1
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Van Ankum EM, Majcher KB, Dolovich AT, Johnston JD, Flegel KP, Boughner JC. Food texture and vitamin D influence mouse mandible form and molar roots. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2024; 307:611-632. [PMID: 37702738 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Industrialization influenced several facets of lifestyle, including softer nutrient-poor diets that contributed to vitamin D deficiency in post-industrzialized populations, with concomitantly increased dental problems. Here we simulated a post-industrialized diet in a mouse model to test the effects of diet texture and vitamin D level on mandible and third molar (M3) forms. Mice were raised on a soft diet with vitamin D (VitD) or without it (NoD), or on a hard diet with vitamin D. We hypothesized that a VitD/hard diet is optimal for normal mandible and tooth root form, as well as for timely M3 initiation. Subsets of adult NoD/soft and VitD/soft groups were bred to produce embryos that were micro-computed tomography (μCT) scanned to stage M3 development. M3 stage did not differ between embryos from mothers fed VitD and NoD diets, indicating that vitamin D does not affect timing of M3 onset. Sacrificed adult mice were μCT-scanned, their mandibles 3D-landmarked and M3 roots were measured. Principal component (PC) analysis described the largest proportion of mandible shape variance (PC1, 30.1%) related to diet texture, and nominal shape variance (PC2, 13.8%) related to vitamin D. Mice fed a soft diet had shorter, relatively narrower, and somewhat differently shaped mandibles that recapitulated findings in human populations. ANOVA and other multivariate tests found significantly wider M3 roots and larger root canals in mice fed a soft diet, with vitamin D having little effect. Altogether our experiments using a mouse model contribute new insights about how a post-industrial diet may influence human craniodental variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa M Van Ankum
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Kadin B Majcher
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Allan T Dolovich
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - James D Johnston
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Kennedy P Flegel
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Julia C Boughner
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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2
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Segura V, Flores D, Deferrari G. Comparison of skull growth in two ecosystem modifiers: Beavers Castor canadensis (Rodentia: Castoridae) and muskrats Ondatra zibethicus (Rodentia: Cricetidae). ZOOL ANZ 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2023.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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3
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Ginot S, Hallgrímsson B, Agret S, Claude J. Bite Force Performance from wild Derived mice has Undetectable Heritability Despite Having Heritable Morphological Components. Evol Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11692-022-09582-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
AbstractFitness-related traits tend to have low heritabilities. Conversely, morphology tends to be highly heritable. Yet, many fitness-related performance traits such as running speed or bite force depend critically on morphology. Craniofacial morphology correlates with bite performance in several groups including rodents. However, within species, this relationship is less clear, and the genetics of performance, morphology and function are rarely analyzed in combination. Here, we use a half-sib design in outbred wild-derived Mus musculus to study the morphology-bite force relationship and determine whether there is additive genetic (co-)variance for these traits. Results suggest that bite force has undetectable additive genetic variance and heritability in this sample, while morphological traits related mechanically to bite force exhibit varying levels of heritability. The most heritable traits include the length of the mandible which relates to bite force. Despite its correlation with morphology, realized bite force was not heritable, which suggests it is less responsive to selection in comparison to its morphological determinants. We explain this paradox with a non-additive, many-to-one mapping hypothesis of heritable change in complex traits. We furthermore propose that performance traits could evolve if pleiotropic relationships among the determining traits are modified.
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4
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Arriagada JI, Benítez HA, Toro F, Suazo MJ, Abarca P, Canto J, Vilina YA, Cruz-jofré F. Insularity and Aridity as Drivers of Mandibular Disparity in Thylamys elegans (Waterhouse, 1839) from Populations of the Atacama Desert, Chile. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:1179. [PMID: 35565606 PMCID: PMC9100870 DOI: 10.3390/ani12091179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Island ecosystems differ in several elements from mainland ecosystems and may induce variations related to natural selection and patterns of adaptation in most aspects of the biology of an organism. Thylamys elegans (Waterhouse, 1839) is a marsupial endemic to Chile, distributed from Loa River to Concepción. Historically, three subspecies have been described: Thylamys elegans elegans, Thylamys elegans coquimbensis and Thylamys elegans soricinus. For this research, two morphometric approaches and a biomechanical model were used to compare the mandible shapes and biomechanics between two Chilean mouse opossum populations belonging to different subspecies: one from the coastal desert of Chile (T. e. coquimbensis) and the other from the central inland region (T. e. elegans). Additionally, mandibles of insular populations found in the Reserva Nacional Pinguino de Humboldt (RNPH)), from which the subspecies association is unknown, were also included. The results showed that insular populations have differences in mandibular shapes, sizes and biomechanical characteristics compared to continental populations, which may be related to environmental variables like aridity and vegetation cover, prey type, insularity effects and/or the founder effect on micromammals, apart from vicariance hypotheses and other selective pressures.
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5
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Parmenter MD, Nelson JP, Gray MM, Weigel S, Vinyard CJ, Payseur BA. A complex genetic architecture underlies mandibular evolution in big mice from Gough Island. Genetics 2022; 220:iyac023. [PMID: 35137059 PMCID: PMC8982026 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyac023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Some of the most compelling examples of morphological evolution come from island populations. Alterations in the size and shape of the mandible have been repeatedly observed in murid rodents following island colonization. Despite this pattern and the significance of the mandible for dietary adaptation, the genetic basis of island-mainland divergence in mandibular form remains uninvestigated. To fill this gap, we examined mandibular morphology in 609 F2s from a cross between Gough Island mice, the largest wild house mice on record, and mice from a mainland reference strain (WSB). Univariate genetic mapping identifies 3 quantitative trait loci (QTL) for relative length of the temporalis lever arm and 2 distinct QTL for relative condyle length, 2 traits expected to affect mandibular function that differ between Gough Island mice and WSB mice. Multivariate genetic mapping of coordinates from geometric morphometric analyses identifies 27 QTL contributing to overall mandibular shape. Quantitative trait loci show a complex mixture of modest, additive effects dispersed throughout the mandible, with landmarks including the coronoid process and the base of the ascending ramus frequently modulated by QTL. Additive effects of most shape quantitative trait loci do not align with island-mainland divergence, suggesting that directional selection played a limited role in the evolution of mandibular shape. In contrast, Gough Island mouse alleles at QTL for centroid size and QTL for jaw length increase these measures, suggesting selection led to larger mandibles, perhaps as a correlated response to the evolution of larger bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacob P Nelson
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Melissa M Gray
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Sara Weigel
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Christopher J Vinyard
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Bret A Payseur
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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6
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Barbero S, Teta P, Cassini GH. A comprehensive review of dietary strategies of sigmodontine rodents of central-eastern Argentina: linking diet, body mass, and stomach morphology. CAN J ZOOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2021-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Information on dietary ecology plays a key role in a wide array of biological research and conservation decisions, but its availability is biased towards large and charismatic taxa, whereas small mammals are underrepresented. Of the scarce publications on the Neotropical sigmodontine rodents, most are concentrated in central-eastern Argentina and, up until now, no revision of the totality of these data has been made available. In this work, we performed a thorough review of the dietary information from over 50 publications on 22 species, finding omissions and errors propagated up to the present time. This resulted in a robust database, the proposal of a posteriori dietary categories, and a list of the species that have been neglected in feeding ecology research. In turn, we used that database to test whether the patterns which associate diet and morphology in medium-sized and large mammals could be replicated in these small rodents, despite their overall generalist habits and the restrictions characteristic to their size. We found that larger species tend towards a low-protein diet. Additionally, we identified some stomach types that are restricted to specific diets. These results are consistent with the observations for larger species and shed light on the biology of small mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Barbero
