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Mengyi Z, Yuhui L, Zhan G, Anqing L, Yujia L, Shilin L, Lei G, Yue L, Mei H, Jianhua W, Weilan H, Wei M, Jie C, Jingyu Z, Yijing Y, Yanli G, Qiulei Z, Yang H, Limin C, Zhenxin F, Miao H. Plasma metagenomics reveals regional variations of emerging and re-emerging pathogens in Chinese blood donors with an emphasis on human parvovirus B19. One Health 2023; 17:100602. [PMID: 37520848 PMCID: PMC10372899 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
At present, many infectious pathogens, especially emerging/re-emerging pathogens, exist in the blood of voluntary blood donors and may be transmitted through blood transfusions. However, most of Chinese blood centers only routinely screen for HBV, HCV, HIV, and syphilis. We employed metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) to investigate the microbiome in healthy voluntary blood donors to help assess blood safety in China by identifying infectious pathogens presented in donations that could lead to transfusion-acquired infections. We collected 10,720 plasma samples from voluntary blood donors from seven blood centers in different cities during 2012-2018 in China. A total of 562 GB of clean data was obtained. By analyzing the sequencing data, it was found that the most commonly identified bacteria found in the healthy blood were Serratia spp. (5.0176%), Pseudomonas spp. (0.6637%), and Burkholderia spp. (0.5544%). The principal eukaryote were Leishmania spp (1.3723%), Toxoplasma gondii (0.6352%), and Candida dubliniensis (0.1848%). Among viruses, Human Parvovirus B19 (B19V) accounts for the highest proportion (0.1490%), followed by Torque teno midi virus (0.0032%) and Torque teno virus (0.0015%). Since that B19V is a non-negligible threat to blood safety, we evaluated the positive samples for B19V tested by mNGS using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Sanger sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis to achieve a better understanding of B19V in Chinese blood donors. Subsequently, 9 (0.07%) donations were positive for B19V DNA. The quantitative DNA levels ranged from 5.58 × 102 to 7.24 × 104 IU/ml. The phylogenic analyses showed that prevalent genotypes belonged to the B19-1A subtype, which disclosed previously unknown regional variability in the B19V positivity rate. The investigation revealed that many microbes dwell in the blood of healthy donors, including some pathogens that may be dormant in the blood and only cause disease under specific conditions. Thus, investigating the range and nature of potential pathogens in the qualified donations provided a framework for targeted interventions to help prevent emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Mengyi
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Blood Safety and Blood Substitute International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Yuhui
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Blood Safety and Blood Substitute International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Chengdu, China
- Shaanxi Blood Center, Institute of Xi'an Blood Bank, Xi'an, China
| | - Gao Zhan
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Blood Safety and Blood Substitute International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Chengdu, China
| | - Liu Anqing
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Blood Safety and Blood Substitute International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Yujia
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Blood Safety and Blood Substitute International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Shilin
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Blood Safety and Blood Substitute International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Chengdu, China
| | - Gao Lei
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Blood Safety and Blood Substitute International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Chengdu, China
| | - Lan Yue
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huang Mei
- Mianyang Blood Center, Mianyang, China
| | | | - He Weilan
- Guangxi Blood Center, Liuzhou, China
| | - Mao Wei
- Chongqing Blood Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Cai Jie
- Nanjing Blood Center, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhou Jingyu
- Jiangsu Blood Center, Jiangsu Institute of Medical Biological Products, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Guo Yanli
- Mudanjiang Blood Center, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Zhong Qiulei
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Blood Safety and Blood Substitute International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Chengdu, China
| | - Huang Yang
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Blood Safety and Blood Substitute International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Chengdu, China
| | - Chen Limin
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Blood Safety and Blood Substitute International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Chengdu, China
| | - Fan Zhenxin
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - He Miao
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Blood Safety and Blood Substitute International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Chengdu, China
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Sagara Y, Nakamura H, Satake M, Matsuzaki K. Detection of early phase human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 and 2 infection with an improved confirmatory test. J Clin Virol 2023; 168:105598. [PMID: 37748321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2023.105598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a blood-borne virus, and mandatory testing of donated blood for HTLV-1 antibodies has been adopted by Japanese Red Cross blood centers since 1986. A confirmatory line immunoassay was initiated in 2019 for individuals who were seroreactive in the screening test. This decreased the incidence of indeterminate individuals, however, donors with indeterminate results are not informed of their HTLV-1 seroreactivity and they can continue to donate blood. OBJECTIVES To clarify the characteristics of indeterminate line immunoassay results among Japanese blood donors. STUDY DESIGN Of 759,259 blood donors in the Kyushu district of Japan, an area endemic for HTLV-1, 101 cases were classified as indeterminate by line immunoassay testing. We examined these cases using alternative secondary antibodies, anti-human-Ig (IgG/IgM/IgA) and -IgM antibodies, to detect the early phase of HTLV infection. RESULTS Using anti-human-Ig and -IgM antibodies, HTLV infection status was confirmed in 37 individuals (HTLV-1-positive, 2; HTLV-positive, 27; HTLV-negative, 8). Among the remaining 64 indeterminate individuals, we identified one HTLV-2-infected 18-year-old female. A previous blood donation from this individual showed a negative anti-HTLV screening test result (signal-to-cutoff ratio = 0.1). Therefore, this case was considered to be an HTLV-2 seroconversion case. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the procedure for diagnosing HTLV infection should be reconsidered and that an accurate detection system for the early phase of HTLV infection is urgently needed for public health in Japan. Moreover, the issue of HTLV-2 infection needs a higher profile in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuko Sagara
- Japanese Red Cross Kyushu Block Blood Center, 1-2-1 Kamikoga, Chikushino, Fukuoka 818-8588, Japan.
| | - Hitomi Nakamura
- Japanese Red Cross Kyushu Block Blood Center, 1-2-1 Kamikoga, Chikushino, Fukuoka 818-8588, Japan
| | - Masahiro Satake
- Japanese Red Cross Society, 2-1-67 Tatsumi, Tokyo 135-8521, Japan
| | - Koji Matsuzaki
- Japanese Red Cross Kyushu Block Blood Center, 1-2-1 Kamikoga, Chikushino, Fukuoka 818-8588, Japan
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Rocha R, Gonçalves L, Conceição C, Andrade P, Cristóvão JM, Condeço J, Delgado B, Caeiro C, Kuzmenko T, Vasconcelos E, Escoval MA, Rey C, Guz M, Norte C, Aldeia C, Cruz D, Maia C. Prevalence of asymptomatic Leishmania infection and knowledge, perceptions, and practices in blood donors in mainland Portugal. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:357. [PMID: 37817278 PMCID: PMC10563231 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-05980-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asymptomatic infection is the most common outcome of exposure to Leishmania parasites. In the Mediterranean region, where Leishmania infantum is endemic, studies on the prevalence of asymptomatic infection have often relied on serological testing in blood donors. In Spain, regional studies have shown seroprevalence in blood donors between 1 and 8%; in Portugal, values of 0 and 2% were suggested by two localized studies, in different populations. The purpose of this study was (i) to estimate the prevalence of asymptomatic Leishmania infection in blood donors in mainland Portugal, and (ii) to study the association between the detection of antibodies to Leishmania and sociodemographic factors, and also the knowledge, perceptions and practices (KPP) of the blood donors regarding leishmaniasis. METHODS A cross-sectional study targeted the population of people who donated blood in mainland Portugal. Participants, distributed proportionally by municipality and aged between 18 and 65 years, were selected randomly in 347 blood collection points between February and June 2022, and completed a sociodemographic and a KPP questionnaire. Detection of anti-Leishmania antibodies in serum was performed using an ELISA commercial kit. Individual KPP scores were calculated by adding grades defined for each question. RESULTS Globally, 201/3763 samples were positive. The estimated national true seroprevalence was 4.8% (95% CI 4.1-5.5%). The proportion of positive results was significantly different between NUTS (Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics) regions. Models suggested that seropositivity was significantly higher in male sex, people older than 25 years, or residing in the Centro NUTS2 region, but not in dog owners nor people with lower KPP scores. Overall, 72.3% of participants had previously heard of leishmaniasis and, in multivariate analysis, a higher Knowledge score was associated with age 25-40 years, female sex, ownership of dogs, and higher education. CONCLUSIONS Global estimated true seroprevalence (4.8%) was similar to previous regional studies in blood donors in neighboring Spain. Higher seroprevalence values in the NUTS2 Centro region were consistent with incidence data from humans and seroprevalence studies in dogs. On the other hand, the low values in the Alentejo and the high values in the northern subregions may be the result of geographical shifts in parasite circulation due to climate change and should prompt localized and integrated, vector, canine, and human research, following a One Health approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Rocha
- Instituto de Higiene E Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Lisbon, Portugal
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Associate Laboratory in Translation and Innovation Towards Global Health, LA-REAL, IHMT, UNL, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luzia Gonçalves
- Instituto de Higiene E Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Lisbon, Portugal
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Associate Laboratory in Translation and Innovation Towards Global Health, LA-REAL, IHMT, UNL, Lisbon, Portugal
- Centro de Estatística E Aplicações da Universidade de Lisboa (UL), Lisbon, Portugal
- , Z-Stat4life, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Conceição
- Instituto de Higiene E Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Lisbon, Portugal
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Associate Laboratory in Translation and Innovation Towards Global Health, LA-REAL, IHMT, UNL, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Andrade
- Instituto de Higiene E Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José Manuel Cristóvão
- Instituto de Higiene E Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Lisbon, Portugal
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Associate Laboratory in Translation and Innovation Towards Global Health, LA-REAL, IHMT, UNL, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jorge Condeço
- Instituto Português Do Sangue E da Transplantação, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Delgado
- Instituto Português Do Sangue E da Transplantação, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cristina Caeiro
- Instituto Português Do Sangue E da Transplantação, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tetyana Kuzmenko
- Instituto Português Do Sangue E da Transplantação, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | | | - Carmen Rey
- Centro Hospitalar Universitário Do Algarve, Portimão, Portugal
| | - Madalina Guz
- Hospital do Espírito Santo de Évora, Évora, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Norte
- Unidade Local de Saúde Do Baixo Alentejo, Beja, Portugal
| | - Carlos Aldeia
- Unidade Local de Saúde Do Litoral Alentejano, Santiago Do Cacém, Portugal
| | - Diego Cruz
- Unidade Local de Saúde Do Norte Alentejano, Elvas, Portugal
| | - Carla Maia
- Instituto de Higiene E Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Lisbon, Portugal.
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Associate Laboratory in Translation and Innovation Towards Global Health, LA-REAL, IHMT, UNL, Lisbon, Portugal.
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Bakr S, Yousief E, Ezzat EM, Elsary AY, Elamir AM, Gamal M. Screening of subclinical functional hemoglobin and red blood cell abnormalities among blood donors of Fayoum University Hospital in Egypt: Are RET-He, and IRF useful screening tools? Transfus Apher Sci 2023; 62:103781. [PMID: 37524581 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2023.103781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effectiveness of red cell transfusion in a given blood unit that relied on both quantity and quality of donated cells undoubtedly affects prognostic outcomes. OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine the frequency of subclinical functional hemoglobin and red cell abnormalities in donated blood of Fayoum University Hospital in Egypt. Additionally, to assess the usefulness of reticulocyte mean hemoglobin content (RET-He) and immature reticulocyte fraction (IRF) as screening measures for such abnormalities. MATERIAL AND METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled 200 volunteer blood donors who met the national standard criterion of blood donation. Complete blood count with reticulocyte parameters, serum ferritin, sickling test, G6PD assay, Mentzer index, and naked-eye single tube red cell osmotic fragility test were carried out. RESULTS Functional red cell abnormalities represented 44 % of this cohort. Out of them, 4.5 % had iron deficiency, 11 % had a positive sickling test, 19 % had G6PD deficiency, and 9.5 % had suspicious thalassemia. The sensitivity and specificity test for RET-He in selective identification of functional hemoglobin abnormalities in donated blood were 83.3 % and 61.2 %, respectively at a cutoff value of 26.9. Though there was no statistically significant effect of RET-He on the selective detection of G6PD deficiency, IRF had a statistically significant high level with a p-value of 0.04. CONCLUSION Subclinical functional red cell abnormalities seem to be prevalent among blood donors. Reticulocyte/ erythrocyte indices could be useful screening tools for red cell abnormalities. Further studies are required for assessing the impact of transfusing such abnormalities to neonates and other critical recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salwa Bakr
- Department of Clinical Pathology/Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt.
