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Knirel YA, Perepelov AV, Kondakova AN, Senchenkova SN, Sidorczyk Z, Rozalski A, Kaca W. Structure and serology of O-antigens as the basis for classification of Proteus strains. Innate Immun 2010; 17:70-96. [DOI: 10.1177/1753425909360668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This review is devoted to structural and serological characteristics of the O-antigens (O-polysaccharides) of the lipopolysaccharides of various Proteus species, which provide the basis for classifying Proteus strains to Oserogroups. The antigenic relationships of Proteus strains within and beyond the genus as well as their O-antigenrelated bioactivities are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy A. Knirel
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia,
| | - Andrei V. Perepelov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna N. Kondakova
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sof'ya N. Senchenkova
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Zygmunt Sidorczyk
- Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Antoni Rozalski
- Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Wieslaw Kaca
- Department of Microbiology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
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Vinogradov E, Sidorczyk Z, Knirel YA. Structure of the core part of the lipopolysaccharides from Proteus penneri strains 7, 8, 14, 15, and 21. Carbohydr Res 2002; 337:643-9. [PMID: 11909598 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(02)00024-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The core-lipid A region of the lipopolysaccharides from Proteus penneri strains 7, 8, 14, 15, and 21 was studied using NMR spectroscopy, ESI MS, and chemical analysis after alkaline deacylation, deamination, and mild-acid hydrolysis of the lipopolysaccharides. The following general structure of the major core oligosaccharides is proposed: [abstract: see text] where all sugars are in the pyranose form and have the D configuration unless otherwise stated, Hep and DDHep=L-glycero- and D-glycero-D-manno-heptose, respectively, K=H, and Q=H in strain 8 or alpha-Glc in strains 7, 14, 15, and 21. In addition, several minor structural variants are present, including those lacking Ara4N in strains 7 and 15 and having the alpha-GlcN residue N-acylated to a various degree with glycine in strains 7, 8, 14, and 21. In strain 14, there are also core oligosaccharides with K=amide of beta-D-GalpA with putrescine, spermidine, or 4-azaheptane-1,7-diamine; remarkably, these structural variants lack either the PEtN group or the alpha-Hep-(1-->2)-alpha-DDHep disaccharide fragment at alpha-D-GalpA. While structural features of the inner core part are shared by Proteus strains studied earlier, the outermost Q-(1-->4)-alpha-GalNAc-(1-->2)-alpha-DDHep-(1-->6)-alpha-GlcN oligosaccharide unit has not been hitherto reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny Vinogradov
- Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada.
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Zych K, Kowalczyk M, Knirel YA, Sidorczyk Z. New serogroups of the genus Proteus consisting of Proteus penneri strains only. Determination of some LPS epitopes responsible for specificity. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2001; 485:339-44. [PMID: 11109127 DOI: 10.1007/0-306-46840-9_47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Zych
- Department of General Microbiology, Universty of Lodz, Poland
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Zych K, Kocharova NA, Kowalczyk M, Toukach FV, Kaminska D, Shashkov AS, Knirel YA, Sidorczyk Z. Structure of the O-specific polysaccharide of Proteus penneri 71 and classification of cross-reactive P. penneri strains to a new proposed serogroup O64. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 2000; 267:808-14. [PMID: 10651818 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.2000.01059.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A neutral O-specific polysaccharide (O-antigen) was isolated from the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of the bacterium Proteus penneri 71. On the basis of sugar analysis and 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopic studies, including two-dimensional COSY, 13C,1H heteronuclear COSY and ROESY, the following structure of the trisaccharide repeating unit of the polysaccharide was established: -->3)-beta-D-GlcpNAc-(1-->4)-beta-D-GlcpNAc-(1-->3)-alpha-D-Galp-(1-- > The polysaccharide has the same carbohydrate backbone as the O-specific polysaccharide of P. penneri 19 and both are similar to that of P. penneri 62 studied by us previously. A cross-reactivity of anti-P. penneri 71, 19 and 62 O-antisera with 11 P. penneri strains was revealed and substantiated at the level of the O-antigen structures. These strains could be divided into three subgroups within a new proposed Proteus O64 serogroup containing P. penneri strains only.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Zych
- Department of General Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Lódz, Poland
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Toukach FV, Bartodziejska B, Senchenkova SN, Wykrota M, Shashkov AS, Rozalski A, Knirel YA. Structure of a new acidic O-antigen of Proteus vulgaris O22 containing O-acetylated 3-acetamido-3,6-dideoxy-D-glucose. Carbohydr Res 1999; 318:146-53. [PMID: 10515053 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(99)00088-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The acidic O-specific polysaccharide of Proteus vulgaris O22 was studied using 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, including 2D COSY, TOCSY, NOESY, and H-detected 1H, 13C heteronuclear multiple-quantum coherence (HMQC) experiments, and the following structure for the branched pentasaccharide repeating unit was established: [sequence: see text] where Qui3NAc is 3-acetamido-3,6-dideoxyglucose, O-acetylation of QuiNAc at position 4 is stoichiometric and at position 2 nonstoichiometric. Serological relationships of P. vulgaris O22 with some other Proteus strains were substantiated on the level of the O-antigen structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- F V Toukach
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Arbatsky NP, Shashkov AS, Toukach FV, Moll H, Zych K, Knirel YA, Zähringer U, Sidorczyk Z. Structure of the O-specific polysaccharide of a serologically separate strain Proteus penneri 2 from a new proposed serogroup O66. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1999; 261:392-7. [PMID: 10215848 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00250.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
O-specific polysaccharide chain of Proteus penneri strain 2 lipopolysaccharide was studied by full and partial acid hydrolysis, Smith degradation, methylation analysis, and NMR spectroscopy, including two-dimensional rotating-frame NOE spectroscopy (ROESY) and 1H,13C heteronuclear multiple-quantum coherence (HMQC) experiments. Together with D-glucose and 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose, the polysaccharide was found to contain two rarely occurring sugars, 6-deoxy-L-talose (L-6dTal) and 2,3-diacetamido-2,3,6-trideoxy-L-mannose (L-RhaNAc3NAc), and the following structure of a non-stoichiometrically O-acetylated tetrasaccharide repeating unit was established: [equation: see text] The O-specific polysaccharide studied has a unique composition and structure and, accordingly, P. penneri 2 is serologically separate among Proteus strains. Therefore, we propose for P. penneri 2 a new Proteus O-serogroup O66 where this strain is at present the single representative.