- División Mastozoología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”, Avenida Ángel Gallardo 470, C1405DJR, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo Teta
- División Mastozoología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”, Avenida Ángel Gallardo 470, C1405DJR, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guillermo H. Cassini
- División Mastozoología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”, Avenida Ángel Gallardo 470, C1405DJR, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Ruta 5 y Avenida Constitución s/n, Luján (6700), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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7
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Mazzamuto MV, Su HJ, Guidarelli G, Preatoni D, Russo LF, Loy A, Martinoli A. Mandible morphology as a tool to investigate origin, adaptation and stress in invasive alien species: first insights into Callosciurus erythraeus (Rodentia: Sciuridae) in Europe. The European Zoological Journal 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2021.1943548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. V. Mazzamuto
- Environment Analysis and Management Unit, Guido Tosi Research Group, Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
- School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - H.-J. Su
- Department of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, PR China
| | - G. Guidarelli
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - D. Preatoni
- Environment Analysis and Management Unit, Guido Tosi Research Group, Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - L. F. Russo
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - A. Loy
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - A. Martinoli
- Environment Analysis and Management Unit, Guido Tosi Research Group, Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
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8
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Hennekam JJ, Benson RBJ, Herridge VL, Jeffery N, Torres-Roig E, Alcover JA, Cox PG. Morphological divergence in giant fossil dormice. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 287:20202085. [PMID: 33143584 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.2085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Insular gigantism-evolutionary increases in body size from small-bodied mainland ancestors-is a conceptually significant, but poorly studied, evolutionary phenomenon. Gigantism is widespread on Mediterranean islands, particularly among fossil and extant dormice. These include an extant giant population of Eliomys quercinus on Formentera, the giant Balearic genus †Hypnomys and the exceptionally large †Leithia melitensis of Pleistocene Sicily. We quantified patterns of cranial and mandibular shape and their relationships to head size (allometry) among mainland and insular dormouse populations, asking to what extent the morphology of island giants is explained by allometry. We find that gigantism in dormice is not simply an extrapolation of the allometric trajectory of their mainland relatives. Instead, a large portion of their distinctive cranial and mandibular morphology resulted from the population- or species-specific evolutionary shape changes. Our findings suggest that body size increases in insular giant dormice were accompanied by the evolutionary divergence of feeding adaptations. This complements other evidence of ecological divergence in these taxa, which span predominantly faunivorous to herbivorous diets. Our findings suggest that insular gigantism involves context-dependent phenotypic modifications, underscoring the highly distinctive nature of island faunas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nathan Jeffery
- Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK
| | - Enric Torres-Roig
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Josep Antoni Alcover
- Departament de Dinàmica de la Terra i de l'Oceà, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Philip G Cox
- Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK.,Departament de Biodiversitat i Conservació, Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats (CSIC-UIB), Esporles, Mallorca, Spain
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9
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Cox PG, Morris PJR, Hennekam JJ, Kitchener AC. Morphological and functional variation between isolated populations of British red squirrels (
Sciurus vulgaris
). J Zool (1987) 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P. G. Cox
- Department of Archaeology University of York York UK
- Hull York Medical School University of York York UK
| | - P. J. R. Morris
- School of Geosciences and Department of Integrative Biology University of South Florida Tampa FL USA
| | | | - A. C. Kitchener
- Department of Natural Sciences National Museums Scotland Edinburgh UK
- Institute of Geography School of Geosciences University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis D. Verde Arregoitia
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas Universidad Austral de Chile Campus Isla Teja Valdivia CP 5090000 Chile
| | - Guillermo D’Elía
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas Universidad Austral de Chile Campus Isla Teja Valdivia CP 5090000 Chile
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11
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Mori S, Thwe T, Thu WM, Yasuda SP, Bawm S, Tsuchiya K, Katakura K, Arai S, Yoshimatsu K, Suzuki H. Species and genetic diversity of Bandicota (Murinae, Rodentia) from Myanmar based on mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences. MAMMAL RES 2020; 65:493-502. [DOI: 10.1007/s13364-020-00491-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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12
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Chevret P, Renaud S, Helvaci Z, Ulrich RG, Quéré J, Michaux JR. Genetic structure, ecological versatility, and skull shape differentiation in
Arvicola
water voles (Rodentia, Cricetidae). J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pascale Chevret
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive UMR 5558 CNRS Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1Université de Lyon Villeurbanne France
| | - Sabrina Renaud
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive UMR 5558 CNRS Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1Université de Lyon Villeurbanne France
| | - Zeycan Helvaci
- Conservation Genetics Laboratory Institut de Botanique Liège Belgium
| | - Rainer G. Ulrich
- Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases Friedrich‐Loeffler‐Institut Federal Research Institute for Animal Health Greifswald ‐ Insel Riems Germany
| | - Jean‐Pierre Quéré
- Centre de Biologie et Gestion des Populations (INRA/IRD/Cirad/Montpellier SupAgro)Campus International de Baillarguet Montferrier‐sur‐Lez Cedex France
| | - Johan R. Michaux
- Conservation Genetics Laboratory Institut de Botanique Liège Belgium
- CIRAD/INRA UMR117 ASTRECampus International de Baillarguet Montpellier Cedex France
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13
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Bajaru SB, Lajmi A, Manakadan R, Kulavmode AR, Ramakrishnan U. Assessing the status of critically endangered Kondana soft-furred rat ( Millardia kondana) using integrative taxonomy: combining evidence from morphological, molecular and environmental niche modeling. MAMMALIA 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/mammalia-2019-0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Kondana soft-furred rat is a critically endangered (CR) species, known from a single locality – Sinhgad in the northern Western Ghats, India. However, the taxonomic status of this species is uncertain due to its close resemblance to the widely distributed soft-furred field rat Millardia meltada, which has serious implications on the conservation status of Millardia kondana. In this study, we assessed the current taxonomic status of M. kondana through an integrative approach combining morphological, molecular and environmental niche modeling analyses. We collected morphological data from the specimens around Sinhgad as well as preserved specimens in the museum. Both morphological and two-dimensional (2D) morphometrical analyses showed a significant difference between M. kondana and M. meltada. Molecular phylogeny based on cytochrome b gene revealed a sister relationship between M. kondana and M. meltada, and both species form distinct well-supported monophyletic clades. Niche modeling also predicted niche segregation between the two species: M. kondana preferred areas with a high elevation and precipitation seasonality while M. meltada favored regions with a low elevation and precipitation. We confirmed that M. kondana is taxonomically distinct from M. meltada, and based on our estimates of its occurrence and occupancy, M. kondana continues to be treated as CR until further detailed investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer B. Bajaru
- Natural History Collection Department , Bombay Natural History Society , Hornbill House, S. B. S. Road, Fort , Mumbai 400001 , India
| | - Aparna Lajmi
- Institute of Evolution, Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology , University of Haifa , Haifa , Israel
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research , Bellary Road , Bangalore 560065 , India
| | - Ranjit Manakadan
- Bombay Natural History Society , Hornbill House, S. B. S. Road, Fort , Mumbai 400001 , India
| | - Amol R. Kulavmode
- Bombay Natural History Society , Hornbill House, S. B. S. Road, Fort , Mumbai 400001 , India
| | - Uma Ramakrishnan
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research , Bellary Road , Bangalore 560065 , India
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14
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Mikula O, Nicolas V, Boratyński Z, Denys C, Dobigny G, Fichet-Calvet E, Gagaré S, Hutterer R, Nimo-Paintsil SC, Olayemi A, Bryja J. Commensalism outweighs phylogeographical structure in its effect on phenotype of a Sudanian savanna rodent. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blz184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The murid rodent Praomys daltoni is widespread in Sudanian savanna and woodlands of West Africa, and previous study of mitochondrial DNA variability suggested that it encompasses the phenotypically (small, grey-bellied) and ecologically (commensal) distinct form, Praomys derooi. Here, we comprehensively examined the genetic and morphological diversity within the complex. Six mitochondrial lineages showed a fine-scale phylogeographical pattern, whereas delimitation based on nuclear loci pooled four of them into a single widespread unit. A newly discovered lineage from southern Mauritania stands apart from the rest of the complex and might represent an unrecognized species. At the same time, the internal position of P. derooi (C2 mitochondrial lineage) was confirmed by the multilocus analysis. The magnitude of genetic distances between major phylogeographical lineages was typical for interspecific divergence in other clades of Praomys, despite the little differences among them in morphology (skull and upper molar row shapes). The most pronounced morphological shift was associated with a transition to commensalism, especially in P. derooi, but also in other lineages. This makes the whole complex a suitable model for the study of phenotypic novelty, the evolution of commensalism and conditions for ecological speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondřej Mikula
