1
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Jain P, Badger DB, Liang Y, Gebhard AW, Santiago D, Murray P, Kaulagari SR, Gauthier TJ, Nair R, Kumar M, Guida WC, Hazlehurst LA, McLaughlin ML. Bioactivity improvement via display of the hydrophobic core of
HYD1
in a cyclic
β‐hairpin
‐like scaffold,
MTI
‐101. Pept Sci (Hoboken) 2020; 113:e24199. [PMID: 35859761 PMCID: PMC9285608 DOI: 10.1002/pep2.24199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
HYD1 is an all D‐amino acid linear 10‐mer peptide that was discovered by one‐bead‐one‐compound screening. HYD1 has five hydrophobic amino acids flanked by polar amino acids. Alanine scanning studies showed that alternating hydrophobic amino acid residues and N‐ and C‐terminal lysine side chains were contributors to the biological activity of the linear 10‐mer analogs. This observation led us to hypothesize that display of the hydrophobic pentapeptide sequence of HYD1 in a cyclic beta‐hairpin‐like scaffold could lead to better bioavailability and biological activity. An amphipathic pentapeptide sequence was used to form an antiparallel strand and those strands were linked via dipeptide‐like sequences selected to promote β‐turns. Early cyclic analogs were more active but otherwise mimicked the biological activity of the linear HYD1 peptide. The cyclic peptidomimetics were synthesized using standard Fmoc solid phase synthesis to form linear peptides, followed by solution phase or on‐resin cyclization. SAR studies were carried out with an aim to increase the potency of these drug candidates for the killing of multiple myeloma cells in vitro. The solution structures of 1, 5, and 10 were elucidated using NMR spectroscopy. 1H NMR and 2D TOCSY studies of these peptides revealed a downfield Hα proton chemical shift and 2D NOE spectral analysis consistent with a β‐hairpin‐like structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyesh Jain
- Department of Chemistry University of South Florida Tampa Florida USA
- Drug Discovery Department H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute Tampa Florida USA
- Modulation Therapeutics Incorporated Morgantown West Virginia USA
| | - David B. Badger
- Department of Chemistry University of South Florida Tampa Florida USA
- Drug Discovery Department H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute Tampa Florida USA
| | - Yi Liang
- Department of Chemistry University of South Florida Tampa Florida USA
| | - Anthony W. Gebhard
- Tumor Biology Department H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute Tampa Florida USA
| | - Daniel Santiago
- Department of Chemistry University of South Florida Tampa Florida USA
| | - Philip Murray
- Department of Chemistry University of South Florida Tampa Florida USA
| | - Sridhar R. Kaulagari
- Tumor Biology Department H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute Tampa Florida USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences West Virginia University Health Sciences Center Morgantown West Virginia USA
| | - Ted J. Gauthier
- Department of Chemistry University of South Florida Tampa Florida USA
| | - Rajesh Nair
- Tumor Biology Department H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute Tampa Florida USA
| | - MohanRaja Kumar
- Department of Chemistry University of South Florida Tampa Florida USA
| | - Wayne C. Guida
- Department of Chemistry University of South Florida Tampa Florida USA
- Drug Discovery Department H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute Tampa Florida USA
| | - Lori A. Hazlehurst
- Modulation Therapeutics Incorporated Morgantown West Virginia USA
- Tumor Biology Department H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute Tampa Florida USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences West Virginia University Health Sciences Center Morgantown West Virginia USA
| | - Mark L. McLaughlin
- Department of Chemistry University of South Florida Tampa Florida USA
- Tumor Biology Department H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute Tampa Florida USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences West Virginia University Health Sciences Center Morgantown West Virginia USA
- Department of Chemistry West Virginia University Morgantown West Virginia USA
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2
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Agouridas V, El Mahdi O, Diemer V, Cargoët M, Monbaliu JCM, Melnyk O. Native Chemical Ligation and Extended Methods: Mechanisms, Catalysis, Scope, and Limitations. Chem Rev 2019; 119:7328-7443. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vangelis Agouridas
- UMR CNRS 8204, Centre d’Immunité et d’Infection de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Ouafâa El Mahdi
- Faculté Polydisciplinaire de Taza, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, BP 1223 Taza Gare, Morocco
| | - Vincent Diemer