| | - Eman Yousief
- Department of Clinical Pathology/Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Eman Mahmoud Ezzat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Younis Elsary
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Azza M Elamir
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Mona Gamal
- Department of Clinical Pathology/Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
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Bloch EM, Siller A, Tonnetti L, Drews SJ, Spencer BR, Hedges D, Mergenthal T, Weber-Schehl M, Astl M, Patel EU, Gaber M, Schennach H. Molecular Screening of Blood Donors for Babesia in Tyrol, Austria. Transfus Med Hemother 2023; 50:330-333. [PMID: 37767285 PMCID: PMC10521223 DOI: 10.1159/000528793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Babesia is a tick-borne intraerythrocytic parasite that is globally ubiquitous, yet understudied. Several species of Babesia have been shown to be transfusion-transmissible. Babesia has been reported in blood donors, animals, and ticks in the Tyrol (Western Austria), and regional cases of human babesiosis have been described. We sought to characterize the risk of Babesia to the local blood supply. Methods Prospective molecular testing was performed on blood donors who presented to regional, mobile blood collection drives in the Tyrol, Austria (27 May to October 4, 2021). Testing was conducted using the cobas® Babesia assay (Roche Molecular Systems, Inc.), a commercial PCR assay approved for blood donor screening that is capable of detecting the 4 primary species causing human babesiosis (i.e., B. microti, B. divergens, B. duncani, and B. venatorum). A confirmatory algorithm to manage initial PCR-reactive samples was developed, as were procedures for donor and product management. Results A total of 7,972 donors were enrolled and screened; 4,311 (54.1%) were male, with a median age of 47 years (IQR = 34-55). No positive cases of Babesia were detected, corresponding with an overall prevalence of 0.00% (95% CI: 0.00%, 0.05%). Discussion The findings suggest that the prevalence of Babesia is low in Austrian blood donors residing in the Tyrol, even during months of peak tick exposure. Although one cannot conclude the absence of Babesia in this population given the limited sample size, the findings suggest that the regional risk of transfusion-transmitted babesiosis is low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan M. Bloch
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Anita Siller
- Central Institute for Blood Transfusion and Immunology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Laura Tonnetti
- Holland Laboratories for the Biomedical Sciences, American Red Cross, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Steven J. Drews
- Microbiology, Canadian Blood Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Bryan R. Spencer
- Scientific Affairs, American Red Cross, Dedham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Doris Hedges
- Blood donor service, Bavarian Red Cross, Wiesentheid, Germany
| | | | | | - Manfred Astl
- Central Institute for Blood Transfusion and Immunology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Eshan U. Patel
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Manfred Gaber
- Blood donor service Tyrol, Austrian Red Cross, Rum, Austria
| | - Harald Schennach
- Central Institute for Blood Transfusion and Immunology, Innsbruck, Austria
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Alkhazashvili M, Bloch EM, Shadaker S, Kuchuloria T, Getia V, Turdziladze A, Armstrong PA, Gamkrelidze A. Advancing blood transfusion safety using molecular detection in the country of Georgia. Transfus Clin Biol 2023; 30:307-313. [PMID: 36907246 PMCID: PMC10958484 DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2015, the country of Georgia initiated its hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination program. Given a high background incidence of HCV infection, centralized nucleic acid testing (NAT) of blood donations was prioritized for implementation. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Multiplex NAT screening for HIV, HCV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) was launched in January 2020. An analysis was conducted of serological and NAT donor/donation data for the first year of screening (through December 2020). RESULTS A total of 54,116 donations representing 39,164 unique donors were evaluated. Overall, 671 donors (1.7%) tested positive for at least one infectious marker by serology or NAT, with the highest prevalence among donors aged 40-49 years (2.5%; n = 200), male (1.9%; n = 524), replacement (2.8%; n = 153) and first time (2.1%; n = 642) donors. Sixty donations were seronegative but NAT positive, and therefore would not have been found by traditional serology testing alone. These were more likely among female vs. male (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.06; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.05-4.05), paid (aOR 10.15; 95%CI: 2.80-36.86) or voluntary (aOR 4.30; 95%CI: 1.27-14.56) vs replacement, and repeat vs. first time (aOR 13.98; 95%CI: 4.06-48.12) donors. On repeat serological testing (including HBV core antibody [HBcAb] testing), 6 HBV + donations, 5 HCV + donations and 1 HIV + donations were deemed NAT yield (detected through the implementation of NAT, and would have otherwise been missed by serology screening alone). CONCLUSION This analysis offers a regional model for NAT implementation, demonstrating the feasibility and clinical utility in a nationwide blood program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maia Alkhazashvili
- National Center for Disease Control and Public Health of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia; The University of Georgia, School of Health Sciences, Tbilisi, Georgia.
| | - Evan M Bloch
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
| | - Shaun Shadaker
- Division of Viral Hepatitis, National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD and TB Prevention, CDC, Atlanta, United States
| | | | - Vladimer Getia
- National Center for Disease Control and Public Health of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | | | - Paige A Armstrong
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
| | - Amiran Gamkrelidze
- National Center for Disease Control and Public Health of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia; The University of Georgia, School of Health Sciences, Tbilisi, Georgia
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Quee FA, Hogema BM, Slot E, Kruijer S, Molier M, van den Hurk K, Zaaijer HL. Booster vaccinations and Omicron: the effects on SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Dutch blood donors. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:464. [PMID: 37438703 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08448-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) booster vaccination campaign and the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants impact the prevalence and levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the Netherlands. In this study we determined antibody levels across age groups, the impact of Omicron variant infections, and the effect of booster vaccinations on antibody levels. METHODS In September and December 2021 and in February 2022, over 2000 Dutch blood donors were tested for presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Donations were selected based on age, sex, and region of residence, to provide an optimal coverage and representation of the Dutch population. RESULTS Levels of vaccination-induced spike antibodies decreased over time in all age groups. Donors vaccinated with Janssen or AstraZeneca had significantly lower antibody levels than donors vaccinated with Pfizer or Moderna vaccine. Boostering with an mRNA vaccine elevated antibody levels in all age-groups irrespective of the initial vaccine. In donors aged < 56 years, the proportion of infected donors almost doubled between December 2021 and February 2022. CONCLUSION The booster vaccination campaign increased antibody levels in all age-groups. After a booster vaccination, donors initially vaccinated with AstraZeneca or Janssen vaccine showed antibody levels similar to donors initially vaccinated with an mRNA vaccine. The emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in the Netherlands caused a substantial increase in donors with infection-induced antibodies, especially among younger donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Quee
- Department of Donor Medicine Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B M Hogema
- Department of Donor Medicine Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Virology, Sanquin Diagnostic Services, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - E Slot
- Department of Donor Medicine Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Affairs, Sanquin Corporate Staff, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - S Kruijer
- Department of Donor Medicine Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Molier
- Department of Donor Medicine Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - K van den Hurk
- Department of Donor Medicine Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H L Zaaijer
- Department of Donor Medicine Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Virology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Thakur SK, Sompal S, Dinesh Kumar N, Sinha AK. Link between human ABO blood groups with diseases influencing blood donors and recipients frequency at RBTC, Delhi, India. Bioinformation 2023; 19:576-581. [PMID: 37886143 PMCID: PMC10599670 DOI: 10.6026/97320630019576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood groups had associations with many diseases that affect blood transfusion services by increasing or decreasing the blood demand of particular blood group. The present study was designed to compare the frequency of ABO and Rh blood groups among blood donors and blood component recipients. The ABO and Rh(D) blood groups of donors and recipients were determined using Gel card method. The frequency of blood donors and blood component recipients from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2023, at regional blood transfusion centre of Delhi, were compared using χ² test. The ABO blood group frequencies of blood donors (n=23025) were: A(23.1%), B(37.53%), AB(10.09%), and O(29.29%). The blood issue (n=20255) was significantly (p=0.0000) higher in A(24.96%), B(39.92%), and lower in AB(9.76%) and O(25.37%). The RDP issue (n=7239) was significantly (p=0.0000) higher in A(24.71%), B(39.34%), and AB(11.53%) and lower in O(24.41%). The FFP issue (n=4164) was significantly (p=0.00024) higher in AB (12.3%) and lower in A (22.05%), B(37.32%), and O(28.14%). The difference between the blood donor frequencies of Rh(D)+Ve(95.19%) and Rh(D)-Ve(4.81%) and the blood issued by Rh(D)+Ve(95.06%) and Rh(D)-Ve(4.94%) was statistically not significant(P=0.52).Blood issues were higher in blood group A and B than in O, platelet issues were higher in A, B and AB than in O, and FFP issues were higher in the AB. Non-O blood groups may have a higher frequency of blood transfusions, while O blood groups may have a protective influence against diseases due to their innate immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Kumar Thakur
- PG Department of Zoology, Veer Kunwar Singh University, Ara, Bihar - 802301, India
- Department of Regional Blood Transfusion Centre, Hindu Rao Hospital and NDMC Medical College, Delhi – 110007, India
| | - Singh Sompal
- Department of Regional Blood Transfusion Centre, Hindu Rao Hospital and NDMC Medical College, Delhi – 110007, India
| | - Negi Dinesh Kumar
- Department of Regional Blood Transfusion Centre, Hindu Rao Hospital and NDMC Medical College, Delhi – 110007, India
| | - Anil Kumar Sinha
- PG Department of Zoology, Veer Kunwar Singh University, Ara, Bihar - 802301, India
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Cipek V, Ferenac Kiš M, Ratić D, Piškorjanac S, Samardžija M, Kralik K, Samardžija M. REASONS FOR DEFERRAL IN DEFERRED VOLUNTARY BLOOD DONORS IN EASTERN CROATIA. Acta Clin Croat 2023; 62:93-105. [PMID: 38304378 PMCID: PMC10829957 DOI: 10.20471/acc.2023.62.01.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
When choosing a voluntary blood donor (VBD), it is important to ensure the donor health, and at the same time to produce a quality and safe blood product. The donor selection process leads to donor rejection related to their current health condition. The aim of this study was to determine gender differences in VBDs, to examine the reasons for their rejection, and to determine the share of permanently and temporarily deferred VBD, especially due to low hemoglobin levels. The research was conducted in eastern Croatia in the 2014 to 2018 period. The study included 144,041 blood donations from a total of 80,418 VBDs, of which 83.3% of donations were from male VBDs and 16.7% from female VBDs. There were 11.46% of temporarily deferred and permanently rejected donors. Out of all temporarily deferred donors and possible reasons for deferral, the largest share of deferrals referred to a reduced hemoglobin level, which accounted for 54% in female VBD and 46% in male VBD. Female VBDs made up to one-third of total VBDs and account for one-sixth of total blood donations. Low hemoglobin was the most common reason for VBD deferral. Gender and age are related to blood hemoglobin levels in rejected and accepted donors. Female VBDs represent a potential reservoir for increasing the total number of VBDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Cipek
- Fresenius Kabi, EMEA Region, Bad Homburg, Germany
- University Hospital Centre Osijek, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marina Ferenac Kiš
- University Hospital Centre Osijek, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Dalibor Ratić
- University Hospital Centre Osijek, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Silvija Piškorjanac
- University Hospital Centre Osijek, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marko Samardžija
- Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust – Namsos Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Namsos, Norway
| | - Kristina Kralik
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marina Samardžija
- University Hospital Centre Osijek, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
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Kumar R, Kaur P, Verma K, Rajeev K, Bhaskar B, Kumar S. Delayed adverse reaction in donors after whole blood donation: Is it a matter of concern? Transfus Clin Biol 2023; 30:232-237. [PMID: 36638906 DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood donation has a remarkable safety record and most of the donors have a good experience or only mild symptoms after blood donation were noted. Although even a very low rate of reactions may have gloomy effect diminishing their fondness to donate again. The main aim of our study was to determine the incidence and to analyze how various donor demographic factors tend to be associated with delayed adverse donor reactions (ADR). MATERIAL AND METHODS The prospective observational study was conducted in Department of Immuno-hematology and Blood Transfusion of tertiary care hospital. All the whole blood donors, who gave consent to participate in the study were contacted telephonically after 24 hours and day 7 after donation. The donor who couldn't be contacted telephonically, was tried again at an interval of four hours in a day for two consecutive days before declaring the participant to be non-responder. RESULTS A total of 2495 (92.4%) blood donors experienced delayed ADRs. The commonest delayed ADRs reported were generalized weakness (24.6%), bruises (24.2%) followed by painful arm (14.5%). Females, first-time blood donors, donors with low BMI and donors engaged in manual labor were more vulnerable to develop any adverse reactions. CONCLUSION Blood donors can experience delayed ADRs. It is important to prevent these reactions especially in susceptible donors. Proper awareness and training to the staff was provided to minimize the incidence of ADR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kiran Rajeev
- Assistant Surgeon, Dept. of Health services, Ozhalapathy, India
| | - Bala Bhaskar
- Dept. of Transfusion Medicine, Sparsh Hospital, Bengaluru, India
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11
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Sagara Y, Nakamura H, Satake M, Watanabe T, Hamaguchi I. Increasing horizontal transmission of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 in adolescents and young adults in Japan. J Clin Virol 2022; 157:105324. [PMID: 36370501 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2022.105324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a causative agent of the life-threatening diseases, adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy. Following implementation of antenatal screening in Japan, novel transmission of HTLV-1 in adolescent and adult generations is expected to replace vertical transmission as the main route for transmission. OBJECTIVES To obtain the current status of HTLV-1 horizontal infection and to assess the fluctuation of transmission occurring among adolescents and adults in Japan. STUDY DESIGN We followed-up 5,017,916 eligible repeat blood donors for 8 years from 2013 to 2021. We evaluated HTLV-1 transmission rate by age group (16-69 years-old), and calculated the total number of novel transmissions in Japan using demographic statistics published by the government of Japan. RESULTS We identified 457 seroconverters (men, 203; women, 254) in a total of 19,244,604 person-years during the study period. The number of seroconversions per 100,000 person-years was 1.54 for men and 4.21 for women. An increase in the number of novel infections was observed in both sexes in adolescent and young adult generations despite the health bias of blood donors. CONCLUSIONS We estimate that more than 2,800 new HTLV-1 infections occur annually in Japan. It is a serious concern that without immediate measures against new HTLV-1 infections, such as guideline formulation, an inclusion of HTLV as routine screening in sexual health services, an information campaign, and surveillance of the general population, novel HTLV-1 infection could continue to increase in Japan and be a source of global transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuko Sagara
- Japanese Red Cross Kyushu Block Blood Center, 1-2-1 Kamikoga, Chikushino, Fukuoka, 818-8588, Japan.
