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Sugai N, Werre S, Cecere JT, Balogh O. Comparing different sperm concentrations for optimizing cooled semen use in the dog. Front Vet Sci 2024; 10:1339840. [PMID: 38347887 PMCID: PMC10860413 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1339840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of shipping canine semen for artificial insemination has bloomed over the last 20 years. This allows for the spread of genetic material while overcoming geographical or time-related challenges. The optimal sperm concentration for cooled semen transport in the dog is unknown. Often canine semen is extended 1:3-5 vol:vol without standardized sperm concentrations for cooled shipment. We compared different sperm concentrations for cooled storage and hypothesized that lower concentrations would result in better semen quality. Semen was collected from healthy client-owned dogs (n = 8). Individual ejaculates were divided into a control aliquot (CON) extended 1:3 vol:vol with a commercial extender. The remaining sample was centrifuged and extended to 200 ×106 sperm/ml (C200), then serially diluted to 100, 50, and 25 ×106 sperm/ml concentrations (C100-C25). Aliquots were cooled for 24 h and then centrifuged and re-extended. Sperm concentration, plasma membrane integrity (PMI, %), motility (subjective total, STM; computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) total and progressive, TM, PM; %), and normal morphology (NM, %) were assessed in raw semen (T0), post-extension (T1), after 24 h of cooling (T2), and after processing at 24 h (T3). Cooling resulted in significant declines in STM and NM for all groups and in decreased PMI for CON and C25-50. After cooling (at T2), PMI was significantly lower for C25 compared with all the groups and higher for CON compared with C25-100 (p ≤ 0.038). Processing and re-extension after cooling further decreased the spermiogram parameters. At T3, PMI for CON was similar to C200 but significantly higher than C25-100, while C25 had the lowest PMI. For motility parameters and NM, C25 performed worse than all or most of the other groups. Comparing CON at T3 with C25-200 at T2, PMI, STM, and NM for CON were significantly lower than C25-200, C200, and C100-200, respectively. In conclusion, our results show that cooling canine semen for 24 h at 200 ×106 sperm/ml final concentration after processing or extending 1:3 vol:vol without centrifugation is preferred based on the highest PMI. If volume restrictions apply, processing raw semen and extending to the desired volume with higher sperm concentrations at the collection facility is superior to centrifugation and volume adjustment after 24 h of cooled storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Sugai
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Stephen Werre
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Julie T. Cecere
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Orsolya Balogh
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, United States
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Sugai N, Werre S, Cecere J, Balogh O. Defining an Optimal Range of Centrifugation Parameters for Canine Semen Processing. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13081421. [PMID: 37106983 PMCID: PMC10135290 DOI: 10.3390/ani13081421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Our objective was to determine a clinically relevant range of centrifugation parameters for processing canine semen. We hypothesized that higher gravitational (g) force and longer time of centrifugation would result in improved spermatozoa recovery rate (RR) but poorer semen quality. Cooled storage under standard shipping conditions was used as a stressor to evaluate long-term treatment effects. Individual ejaculates collected from 14 healthy dogs were split into six treatment groups (400 g, 720 g, and 900 g for 5 or 10 min). Sperm RR (%) was calculated post-centrifugation, and plasma membrane integrity (%, Nucleocounter® SP-100™), total and progressive motility (%, subjective and computer-assisted sperm analysis), and morphology (%, eosin-nigrosin staining) were assessed on initial raw semen (T0), post-centrifugation (T1), and 24 h (T2) and 48 h (T3) after cooling. Sperm losses were minimal, and RRs were similar across treatment groups (median >98%, p ≥ 0.062). Spermatozoa membrane integrity was not different between centrifugation groups at any time point (p ≥ 0.38) but declined significantly during cooling (T1 vs. T2/T3, p ≤ 0.001). Similarly, total and progressive motility did not differ across treatments but declined in all groups from T1 to T3 (p ≤ 0.02). In conclusion, our study showed that centrifugation within a range of 400 g-900 g for 5-10 min is appropriate for processing canine semen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Sugai
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Stephen Werre
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Julie Cecere
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Orsolya Balogh
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
