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de Oliveira Garcia Mateos S, Preiss L, Gonçalez TT, Di Lorenzo Oliveira C, Grebe E, Di Germanio C, Stone M, Amorim Filho L, Carneiro Proietti AB, Belisario AR, de Almeida-Neto C, Mendrone-Junior A, Loureiro P, Busch MP, Custer B, Cerdeira Sabino E. 10-year analysis of human immunodeficiency virus incidence in first-time and repeat donors in Brazil. Vox Sang 2020; 116:207-216. [PMID: 32996602 DOI: 10.1111/vox.13002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Incidence in first-time and repeat blood donors is an important measure of transfusion-transmitted HIV infection (TT-HIV) risk. This study assessed HIV incidence over time at four large blood centres in Brazil. MATERIALS AND METHODS Donations were screened and confirmed using serological assays for HIV from 2007 to 2016, and additionally screened by nucleic acid testing from 2011 forward. Limiting antigen (LAg) avidity testing was conducted on HIV seroreactive samples from first-time donors to classify whether an infection was recently acquired. We calculated incidence in first-time donors using the mean duration of recent infection and in repeat donors using classical methods. Time and demographic trends were assessed using Poisson regression. RESULTS Over the 10-year period, HIV incidence in first-time donors was highest in Recife (45·1/100 000 person-years (105 py)) followed by São Paulo (32·2/105 py) and then Belo Horizonte (23·3/105 py), and in repeat donors was highest in Recife (33·2/105 py), Belo Horizonte (27·5/105 py) and São Paulo (17·0/105 py). Results from Rio de Janeiro were available from 2013 to 2016 with incidence in first-time donors of 35·9/105 py and repeat donors from 2011 to 2016 of 29·2/105 py. Incidence varied by other donor demographics. When incidence was considered in 2-year intervals, no significant trend was evident. Overall residual risk of TT-HIV was 5·46 and 7·41 per million units of pRBC and FFP transfused, respectively. CONCLUSION HIV incidence in both first-time and repeat donors varied by region in Brazil. Clear secular trends were not evident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila de Oliveira Garcia Mateos
- Departamento de Moléstias Infecciosas e Parasitárias da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Hemotherapy, Hemorio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Liliana Preiss
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, RTI International, Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Eduard Grebe
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA.,University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Mars Stone
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Andre Rolim Belisario
- Department GDTC (Technical-Scientific Development Management), Hemominas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Cesar de Almeida-Neto
- Fundação Pró-Sangue Hemocentro de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Disciplina de Ciências Médicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Paula Loureiro
- Pernambuco University, Recife, Brazil.,Fundação Hemope/Hemocentro de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Michael P Busch
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA.,University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Brian Custer
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA.,University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ester Cerdeira Sabino
- Departamento de Moléstias Infecciosas e Parasitárias da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto de Medicina Tropical da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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2
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Estrada FGMD, Oliveira CDL, Sabino EC, Custer B, Gonçalez TT, Murphy EL, Teles D, Mendrone-Junior A, Witkin SS, de Almeida-Neto C. Are different motivations and social capital score associated with return behaviour among Brazilian voluntary non-remunerated blood donors? Transfus Med 2020; 30:255-262. [PMID: 32468690 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined the association between social capital score, motivator factors and demographic and donation characteristics and donor return at three Brazilian blood centres in Recife, São Paulo and Belo Horizonte. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 5974 donors were interviewed about motivation factors to donate and cognitive and structural social capital just before an effective donation in three Brazilians blood centres in 2009. We assessed the return to a new donation within 2 years for each of these donors. Demographic and donation characteristics, motivators and scores of social capital and their association with donors' return were assessed. RESULTS Overall, 3123 (52.3%) of the study subjects returned for a blood donation at least once. Predictors of donors' return were male gender (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.6, 1.3-1.9, for replacement and AOR = 1.3, 1.2-1.6, for community donors), previous donation (AOR = 2.7, 2.3-3.3, for replacement and AOR = 2.9, 2.5-3.5, for community donors) and high altruism (AOR = 1.3, 1.1-1.7, for replacement and AOR = 1.2, 1.0-1.5, for community donors). Altruism was the only motivator associated with return behaviour. Donors from Recife and São Paulo were more likely to return for replacement and/or for community donations than donors from Belo Horizonte. There was no association between social capital score and donor return behaviour. CONCLUSION The likelihood to return for a subsequent blood donation is dependent upon characteristics of individual donors and also varies in different regions of Brazil. However, social capital was not associated with the likelihood of return behaviour. A better understanding of altruistic categories and appeals may help to improve donor recruitment and retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda G M D Estrada
- Disciplina de Ciências Médicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ester C Sabino
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical da Universidade de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Moléstias Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Brian Custer
- Epidemiology and Health Policy Science, Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Thelma T Gonçalez