| | - Hitomi Nakamura
- Japanese Red Cross Kyushu Block Blood Center, 1-2-1 Kamikoga, Chikushino, Fukuoka, 818-8588, Japan
| | - Masahiro Satake
- Japanese Red Cross Central Blood Institute, 2-1-67 Tatsumi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8521, Japan
| | - Toshiki Watanabe
- St-Marianna Medical University, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, 216-8511, Japan
| | - Isao Hamaguchi
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1 Gakuen, Musashi-Murayama, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan
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12
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Cunha GG, Bezerra LA, Silva Júnior JVJ, Gonçales JP, Montreuil ACB, Côelho MRCD. Analysis of seroprevalence and risk factors for hepatitis E virus (HEV) in donation candidates and blood donors in Northeast Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 2022; 53:1995-2001. [PMID: 36100808 PMCID: PMC9679076 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00816-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral transmission is the main route of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection; however, genotypes 3 and 4 may also be transmitted by blood transfusion. Individuals who need blood products are often immunosuppressed, which increase the risk of severe disease and death by HEV. Despite this, blood banks in Brazil do not screen for HEV and epidemiological studies in this population are rare; this is an important issue as HEV-3 is frequently identified in the country. Herein, we analyzed the seroprevalence and risk factors for HEV seropositivity in donor candidates/blood donors from Northeast Brazil. Nine hundred and ninety-six donor candidates/blood donors from Foundation of Hematology and Hemotherapy of Pernambuco (HEMOPE) were interviewed regarding socioeconomic, sociodemographic, and behavioral data and analyzed for anti-HEV IgG. Anti-HEV IgG was detected using the HEV IgG (EUROIMMUN) kit. Associations between seropositivity and potential risk factors were analyzed by the χ2 test and Fisher's exact test. Seroprevalence was 0.9% (9/996), 77.77% (7/9) and 22.22% (2/9) in blood donors and donor candidates, respectively. HEV seropositivity was associated with male (OR: 11.65; CI: 0.6755-200.9; p = 0.0163), income higher than BRL 20,000/month (p = 0.0002), and lake bathing (OR: 4.553; CI: 1.391-15.25; p = 0.0258). Importantly, about 43% (3/7) of anti-HEV positive donors made their first donation more than 20 years ago, which must be taken as a warning sign, given the possibility that these individuals may have been infected after registration as donors. Finally, the report of HEV seropositivity, especially in regular blood donors, as well as the identification of potential risk factors, reinforces the need for viral screening in Brazilian blood banks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Galindo Cunha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Setor de Virologia, Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, S/N. Cidade Universitária, 50, Recife, Pernambuco, 670-901, Brazil
| | - Luan Araújo Bezerra
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Setor de Virologia, Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, S/N. Cidade Universitária, 50, Recife, Pernambuco, 670-901, Brazil
| | - José Valter Joaquim Silva Júnior
- Setor de Virologia, Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, S/N. Cidade Universitária, 50, Recife, Pernambuco, 670-901, Brazil
- Setor de Virologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliana Prado Gonçales
- Setor de Virologia, Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, S/N. Cidade Universitária, 50, Recife, Pernambuco, 670-901, Brazil
- Grupo SER Educacional, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Rosângela Cunha Duarte Côelho
- Setor de Virologia, Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, S/N. Cidade Universitária, 50, Recife, Pernambuco, 670-901, Brazil.
- Departamento de Fisiologia E Farmacologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil.
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan M Bloch
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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14
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Abd El-Wahab EW, Elfiky KSR, Ghanem MA, Shatat HZ. Assessment of dengue virus threat to blood safety and community health: A single center study in northern Egypt. J Virus Erad 2022; 8:100077. [PMID: 35795869 PMCID: PMC9251716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jve.2022.100077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The risk of transfusion transmitted dengue (DENV) is increasingly recognized and poses a risk to blood safety as well as spreading into non-immune communities. Objectives To determine dengue serological profile, environmental risk, knowledge, and preventive measures among blood donors in a national blood bank in northern Egypt. Methods A total of 500 blood donors were enrolled into this study between June and September 2018. Socio-demographic and medical data were collected using a predesigned questionnaire. Blood samples were screened for anti-DENV IgM, anti-DENV IgG and non-structural protein 1 antigen (DENV-NS1 antigen). Results History of past dengue exposure was identified in 10.2% of blood donors. No samples (0.0%) tested positive for anti-DENV IgG, IgM or NS1 antigen. At the time of blood donation, no individuals had any symptoms suggestive of a dengue-related illness. Dengue exposure strongly correlated with travel to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), Sudan and the El-Quseir outbreak area in Egypt. Knowledge of dengue and prevention methods was found to be substantially deficient, and the relatively higher level of knowledge among exposed donors did not translate into appropriate preventative measures. Conclusions Our risk assessment shows the impact of travel on DENV exposure and highlights its potential threat to disease spread in Egypt. Dengue awareness programs are urgently needed for effective prevention of transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekram W Abd El-Wahab
- Tropical Health Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, 21561, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Karima S R Elfiky
- Fellow of Tropical Health Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, 21561, Alexandria, Egypt.,Specialist at Kafr El-Dawar Public Hospital Blood Bank, Behira, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Ghanem
- Director of Kafr El-Dawar Public Hospital Blood Bank, Behira, Egypt
| | - Hanan Z Shatat
- Tropical Health Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, 21561, Alexandria, Egypt
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15
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Asfaram S, Fakhar M, Mohebali M, Ziaei Hezarjaribi H, Mardani A, Ghezelbash B, Akhoundi B, Zarei Z, Moazeni M. A Convenient and Sensitive kDNA-PCR for Screening of Leishmania infantum Latent Infection Among Blood Donors in a Highly Endemic Focus, Northwestern Iran. Acta Parasitol 2022; 67:842-850. [PMID: 35294973 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-022-00528-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent global evidences showed that asymptomatic blood donor carriers of Leishmania infection will appear as a threat for blood transfusions recipients in endemic areas. As yet, there is no appropriate diagnostic procedure for detecting infection of blood donors in blood banks. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The present study was aimed to apply various current diagnostic tests among blood donors in an endemic area of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), Ardabil Province, northwestern Iran. Blood samples were gathered from 860 blood donors in endemic areas of the province between 2017 and 2018, at eight blood donation centers. These samples was assessed using microculture, serological (DAT and rK39-ICT) and molecular based (conventional kDNA-PCR and HRM-PCR) tests. RESULTS Of 860 eligible donors, 24 (2.8%) were seropositive for VL by DAT, and 388 (45%) were positive by kDNA-PCR. Moreover, 19 (19/860) were positive for both of them. Out of 19 subjects, 5.3% (1/19) was positive by rK39-ICT, 10.5% (2/19), and 79% (15/19) were detected positive in microculture and HRM-PCR methods, respectively. Nineteen donors were followed up for 2 years, of which 16 (84.2%) had a serological conversion, and 4 (21%) were positive by kDNA-PCR. The sensitivity of kDNA-PCR, and HRM-PCR procedures in detecting Leishmania parasite was found to be 98.7%, and 79%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our findings justify the use of kDNA-PCR as a convenient and sensitive tool for screening subjects with leishmanial latent infection in blood banks at least in endemic regions. In these areas, however, a PCR-based test should be used to validate Leishmania infection among seropositive donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Asfaram
- Zoonoses Research Center (ZRC), Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Iranian National Registry Center for Lophomoniasis and Toxoplasmosis, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, P.O Box: 48471-91971, Farah-Abad Road, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahdi Fakhar
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Iranian National Registry Center for Lophomoniasis and Toxoplasmosis, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, P.O Box: 48471-91971, Farah-Abad Road, Sari, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Mohebali
- Center for Research of Endemic Parasites of Iran (CREPI), Department of Parasitology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hajar Ziaei Hezarjaribi
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Iranian National Registry Center for Lophomoniasis and Toxoplasmosis, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, P.O Box: 48471-91971, Farah-Abad Road, Sari, Iran
| | - Ahmad Mardani
- Department of Microbiology, Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrooz Ghezelbash
- Laboratory Hematology and Blood Bank, Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnaz Akhoundi
- Center for Research of Endemic Parasites of Iran (CREPI), Department of Parasitology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zabihollah Zarei
- Center for Research of Endemic Parasites of Iran (CREPI), Department of Parasitology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Moazeni
- Invasive Fungi Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Chaves DG, de Oliveira LC, da Silva Malta MCF, de Oliveira IR, Barbosa-Stancioli EF, Teixeira MM, Martins ML. Pro-inflammatory immune profile mediated by TNF and IFN-γ and regulated by IL-10 is associated to IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 in asymptomatic blood donors. Cytokine 2022; 154:155874. [PMID: 35397248 PMCID: PMC8977499 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 virus has infected and killed millions of people, but little is known about the risk factors that lead to the development of severe, mild or asymptomatic conditions after infection. The individual immune response and the balance of cytokines and chemokines have been shown to be important for the prognosis of patients. Additionally, it is essential to understand how the production of specific antibodies with viral neutralizing capacity is established. In this context, this study aimed to identify positive individuals for IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 in a large population of blood donors (n = 7837) to establish their immune response profile and to evaluate its viral neutralization capacity. The prevalence found for IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 was 5.6% (n = 441), with male blood donors (61.9%) being more prevalent among the positive ones. The results showed that positive individuals for IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 have high serum concentrations of chemokines, TNF, IFN-γ and IL-10. The analyses showed that the positivity index for IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 is associated with the neutralizing capacity of the antibodies, which, in turn, is significantly related to lower serum concentrations of CCL5 and CXCL10. The results allow us to hypothesize that the development and maintenance of IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in infected individuals occurs in a pro-inflammatory microenvironment well regulated by IL-10 with great capacity for recruiting cells from the innate and adaptive immune systems.
