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Trinh THK, Nguyen PTM, Tran TT, Pawankar R, Pham DL. Profile of aeroallergen sensitizations in allergic patients living in southern Vietnam. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2023; 3:1058865. [PMID: 36686965 PMCID: PMC9845898 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2022.1058865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Climatic and geographical characteristics may alter the plant distribution and thereby the patterns of allergens. Objective To evaluate the profile of allergen sensitization in patients in southern Vietnam and its association with allergic diseases. Methods We collected data of 423 patients who visited the Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center, Vietnam from 2014 to 2021, from their medical records. Patients underwent skin prick tests to the 12 most common aeroallergens. Clinical evaluation and diagnosis of allergic diseases was done in consert with their allergen sensitization status. Results Mites and cockroach were the most prevalent sensitizing allergens, with the sensitization prevalences as followed: Dermatophagoides farinae (Df) (59.8%), Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp) (50.4%), Blomica tropicalis (Bt) (49.6%), storage mites mix (10.4%), and cockroach (10.2%). Sensitization to Df was more predominant in males than in females (66% vs 54.1%). Dp-sensitized patients were younger than non-sensitized patients (29.01 ± 13.60 vs. 32.17 ± 14.89) whereas storage mites-sensitized patients were older than the non-sensitized groups (36.25 ± 13.53 vs. 28.76 ± 13.39) (p < 0.05 for all). A considerable proportion of patients with urticaria, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis were sensitized to mites. Polysensitization to different species of house dust mites (Dp, Df) and storage mites (Bt) was prevalent among patients sensitized to any kind of mites. Conclusions Among people living in southern Vietnam, HDM mites, and cockroach were the predominant allergens. Further studies on the factors regulating the association between allergen sensitization with allergic diseases and polysensitization are crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tu HK Trinh
- Center for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Phuong TM Nguyen
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tai T Tran
- Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ruby Pawankar
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Duy L Pham
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam,Correspondence: Duy Le Pham
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Pham DL, Trinh THK, Le KM, Pawankar R. Characteristics of allergen profile, sensitization patterns and Allergic Rhinitis in SouthEast Asia. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 22:137-142. [PMID: 35152227 DOI: 10.1097/aci.0000000000000814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To highlight the characteristics of allergic rhinitis, local allergic rhinitis (LAR), and importance of allergens in Southeast Asian countries. RECENT FINDINGS The Asia-Pacific region is very diverse with disparities in the epidemiological data between countries as well as in the unmet needs. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis has markedly increased in the past decades, with a high variation between countries, ranging from 4.5--80.3%. In terms of LAR, the reported prevalence in Southeast Asia is similar to that of other Asian countries (3.7-24.9%) but lower than that in western countries. House dust mites, cockroach, pollens, and molds are major allergens that are known triggers for of allergic rhinitis in this region, whereas the association with helminth infection requires further investigation. SUMMARY There are gaps and high variation between countries in Southeast Asia regarding the prevalence of allergic rhinitis and LAR. Further studies are needed to fully elucidate the association between allergens and allergic rhinitis in Southeast Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tu Hoang Kim Trinh
- Center for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Kieu Minh Le
- Center for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ruby Pawankar
- Department of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
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Le TTK, Nguyen DH, Vu ATL, Ruethers T, Taki AC, Lopata AL. A cross-sectional, population-based study on the prevalence of food allergies among children in two different socio-economic regions of Vietnam. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2019; 30:348-355. [PMID: 30793379 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a paucity of data on the prevalence of food allergy (FA) in Vietnam. A cross-sectional, population-based study was conducted to evaluate the current prevalence of FA among 2- to 6-year-old children in two different regions in Vietnam. METHOD A structured, anonymous questionnaire, modified from published FA epidemiologic studies and based on EAACI guidelines, was distributed to parents/guardians of participating children in Hue City (urban area) and Tien Giang Province (rural area). Data collected from the survey were statistically analyzed to generate the prevalence of self-reported and doctor-diagnosed FA and overarching pattern of food allergens. RESULTS A total of 8620 responses were collected (response rate 81.5%). Children in Tien Giang reported more than twice the food-induced adverse reactions seen in children in Hue (47.8% vs. 20.5%). In contrast, children in Hue showed higher self-reported FA (9.8%) and doctor-diagnosed FA rates (8.4%) than children in Tien Giang (7.9% and 5.0%, respectively). Crustacean was the predominant allergy-inducing food in both areas (330 of 580 cases, 56.9%), followed by fish, mollusk, beef, milk, and egg. However, substantial variations of FA patterns were seen between the study sites. Geographic location and co-morbidities of other allergic diseases were key risk factors for FA (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of FA in Vietnamese children seems to be higher than previously reported from other Asian countries. Crustacean is the predominant allergy-inducing food among participating preschool children in Vietnam. The variation of reported food allergen sources across different socio-economic locations could imply different eating habits or the participation of indoor and outdoor allergen exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thu T K Le
