenesis of organs. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genome-based pathway analysis also showed that five relevant pathways, especially the canonical Wnt pathway, were engaged in FLO-induced toxicity of pluripotent stem cells. We further analyzed modules and hub genes and found the involvement of ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, DNA replication, and cell cycle machinery in regulating the pluripotency and proliferation of FLO-treated P19SCs. In summary, our data suggest that FLO disrupts the signaling transduction of pathways, especially the canonical Wnt pathway, and further inhibits the expression of target genes involved in regulating DNA replication, cell cycle, and pluripotency. This phenomenon leads to the inhibition of proliferation and differentiation in FLO-treated P19SCs. However, further experiments are required to validate our findings and elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying FLO-induced embryonic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfang Hu
- Postdoctoral Research Station in Biological Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China.,Postdoctoral Research Base, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yu Suo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhiyue Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhishuai Wan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Weihua Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Lingli Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhihong Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Hongmei Ning
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yaming Ge
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Weiguo Li
- Postdoctoral Research Station in Biological Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
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Farag VM, El-Shafei RA, Elkenany RM, Ali HS, Eladl AH. Antimicrobial, immunological and biochemical effects of florfenicol and garlic (Allium sativum) on rabbits infected with Escherichia coli serotype O55: H7. Vet Res Commun 2021; 46:363-376. [PMID: 34755272 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-021-09859-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Florfenicol (FFC) is a synthetic broad-spectrum antibiotic and garlic has a bactericidal action against coliforms. This study was carried out to compare the antimicrobial, immunological and biochemical effects of florfenicol and garlic, for their ability to treat enteropathogenic Escherichia coli serotype O55: H7 infection in rabbits. Four groups (G1-G4) were included. G1 group was the negative control; G2 group was the infected with a field-isolated strain of E. coli and untreated; G3 group was the infected+treated with FFC for 5 days; and G4 group was the infected+treated with garlic tablets for 14 days. The rabbits were observed for clinical signs, growth performance and mortality rates. Garlic-infused disks had a larger clear zone of inhibition than other antibiotic disks. Garlic treatment improved growth performance, biochemical parameters, and immunological response and reduced the fecal shedding and histopathological lesions in E. coli O55: H7 infected rabbits compared to the other groups. Colonization of E. coli more rapidly declined in G3 & G4 than in G2. Hepatic and intestinal gene expressions; tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were significantly elevated in G2 compared to the other groups, and their levels were elevated more in G3 than in G4. Serum interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and phagocytic activity were significantly elevated in G4 compared to G3. G3 revealed macrocytic hypochromic anaemia that was confirmed histopathologically by moderate haematopoiesis of the bone marrow. In conclusion, garlic powder can reduce rabbit colibacillosis, like FFC, and can enhance the immune status of rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verginia M Farag
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Reham A El-Shafei
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, PO Box: 35516, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Rasha M Elkenany
- Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hanaa S Ali
- Department of Pathology, Animal Health Research Institute, Mansoura branch, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abdelfattah H Eladl