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Violaine Nicolas
- Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Institute of Systematics and Evolution of the Biodiversity, UMR7205 CNRS-MNHN-UPMC-EPHE-Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Zbyszek Boratyński
- CIBIO-InBIO Associate Laboratory, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Christiane Denys
- Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Institute of Systematics and Evolution of the Biodiversity, UMR7205 CNRS-MNHN-UPMC-EPHE-Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Gauthier Dobigny
- CBGP, IRD, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Ecole Polytechnique d’Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi University, Cotonou, Benin
| | | | - Sama Gagaré
- Centre Régional Agrhymet, Département Formation Recherche, Niamey, Niger
| | - Rainer Hutterer
- Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Ayodeji Olayemi
- Natural History Museum, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Josef Bryja
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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15
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Pereira FMAM, Bete SBDS, Inamassu LR, Mamprim MJ, Schimming BC. Anatomy of the skull in the capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) using radiography and 3D computed tomography. Anat Histol Embryol 2020; 49:317-324. [PMID: 31981432 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) are the largest rodent found throughout South America and are present in almost all the Brazilian territory, however, still lack basic descriptions about the species, such as about their cranial anatomy. This study was carried out to investigate the anatomical features in the capybara skull. Eight skulls and two heads, without sexual distinction, were used for the osteological, radiographic and tomographic identification of their structures. The skull of the capybara could be divided into a neurocranium and a viscerocranium. The capybara had a more robust and rectangular skull, elongated face caudally, thinned in the nasal region and slightly convex in the parietal region. The zygomatic arch was expanded and wide, the orbit had a circular shape, the infraorbital foramen was well developed, external acoustic meatus and tympanic bulla were relatively small, and the paracondylar process was large. These anatomical characteristics are compatible with the eating habit and semi-aquatic life of capybaras, which can be compared with characteristics reported for animals of similar habits. The radiographic image allowed to identify structures such as the frontal sinus, whereas 3D tomographic reconstruction was essential to have a spatial view of the skull of the capybara.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stela Bonadia de Souza Bete
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Letícia Rocha Inamassu
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Graduate Program in Wild Animals, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Maria Jaqueline Mamprim
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Graduate Program in Wild Animals, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil.,Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Bruno Cesar Schimming
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Graduate Program in Wild Animals, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil.,Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
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16
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Marr MM, MacLeod N. Geographical variation in Eurasian red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris L., 1758) mandibles and the issue of subspecies-level organization: a failure of history? Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blz089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractSciurus vulgaris is a widespread, highly polytypic tree squirrel species, under which a large number of subspecies have been described. This study tests the robustness of the current subspecific classification by using geometric morphometrics to quantify morphological variation in mandible shape, along with canonical variates analysis to test hypotheses of morphological distinctiveness. Patterns of mandible allometry were examined in eight out of 16 currently recognized subspecies. The significance of the discriminate functions was tested statistically, and the iterative jackknife procedure was applied to evaluate stability of the subspecies-specific discriminant functions. Applying criteria that focus on shape diagnosability, rather than mean group differences, indicates that most regional subspecific groupings show intergradations and continuity in mandible shape and size and that allometric effects on mandible shape are negligible. Evidence of a distinct subspecies confined to the Iberian Peninsula (Sciurus vulgaris infuscatus) and a discrete group originating from an extinct, 19th century population in Dorset, UK were identified based on these mandibular data. All other regional subspecific groupings were not diagnosably different. These results suggest that most red squirrel subspecies might represent non-diagnosable morphological variants whose taxonomic validity seems doubtful. More generally, our results highlight the importance of applying objective, quantitative and reproducible criteria to the issue of subspecies delimitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M Marr
- Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK
| | - Norman MacLeod
- Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK
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Quina AS, Durão AF, Muñoz-Muñoz F, Ventura J, da Luz Mathias M. Population effects of heavy metal pollution in wild Algerian mice (Mus spretus). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 171:414-424. [PMID: 30639867 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.12.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal mining is one of the largest sources of environmental pollution. The analysis of different types of biomarkers in sentinel species living in contaminated areas provides a measure of the degree of the ecological impact of pollution and is thus a valuable tool for human and environmental risk assessments. In previous studies we found that specimens from two populations of the Algerian mice (Mus spretus) living in two abandoned heavy metal mines (Aljustrel and Preguiça, Portugal) had higher body burdens of heavy metals, which led to alterations in enzymatic activities and in haematological, histological and genotoxic parameters, than mice from a nearby reference population. We have now analysed individuals from the same sites at the biometric and genetic levels to get a broader portrayal of the impact of heavy metal pollution on biodiversity, from molecules to populations. Size and shape variations of the mouse mandible were searched by implementing the geometric morphometric method. Population genetic differentiation and diversity parameters (φST estimates; nucleotide and haplotype diversities) were studied using the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene (Cytb) and the control region (CR). The morphometric analyses revealed that animals from the three sites differed significantly in the shape of the mandible, but mandibular shape varied in a more resembling way within individuals of both mine sites, which is highly suggestive for an effect of environmental quality on normal development pathways in Algerian mice. Also, antisymmetry in mandible size and shape was detected in all populations, making these traits not reliable indicators of developmental instability. Overall little genetic differentiation was found among the three populations, although pairwise φST comparisons revealed that the Aljustrel and the Preguiça populations were each differentiated from the other two populations in Cytb and in CR, respectively. Genetic diversity parameters revealed higher genetic diversity for Cytb in the population from Aljustrel, while in the population from Preguiça diversity of the two markers changed in opposite directions, higher genetic diversity in CR and lower in Cytb, compared to the reference population. Demographic changes and increased mutation rates may explain these findings. We show that developmental patterns and genetic composition of wild populations of a small mammal can be affected by chronic heavy metal exposure within a relatively short time. Anthropogenic stress may thus influence the evolutionary path of natural populations, with largely unpredictable ecological costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sofia Quina
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa (FCUL), Lisboa, Portugal; Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar - Lisboa (CESAM; FCUL), Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Ana Filipa Durão
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa (FCUL), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Francesc Muñoz-Muñoz
- Departament de Biologia Animal, de Biologia Vegetal i d'Ecologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus de Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Jacint Ventura
- Departament de Biologia Animal, de Biologia Vegetal i d'Ecologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus de Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Maria da Luz Mathias
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa (FCUL), Lisboa, Portugal; Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar - Lisboa (CESAM; FCUL), Lisboa, Portugal
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Michelon Alves
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ecologia; Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia; Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina; Florianópolis Santa Catarina 88040-900 Brazil