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Alshalani A, van Manen L, Boshuizen M, van Bruggen R, Acker JP, Juffermans NP. The Effect of Sex-Mismatched Red Blood Cell Transfusion on Endothelial Cell Activation in Critically Ill Patients. Transfus Med Hemother 2022; 49:98-105. [PMID: 35611381 PMCID: PMC9082204 DOI: 10.1159/000520651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies suggest that sex-mismatched transfusion is associated with increased mortality. Mechanisms driving mortality are not known but may include endothelial activation. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of sex-mismatched red blood cell (RBC) transfusions on endothelial cell activation markers in critically ill patients. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS In patients admitted to the intensive care unit who received a single RBC unit, blood samples were drawn before (T0), 1 h after (T1), and 24 h after transfusion (T24) for analysis of soluble syndecan-1, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, soluble thrombomodulin (sTM), von Willebrand factor antigen, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα). Changes in the levels of these factors were compared between sex-matched and sex-mismatched groups. RESULTS Of 69 included patients, 32 patients were in the sex-matched and 37 patients were in the sex-mismatched group. Compared to baseline, sex-matched transfusion was associated with significant reduction in sTM level (p value = 0.03). Between-group comparison showed that levels of syndecan-1 and sTM were significantly higher in the sex-mismatched group compared to the sex-matched group at T24 (p value = 0.04 and 0.01, respectively). Also, TNFα and IL-6 levels showed a statistically marginal significant increase compared to baseline in the sex-mismatched group at T24 (p value = 0.06 and 0.05, respectively), but not in the sex-matched group. DISCUSSION Transfusion of a single sex-mismatched RBC unit was associated with higher syndecan-1 and sTM levels compared to transfusion of sex-matched RBC unit. These findings may suggest that sex-mismatched RBC transfusion is associated with endothelial activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman Alshalani
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lisa van Manen
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Margit Boshuizen
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robin van Bruggen
- Department of Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jason P. Acker
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Centre for Innovation, Canadian Blood Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nicole P. Juffermans
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Intensive Care, OLVG Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Khetan D, Shukla JS, Chaudhary RK. Molecular basis of RhD-negative phenotype in North Indian blood donor population. Indian J Med Res 2022; 155:286-292. [PMID: 35946206 PMCID: PMC9629522 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1235_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives RHD gene typing is highly complex due to homology with RHCE genes. Molecular polymorphism of the RHCE and RHD genes have been characterized among various populations, but no studies have been undertaken among Indians. This study was undertaken to assess the genetic basis of RHD-negative phenotype in Indian blood donor population. Methods Sample from a total of 200 phenotypically RhD-negative blood donors were analyzed for presence of RHD gene using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RHD genotyping was done using three primer sets designed for exons 4 and 10 and one set for identification of pseudo (RHDΨ) gene between introns (int) 3 and 4. Amplified PCR products were analyzed by gel-electrophoresis (XY Loper, Uvitech, Cambridge) and confirmed by nucleotide sequencing (ABI 3730 xl 96 capillary system). Results No PCR product was found in 195/200 (97.5%) of study samples indicating homozygous gene deletion. Of the 5/200 (2.5%) showing RHD gene polymorphisms, 4/200 (2%) were positive for presence of exon 10 only (RHD-CE-D hybrid). RHDΨ gene was not detected in any of the samples tested. One sample showed presence of all three tested regions and was negative for RHDΨ gene. Interpretation & conclusions RHD gene deletion was found to be the most common cause of an RHD-negative phenotype while RHDΨ gene was, reported to be present in up to 39 per cent of various ethnic populations, but was not detected. RHD-CE-D hybrid gene (found in 2.5% individuals) is important for predicting the requirement of Rh prophylaxis during the antenatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dheeraj Khetan
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jai Shukla Shukla
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajendra K Chaudhary
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Ibarra-Meneses AV, Corbeil A, Wagner V, Onwuchekwa C, Fernandez-Prada C. Identification of asymptomatic Leishmania infections: a scoping review. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:5. [PMID: 34983616 PMCID: PMC8727076 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-05129-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asymptomatic Leishmania infection may play an important role in the transmission of the parasite in endemic areas. At present there is no consensus on the definition of asymptomatic Leishmania infection, nor is there a safe and accessible gold standard test for its identification. METHODS This paper presents a scoping review to summarize definitions of asymptomatic Leishmania infection found in the literature, as well as to detail the approach (molecular, serological, cellular, and/or parasitological tests) used by researchers to identify this asymptomatic population. A scoping review of published and gray literature related to asymptomatic Leishmania infection was conducted; retrieved citations were screened based on predefined eligibility criteria, and relevant data items were extracted from eligible articles. The analysis is descriptive and is presented using tables, figures, and thematic narrative synthesis. RESULTS We conducted a screening of 3008 articles, of which 175 were selected for the full review. Of these articles, we selected 106 that met the inclusion criteria. These articles were published between 1991 and 2021, and in the last 5 years, up to 38 articles were reported. Most of the studies were conducted in Brazil (26%), Spain (14%), India (12%), Bangladesh (10%), and Ethiopia (7%). Of the studies, 84.9% were conducted in the immunocompetent population, while 15.1% were conducted in the immunosuppressed population (HIV, immunosuppressive drugs, and organ transplantation population). We report 14 different techniques and 10 strategies employed by researchers to define asymptomatic Leishmania infection in an endemic area. CONCLUSIONS The definition of asymptomatic Leishmania infection is not unified across the literature, but often includes the following criteria: residence (or extended stay) in a Leishmania-endemic area, no reported signs/symptoms compatible with leishmaniasis, and positive on a combination of serological, molecular, cellular, and/or parasitological tests. Caution is recommended when comparing results of different studies on the subject of asymptomatic infections, as the reported prevalence cannot be confidently compared between areas due to the wide variety of tests employed by research groups. More research on the importance of asymptomatic immunosuppressed and immunocompetent Leishmania-positive populations in leishmaniasis epidemiology is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Victoria Ibarra-Meneses
- Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.,The Research Group on Infectious Diseases in Production Animals (GREMIP), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint Hyacinthe, Canada
| | - Audrey Corbeil
- Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.,The Research Group on Infectious Diseases in Production Animals (GREMIP), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint Hyacinthe, Canada
| | - Victoria Wagner
- Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.,The Research Group on Infectious Diseases in Production Animals (GREMIP), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint Hyacinthe, Canada
| | - Chukwuemeka Onwuchekwa
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christopher Fernandez-Prada
- Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada. .,The Research Group on Infectious Diseases in Production Animals (GREMIP), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint Hyacinthe, Canada.
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Bhasker PMB, Aluri A. Donor notification and counseling: Experiences and challenges from a private multi-specialty hospital in South India. Asian J Transfus Sci 2021; 15:166-171. [PMID: 34908749 PMCID: PMC8628240 DOI: 10.4103/ajts.ajts_123_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Donor notification and counseling plays a vital role in both blood safety and comprehensive donor care. This process informs donors about their status as to transfusion-transmitted infections (TTI), modes of transmission of such infections and helps prevent secondary transmission of these infections in the community. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES This study was initiated to see the response rate of notified reactive donors for counseling and to propose useful recommendations that could probably improve the response rate. MATERIALS AND METHODS Total of 17025 donations was screened for TTIs, namely, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and syphilis, by serology. All TTI reactive donors were retested and notified of their status by telephone and called for repeat testing followed by face-to-face counseling and referral for treatment. RESULTS We evaluated 183(1.07%) donors with reactive screening test results, i.e., 106(57.9%) HBV, 38(20.7%) HCV, 29(15.8%) HIV, and 11(0.6%) were syphilis reactive and all (100%) were from replacement blood donations. Only 58.4%(107) of donors could be personally communicated over telephone and only 49 (45.79%) of them returned for counseling. Three (6.1%) among the reactive donors knew their results earlier and 11(22.4%) donors had history of high-risk behavior. CONCLUSION In spite of strict donor screening and self-exclusion option, donors conceal their high-risk behaviors or their reactive status and continue to donate blood. It reflects the need to implement thorough predonation counseling to extract the history of high-risk factors from the donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Bala Bhasker
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Yashoda Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Anamika Aluri
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Yashoda Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Kandasamy D, Shastry S, O'Brien SF. Is high hemoglobin a hindrance factor for blood donation? A pilot observational study from the coastal region of India. Transfus Clin Biol 2021:S1246-7820(21)00522-X. [PMID: 34856398 DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood donors with high Hb are often deferred for the presumed risk of polycythemia vera (PV). However, adequate data to substantiate or refute this hypothesis is lacking. METHODOLOGY We conducted an observational study on blood donors found to have high hemoglobin (Hb≥18g/dL) during the pre-donation screening process using a portable hemoglobinometer at our blood center for four months. We adopted a cost effective methodology wherein a questionnaire was used to elicit the secondary causative factors of high hemoglobin and a complete blood count test to observe the blood cell parameters and JAK2V617F mutation test was performed in a subset of donors lacking secondary erythrocytosis (SE) history. RESULTS Of the total 7076 donors enrolled, 112 male donors (1.58%) had high hemoglobin. The majority (70.4%) were repeat donors with mean age of 31.4 years. About 61% of the donors had attributable factors for SE like smoking, occupational exposure to carbon monoxide. The mean hemoglobin value of capillary and venous hemoglobin demonstrated a statistically significant difference (P<0.05) where 2.7% of donors had venous Hb<18g/dL. The hematological profile of all the donors showed increased RBC but normal platelet and WBC count. Of 24 donors included for the JAK2V617F test, none had a positive report. CONCLUSION This study suggests high hemoglobin in blood donors is less likely due to PV. Hence, re-considering their deferral may help alleviate donor anxiety and allow donor return. However, multi-centric studies are required to develop consensus statements on PV risk status and blood donation eligibility.
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Kaur S, Mittal K, Kaur R, Kaur G, Kaur P, Sood T. Reporting of delayed adverse donor reactions in whole blood donors: Just the tip of an iceberg! Transfus Clin Biol 2021:S1246-7820(21)00523-1. [PMID: 34856397 DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The study was planned to determine the incidence and analyze how various epidemiological factors tend to be associated with delayed adverse donor reactions (ADR). MATERIAL AND METHODS The prospective observational study was conducted in Department of Transfusion Medicine of tertiary care hospital from January to December 2019. Eligible blood donors were observed for any adverse reactions after 15 minutes of removal of phlebotomy needle. Further, telephonic calls were made to each enrolled blood donor on day-2 and day-7 of the whole blood donation. For each day, two calls were made at an interval of 4 hours before declaring the participant to be non-responder. RESULTS A total of 1540 (84.1%) blood donors responded on day-2 and 1610 (87.9%) responded on day-7 of follow-up. Total 180 (11.2%) blood donors experienced delayed ADRs. Two donors (1.1%) experienced on-site while 178 (98.89%) reported off-site delayed ADRs when followed-up telephonically. The commonest delayed ADRs reported were bruise (n=72; 30.9%), arm-pain (n=61; 26.2%) and generalised weakness (n=44; 18.9%). Female donors (27.3% vs. 11.2%; P=0.004), first time donors (15.2 vs. 9.9%; P=0.002), donors with low body-weight (range of 45-60kg; 15.9% vs. 11.5% vs. 6.1%; P=0.011) and body mass index<18.5 (24% vs. 12.5% vs. 9.7% vs. 11.3%; P=0.028) experienced more delayed ADRs. CONCLUSION Blood donors do experience delayed ADRs but these are not reported to the blood centers as these are usually mild. However, it is important to capture these delayed adverse donor reactions and report it to National Hemovigilance Program so that strategies can be formulated to prevent their occurrence and recurrence.
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Ramondt S, Kerkhof P, Merz EM. Blood Donation Narratives on Social Media: A Topic Modeling Study. Transfus Med Rev 2021; 36:58-65. [PMID: 34810071 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Social media have shown great potential for producing significant changes in behavior and have become the cornerstone for many public health and agency efforts. The nonprofit sector -including blood collection agencies- has adopted social media to aid their cause and reach their goals. However, despite the tremendous impact of social media on society and its promising role for donor recruitment and retention, it has been overlooked in donor research. This study therefore sought to map the social media landscape around blood donation. We showcase an inductive computational method to make sense of vast amounts of dynamic unstructured blood donation text data that exists on social media. With this method, we display what is discussed about blood donation on social media, how these topics are distributed on Facebook and Twitter, and how the prevalence of these topics changes over time. We applied structural topic modeling on 7 years of Dutch blood donation Facebook and Twitter data by the general public. We found 25 topics clustered in 6 distinct clusters. Over time, there is a substantial reduction of messages in which donors announce their donations. Topics that emphasize the positives of blood donation, including donor identity-related topics, are rising. In addition, the findings show a clear social media platform contrast. Topics related to campaigns and controversial policies were found more on Twitter and positive donation topics and topics related to the donation process more on Facebook. To make optimal use of social media for recruitment and retention campaigns and efforts, blood collection agencies should recognize the turbulent environment in which they take place. Monitoring public opinions about blood donation will help blood collection agencies make strategic choices and utilize social media more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Ramondt
- Donor Studies, Department. of Donor Medicine Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Communication Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Peter Kerkhof
- Department of Communication Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eva-Maria Merz
- Donor Studies, Department. of Donor Medicine Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Center for Philanthropic Studies, Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Kale P, Patel N, Gupta E, Bajpai M. SARS-Coronavirus-2 seroprevalence in asymptomatic healthy blood donors: Indicator of community spread. Transfus Apher Sci 2021;:103293. [PMID: 34686444 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2021.103293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background The Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by SARS -Corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been a major concern the world over. Serological surveillance is an important tool to assess the spread of infection in the community. This study attempted to assess the prevalence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 among blood donors in Delhi, India during the pre-vaccination period. Methods Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV2-2 IgG antibodies were determined in blood donors reporting to the Department of Transfusion medicine at a tertiary care hepatobiliary center, in India from September to October 2020. The SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies against spike subunit 1 protein were measured using the enhanced chemiluminescence method. Results A total of 1066 blood donors were screened. The overall seropositivity for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies was 27.57 % (294/1066). The highest seropositivity was seen in the age group 26−35 years, 46.6 % (137/492), followed by 18−25 years, 28.2 % (83/260), 36−45 years, 19.4 % (57/244), and more than 45 years, 5.8 % (17/70). The seropositivity in the donors who had donated blood previously was 26.1 % (189/723). There was no statistically significant difference amongst seroprevalence in the blood groups, AB blood group (32.6 %, 95 % CI 23.02−43.3), group B (27.2 %, 95 % CI 22.8−32.09 %), group A (27.1 %, 95 % CI 21.8−32.9 %), and group O (27.02 %, 95 % CI 22.3−32.1 %) (p 0.539). Conclusions There was significantly higher seropositivity for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the voluntary healthy blood donors indicating community spread and large number of asymptomatic cases in Delhi. Higher seroprevalence in younger adults indicated increased exposure to the virus and lack of COVID appropriate behaviour.