- UMR CNRS 8204, Centre d’Immunité et d’Infection de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Marine Cargoët
- UMR CNRS 8204, Centre d’Immunité et d’Infection de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Jean-Christophe M. Monbaliu
- Center for Integrated Technology and Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Liège, Building B6a, Room 3/16a, Sart-Tilman, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Oleg Melnyk
- UMR CNRS 8204, Centre d’Immunité et d’Infection de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
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3
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Snella B, Diemer V, Drobecq H, Agouridas V, Melnyk O. Native Chemical Ligation at Serine Revisited. Org Lett 2018; 20:7616-7619. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Snella
- University of Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, UMR CNRS 8204, Centre d’Immunité et d’Infection de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Vincent Diemer
- University of Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, UMR CNRS 8204, Centre d’Immunité et d’Infection de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Hervé Drobecq
- University of Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, UMR CNRS 8204, Centre d’Immunité et d’Infection de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Vangelis Agouridas
- University of Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, UMR CNRS 8204, Centre d’Immunité et d’Infection de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Oleg Melnyk
- University of Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, UMR CNRS 8204, Centre d’Immunité et d’Infection de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
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4
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Hostetler MA, Lipton MA. An Optimized Preparation of 1,1-Dimethylallyl Esters and Their Application to Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis. J Org Chem 2018; 83:7762-7770. [PMID: 29938510 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A one-step preparation of 1,1-dimethylallyl (DMA) esters was optimized for the C-terminal protection of a range of Fmoc-protected amino acids. This preparation is not sensitive to the scale of reaction and affords the corresponding DMA esters in 70-99% yield with high regioselectivity. Additionally, these DMA-protected amino acids were used with the backbone amide linker (BAL) of Albericio and Barany and found to resist diketopiperazine formation during the synthesis of a series of tripeptide esters. C-terminal DMA protection is compatible with the BAL linkage and allows for standard Fmoc-based methods to be used throughout the synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Hostetler
- Department of Chemistry and Cancer Center , Purdue University 560 Oval Drive , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907-2084 , United States
| | - Mark A Lipton
- Department of Chemistry and Cancer Center , Purdue University 560 Oval Drive , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907-2084 , United States
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5
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Agouridas V, El Mahdi O, Cargoët M, Melnyk O. A statistical view of protein chemical synthesis using NCL and extended methodologies. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:4938-4945. [PMID: 28578993 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Native chemical ligation and extended methodologies are the most popular chemoselective reactions for protein chemical synthesis. Their combination with desulfurization techniques can give access to small or challenging proteins that are exploited in a large variety of research areas. In this report, we have conducted a statistical review of their use for protein chemical synthesis in order to provide a flavor of the recent trends and identify the most popular chemical tools used by protein chemists. To this end, a protein chemical synthesis (PCS) database (http://pcs-db.fr) was created by collecting a set of relevant data from more than 450 publications covering the period 1994-2017. A preliminary account of what this database tells us is presented in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vangelis Agouridas
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8161 - M3T - Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Target Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | | | - Marine Cargoët
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8161 - M3T - Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Target Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Oleg Melnyk
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8161 - M3T - Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Target Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France.