- Molecular Allergy Research Laboratory, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia.,Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia
| | | | - An T L Vu
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Nong Lam University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thimo Ruethers
- Molecular Allergy Research Laboratory, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia.,Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia.,Centre for Food and Allergy Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Aya C Taki
- Molecular Allergy Research Laboratory, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia.,Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia.,Centre for Food and Allergy Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Andreas L Lopata
- Molecular Allergy Research Laboratory, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia.,Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia.,Centre for Food and Allergy Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Vic, Australia
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Chu HT, Godin I, Phương NT, Nguyen LH, Hiep TTM, Xuan NM, Corazza F, Michel O. Evaluation of skin prick test to screen dust mite sensitization in chronic respiratory diseases in Southern Vietnam. Asia Pac Allergy 2018; 8:e39. [PMID: 30402406 PMCID: PMC6209603 DOI: 10.5415/apallergy.2018.8.e39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the view of the epidemic growth of sensitization to indoor allergens in Southern Vietnam, there is a requirement to screen large population. Objective To evaluate skin prick tests (SPTs) as predictors of positive specific IgE (sIgE) to dust allergens, among patients with chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs). Methods The sensitization to Blomia tropicalis (Blo t), Dermatophagoides pteronissinus (Der p), and Blattella germanica allergens (Bla g) were evaluated among 610 CRD, both SPT (≥4 mm) and sIgE by immuno-CAP (≥0.7 kUA/L). Results Based on sIgE, 45%, 32%, and 33% of patients with CRD were sensitized to Blo t, Der p, and Bla g, respectively, compared to 19%, 18%, and 13% by SPT. The association between SPT and sIgE was statistically significant, though the Kappa factor was fair (i.e., 0.39 to 0.23). While the specificity of SPT to detect sensitization (compared to sIgE) was >90% among the whole population, the sensitivity was only 34%, 41%, and 24% for Bo t, Der p, and Bla g, suggesting that SPT was not enough sensitive to screen the indoor allergen sensitization. Though, among the <10 pack-year (PY) smokers, the sensitivity was 43% for Blo t, 52% for Der p, and 61% for Blo t and/or Der p, compared to 27%, 30%, and 35% among the ≥10 PY smokers. The sensitivity/specificity was not associated with the diagnosis of asthma compared to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Conclusion In the present circumstance, SPT to dust mites allergens can be used to detect a sensitization among CRD population in Southern Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Thi Chu
- Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Isabelle Godin
- School of Public Health, Université Libre de Bruxelles - ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Tran Thi Mong Hiep
- Department of Paediatrics, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ngo Minh Xuan
- Department of Paediatrics, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Francis Corazza
- Clinic of Immuno-allergology, CHU Brugmann - ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier Michel
- Laboratory of Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles - ULB, Brussels, Belgium
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Lâm HTFST, Ekerljung L, T Formula See Text Ng NFSTNV, Rönmark E, Larsson K, Lundbäck B. Prevalence of COPD by disease severity in men and women in northern Vietnam. COPD 2014; 11:575-81. [PMID: 24867392 DOI: 10.3109/15412555.2014.898039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of COPD and its risk factor pattern varies between different areas of the world. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of COPD by disease severity in men and women and risk factors for COPD in northern Vietnam. From all 5782 responders to a questionnaire survey, a randomly selected sample of 1500 subjects was invited to a clinical follow-up study. The methods included a structured interview using a modified GA2LEN study questionnaire for registration of symptoms and possible determinants of disease. Spirometry was performed before and after bronchodilation. The age distribution of the sample was 23-72 years. Of 684 subjects attending, 565 completed acceptable spirometric measurements. The prevalence of COPD defined by the GOLD criteria was 7.1%; in men 10.9% and in women 3.9% (p = 0.002). Of those 3.4% had a mild disease, 2.8% a moderate and 0.9% a severe disease. In ages >50 years, 23.5% of men and 6.8% of women had COPD. Among smokers aged >60 years (all men), 47.8% had COPD. None of the women with COPD had been smokers. Increasing age, smoking and male sex were the dominating risk factors, although male sex lost its significance in a multivariate setting. The prevalence of COPD among adults in northern Vietnam was 7.1% and was considerably higher among men than women. The prevalence increased considerably with age. Increasing age and smoking, the latter among men only, were the most important determinants of COPD.