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Divar MR, Mogheiseh A, Mohammadi F, Mavalizadeh L. Effects of extender filtration and egg yolk concentration on canine semen cryopreservation. Reprod Domest Anim 2023; 58:272-287. [PMID: 36264284 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The semen cooling and freezing extenders commonly contain the chicken egg yolk (EY) as the main sperm cryoprotectant. Besides its advantages, the EY has large lipoprotein granules that cause several physical and biological interferences. The previous studies have proposed several methods to resolve the problems with the EY-based semen extenders, including mechanical agitation, EY fractionation, replacing the EY with purified EY LDL, and ultrasonication. In the current research, we aimed to evaluate the syringe filtration (220 nm) of an EY-based canine semen freezing extender as a simple and cheap method to remove the EY granules. We also studied the possibility of re-aggregation of EY granules after cooling, freeze/thawing, and lyophilization/rehydration of the filtered extenders. Additionally, we compared the effects of the filtration on lipid profile, turbidity, EY particle size distribution, and osmolality of the EY-based extenders. Next, we examined the effects of filtered extenders containing different levels of EY (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%) versus the control extender (20% EY, unfiltered) on post-thaw sperm quality traits. We collected the semen samples from seven clinically healthy mixed-breed adult dogs and pooled them for sperm freezing procedures. Samplings were repeated at least five times, independently. Our results indicated that the syringe filtration could remove the large EY particles and reduce the extender turbidity without affecting the lipid profile of the whole extender solution. The filtered extender supplemented with 25% (v/v) EY led to the best post-thaw canine spermatozoa quality markers. The frozen-thawed spermatozoa evaluations included motility parameters (computer-assisted semen analysis system), membrane and acrosome integrity (hypo-osmotic swelling test, chlortetracycline binding assay), DNA fragmentation (sperm chromatin dispersion assay), membrane lipid peroxidation (MDA levels), apoptosis (Annexin V/propidium iodide assay), and fertility-associated sperm mRNA transcript abundance (protamine 2 and 3). In conclusion, the syringe filtration of the EY-based semen extenders was a simple and cheap method that could effectively remove large EY lipoprotein granules and possibly prevent EY-origin bacterial contamination of the final extender solution. The EY at 25% (v/v) concentration in the filtered extenders resulted in the highest canine spermatozoa cryo-tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Divar
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Asghar Mogheiseh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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Divar MR, Azari M, Mogheiseh A, Ghahramani S. Supplementation of melatonin to cooling and freezing extenders improves canine spermatozoa quality measures. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:86. [PMID: 35248044 PMCID: PMC8897891 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03186-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sperm freezing and cold storage are the two most common assisted reproductive technologies in the canine breeding industry. The freeze-thawing process causes significant detrimental changes in both sperm cell structure and function. Previous research has confirmed that excessive accumulation of un-scavenged free radicals (oxidative stress) plays an important role in the cryopreservation-induced damage to sperm cells. Also, the gradual accumulation of the free radicals during cold storage leads to a decline in the sperm quality markers. Melatonin is an endogenous neurohormone synthesized from tryptophan amino acid by pineal glands. Besides its several well-known physiologic roles, melatonin has a significant antioxidant potential through direct free radical scavenging properties. Therefore, the current study was designed to evaluate the potential in vitro protective properties of melatonin (0.5, 1, and 2 mM) on canine sperm cells after freezing or during long-term cold storage (9 days, 5 °C) on most important sperm in vitro fertility markers. Results Melatonin at 0.5, 1- or 2-mM concentrations could preserve significantly higher sperm total motility after 4 days of cold storage. However, only the 1- and 2 mM melatonin concentrations could result in better TM and PM values after 7 days of cold storage. Furthermore, melatonin supplementation could preserve higher sperm viability and acrosome integrity after 7 days of storage. Also, it could have significant protective effects on the cooled sperm DNA integrity. In the freezing section of the current research, melatonin at either 1- or 2-mM concentrations could not improve the sperm post-thaw TM and PM, whereas they improved sperm DNA integrity. Also, the post-thaw plasma membrane functional integrity and sperm velocity parameters were not affected by the treatment. Although DMSO (Dimethyl Sulfoxide) as the melatonin solvent could reduce the level of sperm lipid peroxidation and even improve the post-thaw sperm DNA integrity compared to the negative control, it reduced the post-thaw sperm progressive motility. However, the negative effects were reversed by concurrent melatonin supplementation at 1- and 2-mM concentrations. Conclusion The addition of 1- or 2-mM melatonin to the canine sperm freezing and cooling media could improve sperm motility, viability, acrosome, and DNA integrity.