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Yonemura Y. [Emerging infectious disease and transfusion-transmitted infection]. Rinsho Ketsueki 2021; 62:1296-1301. [PMID: 34497219 DOI: 10.11406/rinketsu.62.1296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV infections are well-known infectious diseases caused by blood products, but recently there have been almost no reports. In 2011, hepatitis E virus (HEV) antibody test was covered by insurance in Japan, and certain numbers of transfusion-transmitted HEV were reported, and five cases were recognized in 2019. As the Japanese Red Cross has started to examine individual NAT of HEV for all blood donors since August 2020, and the number of transfusion-transmitted HEV will decrease. In addition, Trypanosoma cruzi antibody test for selective blood donors has been examined since August 2016, and the risk of Chagas disease infection by blood transfusion will be decreased. In the future, it is important for protecting against the transfusion-transmitted infection to inspect bacterial tests and know the information of emerging infectious disease occurring overseas. When the emerging infectious diseases such as DENV (dengue virus), WNV (West Nile virus), Zika (Zika virus) and CHIKV (chikungunya virus) occur in Japan, it is necessary to stimulate countermeasures and prepare what kind of tests should be performed for blood donors or criteria for blood donation.
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Kamminga S, van Rijn AL, de Brouwer CS, Rotmans JI, Zaaijer HL, Feltkamp MCW. JC and Human polyomavirus 9 after kidney transplantation: An exploratory serological cohort study. J Clin Virol 2021; 143:104944. [PMID: 34450559 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2021.104944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human polyomaviruses (HPyVs) cause disease in immunocompromised patients. BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) for instance persistently infects the kidneys. In kidney transplant recipients, (KTRs) BKPyV can cause allograft nephropathy. JCPyV, MCPyV, TSPyV and HPyV9 reside in the kidneys too, or have been detected in urine. In this study, we investigate exposure to JCPyV, MCPyV, TSPyV and HPyV9 after kidney transplantation by serological means. MATERIALS AND METHODS Serum samples from 310 KTR collected before and 6 months after transplantation (n = 620), from 279 corresponding kidney donors collected before transplantation, and from blood donor controls collected one year apart (n = 174) were assessed for HPyV species-specific IgG responses using a multiplex immunoassay. KTR HPyV IgG kinetics were compared to those of healthy blood donors by linear mixed modeling, and related to those of their donors by linear regression. RESULTS In the KTR, increased IgG levels during follow-up were observed for JCPyV (14.8%), MCPyV (7.1%), TSPyV (10.6%), and for HPyV9 (8.1%), while blood donor antibody levels remained stable. Seroconversion was observed for JCPyV (6.5%), MCPyV (2.3%), TSPyV (1.3%), and for HPyV9 (6.5%). The linear mixed model analysis showed that antibody increase was significant for JCPyV (p < 0.001) and HPyV9 (p < 0.001). Post-transplant JCPyV and HPyV9 antibody responses were associated with donor antibody levels against these HPyVs, respectively. CONCLUSIONS KTR are exposed to JCPyV and HPyV9 after transplantation. Whether the allograft serves as the source, as indicated by the donor serostatus association, deserves further study.
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Abstract
Cross-sectional studies of the prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 in representative groups are routinely used for surveillance of public health in Norway. The group of blood donors is easily accessible to provide an estimate over the infection prevalence. Repeated testing of returning donors also generates data about the duration of the antibody response following infection and vaccination. The aim of the current study was to provide updated information about the development of the pandemic in the blood donor population, and to estimate the number of asymptomatic donors visiting the blood center, in an effort to evaluate the measures to prevent virus spreading between donors and staff. In the two main blood banks in the Oslo area, all blood donors were offered antibody testing for a period of three months. Almost 12,000 donors were tested, and the mean weekly prevalence of antibody positive donors due to infection was 2.7 % (varied from 2.1 to 4.0 %). The number of donors presenting following vaccination was 810 (6.9 %). An average of 38 % of the infections had been asymptomatic, and 31 % of the antibody-positive donors were unaware of having been infected. In conclusion, the proportion of blood donors seropositive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 in our blood centers was stable whereas the number of vaccinated blood donors rapidly increased. This indicates that the virus spreading in the third wave of infection in the Oslo area mainly happened in groups underrepresented as blood donors. Health care workers prioritized for early vaccination may be overrepresented in the study period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marte Hvalryg
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
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Abstract
Background Screening for cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific antibodies is not routine in some settings. Thus, transfusion of blood products poses risks for susceptible individuals. Objectives To investigate the global pooled CMV seroprevalence among volunteer blood donors. Methods This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. The databases searched included Embase, Google Scholar, Medline, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. Data were extracted independently and analyzed using STATA version 11. Results The global seroprevalence of CMV IgG, CMV IgM, and both CMV IgM and IgG was 83.16% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 78.55–87.77%, I2 = 99.5%), 13.77% (95% CI: 11.59–15.95%, I2 = 98.8%), and 23.78% (95% CI: 10.50–37.06%, I2 = 98.7), respectively. Conclusion The global seroprevalence of CMV was high among blood donors. Therefore, regular CMV screening should be conducted to identify CMV-seronegative blood donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiruneh Adane
- Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Solomon Getawa
- Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Fu P, Lin B, Wu B, Ke L, Yang T, Du Y, Cheng L, Li Z, Li T, Liu Y. Hepatitis E virus prevalence among blood donors in Dali, China. Virol J 2021; 18:141. [PMID: 34233712 PMCID: PMC8261953 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-021-01607-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a nonenveloped RNA virus causing hepatitis E worldwide. The increase in transfusion-transmitted cases of HEV infections from asymptomatic blood donors causing serious illnesses among immunosuppressed recipients has been reported in the past few years. China is one of the most prevalent regions of HEV; as a result, it is important to evaluate the risk of transfusion-transmitted HEV. METHODS A total of 1864 serum samples (including demographic characteristics) from blood donors were randomly collected from February to March 2018 in Dali city. Anti-HEV IgG, IgM and IgA antibodies and HEV antigen were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). HEV RNA was detected by real-time PCR. Multivariable logistic regression modelling was used to examine the risk factors associated with HEV prevalence. RESULTS Overall, the positive rates of anti-HEV IgG, IgM, and IgA antibodies were 13.36% (249/1864), 1.13% (21/1864), and 1.82% (34/1864), respectively. However, none of the 1864 serum samples were HEV antigen positive or HEV RNA positive. Females (16.69%) had a significantly higher HEV seroprevalence than males (13.04%) (odds ratio [OR] 1.34 [95% CI, 1.02-1.75]). Bai (18.85%) donors had a significantly higher HEV seroprevalence than Han (12.21%) blood donors (odds ratio [OR], 1.65 [95% CI, 1.24-2.19] for Bai). CONCLUSIONS HEV showed a seroprevalence among blood donors in Yunnan Province, some of which were even recent infections, indicating a threat to the safety of blood transfusions. Whether to formulate a strategy for HEV screening in blood centres needs further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Fu
- Transfusion Medicine Research Center, The Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Baochai Lin
- Transfusion Medicine Research Center, The Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Bingting Wu
- Transfusion Medicine Research Center, The Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Ling Ke
- Transfusion Medicine Research Center, The Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, 610052, China
| | | | - Yue'e Du
- Dali Blood Center, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Lishan Cheng
- Transfusion Medicine Research Center, The Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Zhou Li
- Transfusion Medicine Research Center, The Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Tiancheng Li
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Gakuen 4-7-1, Musashi-murayama, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan.
| | - Yu Liu
- Transfusion Medicine Research Center, The Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, 610052, China.