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6
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Abstract
The present review offers an overview of nonclassical (e.g., with no pre- or in situ activation of a carboxylic acid partner) approaches for the construction of amide bonds. The review aims to comprehensively discuss relevant work, which was mainly done in the field in the last 20 years. Organization of the data follows a subdivision according to substrate classes: catalytic direct formation of amides from carboxylic and amines ( section 2 ); the use of carboxylic acid surrogates ( section 3 ); and the use of amine surrogates ( section 4 ). The ligation strategies (NCL, Staudinger, KAHA, KATs, etc.) that could involve both carboxylic acid and amine surrogates are treated separately in section 5 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Marcia de Figueiredo
- Institut Charles Gerhardt de Montpellier (ICGM), UMR 5253-CNRS-UM-ENSCM, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie , 8 rue de l'Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Jean-Simon Suppo
- Institut Charles Gerhardt de Montpellier (ICGM), UMR 5253-CNRS-UM-ENSCM, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie , 8 rue de l'Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Jean-Marc Campagne
- Institut Charles Gerhardt de Montpellier (ICGM), UMR 5253-CNRS-UM-ENSCM, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie , 8 rue de l'Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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7
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Wong CTT, Li T, Lam HY, Zhang Y, Li X. Realizing serine/threonine ligation: scope and limitations and mechanistic implication thereof. Front Chem 2014; 2:28. [PMID: 24904921 PMCID: PMC4033038 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2014.00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Serine/Threonine ligation (STL) has emerged as an alternative tool for protein chemical synthesis, bioconjugations as well as macrocyclization of peptides of various sizes. Owning to the high abundance of Ser/Thr residues in natural peptides and proteins, STL is expected to find a wide range of applications in chemical biology research. Herein, we have fully investigated the compatibility of the STL strategy for X-Ser/Thr ligation sites, where X is any of the 20 naturally occurring amino acids. Our studies have shown that 17 amino acids are suitable for ligation, while Asp, Glu, and Lys are not compatible. Among the working 17 C-terminal amino acids, the retarded reaction resulted from the bulky β-branched amino acid (Thr, Val, and Ile) is not seen under the current ligation condition. We have also investigated the chemoselectivity involving the amino group of the internal lysine which may compete with the N-terminal Ser/Thr for reaction with the C-terminal salicylaldehyde (SAL) ester aldehyde group. The result suggested that the free internal amino group does not adversely slow down the ligation rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarence T T Wong
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, China ; State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, China
| | - Tianlu Li
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, China ; State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, China
| | - Hiu Yung Lam
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, China ; State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, China
| | - Yinfeng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, China ; State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, China
| | - Xuechen Li
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, China ; State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, China ; Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation of The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen, China
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8
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Brust A, Schroeder CI, Alewood PF. High-Throughput Synthesis of Peptide α-Thioesters: A Safety Catch Linker Approach Enabling Parallel Hydrogen Fluoride Cleavage. ChemMedChem 2014; 9:1038-46. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201300524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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9
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Burlina F, Papageorgiou G, Morris C, White PD, Offer J. Insitu thioester formation for protein ligation using α-methylcysteine. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc52140k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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10
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Ollivier N, Raibaut L, Blanpain A, Desmet R, Dheur J, Mhidia R, Boll E, Drobecq H, Pira SL, Melnyk O. Tidbits for the synthesis ofbis(2-sulfanylethyl)amido (SEA) polystyrene resin, SEA peptides and peptide thioesters. J Pept Sci 2013; 20:92-7. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.2580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Ollivier
- UMR CNRS 8161; Pasteur Institute of Lille, Univ. Lille Nord de France; 1 rue du Pr Calmette 59021 Lille France
| | - Laurent Raibaut
- UMR CNRS 8161; Pasteur Institute of Lille, Univ. Lille Nord de France; 1 rue du Pr Calmette 59021 Lille France
| | - Annick Blanpain
- UMR CNRS 8161; Pasteur Institute of Lille, Univ. Lille Nord de France; 1 rue du Pr Calmette 59021 Lille France
| | - Rémi Desmet
- UMR CNRS 8161; Pasteur Institute of Lille, Univ. Lille Nord de France; 1 rue du Pr Calmette 59021 Lille France
| | - Julien Dheur
- UMR CNRS 8161; Pasteur Institute of Lille, Univ. Lille Nord de France; 1 rue du Pr Calmette 59021 Lille France
| | - Reda Mhidia
- UMR CNRS 8161; Pasteur Institute of Lille, Univ. Lille Nord de France; 1 rue du Pr Calmette 59021 Lille France
| | - Emmanuelle Boll
- UMR CNRS 8161; Pasteur Institute of Lille, Univ. Lille Nord de France; 1 rue du Pr Calmette 59021 Lille France
| | - Hervé Drobecq
- UMR CNRS 8161; Pasteur Institute of Lille, Univ. Lille Nord de France; 1 rue du Pr Calmette 59021 Lille France