- Epidemiology and Health Policy Science, Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Edward L Murphy
- Epidemiology and Health Policy Science, Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Dahra Teles
- SPA - Urgência, Fundação de Hematologia e Hemoterapia de Pernambuco (HEMOPE), Recife, Brazil
| | - Alfredo Mendrone-Junior
- Diretoria Técnico Científica, Fundação Pró-Sangue-Hemocentro de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Steve S Witkin
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical da Universidade de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Cesar de Almeida-Neto
- Disciplina de Ciências Médicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Diretoria Técnico Científica, Fundação Pró-Sangue-Hemocentro de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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3
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Allain JP. Current approaches to increase blood donations in resource-limited countries. Transfus Med 2019; 29:297-310. [PMID: 31456255 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) suffer from chronic or seasonal blood shortage. The first review was published in 2007. METHODS The review of literature since 2005 presented here uncovered a fairly large number of articles justifying the grouping of blood donation issues into five geographical areas sharing common background. These are Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), Muslim countries, India, China/South East Asia and Latin America/Caribbean islands (LA&C). RESULTS SSA countries start collecting at 16-18 years of age in schools where female donors can be reached better than in other settings. Community-oriented culture favours family donors who need, similar to volunteer non-remunerated donors (VNRD), to be actively induced to repeat donation. Muslim countries share the contradiction of religion encouraging blood donation but restrain women from donating. The active involvement of religious leaders and the progressive easing of female participation are the keys to increasing blood donation. In India, 'social duty' is a major inducement to blood donation but also benefits and rewards. Ways of involving female donors by reducing the donation age to 16 years and providing donor education in schools need to be considered. In China and East Asia, the option of small-volume donation impairs blood collection without being justified by scientific evidence but is a concession to culture. Reducing the donation age would also help the supply. In LA&C, the concept of 'social capital' was developed as a complement or alternative to the theory of planned behaviour. CONCLUSIONS Strategies to improve blood donation and repeat donation should be innovative and adapted to local or regional culture and environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-P Allain
- Emeritus Professor of Transfusion Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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4
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Moura Vieira PC, Lamarão LM, de Miranda Corrêa AS, de Almeida NCC, Hermes de Castro RB, Palmeira MK, Burbano RR. Performance of mini-pool nucleic acid testing by studying diluted HIV NAT yield samples in a blood center of Brazil. Transfus Apher Sci 2018; 57:670-671. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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5
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Flôr CR, Baldoni NR, Aquino JA, Baldoni AO, Fabbro ALD, Figueiredo RC, Oliveira CDL. What is the association between social capital and diabetes mellitus? A systematic review. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2018; 12:601-605. [PMID: 29625913 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Social capital has been included as an element that could influence the self-perception of health, mortality and mental diseases. We systematically reviewed papers that studied the influence of social capital in the control of diabetes mellitus (DM). We included studies published up to Feb. 16, 2017, without restriction of time or year of publication. Quantitative studies were included since they presented one well-defined parameter to evaluate DM and specifically measured social capital. We used the PRISMA and STROBE guidelines to perform this review and to evaluate the quality of papers. Only three papers met the inclusion criteria. All studies adopted cross-sectional design. The population, the instruments used to measure social capital, and the statistical analysis were different among the papers. In conclusion, although social capital seems to be related to DM, more studies are necessary to understand which dimensions are more important in this association, if the association is the same at the individual or neighborhood level, and what kind of population in terms of education, poverty and culture would be more influenced by social capital in DM control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Rabelo Flôr
- Central-West Campus Dona Lindu, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Divinopolis, MG, Brazil; Group of Research in Epidemiology and Evaluation of New Technologies in Health, GPEANTS, UFSJ/CNPq, Brazil.
| | - Nayara Ragi Baldoni
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Jéssica Azevedo Aquino
- Central-West Campus Dona Lindu, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Divinopolis, MG, Brazil; Group of Research in Epidemiology and Evaluation of New Technologies in Health, GPEANTS, UFSJ/CNPq, Brazil.
| | - André Oliveira Baldoni
- Central-West Campus Dona Lindu, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Divinopolis, MG, Brazil; Group of Research in Epidemiology and Evaluation of New Technologies in Health, GPEANTS, UFSJ/CNPq, Brazil.
| | | | - Roberta Carvalho Figueiredo
- Central-West Campus Dona Lindu, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Divinopolis, MG, Brazil; Group of Research in Epidemiology and Evaluation of New Technologies in Health, GPEANTS, UFSJ/CNPq, Brazil.
| | - Cláudia Di Lorenzo Oliveira
- Central-West Campus Dona Lindu, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Divinopolis, MG, Brazil; Group of Research in Epidemiology and Evaluation of New Technologies in Health, GPEANTS, UFSJ/CNPq, Brazil.