| | - Malva Isabel Medina Hernández
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ecologia; Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia; Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina; Florianópolis Santa Catarina 88040-900 Brazil
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20
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Affiliation(s)
- N. F. Camargo
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Vertebrados Departamento de Ecologia Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade de Brasília Brasília Brazil
| | - L. F. Machado
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Departamento de Zoologia Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade de Brasília Brasília Brazil
| | - A. F. Mendonça
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Vertebrados Departamento de Ecologia Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade de Brasília Brasília Brazil
| | - E. M. Vieira
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Vertebrados Departamento de Ecologia Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade de Brasília Brasília Brazil
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Ginot S, Herrel A, Claude J, Hautier L. Morphometric models for estimating bite force in Mus and Rattus: mandible shape and size do better than lever-arm ratios. J Exp Biol 2019; 222:jeb.204867. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.204867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Morphological traits are frequently used as proxies for functional outputs such as bite force performance. This allows researchers to infer and interpret the impacts of functional variation, notably in adaptive terms. Despite their mechanical bases, the predictive power of these proxies for performance is not always tested. In particular, their accuracy at the intraspecific level is rarely assessed, and they have sometimes been shown to be unreliable. Here, we compare the performance of several morphological proxies in estimating in vivo bite force, across five species of murine rodents, at the interspecific and intraspecific levels. Proxies used include the size and shape of the mandible, as well as individual and combined muscular mechanical advantages (temporal, superficial masseter and deep masseter). Maximum voluntary bite force was measured in all individuals included. To test the accuracy of predictions allowed by the proxies, we combined linear regressions with a leave-one-out approach, estimating an individual bite force based on the rest of the dataset. The correlations between estimated values and the in vivo measurements were tested. At the interspecific and intraspecific levels, size and shape were better estimators than mechanical advantages. Mechanical advantage showed some predictive power at the interspecific level, but generally not within species, except for the deep masseter in Rattus. In few species, size and shape did not allow us to predict bite force. Extrapolations of performance based on mechanical advantage should therefore be used with care, and are mostly unjustified within species. In the latter case, size and shape are preferable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Ginot
- Institut des Sciences de l'Évolution de Montpellier (UMR5554), Montpellier, France
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (UMR5242), Lyon, France
| | - Anthony Herrel
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (UMR7179), Paris, France
| | - Julien Claude
- Institut des Sciences de l'Évolution de Montpellier (UMR5554), Montpellier, France
| | - Lionel Hautier
- Institut des Sciences de l'Évolution de Montpellier (UMR5554), Montpellier, France
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Parmenter MD, Nelson JP, Weigel SE, Gray MM, Payseur BA, Vinyard CJ. Masticatory Apparatus Performance and Functional Morphology in the Extremely Large Mice from Gough Island. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2018; 303:167-179. [PMID: 30548803 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Since their arrival approximately 200 years ago, the house mice (Mus musculus) on Gough Island (GI) rapidly increased in size to become the largest wild house mice on record. Along with this extreme increase in body size, GI mice adopted a predatory diet, consuming significant quantities of seabird chicks and eggs. We studied this natural experiment to determine how evolution of extreme size and a novel diet impacted masticatory apparatus performance and functional morphology in these mice. We measured maximum bite force and jaw opening (i.e., gape) along with several musculoskeletal dimensions functionally linked to these performance measurements to test the hypotheses that GI mice evolved larger bite forces and jaw gapes as part of their extreme increase in size and/or novel diet. GI mice can bite more forcefully and open their jaws wider than a representative mainland strain of house mice. Similarly, GI mice have musculoskeletal features of the masticatory apparatus that are absolutely larger than WSB mice. However, when considered relative to body size or jaw length, as a relevant mechanical standard, GI mice show reduced performance, suggesting a size-related decrease in these abilities. Correspondingly, most musculoskeletal features are not relatively larger in GI mice. Incisor biting leverage and condylar dimensions are exceptions, suggesting relative increases in biting efficiency and condylar rotation in GI mice. Based on these results, we hypothesize that evolutionary enhancements in masticatory performance are correlated with the extreme increase in body size and associated musculoskeletal phenotypes in Gough Island mice. Anat Rec, 2019. © 2018 American Association for Anatomy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacob P Nelson
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Sara E Weigel
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
| | - Melissa M Gray
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Bret A Payseur
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Christopher J Vinyard
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
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Aghová T, Kimura Y, Bryja J, Dobigny G, Granjon L, Kergoat GJ. Fossils know it best: Using a new set of fossil calibrations to improve the temporal phylogenetic framework of murid rodents (Rodentia: Muridae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018; 128:98-111. [PMID: 30030180 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Murid rodents (Rodentia: Muridae) represent the most diverse and abundant mammalian family. In this study, we provide a refined set of fossil calibrations which is used to reconstruct a dated phylogeny of the family using a multilocus dataset (six nuclear and nine mitochondrial gene fragments) encompassing 161 species representing 82 murid genera from four extant subfamilies (Deomyinae, Gerbillinae, Lophiomyinae and Murinae). In comparison with previous studies on murid or muroid rodents, our work stands out for the implementation of nine robust fossil constraints within the Muridae thanks to a thorough review of the fossil record. Before being assigned to specific nodes of the phylogeny, all potential fossil constraints were carefully assessed; they were also subjected to several cross-validation analyses. The resulting phylogeny is consistent with previous phylogenetic studies on murids, and recovers the monophyly of all sampled murid subfamilies and tribes. Based on nine controlled fossil calibrations, our inferred temporal timeframe indicates that the murid family likely originated in the course of the Early Miocene, 22.0-17.0 million years ago (Ma), and that most major lineages (i.e. tribes) started diversifying ca. 10 Ma. Historical biogeography analyses support the tropical origin for the family, with an initial internal split (vicariance event) between Afrotropical and Oriental (Indomalaya and Philippines) lineages. During the course of their diversification, the biogeographic pattern of murids is marked by several dispersal events toward the Australasian and the Palearctic regions. The Afrotropical region was also secondarily colonized at least three times from the Indomalaya, indicating that the latter region has acted as a major centre of diversification for the family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Aghová
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Květná 8, 603 65 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Zoology, National Museum, Václavské náměstí 68, 115 79 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Yuri Kimura
- Department of Geology and Paleontology, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba 305-0005, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Josef Bryja
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Květná 8, 603 65 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Gauthier Dobigny
- CBGP, IRD, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Ecole Polytechnique d'Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi University, 01BP2009 Cotonou, Benin
| | - Laurent Granjon
- CBGP, IRD, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Gael J Kergoat
- CBGP, IRD, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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West AG, King CM. Variation in mandible shape and body size of house mice Mus musculus in five separate New Zealand forest habitats. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/03014223.2017.1411955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annie G. West
- School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Carolyn M. King
- School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
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Ginot S, Herrel A, Claude J, Hautier L. Skull Size and Biomechanics are Good Estimators of In Vivo
Bite Force in Murid Rodents. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2018; 301:256-266. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.23711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Ginot
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier; Université de Montpellier; Montpellier France
| | | | - Julien Claude
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier; Université de Montpellier; Montpellier France
| | - Lionel Hautier
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier; Université de Montpellier; Montpellier France
