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Abo El-Ela FI, Hassan WH, Amer AM, El-Dek SI. Antifungal Activity of Chitosan Polymeric Nanoparticles and Correlation with Their pH Against Mucor circinelloides Causing Mucormycosis, Along with Penicillium notatum and Aspergillus Species. Curr Microbiol 2023; 81:47. [PMID: 38135799 PMCID: PMC10746780 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03555-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Mucormycosis is uncommon, yet it is more prevalent among individuals with underlying health conditions and those who are immunocompromised. Chitosan is studied because of its appealing properties and diverse applications. The purpose of this work is to synthesize chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) by ionic gelation method at various pH levels and test them against Mucor and other filamentous fungus. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope, Zeta sizer, Zeta potential, and Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy were used to characterize CSNPs. Hydrodynamic size increased considerably with increasing pH. Our CSNPs were tested against fungal isolates of Aspergillus Flavus RCMB 02783, Aspergillus Fumigatus RCMB 02564, and Aspergillus Niger RCMB 02588, Penicillium Notatum (NCPF 2881) and (M. circinelloides CNRMA 03.894) causing mucromycosis. Antifungal activity was investigated using Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), Minimum Fungicidal concentration (MFC), Disc diffusion assay, and Antifungal inhibitory percentages methods. The best antifungal efficacy results were obtained through CSNPs prepared at pH = 4.4 at very low concentration for MIC (1.03 or 2.75 μg/mL) with 100% M. circinelloides inhibition followed by pH = 4.6 with MIC (73 or 208 μg/mL) and 93% M. cirecinelloides inhibition %. Future usage of these materials in masks or wound dressing to avoid fungal infections, including mucormycosis following COVID-19, penicillium, and aspergillosis toxicity and infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma I Abo El-Ela
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt.
| | - Walid Hamdy Hassan
- Department of Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Alaa M Amer
- Materials Science and Nanotechnology Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - S I El-Dek
- Materials Science and Nanotechnology Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
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2
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Chiu CF, Chiu SJ, Bai LY, Feng CH, Hu JL, Lin WY, Huang HY, Weng JR. A macrolide from Streptomyces sp. modulates apoptosis and autophagy through Mcl-1 downregulation in human breast cancer cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:1316-1325. [PMID: 33713530 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Secondary metabolites in marine organisms exhibit various pharmacological activities against diseases, such as cancer. In this study, the anti-proliferative effect of JBIR-100, a macrolide isolated from Streptomyces sp., was investigated in breast cancer cells. Cell growth was inhibited in response to JBIR-100 treatment concentration- and time-dependently in both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. JBIR-100 caused apoptosis, as verified by caspase activation and the cleavage of PARP. Western blotting revealed that JBIR-100 modulated the expression of Akt/NF-κB signaling components and Bcl-2 family members. Overexpression of Mcl-1 partially rescued MCF-7 cells from JBIR-100-induced cytotoxicity. In addition, transmission electron microscopy analyses, confocal analysis, and western blot assay indicated that JBIR-100 inhibited autophagy in MCF-7 cells. Exposure to the autophagy inhibitor did not synergize JBIR-100-induced apoptosis. In summary, our results suggested that JBIR-100 may be potentially used for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Fang Chiu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jiuan Chiu
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yuan Bai
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsien Feng
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Lan Hu
- Cancer Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yu Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Kinmen Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Kinmen, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Yu Huang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Ru Weng
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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3
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Baldino L, González-Garcinuño Á, Tabernero A, Cardea S, Martín del Valle EM, Reverchon E. Production of fungistatic porous structures of cellulose acetate loaded with quercetin, using supercritical CO2. J Supercrit Fluids 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2020.105129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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4
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Holanda MA, da Silva CR, de A Neto JB, do Av Sá LG, do Nascimento FB, Barroso DD, da Silva LJ, Cândido TM, Leitão AC, Barbosa AD, de Moraes MO, Cc B, Júnior HVN. Evaluation of the antifungal activity in vitro of midazolam against fluconazole-resistant Candida spp. isolates. Future Microbiol 2021; 16:71-81. [PMID: 33459560 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2020-0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of midazolam, alone and in association with azoles, against isolates of clinical Candida spp. in planktonic and biofilm form. Materials & methods: The antifungal activity was observed using the broth microdilution technique. Flow cytometry tests were performed to investigate the probable mechanism of action and the comet test and cytotoxicity test were applied to evaluate DNA damage. Results: Midazolam (MIDAZ) showed antifungal activity against planktonic cells (125-250 μg/ml) and reduced the viability of Candida spp. biofilms (125 a 2500 μg/ml). The interaction of MIDAZ against Candida spp. biofilms was observed through scanning electron microscopy, causing alteration of their appearance. Therefore, MIDAZ has antifungal potential against Candida spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Av Holanda