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Bang S, Qamar AY, Tanga BM, Fang X, Seong G, Nabeel AHT, Yu IJ, Saadeldin IM, Cho J. Quercetin improves the apoptotic index and oxidative stress in post-thaw dog sperm. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:21925-21934. [PMID: 34773592 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17421-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Freeze storage of ejaculated sperms is a crucial technique for the semen preservation of valuable pet animals such as dogs. The current study was conducted to investigate if quercetin (QRN) may ameliorate apoptosis and oxidative stress in post-thaw dog sperm. Herein, we evaluated the post-thaw apoptosis and oxidative stress after treatment with QRN (control, 25, 50, and 100 μM) in the freezing of dog semen. Reactive oxygen species levels were significantly affected (p < 0.05) between the various concentrations of QRN and the control (17.56 ± 1.02, 7.54 ± 0.48, 5.66 ± 0.80, and 10.41 ± 0.69), respectively. The apoptosis index was 9.1 ± 1.34, 6.66 ± 0.58, 6.77 ± 0.66, and 5.38 ± 0.86 in the control, and 25, 50, and 100 μM QRN treatment groups, respectively (p < 0.05). The effects of ameliorated cryo-induced damage by QRN on post-thaw sperm quality were also observed through improved structural and functional tests. Sperm treated with 50 μM QRN showed significantly higher motility (51.8 ± 2.1% vs. 43.1 ± 1.4%, P < 0.05), survival rates (46.9 ± 0.7% vs. 43.9 ± 0.4%, P < 0.05), and mucus penetration than control group, respectively. Results also indicated that higher concentrations of QRN (100 μM) were not effective on sperm quality and parameters when compared with the medium levels (50 μM). In conclusion, supplementation of freezing buffer with 50 μM QRN reduced oxidative damage and improved the quality of post-thaw dog sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonggyu Bang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 34134, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmad Yar Qamar
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 34134, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang, Sub-Campus University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Bereket Molla Tanga
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 34134, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hawassa University, 05, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Xun Fang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 34134, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeonghwan Seong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 34134, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Abdelbagi Hamad Talha Nabeel
- Laboratory of Theriogenology and Reproductive Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Il-Jeoung Yu
- Laboratory of Theriogenology and Reproductive Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Islam M Saadeldin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 34134, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 34134, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongki Cho
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 34134, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Suzuki H, Watanabe H, Abe Y. Assisted reproductive techniques for canines: preservation of genetic material in domestic dogs. J Reprod Dev 2021; 68:1-11. [PMID: 34840199 PMCID: PMC8872749 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2021-111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs), such as artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization, and cryopreservation of gametes/zygotes, have been developed to improve breeding and reproduction of livestock and for the treatment of human infertility. Their widespread use has contributed to improvements in human health and welfare. However, in dogs, only artificial insemination using frozen semen is readily available as an ART to improve breeding and control genetic diversity. A recent priority in sperm cryopreservation is the development of alternatives to egg yolk, which is widely used as a component of the sperm extender. Egg yolk can vary in composition among batches and is prone to contamination by animal pathogens. The latter can be a problem for international exchange of cryopreserved semen. Low-density lipoprotein and skim milk are promising candidates for use as extenders, to ensure fertility after artificial insemination. Although not tested for its effects on fertility following artificial insemination, polyvinyl alcohol may also be a useful alternative to egg yolk as an extender. The development of cryopreservation techniques for canine embryos lags behind that for other mammals, including humans. However, given the success of non-surgical embryo transfer in 2011, studies have sought to refine this approach for practical use. Research on sperm cryopreservation has yielded satisfactory results. However, investigation of other approaches, such as cryopreservation of oocytes and gonadal tissues, remains insufficient. Techniques for the efficient induction of estrus may aid in the development of successful canine ARTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Suzuki
- Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Watanabe
- Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Abe
- Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Hiroshima 727-0023, Japan