| | - Silvain L. Pira
- UMR CNRS 8161; Pasteur Institute of Lille, Univ. Lille Nord de France; 1 rue du Pr Calmette 59021 Lille France
| | - Oleg Melnyk
- UMR CNRS 8161; Pasteur Institute of Lille, Univ. Lille Nord de France; 1 rue du Pr Calmette 59021 Lille France
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11
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Zhang Y, Xu C, Lam HY, Lee CL, Li X. Protein chemical synthesis by serine and threonine ligation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:6657-62. [PMID: 23569249 PMCID: PMC3637748 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1221012110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient method has been developed for the salicylaldehyde ester-mediated ligation of unprotected peptides at serine (Ser) or threonine (Thr) residues. The utility of this peptide ligation approach has been demonstrated through the convergent syntheses of two therapeutic peptides--ovine-corticoliberin and Forteo--and the human erythrocyte acylphosphatase protein (∼11 kDa). The requisite peptide salicylaldehyde ester precursor is prepared in an epimerization-free manner via Fmoc-solid-phase peptide synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinfeng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ci Xu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hiu Yung Lam
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Lung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuechen Li
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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12
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Hemantha HP, Narendra N, Sureshbabu VV. Total chemical synthesis of polypeptides and proteins: chemistry of ligation techniques and beyond. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.08.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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13
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Dheur J, Ollivier N, Vallin A, Melnyk O. Synthesis of Peptide Alkylthioesters Using the Intramolecular N,S-Acyl Shift Properties of Bis(2-sulfanylethyl)amido Peptides. J Org Chem 2011; 76:3194-202. [DOI: 10.1021/jo200029e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Dheur
- CNRS UMR 8161, Université Lille Nord de France, Institut Pasteur de Lille, IFR 142, 1 rue du Pr Calmette, 59021 Lille, France
| | - Nathalie Ollivier
- CNRS UMR 8161, Université Lille Nord de France, Institut Pasteur de Lille, IFR 142, 1 rue du Pr Calmette, 59021 Lille, France
| | - Aurélie Vallin
- CNRS UMR 8161, Université Lille Nord de France, Institut Pasteur de Lille, IFR 142, 1 rue du Pr Calmette, 59021 Lille, France
| | - Oleg Melnyk
- CNRS UMR 8161, Université Lille Nord de France, Institut Pasteur de Lille, IFR 142, 1 rue du Pr Calmette, 59021 Lille, France
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14
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Dheur J, Ollivier N, Melnyk O. Synthesis of Thiazolidine Thioester Peptides and Acceleration of Native Chemical Ligation. Org Lett 2011; 13:1560-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol2002804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Dheur
- CNRS UMR 8161, Univ Lille Nord de France, Institut Pasteur de Lille, IFR 142 Molecular and Cellular Medicine, 1 rue du Pr Calmette 59021 Lille Cedex, France
| | - Nathalie Ollivier
- CNRS UMR 8161, Univ Lille Nord de France, Institut Pasteur de Lille, IFR 142 Molecular and Cellular Medicine, 1 rue du Pr Calmette 59021 Lille Cedex, France
| | - Oleg Melnyk
- CNRS UMR 8161, Univ Lille Nord de France, Institut Pasteur de Lille, IFR 142 Molecular and Cellular Medicine, 1 rue du Pr Calmette 59021 Lille Cedex, France
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15
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Peptide and glycopeptide dendrimers and analogous dendrimeric structures and their biomedical applications. Amino Acids 2010; 40:301-70. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-010-0707-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2010] [Accepted: 07/15/2010] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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16
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Mullen DG, Weigel B, Barany G, Distefano MD. On-resin conversion of Cys(Acm)-containing peptides to their corresponding Cys(Scm) congeners. J Pept Sci 2010; 16:219-22. [PMID: 20401923 DOI: 10.1002/psc.1223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel G Mullen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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17
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Nakamura K, Kanao T, Uesugi T, Hara T, Sato T, Kawakami T, Aimoto S. Synthesis of peptide thioesters via an N-S acyl shift reaction under mild acidic conditions on an N-4,5-dimethoxy-2-mercaptobenzyl auxiliary group. J Pept Sci 2009; 15:731-7. [PMID: 19735084 DOI: 10.1002/psc.1164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
An efficient method of peptide thioester synthesis is described. The reaction is based on an N-4,5-dimethoxy-2-mercaptobenzyl (Dmmb) auxiliary-assisted N-S acyl shift reaction after assembling a peptide chain by Fmoc-solid phase peptide synthesis. The Dmmb-assisted N-S acyl shift reaction proceeded efficiently under mildly acidic conditions, and the peptide thioester was obtained by treating the resulting S-peptide with sodium 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate. No detectable epimerization of the amino acid residue adjacent to the thioester moiety in the case of Leu was found. The reactions were also amenable to the on-resin preparation of peptide thioesters. The utility was demonstrated by the synthesis of a 41-mer peptide thioester, a phosphorylated peptide thioester and a 33-mer peptide thioester containing a trimethylated lysine residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken'ichiroh Nakamura
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 3-2, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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18