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430 1160, Brazil.,Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430 276, Brazil
| | - Cecília R da Silva
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430 1160, Brazil.,Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430 276, Brazil
| | - João B de A Neto
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430 1160, Brazil.,Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430 276, Brazil.,University Center Christus, Fortaleza, CE 60160 230, Brazil
| | - Lívia G do Av Sá
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430 1160, Brazil.,Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430 276, Brazil
| | - Francisca Bsa do Nascimento
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430 1160, Brazil.,Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430 276, Brazil
| | - Daiana D Barroso
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430 1160, Brazil.,Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430 276, Brazil
| | - Lisandra J da Silva
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430 1160, Brazil.,Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430 276, Brazil
| | - Thiago M Cândido
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430 1160, Brazil.,Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430 276, Brazil.,University Center Christus, Fortaleza, CE 60160 230, Brazil
| | - Amanda C Leitão
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430 1160, Brazil.,Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430 276, Brazil
| | - Amanda D Barbosa
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430 1160, Brazil.,Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430 276, Brazil
| | - Manoel O de Moraes
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430 276, Brazil
| | - Bruno Cc
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430 276, Brazil
| | - Hélio V Nobre Júnior
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430 1160, Brazil.,Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430 276, Brazil
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5
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Gizińska M, Staniszewska M, Ochal Z. Novel Sulfones with Antifungal Properties: Antifungal Activities and Interactions with Candida spp. Virulence Factors. Mini Rev Med Chem 2019; 19:12-21. [PMID: 30246638 DOI: 10.2174/1389557518666180924121209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Since candidiasis is so difficult to eradicate with an antifungal treatment and the existing antimycotics display many limitations, hopefully new sulfone derivatives may overcome these deficiencies. It is pertinent to study new strategies such as sulfone derivatives targeting the virulence attributes of C. albicans that differentiate them from the host. During infections, the pathogenic potential of C. albicans relies on the virulence factors as follows: hydrolytic enzymes, transcriptional factors, adhesion, and development of biofilms. In the article we explored how the above-presented C. albicans fitness and virulence attributes provided a robust response to the environmental stress exerted by sulfones upon C. albicans; C. albicans fitness and virulence attributes are fungal properties whose inactivation attenuates virulence. Our understanding of how these mechanisms and factors are inhibited by sulfones has increased over the last years. As lack of toxicity is a prerequisite for medical approaches, sulfones (non-toxic as assessed in vitro and in vivo) may prove to be useful for reducing C. albicans pathogenesis in humans. The antifungal activity of sulfones dealing with these multiple virulence factors and fitness attributes is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Gizińska
- National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene, Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Staniszewska
- National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene, Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Ochal
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
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6
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Genovese C, Pulvirenti L, Cardullo N, Muccilli V, Tempera G, Nicolosi D, Tringali C. Bioinspired benzoxanthene lignans as a new class of antimycotic agents: synthesis and Candida spp. growth inhibition. Nat Prod Res 2018; 34:1653-1662. [PMID: 30422685 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1525375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In this work we synthetized the bioinspired benzoxanthene lignans (BXLs) 3, 14-22, and the phenazine derivative 23 as potential antimycotic agents. MICs and MFCs against Candida strains were determined. In a preliminary screening, compounds 3, 15, 20, 21, 22 were substantially inactive. Compounds 14 and 17 showed antifungal activity, being able to inhibit the growth of the majority of Candida strains with MIC values in the range 4.6-19.2 µM (14) and 26.0-104.3 µM (17); for three strains, the MICs were lower than those obtained using the antimycotic drug fluconazole. The three BXLs 18, 19 and 23 showed some MIC values lower than that of fluconazole; 18 was also active against two non-albicans Candida strains resistant to fluconazole. Phenazine 23, although active only against one strain (MIC = 1.3 µM), was one order of magnitude more potent than fluconazole. All the BXLs were fungicidal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Genovese
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Microbiology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Luana Pulvirenti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Nunzio Cardullo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Vera Muccilli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Gianna Tempera
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Microbiology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Daria Nicolosi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Microbiology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Corrado Tringali
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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7