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Kasraian L, Imanieh MH, Tabrizi R, Shahriarirad R, Erfani A, Hosseini S. Prevalence of HBV and HCV Infections in Iranian Blood Donors; An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Middle East J Dig Dis 2021; 13:237-252. [PMID: 36606217 PMCID: PMC9489455 DOI: 10.34172/mejdd.2021.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Awareness of the prevalence of hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections, as blood transmitted infections, among blood donors can help policymakers improve the guidelines, share experiences, and estimate the blood safety over the country and in the region. We aimed to determine the prevalence of HBV and HCV infection in Iranian blood donors based on the present published literature. METHODS A meta-analysis was carried out based on the results of an electronic literature search in the international and national databases for all articles published until October 2020. We selected studies that had appropriate sampling and valid statistical analysis as well as proper measurement methods. The heterogenic indices of the studies were determined using Cochran's (Q) and I-square (I2) tests. According to the heterogeneity results, a fixed or random-effects model was implemented to estimate the pooled prevalence of HBV and HCV. Meta-regression was conducted to explore the suspected sources of heterogeneity. RESULTS We included 61 and 58 eligible studies related to HBV and HCV, respectively. The pooled prevalence of HBV was 0.57% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.47 - 0.67, I2: 99.9%) among the blood donors. The range of prevalence rates of HBV was between 0.10% and 2.34% in different areas of Iran. The pooled prevalence of HCV was 0.22% (95% CI: 0.20 - 0.24, I2: 98.64%) in blood donors, which varied between 0.02% and 1.09% in separate locations. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses revealed that the year of publication, geographical location, and quality of the studies probably generated the heterogeneity. CONCLUSION The prevalence of HBV and HCV decreased steadily in Iranian blood donors during the past two decades. It should be asserted that most of the health policies and safety measures taken in recent years in Iran have been effective and promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Kasraian
- Department of Fars Blood Transfusion Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Imanieh
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
,Corresponding Author: Mohammad Hossein Imanieh, MD Gastroenterohepatology Research Center,Nemazee Hospital Nemazee square, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Telefax: + 98 71 36474316
| | - Reza Tabrizi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
,Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Shahriarirad
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Erfani
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sahar Hosseini
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Nagervadze M, Tsintsadze I, Akhvlediani L, Koiava T, Tskvitinidze S, Khukhunaishvili R, Koridze M. ABO system combination with Rh, Kell and MN group in Georgian blood donors. Am J Blood Res 2021; 11:132-139. [PMID: 34079626 PMCID: PMC8165715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED There are numerous scientific data about the study of the prevalence of blood group antigens in the different donor population. Several studies showed that the profile of major blood group antigens is not similar in blood donors from different local areas. RESEARCH OBJECTIVE Our scientific goal was to study of the prevalence blood group antigens in the Georgian blood donor population. In the current study, we analyzed the 48 phenotypically combinations based on four major (ABO, Rh, Kell, and MN) blood groups. RESEARCH METHODS The blood of 1009 donors has been studied on RBC antigens. The sample were collected from the diagnostic laboratory of Medina Ltd Health Centre of Batumi. Blood typing of the sample has been carried out on the basis of the immunogenetics laboratory of Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University. The universal monoclone antibodies was used for identify minor blood group antigens. We used as forward as reverse grouping methods. For identification erythrocytes, blood group antigens also were used ID cards, such as ABO/D + Reverse Grouping. RESULT 12 phenotypic combinations have been identified in each O, A, B, AB group of ABO system. Out of 48 theoretically possible phenotypic combinations, we can actually find 1,9 times less phenotypes and the real amount is 25 phenotypes. The remaining 23 phenotypic combinations have not been observed in the studied donors. These are: 1. O, Rh-K+ MM; 2. O, Rh-K- MN; 3. O, Rh-K- NN; 4. A, Rh-K+ MN; 5. A, Rh-K+ MM; 6. A, Rh-K+ NN; 7. A, Rh-K- MM; 8. A, Rh-K- NN; 9. B, Rh+K+ NN; 10. B, Rh-K+ MN; 11. B, Rh-K+ MM; 12. B, Rh-K+ NN; 13. B, Rh-K- MN; 14. B, Rh-K- MM; 15. B, Rh-K- NN; 16. AB, Rh+K+ MN; 17. AB, Rh+K+ NN; 18. AB, Rh+K- NN; 19. AB, Rh+K- MM; 20. AB, Rh-K+ MN; 21. AB, Rh-K+ MM; 22. AB, Rh-K+ NN; 23. B, Rh-K- NN. The value of χ2 in the case is equal to 3221,16. The P-Value is < .00001. The result is significant at P < .05. Out of 1009 studied donors 349 are carriers of phenotypic group A (II), while 19 donors carry AB (IV) group specification. This means that 36.23% of the studied donors have A antigen on the surface of erythrocyte membrane. The majority of them A1 subgroup. CONCLUSION As our research showed there is a quit high polymorphism of blood group phenotype combinations in Georgian blood donors in the example of one clinic. This kind of data is very important for the clinics' rational preparation of whole blood or blood components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Nagervadze
- Biology Department, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State UniversityBatumi, Georgia
- Medical Faculty, Bau International UniversityBatumi, Georgia
| | - Irine Tsintsadze
- Biology Department, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State UniversityBatumi, Georgia
- Medical Faculty, Bau International UniversityBatumi, Georgia
| | - Leila Akhvlediani
- Biology Department, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State UniversityBatumi, Georgia
- Medical Faculty, Bau International UniversityBatumi, Georgia
| | - Tea Koiava
- Departament of Clinical Medicine, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State UniversityBatumi, Georgia
| | - Sophiko Tskvitinidze
- Medical Faculty, Bau International UniversityBatumi, Georgia
- Departament of Clinical Medicine, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State UniversityBatumi, Georgia
| | | | - Marina Koridze
- Biology Department, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State UniversityBatumi, Georgia
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Yılmaz A, Yazıcı E, Turk C. Assessment of seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in blood donors applied to the blood center of Gazi university hospital. Iran J Microbiol 2021; 13:243-247. [PMID: 34540160 PMCID: PMC8408027 DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v13i2.5986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Toxoplasmosis is a life-threatening zoonotic infection in immunosuppressive individuals. Determining the prevalence and seropositivity rates of toxoplasmosis in asymptomatic blood donors is crucial in terms of the risk status of the transmission of this infection to the blood recipients. Materials and Methods: In this study, the presence and level of the specific Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies in blood donors was investigated by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA). The statistical significance levels between Toxoplasma seropositivity and demographic characteristics of the donors such as age, educational status, raw meat consumption, drinking water supply were examined. Results: Toxoplasma IgG seropositivity was found among the 225 (25.6%) of the donors present in the study group, while IgM seropositivity was detected in 20 donors (2.3%). The number of donors with only IgM (+) was 8 (0.9%). Both IgG and IgM seropositivities were found in 12 donors (1.4%). Conclusion: Our study provides information about Toxoplasma seropositivity based on the samples collected from the donors who were admitted to the blood center of a university hospital in Ankara, Turkey. This study demonstrates that Toxoplasma seropositivity is high in the rural areas and the regions where the education level is low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşegül Yılmaz
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Engin Yazıcı
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Can Turk
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara, Turkey
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Abstract
Background Human polyomavirus 6 (HPyV6) and HPyV7 are two of the novel polyomaviruses that were originally detected in non-diseased skin. Serological studies have shown that these viruses are ubiquitous in the healthy adult population with seroprevalence up to 88% for HPyV6 and 72% for HPyV7. Both viruses are associated with pruritic skin eruption in immunocompromised patients, but a role with other diseases in immunoincompetent patients or malignancies has not been established. Methods PCR was used to determine the presence of HPyV6 and HPyV7 DNA in urine samples from systemic lupus erythematosus (n = 73), multiple sclerosis (n = 50), psoriasis vulgaris (n = 15), arthritic psoriasis (n = 15) and HIV-positive patients (n = 66). In addition, urine from pregnant women (n = 47) and healthy blood donors (n = 20) was investigated. Results HPyV6 DNA was detected in 21 (28.8%) of the urine specimens from SLE patients, in 6 (9.1%) of the urine samples from the HIV-positive cohort, and in 19 (40.4%) samples from pregnant women. HPyV7 DNA was only found in 6 (8.2%) of the urine specimens from SLE patients and in 4 (8.5%) samples from pregnant women. No HPyV6 and HPyV7 viruria was detected in the urine samples from the other patients. Conclusions HPyV6, and to a lesser extend HPyV7, viruria seems to be common in SLE and HIV-positive patients, and pregnant women. Whether these viruses are of clinical relevance in these patients is not known.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Prezioso
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Microbiology of Chronic Neuro-Degenerative Pathologies, IRCSS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Marijke Van Ghelue
- Department of Medical Genetics, Division of Child and Adolescent Health, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ugo Moens
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Valeria Pietropaolo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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Chang L, Ou S, Shan Z, Zhu F, Ji H, Rong X, Guo F, Jiang X, Sun H, Yan Y, Wang L. Seroprevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus infection among blood donors in China: a first nationwide survey. Retrovirology 2021; 18:2. [PMID: 33413457 PMCID: PMC7791705 DOI: 10.1186/s12977-020-00546-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background So far, the prevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) type 1 and 2 in some highly populated countries such as China is still unknown. In this study, a multi-center nationwide serological survey was designed and performed, to reveal the seroprevalence of HTLV infection among Chinese blood donors. Results Among 8,411,469 blood donors from 155 blood establishments, 435 were finally confirmed as HTLV carriers. The prevalence of HTLV infection in China varied in different provinces: Fujian had the highest prevalence of 36.240/100,000 (95% CI 31.990–41.050) and eleven provinces did not find HTLV-seropositive donors in the three years. no HTLV-2 infection was found. The overall prevalence of HTLV-1 in China decreased from 2016 to 2018. Female was identified as an independent risk factor of HTLV infection in China. Besides, seroconversion was observed in two of seven seroindeterminate donors 85 and 250 days after their last donation, respectively. Conclusions The seroprevalence of HTLV infection in most areas of China among blood donors is quite low, but it varies significantly in different geographic areas. Screening anti-HTLV-1/2 antibody and follow-up of serointederminate donors are essential to ensure blood safety especially in areas where we have found HTLV infected donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Chang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanhai Ou
- Xiamen Blood Center, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengang Shan
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Faming Zhu
- Transfusion Research institute, Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huimin Ji
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Rong
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Guo
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Jiang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huizhen Sun
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Yan
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lunan Wang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China. .,Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China. .,Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Yanasik M, Oguz FS, Besisik SK, Huslu M, Ozturk G, Temurhan S, Aydin F. Frequency of RHD variants in serologically weak D Turkish blood donors. Transfus Apher Sci 2020; 60:103024. [PMID: 33308979 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2020.103024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND RhD typing has remained of primary importance, as being the leading cause of hemolytic disease of the newborn. Among Rh system's 55 blood group antigens, RhD is the most immunogenic. We aimed with this study to determine weak D/partial D variant frequency in blood donors who were admitted to our blood center and have serologically designated blood group weak D. MATERIALS AND METHODS We screened blood donors who admitted between 2011 and 2017 to our blood center. Sixty-seven serologically weak D phenotyped donors have participated in the study. These donors' samples were studied further by Polymerase Chain Reaction Sequence- Specific Primers (PCR-SSP) for determining D variants. RESULTS Weak D phenotype was detected in 228(0.12 %) out of 177,554 donors. Sixty-seven of them agreed to take part in the study. The frequency of weak D and partial D was 68.7 % (n = 46), and 22.4 % (n = 15), in order. The most encountered weak D and partial D variant was type 15 and DFR type, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of serologically weak D phenotypes varies by race and ethnicity. Turkey is a country covering a mixture of European and Asian DNA with different ethnic groups. Thus, our research as giving the overall distribution of RHD variants from the largest city of Turkey, which may reflect the general ethnic background of the country, would help to the establishment of a databank for blood banking. This paper is the first molecular study on RHD variants in Turkey. New molecular research would be more reliable and precise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melek Yanasik
- Istanbul Medical Faculty Hospital Blood Center, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatma Savran Oguz
- Istanbul Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | | | - Mukadder Huslu
- Istanbul Medical Faculty Hospital Blood Center, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gulyuz Ozturk
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology & Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, School of Medicine, Altunizade Hospital, Acıbadem University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sonay Temurhan
- Istanbul Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Filiz Aydin
- Istanbul Science University, Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul, Turkey
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Kabamba AT, Kalunga BT, Mwamba CM, Nyembo CM, Dufrasne F, Dessilly G, Kabamba BM, Longanga AO. Epidemiological aspects and molecular characterization of the hepatitis B virus among blood donors in Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo. Transfus Clin Biol 2020; 28:30-37. [PMID: 33232802 DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2020.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The strains of HBV circulating among blood donors in Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), are not yet characterized. The purpose of this study was to determine seroprevalence, changes in biochemical parameters during HBV infection and molecular characterization of HBV in blood donors in Lubumbashi. METHODS The detection of HBsAg was carried out by rapid diagnostic test then confirmed by the Liaison XL® Quant HBsAg technique. PCR targeting the P gene was carried out on LightCycler® 96 and genotyping by the sequencing technique on ABI 3500. RESULTS The seroprevalence was 7.9%. The genotypes E (53.1%), A (41.8%), A3/E (3.8%), A1/E (1.3%) and some drug resistance mutations were identified. Disturbances of HDL-cholesterol, direct bilirubin, transaminases (ASAT and ALAT), PAL, GGT and albumin have been observed in HBsAg positive blood donors. CONCLUSION The results of our study indicated that Lubumbashi is in a region with high endemicity for HBV and report for the first time HBV of genotypes A, E, A1/E and A3/E. They highlight the need to implement strategies to improve transfusion safety in blood transfusion centers and hospital blood banks in Lubumbashi in order to reduce HBV infection in recipients. They could also contribute to the implementation of treatment strategies and the development of mapping of circulating HBV genotypes in the DRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Kabamba
- Laboratoire de biologie clinique, faculté des sciences pharmaceutiques, université de Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo; Pôle de microbiologie, institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique, université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - B T Kalunga
- Laboratoire de biologie clinique, faculté des sciences pharmaceutiques, université de Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - C M Mwamba
- Faculté de médecine, université de Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - C M Nyembo
- Faculté de médecine, université de Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - F Dufrasne
- Pôle de microbiologie, institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique, université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - G Dessilly
- Pôle de microbiologie, institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique, université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - B M Kabamba
- Pôle de microbiologie, institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique, université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A O Longanga
- Laboratoire de biologie clinique, faculté des sciences pharmaceutiques, université de Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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Ray GK, Mukherjee S, Routray SS, Prakash S. Tn Red cell polyagglutination in a healthy blood donor: A case report. Transfus Apher Sci 2020; 60:103013. [PMID: 33272849 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2020.103013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Polyagglutination is a rare entity in immunohematology and unusually presents in a healthy blood donor. The general presentation was described in the literature in association with bacterial infections, which result in the exposure of crypt antigens. Nowadays, polyagglutination is rarely detected due to the use of monoclonal antisera. Our case report describes the presence of Tn polyagglutination in a healthy adult blood donor with no prior history of any infection in the recent past. METHODS Immunohematology work-up for incompatible cross-match was done in the serology lab using commercially procured antisera and column agglutination gel card (Tulip Diagnostics India Pvt. Ltd, Goa, India). The three cell-screening panel was procured commercially (ID Dia cell I, II, III; Bio-Rad, Switzerland), and in-house lectin was prepared as per the standard method. RESULT We have come across a case of incompatible cross-match with negative antibody screen, auto-control, and Negative direct coombs test. Cross-match with multiple adult serum and cord serum gives us a clue towards polyagglutination. Further, Polyagglutination was confirmed serologically using anti-A1 lectin and later concludes of Tn type by lectin prepared in-house from Salvia Sclarea. CONCLUSION Resolution of incompatible cross-match in a case of polyagglutination needs a skilled workforce and rare reagents. Identification of reason for incompatibility helps in an early issue of blood units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Krushna Ray
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
| | - Somnath Mukherjee
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
| | | | - Satya Prakash
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
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Rutherford-Parker NJ, Colby JM, Gehrie EA, Booth GS. Unrecognized Hemoglobin Variants in the Donor Blood Supply Are Detectable in the Transfused Population. Am J Clin Pathol 2020; 154:494-498. [PMID: 32651584 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqaa061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The US Food and Drug Administration requires donated blood to be tested for various infectious diseases to ensure safety and purity. However, testing for hemoglobin variants is not required, despite reported occurrences of hemoglobin variant transfusion and concerns about the safety of such transfusions. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of hemoglobin variants within the blood supply. METHODS We performed a 2-part study. First, we tested all RBC units in our blood bank by high-performance liquid chromatography for the presence of hemoglobin variants. Second, we performed a retrospective analysis of hemoglobin variant testing completed for routine management of sickle cell disease patients at our institution over a 5-month period to identify cases of hemoglobin variant transfusion. RESULTS We found that 2 of 476 (0.4%) RBC units in our blood bank contained a hemoglobin variant, and 5 of 563 (0.9%) sickle cell patients seen at our institution in a 5-month period were transfused with RBCs containing a hemoglobin variant. CONCLUSIONS We confirmed that hemoglobin variants are present within the blood supply, and the frequency of hemoglobin variant transfusion is elevated for patients with sickle cell disease given the increased prevalence of hemoglobin variants in the population of matched donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola J Rutherford-Parker
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Jennifer M Colby
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Eric A Gehrie
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Garrett S Booth
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
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Chueca M, Bouvet G, Duron-Martinaud S, Doyen M, Poirrier L, Martinaud C. Iron-deficiency among blood donors: Donors' opinion on iron supplementation strategy. Transfus Clin Biol 2020; 27:218-221. [PMID: 32841738 DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Each donation of a single whole blood unit causes a 200-250mg iron loss. The main clinical manifestation of iron deficiency among blood donors is anemia, and every blood collection establishment must have measures in place to minimize and prevent iron depletion in blood donors, according to the European guidelines. However, iron deficiency without anemia is also associated with clinical manifestations. The management of iron deficiency is an acute issue; still, no consensus on its managements exists. One possibility is iron supplementation; however, the acceptability of such a measure is still unknown, so we asked donors' opinions on this topic. MATERIALS AND METHODS Over a 2-month period, a questionnaire was voluntarily completed by blood donors at the French Military Blood Institute. Gender, age, number of donations in the last 12 months, and preference between iron supplementation and general practitioner consultation for management of iron deficiency were recorded. RESULTS One thousand nine hundred and seventy-four questionnaires were returned. Donors between ages 18-50 represented 89% of respondents. Altogether, 49% declared that they would rather visit their general practitioner and 46% would rather receive iron supplementation. There were no significant differences correlated with gender or age. However, a higher number of prior donations was significantly associated with a preference for iron supplementation. Frequent female donors had an even stronger preference for iron supplementation. CONCLUSION Our results showed that there are no strong objections to iron supplementation, which could be an acceptable option for frequent donors - the main population at risk for iron deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chueca
- French Military Blood Institute, 1, rue Raoul-Batany, 92140 Clamart, France
| | - G Bouvet
- French Military Blood Institute, 1, rue Raoul-Batany, 92140 Clamart, France
| | - S Duron-Martinaud
- French Military Health Service Directorate, Fort-de-Montrouge, 94000 Arcueil, France
| | - M Doyen
- French Military Blood Institute, 1, rue Raoul-Batany, 92140 Clamart, France
| | - L Poirrier
- French Military Blood Institute, 1, rue Raoul-Batany, 92140 Clamart, France
| | - C Martinaud
- French Military Blood Institute, 1, rue Raoul-Batany, 92140 Clamart, France.