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Sundararaju B, Achard M, Sharma GVM, Bruneau C. Ruthenium-catalyzed selective N ,N-diallylation- and N ,N ,O-triallylation of free amino acids. Org Biomol Chem 2009; 7:3906-9. [PMID: 19763288 DOI: 10.1039/b911097f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Selective N ,N-diallylation and N ,N, O-triallylation of free amino acids in the presence of catalytic amounts of RuCp*(MeCN)(3)PF(6) is reported. The crucial influence of the solvent makes these allylation reactions selectively possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basker Sundararaju
- UMR6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes, Sciences chimiques de Rennes, Catalyse et Organométalliques, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042, Rennes Cedex, France
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrik Boas
- National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Bulowsvej 27, DK-1790 Copenhagen, Denmark
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20
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Liebeskind L, Yang H, Li H. A Copper‐Catalyzed, pH‐Neutral Construction of High‐Enantiopurity Peptidyl Ketones from PeptidicS‐Acylthiosalicylamides in Air at Room Temperature. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200804524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lanny S. Liebeskind
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322 (USA), Fax: (+1) 404‐727‐6604
| | - Hao Yang
- Abbott Laboratories, GPRD, Process R&D, R450‐NCR13‐323A, 1401 Sheridan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064 (USA)
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322 (USA), Fax: (+1) 404‐727‐6604
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21
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Szewczuk LM, Tarrant MK, Cole PA. Protein phosphorylation by semisynthesis: from paper to practice. Methods Enzymol 2009; 462:1-24. [PMID: 19632467 DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(09)62001-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Deconvolution of specific phosphorylation events can be complicated by the reversibility of modification. Protein semisynthesis with phosphonate analogues offers an attractive approach to functional analysis of signaling pathways. In this technique, N- and C-terminal synthetic peptides containing nonhydrolyzable phosphonates at target residues can be ligated to recombinant proteins of interest. The resultant semisynthetic proteins contain site specific, stoichiometric phosphonate modifications and are completely resistant to phosphatases. Control of stoichiometry, specificity, and reversibility allows for complex signaling systems to be broken down into individual events and discretely examined. This chapter outlines the general methods and considerations for designing and carrying out phosphoprotein semisynthetic projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence M Szewczuk
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Liebeskind LS, Yang H, Li H. A copper-catalyzed, pH-neutral construction of high-enantiopurity peptidyl ketones from peptidic s-acylthiosalicylamides in air at room temperature. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:1417-21. [PMID: 19145620 PMCID: PMC2790066 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200804524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed transformation of peptidic thiol esters and boronic acids gives peptidyl ketones and takes place in DMF or DMF/H(2)O at room temperature in air (see scheme). This aerobic reaction only occurs at a thiol ester group capable of coordinating to Cu through its appendage on the sulfur center and is not hampered by racemization of the reactants or products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanny S Liebeskind
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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23
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Lelièvre D, Barta P, Aucagne V, Delmas AF. Preparation of peptide thioesters using Fmoc strategy through hydroxyl side chain anchoring. Tetrahedron Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.04.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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24
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Kajihara Y, Yoshihara A, Hirano K, Yamamoto N. Convenient synthesis of a sialylglycopeptide-thioester having an intact and homogeneous complex-type disialyl-oligosaccharide. Carbohydr Res 2006; 341:1333-40. [PMID: 16701588 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2006.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2006] [Revised: 04/10/2006] [Accepted: 04/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Access to glycopeptides with C-terminal thioester functionality is essential for the synthesis of large glycopeptides and glycoproteins through the use of native chemical ligation. Toward that end, we have developed a concise method for the synthesis of a glycopeptide thioester having an intact complex-type dibranched disialyl-oligosaccharide. The synthesis employed a coupling reaction between benzylthiol and a free carboxylic acid at the C-terminus of a glycopeptide in which the peptide side chains are protected. After construction of glycopeptide on the HMPB-PEGA resin through the Fmoc-strategy, the protected glycopeptide was released upon treatment with acetic acid/trifluoroethanol and then the C-terminal carboxylic acid was coupled with benzylthiol at -20 degrees C in DMF. For this coupling, PyBOP/DIPEA was found to be the best for the formation of the thioester, while avoiding racemization. Finally, the protecting groups were removed in good yield with 95% TFA, thus affording a glycopeptide-thioester having an intact and homogeneous complex-type disialyl-oligosaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Kajihara
- International Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Yokohama City University, 22-2, Seto, Yokohama 236-0027, Japan.