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Action mechanism of naphthofuranquinones against fluconazole-resistant Candida tropicalis strains evidenced by proteomic analysis: The role of increased endogenous ROS. Microb Pathog 2018; 117:32-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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8
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Lu M, Li T, Wan J, Li X, Yuan L, Sun S. Antifungal effects of phytocompounds on Candida species alone and in combination with fluconazole. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2016; 49:125-136. [PMID: 28040409 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2016.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Invasive fungal infections caused by Candida spp. remain the most predominant nosocomial fungal infections. Owing to the increased use of antifungal agents, resistance of Candida spp. to antimycotics has emerged frequently, especially to fluconazole (FLC). To cope with this issue, new efforts have been dedicated to discovering novel antimycotics or new agents that can enhance the susceptibility of Candida spp. to existing antimycotics. The secondary metabolites of plants represent a large library of compounds that are important sources for new drugs or compounds suitable for further modification. Research on the anti-Candida activities of phytocompounds has been carried out in recent years and the results showed that a series of phytocompounds have anti-Candida properties, such as phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, terpenoids and alkaloids. Among these phytocompounds, some displayed potent antifungal activity, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ≤8 µg/mL, and several compounds were even more effective against drug-resistant Candida spp. than FLC or itraconazole (e.g. honokiol, magnolol and shikonin). Interestingly, quite a few phytocompounds not only displayed anti-Candida activity alone but also synergised with FLC against Candida spp., even leading to a reversal of FLC resistance. This review focuses on summarising the anti-Candida activities of phytocompounds as well as the interactions of phytocompounds with FLC. In addition, we briefly overview the synergistic mechanisms and present the structure of the antimycotic phytocompounds. Hopefully, this analysis will provide insight into antifungal agent discovery and new approaches against antifungal drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Tao Li
- Intensive Care Unit, Qianfoshan Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province 250014, China
| | - Jianjian Wan
- Department of Respiratory, Yucheng People's Hospital, Yucheng, Shandong Province 251200, China
| | - Xiuyun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Lei Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Baodi District People's Hospital, Tianjin 301800, China
| | - Shujuan Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province 250014, China.
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9
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Staniszewska M, Bondaryk M, Wieczorek M, Estrada-Mata E, Mora-Montes HM, Ochal Z. Antifungal Effect of Novel 2-Bromo-2-Chloro-2-(4-Chlorophenylsulfonyl)-1-Phenylethanone against Candida Strains. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1309. [PMID: 27610100 PMCID: PMC4996825 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the antifungal activity of novel a 2-bromo-2-chloro-2-(4-chlorophenylsulfonyl)-1-phenylethanone (compound 4). The synthesis of compound 4 was commenced from sodium 4-chlorobenzene sulfinate and the final product was obtained by treatment of α-chloro-β-keto-sulfone with sodium hypobromite. The sensitivity of 63 clinical isolates belonging to the most relevant Candida species toward compound 4 using the method M27-A3 was evaluated. We observed among most of the clinical strains of C. albicans MIC ranging from 0.00195 to 0.0078 μg/mL. Compound 4 at 32 μg/mL exhibited fungicidal activity against nine Candida strains tested using the MFC assay. Compound 4 displayed anti-Candida activity (with clear endpoint) against 22% of clinical strains of Candida. Under compound 4, Candida susceptibility and tolerance, namely paradoxical effect (PG), was found for only two clinical isolates (C. glabrata and C. parapsilosis) and reference strain 14053 using both M27-A3 and MFC method. We found that compound 4 does not induce toxicity in vivo against larvae of Galleria mellonella (≥97% survival) and it displays reduced toxicity on mammalian cells in vitro (< CC20 at 64 μg/mL). Furthermore, XTT assay denoted clear metabolic activity of sessile cells in the presence of compound 4. Thus, the effect of compound 4 on formed C. albicans biofilms was minimal. Moreover, strain 90028 exhibited no defects in hyphal growth on Caco-2 monolayer under compound 4 influence at MIC = 16 μg/mL. The MIC values of compound 4 against C. albicans 90028, in medium with sorbitol did not suggest that compound 4 acts by inhibiting fungal cell wall synthesis. Our findings with compound 4 suggest a general strategy for antifungal agent development that might be useful in limiting the emergence of resistance in Candida strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Staniszewska
- National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Bondaryk
- National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Wieczorek
- National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene Warsaw, Poland
| | - Eine Estrada-Mata
- Departamento de Biología, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Héctor M Mora-Montes
- Departamento de Biología, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Zbigniew Ochal
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology Warsaw, Poland
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10