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Lâm HT, Ekerljung L, Bjerg A, Văn T Tng N, Lundbäck B, Rönmark E. Sensitization to airborne allergens among adults and its impact on allergic symptoms: a population survey in northern Vietnam. Clin Transl Allergy 2014; 4:6. [PMID: 24512828 PMCID: PMC3923743 DOI: 10.1186/2045-7022-4-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The knowledge about allergic sensitization and its relationship with clinical symptoms and diseases among adults in South-East Asia is poor. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and pattern of allergic sensitization and the association with asthma and allergic rhinitis in adults in urban and rural Vietnam. Methods Among 5,782 responders to a questionnaire survey in northern Vietnam, a random sample was invited to a clinical follow-up and 684 (46%) participated. The methods included a structured interview using a modified GA2LEN study questionnaire on symptoms and possible determinants for diseases. Skin prick test (SPT) with ten common airborne indoor and outdoor allergens, lung function test, and methacholine test was performed among subjects ≤60 years of age. Results In total, one third of subjects had a positive SPT reaction to at least one allergen, 36.9% of men and 31.0% of women (n.s.). The most common sensitizer was the storage mite B. tropicalis (men 27.7%; women 18.7%) followed by house dust mite D. pteronyssinus (men 16.5%; women 10.6%), and D. farinae (men 15.3%; women 6.3%), and cockroach (men 16.5%; women 10.2%). Sensitization to all major allergens were significantly more common among men and among subjects ≤45 years compared with women and subjects >45 years, respectively. The prevalence of sensitization to animals, pollen and molds were low. The majority of cockroach-sensitized subjects were also sensitized to mites. Sensitization to any allergen and all major allergens were significantly associated with rhinitis, but not with asthma. However, bronchial hyper-reactivity was significantly associated with increasing number of positive SPTs (p = 0.047). Conclusions Among adults in northern Vietnam sensitization to mite and cockroach most common in both rural and urban areas. The dominant sensitizer was the storage mite B. tropicalis, which should be included in future studies and also in clinical practice, owing to its association with clinical symptoms. As in the Western world allergic sensitization was associated with rhinitis and bronchial hyper-reactivity. The lack of association with asthma in South-East Asia needs to be studied further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoàng Thị Lâm
- Department of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
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Warm K, Lindberg A, Lundbäck B, Rönmark E. Increase in sensitization to common airborne allergens among adults - two population-based studies 15 years apart. ALLERGY, ASTHMA, AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CANADIAN SOCIETY OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 9:20. [PMID: 23758681 PMCID: PMC3684537 DOI: 10.1186/1710-1492-9-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on time trends of allergic sensitization among adults are rare. The aim of the study was to compare the prevalence of allergic sensitization to common airborne allergens among adults 15 years apart and to identify risk factors for allergic sensitization. METHODS Clinical examinations including skin prick test (SPT) and structured interviews were performed in two random population samples in 1994 and 2009. Furthermore, specific IgE was analyzed in 2009. SPT data were available for 483 subjects in 1994 and for 463 subjects in 2009 in ages 20-60 years. Specific IgE was analyzed in 692 subjects in ages 20-79 years. RESULTS Sensitization to cat (16% to 26%, p < 0.001), dog (13% to 25%, p < 0.001), birch (13% to 18%, p = 0.031) and timothy (12% to 21%, p < 0.001), based on SPT, increased significantly from 1994 to 2009. Sensitization to any positive SPT increased from 35% to 39%, p = 0.13.The proportion of having ≥3 positive SPT reactions increased from 40% to 56%, p = 0.002. The sensitization pattern yielded similar results based on specific IgE. Risk factors for allergic sensitization were having a family history of allergy (OR 3.1, 95% CI 2.0-4.8 for any positive SPT; OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.8-4.0 for any elevated IgE) and urban living (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.0-2.7; OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.0-2.4). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of allergic sensitization to major airborne allergens as well as multi-sensitization increased significantly between the study years. Young age, a family history of allergy and urban living were significant risk factors for allergic sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Warm
- The OLIN studies, Norrbotten County Council, Robertsviksgatan 9, Luleå, S-971 89, Sweden
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sunderby Central Hospital of Norrbotten, Luleå, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anne Lindberg
- The OLIN studies, Norrbotten County Council, Robertsviksgatan 9, Luleå, S-971 89, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Bo Lundbäck
- The OLIN studies, Norrbotten County Council, Robertsviksgatan 9, Luleå, S-971 89, Sweden
- Institute of Medicine/Krefting Research Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Rönmark
- The OLIN studies, Norrbotten County Council, Robertsviksgatan 9, Luleå, S-971 89, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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