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Koutsoumanis K, Allende A, Alvarez‐Ordóñez A, Bolton D, Bover‐Cid S, Chemaly M, Davies R, De Cesare A, Herman L, Hilbert F, Lindqvist R, Nauta M, Ru G, Simmons M, Skandamis P, Suffredini E, Andersson DI, Bampidis V, Bengtsson‐Palme J, Bouchard D, Ferran A, Kouba M, López Puente S, López‐Alonso M, Nielsen SS, Pechová A, Petkova M, Girault S, Broglia A, Guerra B, Innocenti ML, Liébana E, López‐Gálvez G, Manini P, Stella P, Peixe L. Maximum levels of cross-contamination for 24 antimicrobial active substances in non-target feed. Part 7: Amphenicols: florfenicol and thiamphenicol. EFSA J 2021; 19:e06859. [PMID: 34729087 PMCID: PMC8546524 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The specific concentrations of florfenicol and thiamphenicol in non-target feed for food-producing animals, below which there would not be an effect on the emergence of, and/or selection for, resistance in bacteria relevant for human and animal health, as well as the specific antimicrobial concentrations in feed which have an effect in terms of growth promotion/increased yield, were assessed by EFSA in collaboration with EMA. Details of the methodology used for this assessment, associated data gaps and uncertainties, are presented in a separate document. To address antimicrobial resistance, the Feed Antimicrobial Resistance Selection Concentration (FARSC) model developed specifically for the assessment was applied. The FARSC for florfenicol was estimated. However, due to the lack of data, the calculation of the FARSC for thiamphenicol was not possible until further experimental data become available. To address growth promotion, data from scientific publications obtained from an extensive literature review were used. Levels in feed that showed to have an effect on growth promotion/increased yield were reported for florfenicol, whilst for thiamphenicol no suitable data for the assessment were available. Uncertainties and data gaps associated to the levels reported were addressed. For florfenicol, it was recommended to perform further studies to supply more diverse and complete data related to the requirements for calculation of the FARSC, whereas for thiamphenicol, the recommendation was to generate the data required to fill the gaps which prevented the FARSC calculation.
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Oxytetracycline and Florfenicol Concentrations in Food-Additive Premixes Authorised for Broiler Chickens: Assessing Degree of Agreement with Manufacturers Labelling. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11061797. [PMID: 34208604 PMCID: PMC8234333 DOI: 10.3390/ani11061797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In this study, two analytical methodologies were developed for the analysis of florfenicol and oxytetracycline premixes, which were applied in the analysis of pharmaceutical formulations manufactured at the national level. These premixes were assessed, since florfenicol and oxytetracycline are widely used in poultry farming, as they are active against several types of bacteria and their cost/effectiveness ratio is quite attractive and are administered for the therapeutic treatment of bacterial infections. However, these premixes must actually contain the active ingredients at a concentration that matches what the manufacturer states on their labels. Otherwise, they will not reach plasma concentrations that are therapeutically effective. In this work we set forth to verify via LC-MS/MS whether three commercial formulations of oxytetracycline premixes, and two of florfenicol, effectively matched their labels or not. Interestingly, this methodology detected oxytetracycline at a higher concentration than expected for those formulations, whereas the concentrations of florfenicol were lower than the on-label statement for both formulations. Abstract Antimicrobials premixes are the presentation of choice to administer drugs simultaneously to groups of animals in intensive husbandry systems that require treatment for pathologies of bacterial origin. Among the premixes available for use in poultry, florfenicol and oxytetracycline are commonly administered via food or water. However, their actual concentration in premixes must meet on-label statements to ensure plasma concentrations reach effective therapeutic levels. Hence, this work was designed for the purpose of verifying whether the concentration of antimicrobial present in five premixes matched their on-label statement. Three oxytetracycline premixes, and two of florfenicol, were analysed using a Xevo TQ-S micro UPLC-MS/MS, and an ABSciex API4000 HPLC-MS/MS, respectively. Analytical methodologies were implemented and validated, showing an R2 ≥ 0.99 for the calibration curves. Oxytetracycline was detected in these premixes at concentrations exceeding on-label statements by 13.28%, 21.54%, and 29.68%, whereas florfenicol concentrations detected in premixes were 13.06% and 14.75% lower than expected. Consequently, this work shows that the concentration of active ingredients that are present in commercial formulations effectively differ from those stated on premix labels, and it also highlights how unpredictable their range of variability might be. This must be addressed through solid and updated laws that guarantee an effective pharmaceutical product.