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Nikolic M, Smiljkovic M, Markovic T, Cirica A, Glamoclija J, Markovic D, Sokovic M. Sensitivity of clinical isolates of Candida to essential oils from Burseraceae family. EXCLI JOURNAL 2016; 15:280-9. [PMID: 27330531 PMCID: PMC4908663 DOI: 10.17179/excli2014-621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and antifungal activity of four commercial essential oils from the Burseraceae family - two Boswellia carterii Flueck oils, Canarium luzonicum (Blume) A. Gray oil, and Commiphora myrrha (Nees) Engl oil, against most common Candida spp. recovered from the human oral cavity. The essential oil samples were analyzed by GC-FID and GC/MS. The analysis showed that major essential oils' components were α-pinene (23.04 % and 31.84 %), limonene (45.62 %) and curzerene (34.65 %), respectively. Minimum inhibitory (MIC) and minimum fungicidal (MFC) concentrations were determined using a microdilution standardized technique. All tested Candida spp. clinical isolates and ATCC strains showed susceptibility to tested essential oils in a dose dependent manner. The strongest antifungal activity was shown by essential oil of B. carterii, sample 2; the average MIC values ranged from 1.25 to 1.34 mg/ml, and MFC values ranged from 2.50 to 3.75 mg/ml, depending on the fungus. This study supports the possible use of essential oils from the Bursecaceae family in reduction and elimination of Candida spp. populations in patients with oral cavity fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miloš Nikolic
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stankovic", University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Smiljkovic
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stankovic", University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Markovic
- Institute for Medicinal Plant Research "Josif Pancic", Tadeuša Košcuška 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Cirica
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stankovic", University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jasmina Glamoclija
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stankovic", University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dejan Markovic
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, University of Belgrade, dr Subotica 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marina Sokovic
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stankovic", University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
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11
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Scorzoni L, Sangalli-Leite F, de Lacorte Singulani J, de Paula e Silva ACA, Costa-Orlandi CB, Fusco-Almeida AM, Mendes-Giannini MJS. Searching new antifungals: The use of in vitro and in vivo methods for evaluation of natural compounds. J Microbiol Methods 2016; 123:68-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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12
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Kaomongkolgit R, Jamdee K. Inhibitory Effect of Alpha-Mangostin on Adhesion of Candida albicans to Denture Acrylic. Open Dent J 2015; 9:388-92. [PMID: 26962371 PMCID: PMC4763956 DOI: 10.2174/1874210601509010388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Candida-associated denture stomatitis is a very common disease affecting denture wearers. It is characterized by the presence of yeast biofilm on the denture, primarily associated with C. albicans. The investigation of agents that can reduce C. albicans adhesion may represent a significant advancement in the prevention and treatment of this disease. This study aims to investigate the effect of alpha-mangostin on the in vitro adhesion of C. albicans to denture acrylic and germ tube formation by C. albicans and to compare its activity with clotrimazole which is a topical antifungal agent commonly used for the treatment of Candida-associated denture stomatitis. Materials and Methodology: Alpha-mangostin was extracted by thin layer chromatography. The effect of alpha-mangostin on adhesion of C. albicans to denture acrylic was determined by using a colorimetric tetrazolium assay and germ tube formation by C. albicans was determined by using the counting chamber. Results: A significant reduction of C. albicans adhesion to denture acrylic was evident after exposure to 2,000 µg/ml of alpha-mangostin for only 15 min. In addition, the 2,000 µg/ml of the alpha-mangostin-treated C. albicans had a reduced ability for germ tube formation. These inhibitory effects of alpha-mangostin were as effective as clotrimazole. Conclusion: Alpha-mangostin has antifungal property against C. albicans by inhibiting the adhesion to denture acrylic and germ tube formation in vitro. These results suggest the potential application of alpha-mangostin as a topical medication or a natural oral hygiene product for treatment of Candida-associated denture stomatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchadaporn Kaomongkolgit
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Kusuma Jamdee
- Dental Science Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
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13
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of hydrazone derivatives as antifungal agents. Molecules 2015; 20:9229-41. [PMID: 26007181 PMCID: PMC6272182 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20059229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging yeasts are among the most prevalent causes of systemic infections with high mortality rates and there is an urgent need to develop specific, effective and non-toxic antifungal agents to respond to this issue. In this study 35 aldehydes, hydrazones and hydrazines were obtained and their antifungal activity was evaluated against Candida species (C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis, C. krusei, C. albicans, C. glabrata and C. lusitaneae) and Trichosporon asahii, in an in vitro screening. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the active compounds in the screening was determined against 10 clinical isolates of C. parapsilosis and 10 of T. asahii. The compounds 4-pyridin-2-ylbenzaldehyde] (13a) and tert-butyl-(2Z)-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzylidine)hydrazine carboxylate (7b) showed the most promising MIC values in the range of 16–32 μg/mL and 8–16 μg/mL, respectively. The compounds’ action on the stability of the cell membrane and cell wall was evaluated, which suggested the action of the compounds on the fungal cell membrane. Cell viability of leukocytes and an alkaline comet assay were performed to evaluate the cytotoxicity. Compound 13a was not cytotoxic at the active concentrations. These results support the discovery of promising candidates for the development of new antifungal agents.