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25
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Ollivier N, Behr JB, El-Mahdi O, Blanpain A, Melnyk O. Fmoc solid-phase synthesis of peptide thioesters using an intramolecularn,S-acyl shift. Org Lett 2006; 7:2647-50. [PMID: 15957912 DOI: 10.1021/ol050776a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] We describe the Fmoc solid-phase synthesis of peptide thioesters based on the alkylation of the safety-catch sulfonamide linker with a protected 2-mercaptoethanol derivative. The thioester is generated on the solid phase after the peptide chain assembly as a consequence of an intramolecular N,S-acyl shift. Depending on the stability of the spacer separating the sulfonamide linker from the resin toward TFA, treatment of the peptidyl resin with TFA led to a soluble or supported deprotected thioester.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Ollivier
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille 2, UMR 8525 CNRS, 1 rue du Professeur Calmette, 59021 Lille Cedex, France
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26
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Dolphin GT. A designed well-folded monomeric four-helix bundle protein prepared by Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis and native chemical ligation. Chemistry 2006; 12:1436-47. [PMID: 16283689 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200500458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The design and total chemical synthesis of a monomeric native-like four-helix bundle protein is presented. The designed protein, GTD-Lig, consists of 90 amino acids and is based on the dimeric structure of the de novo designed helix-loop-helix GTD-43. GTD-Lig was prepared by the native chemical ligation strategy and the fragments (45 residues long) were synthesized by applying standard fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc) chemistry. The required peptide-thioester fragment was prepared by anchoring the free gamma-carboxy group of Fmoc-Glu-allyl to the solid phase. After chain elongation the allyl moiety was orthogonally removed and the resulting carboxy group was functionalized with a glycine-thioester followed by standard trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) cleavage to produce the unprotected peptide-thioester. The structure of the synthetic protein was examined by far- and near-UV circular dichroism (CD), sedimentation equilibrium ultracentrifugation, and NMR and fluorescence spectroscopy. The spectroscopic methods show a highly helical and native-like monomeric protein consistent with the design. Heat-induced unfolding was studied by tryptophan absorbance and far-UV CD. The thermal unfolding of GTD-Lig occurs in two steps; a cooperative transition from the native state to an intermediate state and thereafter by noncooperative melting to the unfolded state. The intermediate exhibits the properties of a molten globule such as a retained native secondary structure and a compact hydrophobic core. The thermodynamics of GuHCl-induced unfolding were evaluated by far-UV CD monitoring and the unfolding exhibited a cooperative transition that is well-fitted by a two-state mechanism from the native to the unfolded state. GTD-Lig clearly shows the characteristics of a native protein with a well-defined structure and typical unfolding transitions. The design and synthesis presented herein is of general applicability for the construction of large monomeric proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunnar T Dolphin
- LEDSS 5, Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
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27
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Schwarzer D, Cole PA. Protein semisynthesis and expressed protein ligation: chasing a protein's tail. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2005; 9:561-9. [PMID: 16226484 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2005.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2005] [Accepted: 09/30/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The adaptation of native chemical ligation to protein semisynthesis has become a powerful way to address problems in the analysis of protein structure and function. In particular, the exploitation of nature's inteins in expressed protein ligation is now a standard approach in the study of proteins. Site-specific incorporation of unnatural amino acids, biophysical probes and post-translational modifications in proteins have led to new insights into enzyme mechanisms, protein folding, ion channel function, translation and signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Schwarzer
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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