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Gomez Cano AR, Kimura Y, Blanco F, Menéndez I, Álvarez-Sierra MA, Hernández Fernández M. Ecomorphological characterization of murines and non-arvicoline cricetids (Rodentia) from south-western Europe since the latest Middle Miocene to the Mio-Pliocene boundary (MN 7/8-MN13). PeerJ 2017; 5:e3646. [PMID: 28966888 PMCID: PMC5619236 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rodents are the most speciose group of mammals and display a great ecological diversity. Despite the greater amount of ecomorphological information compiled for extant rodent species, studies usually lack of morphological data on dentition, which has led to difficulty in directly utilizing existing ecomorphological data of extant rodents for paleoecological reconstruction because teeth are the most common or often the only micromammal fossils. Here, we infer the environmental ranges of extinct rodent genera by extracting habitat information from extant relatives and linking it to extinct taxa based on the phenogram of the cluster analysis, in which variables are derived from the principal component analysis on outline shape of the upper first molars. This phenotypic “bracketing” approach is particularly useful in the study of the fossil record of small mammals, which is mostly represented by isolated teeth. As a case study, we utilize extinct genera of murines and non-arvicoline cricetids, ranging from the Iberoccitanian latest middle Miocene to the Mio-Pliocene boundary, and compare our results thoroughly with previous paleoecological reconstructions inferred by different methods. The resultant phenogram shows a predominance of ubiquitous genera among the Miocene taxa, and the presence of a few forest specialists in the two rodent groups (Murinae and Cricetidae), along with the absence of open environment specialists in either group of rodents. This appears to be related to the absence of enduring grassland biomes in the Iberian Peninsula during the late Miocene. High consistency between our result and previous studies suggests that this phenotypic “bracketing” approach is a very useful tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana R Gomez Cano
- Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.,Transmitting Science, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yuri Kimura
- Department of Geology and Paleontology, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fernando Blanco
- Departamento de Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iris Menéndez
- Departamento de Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Cambio Medioambiental, Instituto de Geociencias (UCM, CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - María A Álvarez-Sierra
- Departamento de Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Cambio Medioambiental, Instituto de Geociencias (UCM, CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Hernández Fernández
- Departamento de Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Cambio Medioambiental, Instituto de Geociencias (UCM, CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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Camacho-Sanchez M, Leonard JA, Fitriana Y, Tilak MK, Fabre PH. The generic status of Rattus annandalei (Bonhote, 1903) (Rodentia, Murinae) and its evolutionary implications. J Mammal 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyx081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Martin SA, Alhajeri BH, Steppan SJ. Dietary adaptations in the teeth of murine rodents (Muridae): a test of biomechanical predictions. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A. Martin
- Department of Biological Science; Florida State University; Tallahassee FL 32306-4295 USA
- Biology Department; Austin Community College; Austin TX USA
| | - Bader H. Alhajeri
- Department of Biological Sciences; Kuwait University; Safat 13110 Kuwait
| | - Scott J. Steppan
- Department of Biological Science; Florida State University; Tallahassee FL 32306-4295 USA
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Lüke L, Tourmente M, Dopazo H, Serra F, Roldan ERS. Selective constraints on protamine 2 in primates and rodents. BMC Evol Biol 2016; 16:21. [PMID: 26801756 PMCID: PMC4724148 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-016-0588-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protamines are sperm nuclear proteins with a crucial role in chromatin condensation. Their function is strongly linked to sperm head morphology and male fertility. Protamines appear to be affected by a complex pattern of selective constraints. Previous studies showed that sexual selection affects protamine coding sequence and expression in rodents. Here we analyze selective constraints and post-copulatory sexual selection acting on protamine 2 (Prm2) gene sequences of 53 species of primates and rodents. We focused on possible differences in selective constraints between these two clades and on the two functional domains of PRM2 (cleaved- and mature-PRM2). We also assessed if and how changes in Prm2 coding sequence may affect sperm head dimensions. RESULTS The domain of Prm2 that is cleaved off during binding to DNA (cleaved-Prm2) was found to be under purifying selection in both clades, whereas the domain that remains bound to DNA (mature-Prm2) was found to be positively selected in primates and under relaxed constraint in rodents. Changes in cleaved-Prm2 coding sequence are significantly correlated to sperm head width and elongation in rodents. Contrary to expectations, a significant effect of sexual selection was not found on either domain or clade. CONCLUSIONS Mature-PRM2 may be free to evolve under less constraint due to the existence of PRM1 as a more conserved and functionally redundant copy. The cleaved-PRM2 domain seems to play an important role in sperm head shaping. However, sexual selection on its sequence may be difficult to detect until it is identified which sperm head phenotype (shape and size) confers advantages for sperm performance in different mammalian clades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Lüke
- Reproductive Ecology and Biology Group, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), c/Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maximiliano Tourmente
- Reproductive Ecology and Biology Group, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), c/Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Hernan Dopazo
- Department of Ecology, Genetics and Evolution, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - François Serra
- Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG-CRG), Center for Genomic Regulation, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Eduardo R S Roldan
- Reproductive Ecology and Biology Group, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), c/Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
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Missoup AD, Nicolas V, Eiseb S, Chung EK, Denys C. Phylogenetic position of the endemic Mount Oku rat,Lamottemys okuensis(Rodentia: Muridae), based on molecular and morphological data. Zool J Linn Soc 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alain Didier Missoup
- Department of Animal Biology Organisms; Faculty of Science; the University of Douala; PO Box: 24157 Douala Cameroon
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB UMR 7205 - CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle; Sorbonne Universités; Paris France
| | - Violaine Nicolas
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB UMR 7205 - CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle; Sorbonne Universités; Paris France
| | - Seth Eiseb
- University of Namibia; Private Bag 13301 Windhoek Namibia
| | | | - Christiane Denys
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB UMR 7205 - CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle; Sorbonne Universités; Paris France
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Babiker H, Tautz D. Molecular and phenotypic distinction of the very recently evolved insular subspecies Mus musculus helgolandicus ZIMMERMANN, 1953. BMC Evol Biol 2015; 15:160. [PMID: 26268354 PMCID: PMC4535776 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-015-0439-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Populations and subspecies of the house mouse Mus musculus were able to invade new regions worldwide in the wake of human expansion. Here we investigate the origin and colonization history of the house mouse inhabiting the small island of Heligoland on the German Bight - Mus musculus helgolandicus. It was first described by Zimmermann in 1953, based on morphological descriptions which were considered to be a mosaic between the subspecies M. m. domesticus and M. m. musculus. Since mice on islands are excellent evolutionary model systems, we have focused here on a molecular characterization and an extended phenotype analysis. Results The molecular data show that the mice from Heligoland are derived from M. m. domesticus based on mitochondrial D-loop sequences as well as on four nuclear diagnostic markers, including one each from the sex-chromosomes. STRUCTURE analysis based on 21 microsatellite markers assigns Heligoland mice to a distinct population and D-loop network analysis suggests that they are derived from a single colonization event. In spite of mice from the mainland arriving by ships, they are apparently genetically refractory against further immigration. Mutation frequencies in complete mitochondrial genome sequences date the colonization age to approximately 400 years ago. Complete genome sequences from three animals revealed a genomic admixture with M. m. musculus genomic regions with at least 6.5 % of the genome affected. Geometric morphometric analysis of mandible shapes including skull samples from two time points during the last century suggest specific adaptations to a more carnivorous diet. Conclusions The molecular and morphological analyses confirm that M. m. helgolandicus consists of a distinct evolutionary lineage with specific adaptations. It shows a remarkable resilience against genetic mixture with mainland populations of M. m. domesticus despite major disturbances in the past century and a high ship traffic. The genomic admixture with M. m. musculus genetic material may have contributed to the genomic distinction of the Heligoland mice. In spite of its young age, M. m. helgolandicus may thus be considered as a true subspecies of Mus, whose evolution was triggered through fast divergence on a small island. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12862-015-0439-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Babiker
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, August-Thienemann Str. 2, 24306, Plön, Germany.
| | - Diethard Tautz
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, August-Thienemann Str. 2, 24306, Plön, Germany.