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Szweda P, Gucwa K, Kurzyk E, Romanowska E, Dzierżanowska-Fangrat K, Zielińska Jurek A, Kuś PM, Milewski S. Essential Oils, Silver Nanoparticles and Propolis as Alternative Agents Against Fluconazole Resistant Candida albicans, Candida glabrata and Candida krusei Clinical Isolates. Indian J Microbiol 2014; 55:175-83. [PMID: 25805904 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-014-0508-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of effective and safe therapeutic treatment of fungal infections remains one of the major challenge for modern medicine. The aim of presented investigation was to analyze the in vitro antifungal activity of selected essential oils, ethanolic extracts of propolis and silver nanoparticles dropped on TiO2 against azole-resistant C. albicans (n = 20), C. glabrata (n = 14) and C. krusei (n = 10) clinical isolates. Among tested essential oils, the highest activity has definitely been found in the case of the oil isolated from the bark of Cinnamomum cassia, with MIC and MFC values for all tested strains in the range of 0.0006-0.0097 % (v/v) and 0.0012-0.019 % (v/v), respectively. High activity was also observed for the Lemon, Basil, Thyme, Geranium and Clove (from buds) essential oils. Significant differences in fungicidal activity have been observed in the case of four tested propolis samples. Only one of them revealed high activity, with MFC values in the range from 0.156 to 1.25 % (v/v). Satisfactory fungicidal activity, against C. albicans and C. glabrata isolates, was also observed in the case of silver nanoparticles, however C. krusei isolates were mostly resistant. We also revealed that constituents of most of essential oils and propolis as well as silver nanoparticles are not substrates for drug transporters, which belong to the most important factors affecting resistance of Candida spp. clinical isolates to many of conventional antimycotics. To conclude, the results of our investigation revealed that essential oils, propolis and silver nanoparticles represent high potential for controlling and prevention candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Szweda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, ul. G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Gucwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, ul. G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ewelina Kurzyk
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, ul. G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ewa Romanowska
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Dzierżanowska-Fangrat
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Zielińska Jurek
- Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, ul. G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Piotr Marek Kuś
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Sławomir Milewski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, ul. G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
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Sadowska B, Budzyńska A, Więckowska-Szakiel M, Paszkiewicz M, Stochmal A, Moniuszko-Szajwaj B, Kowalczyk M, Różalska B. New pharmacological properties of Medicago sativa and Saponaria officinalis saponin-rich fractions addressed to Candida albicans. J Med Microbiol 2014; 63:1076-1086. [PMID: 24850879 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.075291-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The antifungal activity of the saponin-rich fractions (SFs) from Medicago sativa (aerial parts and roots) and Saponaria officinalis (used as a well-known source of plant saponins) against Candida albicans reference and clinical strains, their yeast-to-hyphal conversion, adhesion, and biofilm formation was investigated. Direct fungicidal/fungistatic properties of the tested phytochemicals used alone, as well as their synergy with azoles (probably resulting from yeast cell wall instability) were demonstrated. Here, to the best of our knowledge, we report for the first time the ability of saponin-rich extracts of M. sativa and S. officinalis to inhibit C. albicans germ tube formation, limit hyphal growth, reduce yeast adherence and biofilm formation, and eradicate mature (24 h) Candida biofilm. Moreover, M. sativa SFs (mainly obtained from aerial parts), in the range of concentrations which were active modulators of Candida virulence factors, exhibited low cytotoxicity against the mouse fibroblast line L929. These properties seem to be very promising in the context of using plant-derived SFs as potential novel antifungal therapeutics supporting classic drugs or as ingredients of disinfectants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Sadowska
- Department of Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Budzyńska
- Department of Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marzena Więckowska-Szakiel
- Department of Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Paszkiewicz
- Department of Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Stochmal
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - Barbara Moniuszko-Szajwaj
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - Mariusz Kowalczyk
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - Barbara Różalska
- Department of Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