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40
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Adamo MP, Blanco S, Viale F, Rivadera S, Rodríguez-Lombardi G, Pedranti M, Carrizo H, Gallego S. Human parvovirus B19 frequency among blood donors after an epidemic outbreak: relevance of the epidemiological scenario for transfusion medicine. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03869. [PMID: 32395652 PMCID: PMC7210410 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the frequency of human parvovirus B19 (B19V) infected individuals, viral loads and immunity among blood donors from Argentina, in a post-epidemic outbreak period. B19V DNA and specific IgG were tested in minimum study samples of donors attending a blood bank at Córdoba, Argentina, in 2014. Anti-B19V IgM and viral loads were determined in B19V-positive plasma samples. Seven of 731 samples (0.96%) resulted positive, corresponding to individuals aged 32-53 years, four of them repeat donnors and three first-time donors. Viral loads were <103 IU/mL. None had IgM and 6/7 had IgG, one of them at a high level (in the range of 100-200 IU/ml, and the remaining 5 at low to medium level, 5-50 IU/ml). Thus one case was classified as acute infection (DNA+/IgM-/IgG-) and six as potentially persistent infections (DNA+/IgM-/IgG+). No coinfections with other pathogens of mandatory control in the pre-transfusion screening were detected. Prevalence of IgG was 77.9% (279/358). This study provides the first data of B19V prevalence in blood donors in Argentina, demonstrating high rates of acute and persistent B19V infections and high prevalence of anti-B19V IgG in a post-epidemic period. Further research is needed to elucidate mechanisms/factors for B19V persistence as well as follow-up of recipients in the context of haemo-surveillance programs, contributing to the knowledge of B19V and blood transfusion safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Pilar Adamo
- Instituto de Virología “Dr. J. M. Vanella”, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
- Corresponding author.
| | - Sebastián Blanco
- Instituto de Virología “Dr. J. M. Vanella”, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
- Fundación Banco Central de Sangre de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Franco Viale
- Instituto de Virología “Dr. J. M. Vanella”, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Sabrina Rivadera
- Instituto de Virología “Dr. J. M. Vanella”, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gonzalo Rodríguez-Lombardi
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Laboratorio de Hemoderivados, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Mauro Pedranti
- Instituto de Virología “Dr. J. M. Vanella”, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Horacio Carrizo
- Fundación Banco Central de Sangre de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Sandra Gallego
- Instituto de Virología “Dr. J. M. Vanella”, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
- Fundación Banco Central de Sangre de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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Abstract
Objective: First-time blood donors are the most common group of blood donors. They usually have different motivations for blood donation, some of which provoke the donors to hide risk factors of transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs). Therefore, detection of TTIs among first-time donors is crucial and can decrease the rate of TTIs among blood recipients. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of TTIs among first-time donors in the transfusion center of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province (KBTC), Iran. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted with volunteer blood donors in 2004-2014 in the KBTC. Various data, including sex, confidential unit exclusion (CUE), previous donation history, and the laboratory findings of confirmatory tests, were extracted from blood donor software. Data were analyzed by SPSS using the chi-square test. Results: Among 198,501 blood donors, 52,527 (26.46%) were first-time donors, while 145,974 donors (73.54%) were repeat and regular donors. Most of the donors (94.5%) were male, while a minority (5.5%) were female. The CUE option was chosen by 2,237 (1.13%) donors. The incidence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) was 247 (0.13%) and 134 (0.07%) among the entire study population, respectively. Three donors (0.002%) had confirmed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), while none of the blood donors were positive for syphilis. Most of the donors with positive HBsAg (95.8%), HCV (86.6%), and HIV (100%) infection were first-time donors. Conclusion: Since TTIs are more common among first-time blood donors than regular and repeat donors, special considerations should be taken into account for this common group of blood donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Reza Niazkar
- Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Student Research Committee, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Akbar Dorgalaleh
- School of Allied Medical Science, Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Rad
- Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj, Iran,Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
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Peedin AR, Park YA, Mazepa MA, Siniard RC, Neish T, Raval JS. The Impact of an Undergraduate Biology Class on Donor Recruitment at a Hospital-Based Blood Donor Center. Am J Clin Pathol 2020; 153:368-373. [PMID: 31783402 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqz177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A biology class, BIOL 294H, taught undergraduates about platelet donation while partnering with the University of North Carolina's (UNC's) hospital-based Blood Donation Center to recruit apheresis platelet donors. We identified our platelet donors' demographics and learned how BIOL 294H affected recruitment. METHODS Every platelet donor presenting to the UNC Blood Donation Center from February 7, 2017, to March 10, 2017, was asked to complete an electronic 10-question survey. RESULTS A total of 159 unique donors completed the survey; 64% were female and 75% were between ages 18 and 25 years. Overall, 70% were UNC undergraduate students. Over half (56%) reported first learning about platelet donation through word of mouth, and 22% cited specific efforts associated with BIOL 294H. CONCLUSIONS Recruitment of undergraduate platelet donors primarily included BIOL 294H peer interactions and deliverables from the class, such as social media updates and events on campus. The sustained recruiting efforts of our students over many years contributed to recruitment of a majority of our platelet donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis R Peedin
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Yara A Park
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | | | - R Chad Siniard
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Thomas Neish
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Jay S Raval
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque
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Tilahun M, Shibabaw A, Kiflie A, Bewket G, Abate E, Gelaw B. Latent tuberculosis infection and associated risk factors among people living with HIV and apparently healthy blood donors at the University of Gondar referral hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. BMC Res Notes 2019; 12:515. [PMID: 31420007 PMCID: PMC6698024 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-019-4548-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Immuno-compromised individuals with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) are at an increased risk for tuberculosis reactivation compared with the general population. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) and apparently healthy blood donors. Human Immunodeficiency Virus positive individuals and for the purpose of comparison apparently healthy blood donors were enrolled. Blood sample was collected and tested for LTBI using QuantiFeron-TB Gold In-Tube assay (QFT-GIT) and CD4+ T cell count was determined by using BD FACS count. Results The overall prevalence of LTBI regardless of HIV status was 46%. The prevalence of LTBI among PLWH was 44% and that of blood donors 48%. ART naïve HIV positive patients were three times more likely to have LTBI than patients under ART treatment (P = 0.04). Data also showed statistically significant negative association between previous or current preventive INH therapy and LTBI among HIV positive cases (P = 0.005). The proportion of LTBI was slightly lower among HIV positive individuals than apparently healthy blood donors. Nevertheless, HIV positive individuals should be screened for LTBI and take INH prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mekdes Tilahun
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences (CMHS), The University of Gondar (UOG), P.O. box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Agumas Shibabaw
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences (CMHS), The University of Gondar (UOG), P.O. box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Amare Kiflie
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences (CMHS), The University of Gondar (UOG), P.O. box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Gezahegn Bewket
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences (CMHS), The University of Gondar (UOG), P.O. box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Ebba Abate
- Ethiopian Public Health Institute (EPHI), P.O. box 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Baye Gelaw
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences (CMHS), The University of Gondar (UOG), P.O. box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.
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Lee SJ, Min HK, Jang JS, Lee S, Chung Y, Kim MJ. Donor protection: Iron supplementation for frequent blood donors in Korea. Transfus Apher Sci 2019; 59:102611. [PMID: 31324576 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the effect of oral iron supplementation in frequent donors in Korea, based solely on donation history. STUDY DESIGN The hemoglobin (Hb) level, ferritin level, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), total iron binding capacity (TIBC), and transferrin saturation of frequent donors at high risk for iron deficiency were compared to those of first donors. The frequent donors took iron supplements for 4 weeks and the same tests were repeated after 2 and 4 weeks to evaluate their effects. RESULT A total of 53 male and 57 female frequent donors were recruited. After 4-week iron supplementation, among the men, the prevalence of a: low Hb level (<13.0 g/dL) decreased from 25% to 2%; low ferritin level (<15.0 ng/mL) decreased from 58% to 4%; iron deficient erythropoiesis (IDE) (log(sTfR/ferritin) ≥ 2.07) decreased from 77% to 33%. Among the women, the percentage of a: low Hb level (<12.0 g/dL) decreased from 44% to 9%; low ferritin level decreased from 79% to 11%; IDE decreased from 95% to 47%. In total, 15 male (28.3%) and 29 female (56.9%) blood donors reported undesirable side effects related to iron supplementation. No serious adverse events were reported. CONCLUSION Ferritin level, a reliable indicator of iron status, increased and IDE decreased significantly after four-week iron supplementation in the female, but not in the male, donor group, compared to those of control donors. Four-week oral iron supplement was not enough to restore iron storage level in the male donor group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Joon Lee
- College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, South Korea
| | - Hyuk Ki Min
- Quality Management Team, Korean Red Cross, 50 Hyeoksin-ro, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, 26465, South Korea
| | - Jin Sung Jang
- Quality Management Team, Korean Red Cross, 50 Hyeoksin-ro, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, 26465, South Korea
| | - Sangwoon Lee
- Manufacturing Management Department, Korean Red Cross Incheon Blood Center, 220 Hambangmoe-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21935, South Korea
| | - Yousun Chung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, 150 Seongan-ro, Gangdong-gu, Seoul 05355, South Korea
| | - Moon Jung Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Myongji-Hospital, 55, Hwasu-ro 14beon-gil, Deogyang-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10475, South Korea.