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Galarza DA, Landi G, Mejía E, Samaniego JX, Méndez S, Soria ME, Taboada J, Sánchez-Calabuig MJ, Castaño C, Santiago-Moreno J. Cryopreservation of dog epididymal spermatozoa by conventional freezing or ultra-rapid freezing with nonpermeable cryoprotectant. Cryobiology 2021; 103:15-21. [PMID: 34715114 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed to assess the effectiveness of two methods for cryopreservation of dog epididymal spermatozoa, one by conventional freezing (CF) with shortening both equilibration and cooling times, and the other by ultra-rapid freezing (URF) with nonpermeable cryoprotectant. Sixty epididymides were recovered from thirty orchiectomized adult dogs and the sperm samples were retrieved by retrograde flushing using TCG-EY (tris, citric acid, glucose + 20% egg yolk) extender and then 20 pools were conformed. Each pool was divided into 2 aliquots and then cryopreserved by CF and URF methods respectively. The CF method maintained the cooled-pool samples for 2h (1h without and 1h with 5% glycerol) and then were frozen by liquid nitrogen (LN2) vapors for 2 min. The URF method cryopreserved the cooled-pool samples using TCG-EY+250 mM sucrose, equilibrating during 30 min (5 °C) and submerging 30-μL drops directly in LN2. The results showed that the URF method produced a lower percentage of total and progressive motilities and acrosome integrity (P < 0.05) than the CF method. However, the kinetic variables (curvilinear and straight-line velocities, straightness, linearity, wobble, amplitude of lateral head displacement, and beat-cross frequency) and plasma membrane integrity did not differ (P > 0.05) between both cryopreservation methods. Unlike the URF method, the width, area and perimeter of sperm head were reduced after the CF method (P < 0.05). In conclusion, despite the low motility achieved after the ultra-rapid freezing method, the similar values of kinetic, viability and head morphometric dimensions to those obtained after conventional freezing, suggest that ultra-rapid freezing with sucrose may be a useful alternative for the cryopreservation of canine epididymal sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A Galarza
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de La Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cuenca, EC010205, Cuenca, Ecuador.
| | - Gabriela Landi
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de La Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cuenca, EC010205, Cuenca, Ecuador.
| | - Edisson Mejía
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de La Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cuenca, EC010205, Cuenca, Ecuador.
| | - Jorge X Samaniego
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de La Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cuenca, EC010205, Cuenca, Ecuador.
| | - Silvana Méndez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de La Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cuenca, EC010205, Cuenca, Ecuador.
| | - Manuel E Soria
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de La Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cuenca, EC010205, Cuenca, Ecuador.
| | - Juan Taboada
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de La Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cuenca, EC010205, Cuenca, Ecuador.
| | | | - Cristina Castaño
- Departamento de Reproducción Animal, INIA-CSIC, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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Cryoprotective Effects of Ergothioneine and Isoespintanol on Canine Semen. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11102757. [PMID: 34679779 PMCID: PMC8532791 DOI: 10.3390/ani11102757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cryopreserving dog semen allows the long-term availability of male gametes for future artificial insemination and other assisted reproductive techniques. However, freezing causes irreversible damage to sperm that can affect its ability to fertilize and generate a viable pregnancy. Sperm alterations are partly attributed to oxidation produced by reactive oxygen species (ROS); therefore, antioxidants have been included as extenders for seminal cryopreservation. The unconventional natural antioxidants might reduce deleterious changes in cryopreserved dog sperm; therefore, we evaluated the effects of cryopreservation with the antioxidants ergothioneine and isoespintanol on thawed canine sperm. Various concentrations of both antioxidants improved the movement capacity and structure of thawed spermatozoa, possibly by reducing ROS production. The unconventional antioxidants isoespintanol and ergothioneine improved the quality of cryopreserved canine semen and hence improved assisted canine reproduction. Abstract Sperm undergo oxidative stress due to excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during cryopreservation. Some unconventional natural antioxidants can reduce ROS-induced changes in cryopreserved canine sperm. This study aimed to identify the cryoprotective effects of ergothioneine and isoespintanol on the quality of thawed canine semen. Twelve ejaculates from six dogs were cryopreserved in a tris-yolk extender without (control) or with 50 (E50), 100 (E100), or 150 (E150) µM ergothioneine or 20 (I20), 40 (I40), or 60 (I60) µM isoespintanol. We evaluated the motility and kinetics of thawed sperm using computerized analysis; determined morphology by eosin-nigrosin staining; functional membrane integrity using hypoosmotic tests, and structural membrane and acrosome integrity; mitochondrial membrane potential by fluorescence microscopy; and ROS production by spectrophotometry. Data were statistically analyzed using mixed models and Tukey tests. E100 increased total (60.6% vs. 49.6%) and progressive (26.4% vs. 20.1%) motility, straight line velocity (41.3 vs. 35.9 µm/s), and rapid sperm (17.6% vs. 12.3%) compared with controls. However, E150 reduced the numbers of hyperactive sperm. E100, I40, and I60 reduced the abnormal morphology and ROS production, and all concentrations of both antioxidants increased acrosomal integrity. We concluded that ergothioneine and isoespintanol reduce deleterious sperm alterations and oxidative stress in thawed canine semen.