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Tikhomirov M, Poźniak B, Smutkiewicz A, Świtała M. Pharmacokinetics of florfenicol and thiamphenicol in ducks. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2018; 42:116-120. [DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Tikhomirov
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences; Wrocław Poland
| | - Błażej Poźniak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences; Wrocław Poland
| | - Andrzej Smutkiewicz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences; Wrocław Poland
| | - Marcin Świtała
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences; Wrocław Poland
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Pokrant E, Riquelme R, Maddaleno A, San Martín B, Cornejo J. Residue Depletion of Florfenicol and Florfenicol Amine in Broiler Chicken Claws and a Comparison of Their Concentrations in Edible Tissues Using LC⁻MS/MS. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23092211. [PMID: 30200340 PMCID: PMC6225377 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial residues might persist in products and by-products destined for human or animal consumption. Studies exploring the depletion behavior of florfenicol residues in broiler chicken claws are scarce, even though claws can enter the food chain directly or indirectly. Hence, this study intended to assess the concentrations of florfenicol (FF) and florfenicol amine (FFA)—its active metabolite—in chicken claws from birds that were treated with a therapeutic dose of florfenicol. Furthermore, concentrations of these analytes in this matrix were compared with their concentrations in edible tissues at each sampling point. A group of 70 broiler chickens were raised under controlled conditions and used to assess residue depletion. Sampling points were on days 5, 10, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 after ceasing treatment, thus extending beyond the withdrawal period established for muscle tissue (30 days). Analytes were extracted using HPLC-grade water and acetone, and dichloromethane was used for the clean-up stage. Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectroscopy detection (LC–MS/MS) was used to detect and quantify the analytes. The analytical methodology developed in this study was validated in-house and based on the recommendations described in the Commission Decision 2002/657/EC from the European Union. Analyte concentrations were calculated by linear regression analysis of calibration curves that were fortified using an internal standard of chloramphenicol-d5 (CAF-d5). The depletion time of FF and FFA was set at 74 days in claws, based on a 95% confidence level and using the limit of detection (LOD) as the cut-off point. Our findings show that FF and FFA can be found in chicken claws at higher concentrations than in muscle and liver samples at each sampling point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Pokrant
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Av. Santa Rosa, 11735 La Pintana, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Ricardo Riquelme
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Av. Santa Rosa, 11735 La Pintana, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Aldo Maddaleno
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Av. Santa Rosa, 11735 La Pintana, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Betty San Martín
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Av. Santa Rosa, 11735 La Pintana, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Javiera Cornejo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Av. Santa Rosa, 11735 La Pintana, Santiago, Chile.
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Yang F, Yang F, Kong T, Wang G, Bai D, Liu B. Pharmacokinetics of florfenicol and its metabolite florfenicol amine in crucian carp (Carassius auratus) at three temperatures after one single intramuscular injection. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2018; 41:739-745. [PMID: 29892973 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The pharmacokinetic profiles of florfenicol (FF) or florfenicol amine (FFA) in crucian carp were compared at different water temperatures after single intramuscular administration of FF at 10 mg/kg bodyweight. The concentrations of FF and FFA were determined by a high-performance liquid chromatography method, and then, the concentration versus time data were subjected to compartmental analysis using a one-compartment open model. At the water temperatures of 10, 20, and 25°C, the peak concentrations (Cmax s) of FF were 2.28, 2.29, and 2.34 μg/ml, respectively, while those of FFA were 0.42, 0.71, and 0.82 μg/ml, respectively. And the absorption half-life (t1/2ka ) of FF was 0.21, 0.19, and 0.21 hr, while the elimination half-life (t1/2kel ) was 31.66, 24.77, and 21.48 hr, respectively. For FFA, the formation half-life (t1/2kf ) was 3.85, 8.97, and 12.43 hr, while the t1/2kel was 58.34, 30.27, and 21.22 hr, respectively. The results presented here demonstrated that the water temperature had effects on the elimination of both FF and FFA and the formation of FFA. Based on the T > MIC values calculated here, to treat the infections of bacterial with MIC value ≤ 0.5 μg/ml, FF intramuscularly given at 10 mg/kg bodyweight with a 72-hr interval is sufficient at the water temperature