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Abstract
It is generally accepted that the high phenotypic diversity of mammals is a combined result of developmental constraint and ecological adaptation, although the influence of these endogenous and exogenous factors varies in different mammal groups. The rodent family Sciuridae represents an ideal candidate for examining phenotypic diversity in relation to phylogeny and ecological adaptations. In the present study, we investigate the effects of phylogeny and lifestyle on the skull shape in different species of Sciuridae by applying geometric morphometric methods. In addition, we investigate the importance of allometry on sciurid skull shape, because results from geometric morphometrics sometimes dispute those of traditional morphometry. Here, we identify significant associations between patristic distances obtained from molecular phylogeny and shape distances in all 3 views of the cranium and the lateral view of the mandible. Multivariate regression demonstrates that shape differences among lifestyle categories are substantial, especially in the dorsal and ventral structures after the influence of phylogeny is taken into account. Allometry plays an important role in the shape variation, although its importance on different skull structures varies. Our results indicate that complex structures of this highly diverse mammal group, which occupies different niches, are affected by ecological factors and developmental constraint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Lu
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Renaud S, Gomes Rodrigues H, Ledevin R, Pisanu B, Chapuis JL, Hardouin EA. Fast evolutionary response of house mice to anthropogenic disturbance on a Sub-Antarctic island. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Renaud
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive; UMR 5558; CNRS; Université Lyon 1; Université de Lyon; Campus de la Doua 69622 Villeurbanne France
| | | | - Ronan Ledevin
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive; UMR 5558; CNRS; Université Lyon 1; Université de Lyon; Campus de la Doua 69622 Villeurbanne France
| | - Benoît Pisanu
- Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation; UMR 7204; Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle; 61 rue Buffon CP 53 75005 Paris France
| | - Jean-Louis Chapuis
- Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation; UMR 7204; Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle; 61 rue Buffon CP 53 75005 Paris France
| | - Emilie A. Hardouin
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics; Max Planck Institute of Evolutionary Biology; August-Thienemann-Str. 2 24306 Plön Germany
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences; Faculty of Science and Technology; Bournemouth University; Christchurch House Talbot Campus Poole Dorset BH12 5BB UK
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Abstract
Background Plasticity, i.e. non-heritable morphological variation, enables organisms to modify the shape of their skeletal tissues in response to varying environmental stimuli. Plastic variation may also allow individuals to survive in the face of new environmental conditions, enabling the evolution of heritable adaptive traits. However, it is uncertain whether such a plastic response of morphology constitutes an evolutionary adaption itself. Here we investigate whether shape differences due to plastic bone remodelling have functionally advantageous biomechanical consequences in mouse mandibles. Shape characteristics of mandibles from two groups of inbred laboratory mice fed either rodent pellets or ground pellets mixed with jelly were assessed using geometric morphometrics and mechanical advantage measurements of jaw adductor musculature. Results Mandibles raised on diets with differing food consistency showed significant differences in shape, which in turn altered their biomechanical profile. Mice raised on a soft food diet show a reduction in mechanical advantage relative to mice of the same inbred strain raised on a typical hard food diet. Further, the soft food eaters showed lower levels of integration between jaw regions, particularly between the molar and angular region relative to hard food eaters. Conclusions Bone remodelling in mouse mandibles allows for significant shifts in biomechanical ability. Food consistency significantly influences this process in an adaptive direction, as mice raised on hard food develop jaws better suited to handle hard foods. This remodelling also affects the organisation of the mandible, as mice raised on soft food appear to be released from developmental constraints showing less overall integration than those raised on hard foods, but with a shift of integration towards the most solicited regions of the mandible facing such a food, namely the incisors. Our results illustrate how environmentally driven plasticity can lead to adaptive functional changes that increase biomechanical efficiency of food processing in the face of an increased solicitation. In contrast, decreased demand in terms of food processing seems to release developmental interactions between jaw parts involved in mastication, and may generate new patterns of co-variation, possibly opening new directions to subsequent selection. Overall, our results emphasize that mandible shape and integration evolved as parts of a complex system including mechanical loading food resource utilization and possibly foraging behaviour.
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Yasuda SP, Gamage CD, Koizumi N, Nishio S, Isozumi R, Shimizu K, Koma T, Amada T, Suzuki H, Yoshimatsu K, Arikawa J. Distinct genetic characteristics of Sri Lankan Rattus and Bandicota (Murinae, Rodentia) inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear markers. Genes Genet Syst 2014; 89:71-80. [DOI: 10.1266/ggs.89.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shumpei P. Yasuda
- Department of Microbiology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Chandika D. Gamage
- Department of Microbiology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Nobuo Koizumi
- Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Sanae Nishio
- Department of Microbiology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Rie Isozumi
- Department of Microbiology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kenta Shimizu
- Department of Microbiology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Takaaki Koma
- Department of Microbiology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Takako Amada
- Department of Microbiology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hitoshi Suzuki
- Laboratory of Ecology and Genetics, Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University
| | - Kumiko Yoshimatsu
- Department of Microbiology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Jiro Arikawa
- Department of Microbiology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine
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Gómez Cano AR, Hernández Fernández M, Álvarez-Sierra MÁ. Dietary ecology of Murinae (Muridae, Rodentia): a geometric morphometric approach. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79080. [PMID: 24236090 PMCID: PMC3827291 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Murine rodents represent a highly diverse group, which displays great ecological versatility. In the present paper we analyse the relationship between dental morphology, on one hand, using geometric morphometrics based upon the outline of first upper molar and the dietary preference of extant murine genera, on the other. This ecomorphological study of extant murine rodents demonstrates that dietary groups can be distinguished with the use of a quantitative geometric morphometric approach based on first upper molar outline. A discriminant analysis of the geometric morphometric variables of the first upper molars enables us to infer the dietary preferences of extinct murine genera from the Iberian Peninsula. Most of the extinct genera were omnivore; only Stephanomys showed a pattern of dental morphology alike that of the herbivore genera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rosa Gómez Cano
- Departamento de Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Manuel Hernández Fernández
- Departamento de Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Geología Sedimentaria y Cambio Medioambiental, Instituto de Geociencias (UCM, CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Ángeles Álvarez-Sierra
- Departamento de Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Geología Sedimentaria y Cambio Medioambiental, Instituto de Geociencias (UCM, CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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Sidorkewicj NS, Casanave EB. Morphological characterization and sex-related differences of the mandible of the armadillos Chaetophractus vellerosus and Zaedyus pichiy (Xenarthra, Dasypodidae), with consideration of dietary aspects. Iheringia, Sér Zool 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s0073-47212013000200011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The morphological characteristics of the mandible of adult Chaetophractus vellerosus (Gray, 1865) and Zaedyus pichiy (Desmarest, 1804) were studied to establish its generalized design and to identify inter- and intra- (sexual) specific differences. Morphological descriptions were complemented with the application of univariate and multivariate (analysis of correlation matrices, PCA, discriminant analysis) techniques. The mandible of both species is very similar, and is characterized by elevated condyle, well developed angular process, distinct coronoid process, tooth row which extends to the rear end of the angle between body and ramus, and unfused but firm symphysis. Although both armadillos are omnivorous, a more slender configuration of the jaw in Z. pichiy could be indicative of a better adaptation of its masticatory apparatus to insectivory. The PCA showed an almost total segregation of both species on PC1 (47.7% of the total variance), with C. vellerosus being associated to mandibles taller and with wider body and ramus. Zaedyus pichiy was characterized by heavy loadings of length parameters on PC2 (22.6% of the variance). A small degree of sexual dimorphism was found, with size-based differences in C. vellerosus (larger mandibles in females) and shape-based differences in Z. pichiy (taller mandibles in males, longer ones in females). Correlations between variables were higher in males of both species, indicating a more stable shape of the mandible than in females. The selected parameters to discriminate sexes were the body length of the mandible in C. vellerosus (correct classification: ca. 86% in males, 81% in females), and the height of the mandible at the level of the last tooth in Z. pichiy (near 85% of right assignment in both sexes). The inclusion of a new variable (body length) in the latter species improved the classification of the females to 100%. Teeth are typically 10 in C. vellerosus and 9 in Z. pichiy, but aberrancies in this basic number, such as unilateral or bilateral extra or fewer teeth, are common.