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Affiliation(s)
- N P Arbatsky
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Toukach FV, Arbatsky NP, Shashkov AS, Knirel YA, Zych K, Sidorczyk Z. Structure of a new neutral O-specific polysaccharide of Proteus penneri 34. Carbohydr Res 1998; 312:97-101. [PMID: 9836454 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(98)00232-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The O-specific polysaccharide of Proteus penneri strain 34 was studied using 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, including 2D COSY, TOCSY, NOESY, and H-detected 1H, 13C HMQC experiments. The following structure was established, which is unique among the known structures of Proteus O-antigens:-->4)-beta-D-Glcp-(1-->3)-beta-D-GalpNAc-(1-->4)-beta- D-GalpNAc-(1-->4)-beta-D-Galp-(1-->. Accordingly, no cross-reaction was observed between P. penneri 34 O-antiserum and O-antigens of other Proteus strains. Therefore, the strain studied should belong to a new Proteus serogroup O65.
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Affiliation(s)
- F V Toukach
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Arbatsky NP, Shashkov AS, Mamyan SS, Knirel YA, Zych K, Sidorczyk Z. Structure of the O-specific polysaccharide of a serologically separate Proteus penneri strain 22. Carbohydr Res 1998; 310:85-90. [PMID: 9794073 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(98)00157-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The O-specific polysaccharide chain (O-antigen) of Proteus penneri strain 22 lipopolysaccharide was studied using chemical methods, including partial acid hydrolysis and Smith degradation, as well as one- and two-dimensional 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The following structure of the pentasaccharide repeating unit was established: [sequence: see text] The O-specific polysaccharide contains a GalNAc residue in the furanose form which has not been hitherto found in bacterial polysaccharides. The O-antigen studied is serologically and structurally unique among Proteus strains and, therefore, a new Proteus serogroup O63 is proposed for P. penneri strain 22.
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Affiliation(s)
- N P Arbatsky
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Zych K, Knirel YA, Paramonov NA, Vinogradov EV, Arbatsky NP, Senchenkova SN, Shashkov AS, Sidorczyk Z. Structure of the O-specific polysaccharide of Proteus penneri strain 41 from a new proposed serogroup O62. FEMS IMMUNOLOGY AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 1998; 21:1-9. [PMID: 9657315 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-695x.1998.tb01143.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
O-specific polysaccharide of Proteus penneri strain 41 was studied using 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy, including two-dimensional COSY, heteronuclear 13C,1H-correlation (HETCOR) and one-dimensional NOE spectroscopy, and the following structure of a non-stoichiometrically O-acetylated hexasaccharide repeating unit was established:[structure: see text] where RGlcNAc is 2-acetamido-4-O-[(S)-1-carboxyethyl]-2-deoxyglucose. Cross-reactivity of anti-P. penneri 41 O-serum with other P. penneri strains is discussed, and a new, separate O62 serogroup is proposed which is the next Proteus O-serogroup containing P. penneri strains only.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Zych
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Lódź, Poland
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Knirel YA, Kaca W, Paramonov NA, Cedzynski M, Vinogradov EV, Ziolkowski A, Shashkov AS, Rozalski A. Structure of the O-specific polysaccharide of Proteus vulgaris O25 containing 3-O-[(R)-1-carboxyethyl]-D-glucose. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1997; 247:951-4. [PMID: 9288919 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1997.00951.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The O-specific polysaccharide of Proteus vulgaris O25 was studied by acid hydrolysis and by 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopies, including one-dimensional NOE and two-dimensional COSY and heteronuclear 13C,1H correlation (HETCOR) spectroscopy. The polysaccharide was found to contain 3-O-[(R)-1-carboxyethyl]-D-glucose (D-RGlc), and the following structure of the pentasaccharide repeating unit was established: [structure in text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Y A Knirel
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation.
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Arbatsky NP, Shashkov AS, Widmalm G, Knirel YA, Zych K, Sidorczyk Z. Structure of the O-specific polysaccharide of Proteus penneri strain 25 containing N-(L-alanyl) and multiple O-acetyl groups in a tetrasaccharide repeating unit. Carbohydr Res 1997; 298:229-35. [PMID: 9090817 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(96)00308-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Based on sugar and methylation analyses, O-deacetylation, Smith degradation, and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, including 2D COSY, 1H-detected 1H, 13C heteronuclear single-quantum coherence (HSQC), and 1H-detected 1H, 13C heteronuclear multiple-bond connectivity (HMBC) experiments, the following structure of the O-specific polysaccharide of Proteus penneri strain 25 was established: [formula: see text] where D-GlcN(L-Ala) is 2-(L-alanylamido)-2-deoxy-D-glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- N P Arbatsky
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, Sweden
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