of 10°C, while the intervals of 60 and 48 hr were needed at 20 and 25°C, respectively. But to treat bacterial with higher MIC values, more FF or FF at 10 mg/kg BW but with shorter intervals should be intramuscularly given to the infected fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.,Key Disciplines Open Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Products Safety, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Fang Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Tao Kong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.,Key Disciplines Open Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Products Safety, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Guoyong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.,Jiangxi Bolai Pharmacy Co., Ltd., Jiujiang, China
| | - Dongying Bai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Baobao Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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Budd C, Flanagan C, Gillett A, Hanger J, Loader JJ, Govendir M. Assessment of florfenicol as a possible treatment for chlamydiosis in koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus). Aust Vet J 2017; 95:343-349. [PMID: 28845567 DOI: 10.1111/avj.12617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Because of limited availability of chloramphenicol to veterinary suppliers, a preliminary study was performed to predict whether an analogue, florfenicol, is an efficacious treatment for chlamydiosis in koalas. METHODS Florfenicol was administered to koalas with naturally occurring chlamydiosis at 20 mg/kg SC (n = 3) and at 5 mg/kg (n = 3) and 10 mg/kg (n = 3) IV. The estimated areas under the plasma concentration versus time curves (AUC) were compared with the minimum inhibitory concentration to inhibit Chlamydia pecorum. Clinical data were also examined from field trials conducted on koalas (n = 19) with naturally occurring chlamydiosis and treated with florfenicol at a range of dosages (5-20 mg/kg SC and 6-15 mg/kg IV). Florfenicol binding to proteins in plasma was also determined. RESULTS Florfenicol was not detectable in plasma 24 h post-administration at 20 mg/kg SC. The estimated AUC0-24 h following administration at 10 mg/kg IV suggests florfenicol might be effective against Chlamydia spp. via this route. Florfenicol binding to plasma proteins was 13.0% (± 0.30 SEM). After treatment with florfenicol in field trials, 5 of 19 koalas (26%) were released without further treatment, 4 with no long-term follow-up; 6 (32%) required additional treatment with chloramphenicol to resolve chlamydiosis; 7 (36%) failed to clinically improve, of which 3 had clinical signs and/or necropsy findings suggestive of antibiotic-related gastrointestinal dysbiosis; another koala died within minutes of florfenicol administered IV at 7 mg/kg. CONCLUSION When administered at dosages tolerable in the field, florfenicol is a problematic treatment for chlamydiosis based on equivocal outcomes and plasma concentrations below those that inhibit the pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Budd
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - C Flanagan
- Port Macquarie Koala Hospital, Port Macquarie, New South Wales, Australia
| | - A Gillett
- Australia Zoo Wildlife Hospital, Beerwah, Queensland, Australia
| | - J Hanger
- Endeavour Veterinary Ecology, Toorbul, Queensland, Australia
| | - J J Loader
- Endeavour Veterinary Ecology, Toorbul, Queensland, Australia
| | - M Govendir
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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15
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Cornejo J, Pokrant E, Riquelme R, Briceño C, Maddaleno A, Araya-Jordán C, San Martin B. Single-laboratory validation of an LC-MS/MS method for determining florfenicol (FF) and florfenicol amine (FFA) residues in chicken feathers and application to a residue-depletion study. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2016; 34:469-476. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2016.1267876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Cornejo
- Preventive Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - E. Pokrant
- Preventive Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - R. Riquelme
- Preventive Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - C. Briceño
- Preventive Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - A. Maddaleno
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - C. Araya-Jordán
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - B. San Martin
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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16
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Pérez-Fernández R, Cazanga V, Jeldres JA, Silva PP, Riquelme J, Quiroz F, Palma C, Carretta MD, Burgos RA. Plasma and tissue disposition of florfenicol in Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxaemic sheep. Xenobiotica 2016; 47:408-415. [PMID: 27378216 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2016.1195522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