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Horáček I, Knitlová M, Wagner J, Kordos L, Nadachowski A. Late cenozoic history of the genus Micromys (mammalia, rodentia) in Central Europe. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62498. [PMID: 23671605 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular phylogeography suggests that Micromys minutus, the sole extant species of the genus, colonized its extensive range quite recently, during the Late Pleistocene-Holocene period. Rich Pliocene and Pleistocene fossil records both from Europe and China suggest rather continuous and gradual in situ phenotype rearrangements from the Pliocene to the Recent periods. To elucidate the discrepancy we reexamined a considerable part of the European fossil record of the genus (14 sites from MN15 to Q3, 0.4–4.2 Ma, including the type series of M. preaminutus from MN15 Csarnóta 2), analyzed them with the aid of detailed morphometric comparisons, and concluded that: (a) The European Pliocene form, M. praeminutus, differs significantly from the extant species; (b) it exhibits a broad phenotypic variation covering the presumptive diagnostic characters of MN16 M. caesaris; (c) despite having smaller dimensions, the Early and Middle Pleistocene forms (MN17-Q3, 2.6–0.4 Ma) seem to be closer to M. praeminutus than to the extant species; (d) the extinction of M. praeminutus during Q3 and the re-occupation of its niche by the recent expansion of M. minutus from E-European – C Asiatic sources (suggested by phylogeographic hypotheses) cannot be excluded. Discussing interpretations of the phylogenetic past of the genus we emphasize the distinct history of the West Palearctic clade (Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene) terminating with M. praeminutus and the East Asiatic clade (chalceus, tedfordi, minutus), and the possible identity of the Western clade with the Late Miocene genus Parapodemus.
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Paradis MR, Raj MT, Boughner JC. Jaw growth in the absence of teeth: the developmental morphology of edentulous mandibles using the p63 mouse mutant. Evol Dev 2013; 15:268-79. [PMID: 23809701 DOI: 10.1111/ede.12026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian tooth and jaw development must be coordinated well enough that these systems continue to function together properly throughout growth, thus optimizing an animal's survival and fitness, as well as a species' success. The persistent question is how teeth and jaws remain developmentally and functionally viable despite sometimes monumental evolutionary changes to tooth and jaw shape and size. Here we used the p63 mouse mutant to test the effect of tooth development - or the lack thereof - on normal mandible developmental morphology. Using 3D geometric morphometrics, we compared for the first time mandible shape among mice with normal tooth and jaw development against p63 double knock-out mice, with failed tooth development but apparently normal jaw development. Mandible shape differed statistically between toothless (p63(-/-) ) and toothed (p63(+/-) , p63(+/+) ) mice as early as embryonic day (E) 18. As expected, most of the shape difference in the p63(-/-) mandibles was due to underdeveloped alveolar bone related to arrested odontogenesis in these E18-aged mice. Mandible shape did not differ statistically between p63(+/-) and p63(+/+) adult mice, which showed normal tooth development. Our results support the idea of a gene regulatory network that is exclusive to the mandible and independent of the dentition. This study also underscores the biomechanical impact of the teeth on the developing alveolar bone. Importantly, this work shows quantitatively that the p63 mutant is an apt model with which to study mandible morphogenesis in isolation of odontogenesis to clarify developmental relationships between the teeth and jaws.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell R Paradis
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Health Sciences Building, 3B38-107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon SK S7N 5E5, Canada
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Stoetzel
- Département de Préhistoire; Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle; UMR 7194 CNRS; Paris; France
| | - Christiane Denys
- Département Systématique et Evolution; Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle; UMR 7205 CNRS; Paris; France
| | - Jacques Michaux
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution; UMR 5554 CNRS, Université Montpellier 2; Montpellier; France
| | - Sabrina Renaud
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive; UMR 5558 CNRS, Université Lyon 1; Villeurbanne; France
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42
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Casanovas-Vilar I, van Dam J. Conservatism and adaptability during squirrel radiation: what is mandible shape telling us? PLoS One 2013; 8:e61298. [PMID: 23593456 PMCID: PMC3617180 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Both functional adaptation and phylogeny shape the morphology of taxa within clades. Herein we explore these two factors in an integrated way by analyzing shape and size variation in the mandible of extant squirrels using landmark-based geometric morphometrics in combination with a comparative phylogenetic analysis. Dietary specialization and locomotion were found to be reliable predictors of mandible shape, with the prediction by locomotion probably reflecting the underlying diet. In addition a weak but significant allometric effect could be demonstrated. Our results found a strong phylogenetic signal in the family as a whole as well as in the main clades, which is in agreement with the general notion of squirrels being a conservative group. This fact does not preclude functional explanations for mandible shape, but rather indicates that ancient adaptations kept a prominent role, with most genera having diverged little from their ancestral clade morphologies. Nevertheless, certain groups have evolved conspicuous adaptations that allow them to specialize on unique dietary resources. Such adaptations mostly occurred in the Callosciurinae and probably reflect their radiation into the numerous ecological niches of the tropical and subtropical forests of Southeastern Asia. Our dietary reconstruction for the oldest known fossil squirrels (Eocene, 36 million years ago) show a specialization on nuts and seeds, implying that the development from protrogomorphous to sciuromorphous skulls was not necessarily related to a change in diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Casanovas-Vilar
- Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
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Abstract
In this study, allometric trajectories for 51 rodent species, comprising equal representatives from each of the major clades (Ctenohystrica, Muroidea, Sciuridae), are compared in a multivariate morphospace (=allometric space) to quantify magnitudes of disparity in cranial growth. Variability in allometric trajectory patterns was compared to measures of adult disparity in each clade, and dietary habit among the examined species, which together encapsulated an ecomorphological breadth. Results indicate that the evolution of allometric trajectories in rodents is characterized by different features in sciurids compared with muroids and Ctenohystrica. Sciuridae was found to have a reduced magnitude of inter-trajectory change and growth patterns with less variation in allometric coefficient values among members. In contrast, a greater magnitude of difference between trajectories and an increased variation in allometric coefficient values was evident for both Ctenohystrica and muroids. Ctenohystrica and muroids achieved considerably higher adult disparities than sciurids, suggesting that conservatism in allometric trajectory modification may constrain morphological diversity in rodents. The results provide support for a role of ecology (dietary habit) in the evolution of allometric trajectories in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A B Wilson
- Kyoto University Museum, Kyoto University Yoshida-honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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Renaud S, Hardouin EA, Pisanu B, Chapuis JL. Invasive house mice facing a changing environment on the Sub-Antarctic Guillou Island (Kerguelen Archipelago). J Evol Biol 2013; 26:612-24. [PMID: 23331296 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2012] [Revised: 10/16/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Adaptation to new environments is a key feature in evolution promoting divergence in morphological structures under selection. The house mouse (Mus musculus domesticus) introduced on the Sub-Antarctic Guillou Island (Kerguelen Archipelago) had and still has to face environmental conditions that likely shaped the pattern and pace of its insular evolution. Since mouse arrival on the island, probably not more than two centuries ago, ecological conditions dramatically differed from those available to their Western European commensal source populations. In addition, over the last two decades, the plant and animal communities of Guillou Island were considerably modified by the eradication of rabbits, the effects of climate change and the spread of invasive species detrimental to native communities. Under such a changing habitat, the mouse response was investigated using a morphometric quantification of mandible and molar tooth, two morphological structures related to food processing. A marked differentiation of the insular mice compared with their relatives from Western Europe was documented for both mandibles and molar shapes. Moreover, these shapes changed through the 16 years of the record, in agreement with expectations of drift for the molar, but more than expected by chance for the mandible. These results suggest that mice responded to the recent changes in food resources, possibly with a part of plastic variation for the mandible prone to bone remodelling. This pattern exemplifies the intricate interplay of evolution, ecology and plasticity that is a probable key of the success of such an invasive rodent facing pronounced shifts in food resources exploitation under a changing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Renaud
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, UMR 5558, CNRS, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France.