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6
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de Vos AS, Lieshout-Krikke RW, Slot E, Cator EA, Janssen MP. A novel approach to detect test-seeking behaviour in the blood donor population: making the invisible visible. Vox Sang 2016; 111:274-280. [PMID: 27281653 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Individuals may donate blood in order to determine their infection status after exposure to an increased infection risk. Such test-seeking behaviour decreases transfusion safety. Instances of test seeking are difficult to substantiate as donors are unlikely to admit to such behaviour. However, manifestation in a population of repeat donors may be determined using statistical inference. MATERIALS AND METHODS Test-seeking donors would be highly motivated to donate following infection risk, influencing the timing of their donation. Donation intervals within 2005-2014 of all Dutch blood donors who acquired syphilis (N = 50), HIV (N = 13), HTLV (N = 4) or HCV (N = 2) were compared to donation intervals of uninfected blood donors (N = 7 327 836) using the Anderson-Darling test. We adjusted for length bias as well as for age, gender and donation type of the infected. Additionally, the power of the proposed method was investigated by simulation. RESULTS Among the Dutch donors who acquired infection, we found only a non-significant overrepresentation of short donation intervals (P = 0·54). However, we show by simulation that both relatively short and long donation intervals among infected donors can reveal test seeking. The power of the method is >90% if among 69 infected donors >35 (51%) are test seeking, or if among 320 infected donors >90 (30%) are test seeking. CONCLUSION We show how statistical analysis may be used to reveal the extent of test seeking in repeat blood donor populations. In the Dutch setting, indications for test-seeking behaviour were not statistically significant. This may, however, be due to the low number of infected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S de Vos
- Transfusion Technology Assessment Unit, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - R W Lieshout-Krikke
- Department of Blood-Borne Infections, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - E Slot
- Department of Blood-Borne Infections, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - E A Cator
- Institute of Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - M P Janssen
- Transfusion Technology Assessment Unit, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. .,Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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Moreno EC, Bolina-Santos E, Mendes-Oliveira F, Miranda C, Sabino EC, Cioffi JGM, Camargos V, Caiaffa W, Xavier CC, Proietti FA, de Freitas Carneiro-Proietti AB. Blood donation in a large urban centre of southeast Brazil: a population-based study. Transfus Med 2016; 26:39-48. [DOI: 10.1111/tme.12285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. C. Moreno
- Research Division; Fundação Centro de Hematologia de Minas Gerais (HEMOMINAS); Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - E. Bolina-Santos
- Research Division; Fundação Centro de Hematologia de Minas Gerais (HEMOMINAS); Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - F. Mendes-Oliveira
- Research Division; Fundação Centro de Hematologia de Minas Gerais (HEMOMINAS); Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - C. Miranda
- Research Division; Fundação Centro de Hematologia de Minas Gerais (HEMOMINAS); Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - E. C. Sabino
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); São Paulo Brazil
| | - J. G. M. Cioffi
- Research Division; Fundação Centro de Hematologia de Minas Gerais (HEMOMINAS); Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - V. Camargos
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva e Social; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - W. Caiaffa
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva e Social; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - C. C. Xavier
- Faculdade de Saúde e Ecologia Humana (FASEH); Vespasiano Brazil
| | - F. A. Proietti
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva e Social; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Brazil
- Faculdade de Saúde e Ecologia Humana (FASEH); Vespasiano Brazil
| | - A. B. de Freitas Carneiro-Proietti
- Research Division; Fundação Centro de Hematologia de Minas Gerais (HEMOMINAS); Belo Horizonte Brazil
- Faculdade de Saúde e Ecologia Humana (FASEH); Vespasiano Brazil
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8
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Mendes-Oliveira F, Bolina-Santos E, Salomon T, Miranda C, Cioffi J, Sabino E, Barbosa-Stancioli E, Moreno E, Carneiro-Proietti AB. Hepatitis C: Prevalence of serologic markers and risk factors in blood donors at a large blood centre in South-eastern Brazil (2007-2010). Transfus Apher Sci 2015; 53:238-41. [PMID: 26138911 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the trends of HCV seropositivity rates in first time blood donors from a reference blood centre in Southeast Brazil. Data from the period of 2007-2010 were analysed according to anti-HCV antibodies, donor demographic characteristics and type of donation. There was a marked and continuous decline in prevalence in the analysed period, and in 93,534 first time donors, the prevalence of anti-HCV was 0.09%. Anti-HCV were associated with less education and older age (≥ 35 years). The rates of anti-HCV observed in the present study were lower than in Brazil, but considerably higher than developed countries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Júnia Cioffi
- Fundação Hemominas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ester Sabino
- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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9
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10