1. The purpose of this study was to understand the effects of the acute inflammatory response (AIR) induced by Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on florfenicol (FFC) and FFC-amine (FFC-a) plasma and tissue concentrations. 2. Ten Suffolk Down sheep, 60.5 ± 4.7 kg, were distributed into two experimental groups: group 1 (LPS) treated with three intravenous doses of 1 μg/kg bw of LPS at 24, 16, and 0.75 h (45 min) before FFC treatment; group 2 (Control) was treated with saline solution (SS) in parallel to group 1. An IM dose of 20 mg FFC/kg was administered at 0.75 h after the last injection of LPS or SS. Blood and tissue samples were taken after FFC administration. 3. The plasma AUC0-4 h values of FFC were higher (p = 0.0313) in sheep treated with LPS (21.8 ± 2.0 μg·min/mL) compared with the control group (12.8 ± 2.3 μg·min/mL). Lipopolysaccharide injections increased FFC concentrations in kidneys, spleen, and brain. Low levels of plasma FFC-a were observed in control sheep (Cmax = 0.14 ± 0.01 μg/mL) with a metabolite ratio (MR) of 4.0 ± 0.87%. While in the LPS group, Cmax increased slightly (0.25 ± 0.01 μg/mL), and MR decreased to 2.8 ± 0.17%. 4. The changes observed in the plasma and tissue concentrations of FFC were attributed to the pathophysiological effects of LPS on renal hemodynamics that modified tissue distribution and reduced elimination of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Pérez-Fernández
- a Laboratorio de Farmacología , Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción , Chillán , Chile and
| | - Victoria Cazanga
- a Laboratorio de Farmacología , Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción , Chillán , Chile and
| | - Jessie Ana Jeldres
- a Laboratorio de Farmacología , Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción , Chillán , Chile and
| | - Pedro P Silva
- a Laboratorio de Farmacología , Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción , Chillán , Chile and
| | - José Riquelme
- a Laboratorio de Farmacología , Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción , Chillán , Chile and
| | - Fernando Quiroz
- a Laboratorio de Farmacología , Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción , Chillán , Chile and
| | - Cristina Palma
- a Laboratorio de Farmacología , Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción , Chillán , Chile and
| | - Maria D Carretta
- b Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile , Valdivia , Chile
| | - Rafael A Burgos
- b Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile , Valdivia , Chile
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Pérez R, Palma C, Burgos R, Jeldres JA, Espinoza A, Peñailillo AK. The acute phase response induced by Escherichia coli
lipopolysaccharide modifies the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of florfenicol in rabbits. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2015; 39:183-90. [DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Pérez
- Laboratorio de Farmacología; Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Universidad de Concepción; Chillán Chile
| | - C. Palma
- Laboratorio de Farmacología; Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Universidad de Concepción; Chillán Chile
| | - R. Burgos
- Instituto de Farmacología. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Universidad Austral de Chile; Valdivia Chile
| | - J. A. Jeldres
- Laboratorio de Farmacología; Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Universidad de Concepción; Chillán Chile
| | - A. Espinoza
- Laboratorio de Farmacología; Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Universidad de Concepción; Chillán Chile
| | - A. K. Peñailillo
- Laboratorio de Farmacología; Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Universidad de Concepción; Chillán Chile
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Liu C, Wang SJ, Zhang Q, Shao YX. Influence of three coccidiostats on the pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in rabbits. Exp Anim 2014; 64:73-9. [PMID: 25319758 PMCID: PMC4329518 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.14-0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In-feed Medication has been used for a long time to prevent coccidiosis, a worldwide
protozoal disease in rabbits. Florfenicol (FFC) has been widely used in veterinary clinics
for bacterial diseases treatment. Therefore, the use of combinations of coccidiostats with
FFC in rabbits is common. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of three
coccidiostats, sulfaquinoxaline (SUL), robenidine (ROB), and toltrazuril (TOL), as feed
additives on the pharmacokinetic profile of FFC in rabbits. The disposition kinetics of
FFC in rabbits were investigated after a single intravenous injection (25 mg/kg) in
rabbits fed anticoccidial-free diets or feeds containing SUL (250 ppm), ROB (66 ppm), or
TOL (2 ppm), respectively, for 20 days. Plasma FFC concentrations were determined by the
high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. The pharmacokinetic parameters of
FFC were analyzed using a non-compartmental analysis based on the statistical moment
theory. The results demonstrated that ROB feeding resulted in an obvious decrease in
plasma FFC level as compared with anticoccidial-free feeding. The terminal elimination
half-life (t1/2z), area under the concentration–time curve
(AUC), area under the first moment curve (AUMC), and
mean residence time (MRT) significantly decreased, whereas the
elimination rate constant (λz) and total body clearance
(CLz) obviously increased in rabbits pretreated with ROB.