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Jojić V, Blagojević J, Vujošević M. Two-module organization of the mandible in the yellow-necked mouse: a comparison between two different morphometric approaches. J Evol Biol 2012; 25:2489-500. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2012.02612.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2012] [Revised: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Jojić
- Department of Genetic Research; Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”; University of Belgrade; Belgrade; Serbia
| | - J. Blagojević
- Department of Genetic Research; Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”; University of Belgrade; Belgrade; Serbia
| | - M. Vujošević
- Department of Genetic Research; Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”; University of Belgrade; Belgrade; Serbia
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Helvaci Z, Renaud S, Ledevin R, Adriaens D, Michaux J, Çolak R, Kankiliç T, Kandemir İ, Yiğit N, Çolak E. Morphometric and genetic structure of the edible dormouse (Glis glis): a consequence of forest fragmentation in Turkey. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2012.01952.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeycan Helvaci
- Department of Biology; Faculty of Science and Letter; Aksaray University; Campus 68100 Aksaray Turkey
- Department of Biology; Faculty of Science; Ankara University; Tandoğan Campus 06100 Ankara Turkey
| | - Sabrina Renaud
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive; UMR 5558; CNRS; University Lyon 1; Campus de la Doua 69622 Villeurbanne France
| | - Ronan Ledevin
- Anthropologisches Institut & Museum; Universität Zürich-Irchel; Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Dominique Adriaens
- Evolutionary Morphology of Vertebrates; Ghent University; K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35 B-9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Johan Michaux
- Laboratoire de Génétique des micro-organismes; Université de Liège; Institut de Botanique (Bat. 22) 4000 Liège Belgium
- INRA; UMR CBGP 1062; Campus international de Baillarguet; CS 30016 F-34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez Cedex France
| | - Reyhan Çolak
- Department of Biology; Faculty of Science; Ankara University; Tandoğan Campus 06100 Ankara Turkey
| | - Teoman Kankiliç
- Department of Biology; Faculty of Arts and Science; Niğde University; Campus 51240 Niğde Turkey
| | - İrfan Kandemir
- Department of Biology; Faculty of Science; Ankara University; Tandoğan Campus 06100 Ankara Turkey
| | - Nuri Yiğit
- Department of Biology; Faculty of Science; Ankara University; Tandoğan Campus 06100 Ankara Turkey
| | - Ercüment Çolak
- Department of Biology; Faculty of Science; Ankara University; Tandoğan Campus 06100 Ankara Turkey
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Hautier L, Lebrun R, Cox PG. Patterns of covariation in the masticatory apparatus of hystricognathous rodents: Implications for evolution and diversification. J Morphol 2012; 273:1319-37. [DOI: 10.1002/jmor.20061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Revised: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Ledevin R, Quéré JP, Michaux JR, Renaud S. Can tooth differentiation help to understand species coexistence? The case of wood mice in China. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0469.2012.00666.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Abstract
Having three ossicles in the middle ear is one of the defining features of mammals. All reptiles and birds have only one middle ear ossicle, the stapes or columella. How these two additional ossicles came to reside and function in the middle ear of mammals has been studied for the last 200 years and represents one of the classic example of how structures can change during evolution to function in new and novel ways. From fossil data, comparative anatomy and developmental biology it is now clear that the two new bones in the mammalian middle ear, the malleus and incus, are homologous to the quadrate and articular, which form the articulation for the upper and lower jaws in non-mammalian jawed vertebrates. The incorporation of the primary jaw joint into the mammalian middle ear was only possible due to the evolution of a new way to articulate the upper and lower jaws, with the formation of the dentary-squamosal joint, or TMJ in humans. The evolution of the three-ossicle ear in mammals is thus intricately connected with the evolution of a novel jaw joint, the two structures evolving together to create the distinctive mammalian skull.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neal Anthwal
- Division of Developmental Neurobiology, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, London, UK
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Badenhorst D, Tatard C, Suputtamongkol Y, Robinson TJ, Dobigny G. Host cell/Orientia tsutsugamushi interactions: evolution and expression of syndecan-4 in Asian rodents (Rodentia, Muridae). Infect Genet Evol 2012; 12:1136-46. [PMID: 22484764 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2012.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2011] [Revised: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Scrub typhus is an acute febrile zoonotic disease and worldwide more than a billion people may be at risk for infection. Orientia tsutsugamushi, the causative agent of scrub typhus, is an obligate intracellular bacterium. Rodents are reported to be the primary reservoir hosts of the disease and according to the most recent surveys, all species within the Rattus sensu lato complex of the tribe Rattini are carriers of scrub typhus. There is no evidence that any of mouse (Mus) species serves as the primary reservoir of the bacterium even when occurring in sympatry with wild infected rats. This contrast in the host/syndecan-4 interactions between Rattini and Asian Murini may be due to intrinsic (i.e., genetic) differences. Herein we compare the sequence and expression levels of syndecan-4 (the putative cell receptor of O. tsutsugamushi) between Rattini species that are known to be natural reservoirs for the typhus agents, and Murini species that are not. Although it was not possible to conclusively link the structural variations detected in syndecan-4 with carrier status in either Rattini and Murini, our findings indicate the absence of a strong Orientia-mediated selective regime acting on gene structure. In contrast, variable spleen-specific syndecan-4 expression levels show a strong correlation between under-expression of syndecan-4 in Murini and seropositive Rattini, compared to seronegative Rattini rodents. We postulate that two divergent responses may be at work in Murini and Rattini, both linked with differential expression of syndecan-4: (i) reduced syndecan-4 transcription in Murini decreases the likelihood that the host cells will become infected by the Orientia bacterium, while (ii) reduced syndecan-4 expression in seropositive Rattini limits the pathogenicity of Orientia and consequently improves the longevity of the rat hosts. These patterns may underpin the poor carrier status of wild mice on the one hand, and the effective role of wild rats as reservoir hosts on the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daleen Badenhorst
- Evolutionary Genomics Group, University of Stellenbosch, Botany and Zoology Department, Private Bag X1, 7604 Matieland, South Africa
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