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Loureiro P, de Almeida-Neto C, Proietti ABC, Capuani L, Gonçalez TT, de Oliveira CDL, Leão SC, Lopes MI, Sampaio D, Patavino GM, Ferreira JE, Blatyta PF, Duarte Lopes ME, Mendrone-Junior A, Salles NA, King M, Murphy E, Busch M, Custer B, Sabino EC. [Not Available]. Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter 2014; 36:152-8. [PMID: 24790542 PMCID: PMC4005515 DOI: 10.5581/1516-8484.20140033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study (REDS) program was established in the United States in 1989 with the purpose of increasing blood transfusion safety in the context of the HIV/AIDS and human T-lymphotropic virus epidemics. REDS and its successor, REDS-II were at first conducted in the US, then expanded in 2006 to include international partnerships with Brazil and China. In 2011, a third wave of REDS renamed the Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study-III (REDS-III) was launched. This seven-year research program focuses on both blood banking and transfusion medicine research in the United States of America, Brazil, China, and South Africa. The main goal of the international programs is to reduce and prevent the transmission of HIV/AIDS and other known and emerging infectious agents through transfusion, and to address research questions aimed at understanding global issues related to the availability of safe blood. This article describes the contribution of REDS-II to transfusion safety in Brazil. Articles published from 2010 to 2013 are summarized, including database analyses to characterize blood donors, deferral rates, and prevalence, incidence and residual risk of the main blood-borne infections. Specific studies were developed to understand donor motivation, the impact of the deferral questions, risk factors and molecular surveillance among HIV-positive donors, and the natural history of Chagas disease. The purpose of this review is to disseminate the acquired knowledge and briefly summarize the findings of the REDS-II studies conducted in Brazil as well as to introduce the scope of the REDS-III program that is now in progress and will continue through 2018. © 2014 Associação Brasileira de Hematologia, Hemoterapia e Terapia Celular. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Loureiro
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE), Recife, PE, Brazil; Fundação Hemope, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ligia Capuani
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Divaldo Sampaio
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE), Recife, PE, Brazil; Fundação Hemope, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - João Eduardo Ferreira
- Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Edward Murphy
- University of California San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Michael Busch
- Blood System Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Brian Custer
- Blood System Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
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11
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Lucky TTA, Seed CR, Waller D, Lee JF, McDonald A, Wand H, Wroth S, Shuttleworth G, Keller AJ, Pink J, Wilson DP. Understanding noncompliance with selective donor deferral criteria for high-risk behaviors in Australian blood donors. Transfusion 2014; 54:1739-49. [PMID: 24720444 DOI: 10.1111/trf.12554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using a predonation screening questionnaire, potential blood donors are screened for medical or behavioral factors associated with an increased risk for transfusion-transmissible infection. After disclosure of these risks, potential donors are deferred from donating. Understanding the degree of failure to disclose full and truthful information (termed noncompliance) is important to determine and minimize residual risk. This study estimates the prevalence of, and likely reasons for, noncompliance among Australian donors with the deferrals for injecting drug use, sex with an injecting drug user, male-to-male sex, sex worker activity or contact, and sex with a partner from a high-HIV-prevalence country. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS An anonymous, online survey of a nationally representative sample of Australian blood donors was conducted. Prevalence of noncompliance with deferrable risk categories was estimated. Factors associated with noncompliance were determined using unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios. RESULTS Of 98,044 invited donors, 30,790 donors completed the survey. The estimated prevalence of overall noncompliance (i.e., to at least one screening question) was 1.65% (95% confidence interval CI, 1.51%-1.8%). Noncompliance with individual deferrals ranged from 0.05% (sex work) to 0.54% (sex with an injecting drug user). The prevalences of the disclosed exclusionary risk behaviors were three to 14 times lower than their estimated prevalence in the general population. CONCLUSION The prevalence of noncompliance is relatively low but our estimate is likely to be a lower bound. The selected high-risk behaviors were substantially less common in blood donors compared to the general population suggesting that self-deferral is effective. Nevertheless, a focus on further minimization should improve the blood safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarana T A Lucky
- The Kirby Institute, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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12
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Zangiacomi Martinez E, Dos Santos Almeida RG, Garcia Braz AC, Duarte de Carvalho AC. Association between religiousness and blood donation among Brazilian postgraduate students from health-related areas. Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter 2014; 36:184-90. [PMID: 25031057 PMCID: PMC4109732 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjhh.2014.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to examine the association between religiousness and blood donation among postgraduate students. Methods The Portuguese-language version of the Duke University Religion Index was administered to a sample of 226 Brazilian students with ages ranging from 22 to 55 years. All study participants had completed undergraduate courses in health-related areas. Results In the present study, 23.5% of the students were regular donors. Organizational religiousness was found to be associated with attitudes related to blood donation. This study also shows evidence that regular blood donors have a higher intrinsic religiousness than subjects who donate only once and do not return. Conclusion This study shows that the attitudes concerning blood donation may have some association with religiosity.
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