However, we did not find that SUL or TOL feeding had any effect on the pharmacokinetic
profile of FFC. Our findings suggested that more attention should be paid to the use of
FFC in rabbits supplemented with ROB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Liu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Nantong University, Nantong, P.R. China
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PALMA C, RAMÍREZ J, BENAVENTE A, CAZANGA V, VENEGAS M, PÉREZ R. Pharmacokinetics of florfenicol and florfenicol-amine after intravenous administration in sheep. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2011; 35:508-11. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2011.01357.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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LIU N, GUO M, MO F, SUN YH, YUAN Z, CAO LH, JIANG SX. Involvement of P-glycoprotein and cytochrome P450 3A in the metabolism of florfenicol of rabbits. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2011; 35:202-5. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2011.01310.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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ZHAO HY, ZHANG GH, BAI L, ZHU S, SHAN Q, ZENG DP, SUN YX. Pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in crucian carp (Carassius auratus cuvieri) after a single intramuscular or oral administration. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2011; 34:460-3. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2011.01273.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Kim EY, Gebru E, Lee JS, Kim JC, Park SC. Pharmacokinetics of a florfenicol-tylosin combination after intravenous and intramuscular administration to beagle dogs. J Vet Med Sci 2010; 73:463-6. [PMID: 21068517 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.10-0243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A pharmacokinetic study of a commercial florfenicol-tylosin (2:1) combination product was conducted in six beagle dogs after intravenous (IV) and intramuscular (IM) administration at doses of 10 mg/kg (florfenicol) and 5 mg/kg (tylosin). Serum drug concentrations were determined by a validated high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using UV detection. A rapid and nearly complete absorption of both drugs with a mean IM bioavailability of 103.9% (florfenicol) and 92.6% (tylosin), prolonged elimination half-life, and high tissue penetration with steady state volume of distribution of 2.63 l/kg (florfenicol) and 1.98 l/kg (tylosin) were observed. Additional studies, including pharmacodynamic and toxicological evaluation are required before recommendations can be made regarding the clinical application of the product in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Young Kim
- Gyeongbuk Veterinary Service Laboratory, Daegu 702–210, Republic of Korea
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23
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Pharmacokinetics of florfenicol after intravenous and intramuscular administration in New Zealand White rabbits. Res Vet Sci 2009; 87:102-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2008.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2008] [Revised: 10/06/2008] [Accepted: 10/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Gilliam JN, Streeter RN, Papich MG, Washburn KE, Payton ME. Pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in serum and synovial fluid after regional intravenous perfusion in the distal portion of the hind limb of adult cows. Am J Vet Res 2008; 69:997-1004. [DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.69.8.997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Souza MJ, Greenacre CB, Cox SK. Pharmacokinetics of orally administered tramadol in domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Am J Vet Res 2008; 69:979-82. [DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.69.8.979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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