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45
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Mulugeta H, Dessie G, Wagnew F, Jara D, Leshargie CT, Negesse A. Seroprevalence and trend of human immunodeficiency virus among blood donors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:383. [PMID: 31060507 PMCID: PMC6501376 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-4012-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood transfusion is one of the routine therapeutic interventions in hospitals that can be lifesaving. However, this intervention is related to several transfusion-related infections. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is one of the major public health problems associated with blood transfusion. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to estimate seroprevalence and trend of human immunodeficiency virus among blood donors in Ethiopia. METHODS Studies on the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus among blood donors published until 2017 were accessed by conducting a detailed search on PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, EMBASE and CINAHL databases using the keywords:-"Seroprevalence" AND "trend" AND "HIV" OR "human" AND "immunodeficiency" AND "virus" OR "human immunodeficiency virus" AND "blood donors" OR "blood donors" OR "Ethiopia". The quality of each article was assessed using a modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analysis was carried out using a random-effects method. All statistical analyses were done using STATA version 11 software. RESULT The estimated pooled seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus among blood donors in Ethiopia was 2.69% (95% CI (1.79-3.58%)). The overall seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infection showed a significant decline trend from 2004 to 2016. CONCLUSION The overall seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus among blood donors in Ethiopia was high. Routine screening of donor blood for transfusion-transmissible infections is essential for ensuring the safety of blood transfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henok Mulugeta
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Science, Debre Markos University, P.O. Box 269, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
| | - Getenet Dessie
- Department of Nursing, School of health science, College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Fasil Wagnew
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Science, Debre Markos University, P.O. Box 269, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Dube Jara
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Debre Markos University, P.O. Box 269, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Cheru Tesema Leshargie
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Health Science, Debre Markos University, P.O. Box 269, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Ayenew Negesse
- Department of Human nutrition and food science, College of Health Science, Debre Markos University, P.O. Box 269, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
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Reddy K V, Shastry S, Raturi M, Baliga B P. Impact of Regular Whole-Blood Donation on Body Iron Stores. Transfus Med Hemother 2019; 47:75-79. [PMID: 32110197 DOI: 10.1159/000499768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Regular and repeat blood donations may cause reduced body iron stores (BIS), which may lead to a shrinking donor pool. Furthermore, hemoglobin (Hb) itself is quite an inadequate measure to detect iron deficiency. Hence, our primary aim was to understand the effect of repeated blood donations on BIS in regular blood donors. Study Design and Setting We conducted a prospective study on voluntary whole-blood donors (September 2015 through August 2017). Donor demographics were noted. Donors were further divided into four groups, depending on their number of donations. Their samples were tested for Hb, red cell indices, and serum ferritin to check for reduced BIS. The data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 20 (IBM, USA). Results A total of 374 regular voluntary blood donors were included in the study. The mean serum ferritin levels in males and females were 75.4 and 36.2µg/L, respectively. There was a 45% decrement in the mean serum ferritin values in Group I (101.57 µg/L) in contrast to Group III (56.69 µg/L) (p < 0.0032). In the study, 9.8, 11.2, and 4.8% of the donors were in Stage 1, Stage 2, and Stage 3 of reduced BIS, respectively. Of the donors, 11.2% were in Stage 2 of reduced BIS. Further donations in such cases can compromise donor safety. Conclusion The present study demonstrates iron depletion in regular voluntary blood donors. In 11.2% of the donors, iron deficiency erythropoiesis was noted. A ferritin screening after the first donation followed up at the tenth donation might help detect iron-deficient individuals. Iron supplementation for all regular blood donors and female donors in particular will help prevent the shrinking donor pool due to iron deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayram Reddy K
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Shamee Shastry
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | | | - Poornima Baliga B
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
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47
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Lauden SM, Chongwain S, Achidi A, Helm E, Cusick SE, Krug A, Slusher TM, Lund TC. Prevalence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in Cameroonian blood donors. BMC Res Notes 2019; 12:195. [PMID: 30940186 PMCID: PMC6444568 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-019-4226-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Deficiency in G6PD is the most common enzymopathy worldwide. It is frequently found in individuals of African descent in whom it can lead to hemolytic crises triggered by the use of certain antimalarial medications and infection. The prevalence of G6PD deficiency and its contribution to morbidity in West Africa is under-studied. To understand the prevalence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency in West African blood donors. Results We evaluated the G6PD status and infectious disease screening tests of 1001 adult male Cameroonian blood donors (mean age 31.7 ± 9.8 years). The prevalence of G6PD deficiency was 7.9%. There was no difference in levels of hemoglobin or ABO subtype between those who were G6PD-normal compared to those that were deficient. Interestingly, G6PD-normal vs. deficient blood donors were less likely to have screened positive for hepatitis C virus (p = 0.02) and rapid plasma reagin (indicative of syphilis, p = 0.03). There was no significant difference in hepatitis B sAg, HIV-1, or HIV-2 reactivity between those with vs. without G6PD sufficiency. These data suggest that G6PD deficiency is common among West African male blood donors and may be associated with specific infectious disease exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M Lauden
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Ethan Helm
- Mbingo Baptist Hospital, Mbingo, Cameroon
| | - Sarah E Cusick
- Division of Global Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Amelia Krug
- Division of Global Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Tina M Slusher
- Division of Global Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Troy C Lund
- Division of Global Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. .,Global Pediatrics, Stem Cell Institute, Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, University of Minnesota, MMC 366, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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Chen X, Gong P, Wagner AL, Li Y, Wang G, Lu Y. Identification of hepatitis E virus subtype 4f in blood donors in Shanghai, China. Virus Res 2019; 265:30-33. [PMID: 30836112 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) has been divided into eight genotypes and approximately thirty subtypes. Past studies of blood donors have revealed a substantial prevalence of HEV infection. We examined anti-HEV antibodies and HEV RNA in Chinese voluntary blood donors (VBDs). Blood specimens were collected during 2010-2011, 2014-2015, and 2018, and tested for anti-HEV IgG and IgM antibodies. HEV RNA was tested using real-time PCR and nested reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR). Phylogenetic analysis determined the genotype using MEGA 7.0. Among 4044 VBDs, 2774 were men (68.6%). In total, 19.8% and 1.1% of the VBDs were reactive to anti-HEV IgG and IgM, respectively. The seroprevalence of anti-HEV IgG was significantly associated with age and time period (P < 0.05), whereas anti-HEV IgM was associated with anti-Treponema pallidum and time period (P < 0.05). A total of five specimens were positive for HEV RNA with normal ALT levels. Subtype 4f (n=1; in the specimens reactive to anti-HEV IgM) and 4d (n=3; 1 in the specimens reactive to anti-HEV IgM and 2 in the anti-HEV negative specimens) were found. The last specimen positive for HEV RNA was not genotyped due to failure in amplifying the partial sequence. In conclusion, our study identified HEV subtype 4f for the first time in China. Additionally, we confirmed the high prevalence of HEV in Chinese VBDs. These findings suggest a substantial risk of transfusion-transmitted HEV. Therefore, screening for HEV among Chinese VBDs might be warranted to prevent further transfusion-mediated spread of HEV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety (Ministry of Education), Fudan University School of Public Health, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Ping Gong
- Pudong New Area Blood Center, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Abram L Wagner
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| | - Yixuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety (Ministry of Education), Fudan University School of Public Health, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Guanhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety (Ministry of Education), Fudan University School of Public Health, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Yihan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety (Ministry of Education), Fudan University School of Public Health, Shanghai, 200032, China; Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, 200136, China.
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Bialkowski W, Blank RD, Zheng C, Gottschall JL, Papanek PE. Impact of frequent apheresis blood donation on bone density: A prospective, longitudinal, randomized, controlled trial. Bone Rep 2018; 10:100188. [PMID: 30581893 PMCID: PMC6297840 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2018.100188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Blood for transfusion is lifesaving and essential to many elements of modern medical practice. The global blood supply relies on volunteer blood donors. Apheresis is increasingly used to collect blood and requires anticoagulant to prevent extracorporeal coagulation. Citrate, the standard apheresis anticoagulant, chelates ionized calcium with consequent perturbations of serum calcium, parathyroid hormone, vitamin D, and markers of bone remodeling in donors. Cross-sectional studies of bone mineral density (BMD) among apheresis donors exhibit conflicting results. Methods The longitudinal, randomized, controlled ALTRUYST trial (NCT02655055) was undertaken to determine whether BMD declined following high frequency apheresis blood donation over 1 year. The study was powered at 80% to detect the primary outcome of a 3% decline in BMD. Subjects new to apheresis agreed to make ≥20 apheresis donations in a one-year period and were randomized to treatment (high frequency apheresis) or control (no apheresis). Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was performed before and after participation. Two-sided t-test and multivariable logistic regression were used to assess outcomes. Findings Mean lumbar spine BMD did not change during the study among control donors (−0.002 g/cm2, 95%CI [−0.020, 0.016], p = 0.78), or among donors in the apheresis arm (mean change = 0.007 g/cm2, 95%CI [−0.005, 0.018], p = 0.24). Mean total hip BMD did not change for control donors (mean change = 0.002 g/cm2, 95%CI [−0.006, 0.009], p = 0.63) or apheresis donors (−0.004 g/cm2, 95%CI [−0.10, 0.002], p = 0.16). Tests for differences in proportions of donors with change in BMD exceeding the least significant change at the lumbar spine in either a positive [8 apheresis (31%), 4 control (27%), p = 0.78] or negative direction [4 apheresis (15%), 5 control (33%)] were statistically non-significant (p = 0.18). Proportional increases [0 apheresis (0%), 1 control (7%), p = 0.18] and decreases [3 apheresis (12%), 1 control (14%)] were also not significantly different at the total hip (p = 0.61). Interpretation ALTRUYST is the first longitudinal trial to demonstrate that apheresis blood collection guidelines in the United States adequately protect the skeletal health of male volunteer blood donors. Funding Marquette University and the BloodCenter Research Foundation. ALTRUYST (NCT02655055) was a prospective RCT. It tested if BMD declined following high frequency apheresis blood donation. High frequency apheresis blood donation did not affect lumbar spine BMD. High frequency apheresis blood donation did not affect total hip BMD. High frequency apheresis blood donation did not affect trabecular bone score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Bialkowski
- Blood Research and Medical Sciences Institutes, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, P.O. Box 2178, Milwaukee, WI 53201-2178, United States of America.,Department of Exercise Science, Marquette University, P.O. Box 1881, Milwaukee, WI 53201-1881, United States of America
| | - Robert D Blank
- Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Clinical Nutrition, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 W Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States of America.,Clement J. Zablocki VAMC, 5000 W National Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53295, United States of America
| | - Cheng Zheng
- Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin, 1240 N 10 St, Milwaukee, WI 53201, United States of America
| | - Jerome L Gottschall
- Blood Research and Medical Sciences Institutes, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, P.O. Box 2178, Milwaukee, WI 53201-2178, United States of America
| | - Paula E Papanek
- Department of Exercise Science, Marquette University, P.O. Box 1881, Milwaukee, WI 53201-1881, United States of America
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50
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Cardoso DRF, Reis LMSD, Sousa RFVD, Nascimento EFD, Santos JPD, Carvalho-Costa FA, Santos-Mallet JRD. Chagasic infection among blood donors in Brazil: an integrative review. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2018; 40:283-291. [PMID: 30128440 PMCID: PMC6098183 DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the literature, this work aimed to discuss infection by Chagas disease among blood donors in Brazil. Studies on the prevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in donors or candidates for blood donation in Brazil are important. The prevalence of infection appears to be a sensitive indicator and can be a true marker of the risk of the transmission of Chagas disease by blood transfusion. Moreover, it serves as a marker of the level of transmission of the disease in a region, as well as a tool to characterize the epidemiological profile of individuals affected by the disease. The present study is an integrative review of the literature on chagasic infection among blood donors. An evaluation of the literature identified the epidemiological profile of blood donors infected by T. cruzi, which is characterized in general as men, over 30 years old, with a low level of schooling, low income and mainly coming from rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Elaine Ferreira do Nascimento
- Escritório Regional da Fiocruz, Teresina, PI, Brazil; Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia do Maranhão (FACEMA), Caxias, MA, Brazil
| | | | - Filipe Aníbal Carvalho-Costa
- Escritório Regional da Fiocruz, Teresina, PI, Brazil; Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC/FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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