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Synergistic effect of the flavonoid catechin, quercetin, or epigallocatechin gallate with fluconazole induces apoptosis in Candida tropicalis resistant to fluconazole. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2013; 58:1468-78. [PMID: 24366745 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00651-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are a class of phenolic compounds commonly found in fruits, vegetables, grains, flowers, tea, and wine. They differ in their chemical structures and characteristics. Such compounds show various biological functions and have antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro interactions of flavonoids with fluconazole against Candida tropicalis strains resistant to fluconazole, investigating the mechanism of synergism. Three combinations formed by the flavonoids (+)-catechin hydrated, hydrated quercetin, and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate at a fixed concentration with fluconazole were tested. Flavonoids alone had no antifungal activity within the concentration range tested, but when they were used as a cotreatment with fluconazole, there was significant synergistic activity. From this result, we set out to evaluate the possible mechanisms of cell death involved in this synergism. Isolated flavonoids did not induce morphological changes or changes in membrane integrity in the strains tested, but when they were used as a cotreatment with fluconazole, these changes were quite significant. When evaluating mitochondrial damage and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) only in the cotreatment, changes were observed. Flavonoids combined with fluconazole were shown to cause a significant increase in the rate of damage and the frequency of DNA damage in the tested strains. The cotreatment also induced an increase in the externalization of phosphatidylserine, an important marker of early apoptosis. It is concluded that flavonoids, when combined with fluconazole, show activity against strains of C. tropicalis resistant to fluconazole, promoting apoptosis by exposure of phosphatidylserine in the plasma membrane and morphological changes, mitochondrial depolarization, intracellular accumulation of ROS, condensation, and DNA fragmentation.
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Shankar M, Wilbanks SM, Nakatani Y, Monk BC, Tyndall JDA. Catalysis product captured in lumazine synthase from the fungal pathogenCandida glabrata. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D: BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY 2013; 69:1580-6. [DOI: 10.1107/s0907444913010949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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18
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Osawa K, Shigemura K, Yoshida H, Fujisawa M, Arakawa S. Candida urinary tract infection and Candida species susceptibilities to antifungal agents. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2013; 66:651-4. [PMID: 23801184 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2013.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2013] [Revised: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to review Candida isolation from urine of urinary tract infection (UTI) patients over the recent 3 years at the Kobe University Hospital. We recorded the type of strain, the department where the patient was treated such as the intensive care unit (ICU), and combined isolation of Candida with other microorganisms. We investigated Candida isolation and susceptibilities to antifungal agents and analyzed the risk factors for combined isolation with other microorganisms. The most frequently isolated Candida was Candida albicans, which showed good (100%) susceptibilities to 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) and fluconazole (FLCZ) but not to voriconazole (VRCZ), followed by C. glabrata. ICU was the greatest source of Candida-positive samples, and the most relevant underlying diseases of ICU patients were pneumonia followed by renal failure and post liver transplantation status. Combined isolation with other bacteria was seen in 27 cases (42.9%) in 2009, 25 (33.3%) in 2010 and 31 (31.3%) in 2011 and comparatively often seen in non-ICU patients. Other candidas than C. albicans showed significantly decreased susceptibility to FLCZ over these 3 years (P=0.004). One hundred (97.1%) of 103 ICU cases were given antibiotics at the time of Candida isolation, and the most often used antibiotics were cefazolin or meropenem. In conclusion, C. albicans was representatively isolated in Candida UTI and showed good susceptibilities to 5-FC, FLCZ and VRCZ, but other candidas than C. albicans showed significantly decreased susceptibility to FLCZ in the change of these 3 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayo Osawa
- Infectious control team, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
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Sundararaman M, Rajesh Kumar R, Venkatesan P, Ilangovan A. 1-Alkyl-(N,N-dimethylamino)pyridinium bromides: inhibitory effect on virulence factors of Candida albicans and on the growth of bacterial pathogens. J Med Microbiol 2013; 62:241-248. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.050070-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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20
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Budzyńska A, Sadowska B, Lipowczan G, Maciąg A, Kalemba D, Różalska B. Activity of Selected Essential Oils against <i>Candida</i> spp. strains. Evaluation of New Aspects of their Specific Pharmacological Properties, with Special Reference to Lemon Balm. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/aim.2013.34045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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