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The effect of L-glutamine and trehalose on dog sperm cryopreservation. ACTA VET BRNO 2021. [DOI: 10.2754/avb202190020201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to test different doses of L-glutamine and trehalose in the canine semen diluent while determining their protective effects on spermatological and biochemical indices of the thawed samples. Semen samples were collected from three fertile dogs using the digital manipulation method. The mixed ejaculates were divided into five portions at 37 °C and diluted with additives. Five study groups were formed with L-glutamine (10 and 20 mM), trehalose (25 and 50 mM), and no additives (control). After the dilution, the semen samples were cooled for 1.5 h at 5 °C and frozen (-110 to -120 °C) in liquid nitrogen vapor. Then, they were stored at -196 °C. For spermatological evaluations, samples were thawed at 38 °C for 30 s. L-glutamine (20 mM) was found to be significantly different (P < 0.05) and led to higher percentages of motility, membrane integrity, and acrosome integrity compared to the control group. Considering the total oxidant status (TOS) assay, the lower values were determined in all the antioxidant groups compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Supplementing the semen extender with L-glutamine showed a higher total antioxidant status (TAS) concentration compared to the control group (P < 0.05). As a result of this study, a higher protective effect was found in all the spermatological evaluations after thawing the frozen semen samples, especially in the group containing L-glutamine (20 mM).
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Schäfer-Somi S, Binder C, Burak J, Papadopoulos N, Ilas J, Boersma A, Aurich C. Using egg yolk in a TRIS-Equex STM paste extender for freezing of dog semen is superior to egg yolk plasma, also after addition of lecithin and catalase. Cryobiology 2021; 100:63-71. [PMID: 33826944 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2021.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We compared the results of using egg yolk plasma (EYP) instead of egg yolk (EY) in a TRIS-based Equex STM Paste freezing extender system for dog semen [25]. We also tested whether the addition of lecithin and catalase to the EYP extenders would improve results. Fractionated semen collection was done in 17 stud dogs and the sperm rich fraction diluted with different extenders in 2 steps: (I) TRIS-fructose-citric acid extender (TRIS) containing 20% egg yolk (EY) and 3% glycerol [25], (II) TRIS containing 20% egg yolk plasma (EYP) and 3% glycerol, and (III) TRIS containing 20% EYP and 0.8% lecithin (EYP-L) and 3% glycerol. After equilibration the second dilution step was done: samples with (I) were diluted with TRIS-EY with 7% glycerol and 1% Equex STM paste [25]; samples with (II) and (III) were divided in 2 aliquots each, and one part diluted with TRIS-EYP or TRIS-EYP-L, both containing 7% glycerol and 1% Equex STM paste, and the other one part with the same extenders containing additionally 300 I.U./mL catalase. After freezing and thawing, samples were analyzed by CASA and sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA); reactive oxygen species (ROS), degree of apoptosis and zona binding ability were determined. Semen samples with TRIS-EY with a final concentration of 5% glycerol and 0.5% Equex STM paste [25] showed best post thaw progressive motility (P), most intact cells, lowest percentage of ROS, acrosome damages, dead and apoptotic cells. Curvilinear velocity (VCL), DNA fragmentation, morphological abnormalities and zona binding ability did not differ between groups. Replacement of egg yolk by EYP increased the ROS and late apoptotic cells. Addition of lecithin and catalase to EYP containing extenders decreased motility and increased complete apoptosis. We conclude that egg yolk is superior to EYP in the here investigated extenders. The TRIS-based extender [25] with EYP could not be improved by addition of lecithin and catalase; however, in-vivo fertilization capacity of the here examined extenders remains to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Schäfer-Somi
- Department of Small Animals and Horses, Platform for AI and ET, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, Vienna, Austria.
| | - C Binder
- Clinic for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Andrology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, Vienna, Austria.
| | - J Burak
- Platform for AI and ET, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, Vienna, Austria.
| | - N Papadopoulos
- Platform for AI and ET, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, Vienna, Austria.
| | - J Ilas
- Takeda Pharma Austria, Vienna, Austria.
| | - A Boersma
- Institute of In-vivo and In-vitro Models, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, Vienna, Austria.
| | - C Aurich
- Platform for AI and ET, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, Vienna, Austria.
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Nabeel AHT, Jeon Y, Yu IJ. Use of polyvinyl alcohol as a chemically defined compound in egg yolk-free extender for dog sperm cryopreservation. Reprod Domest Anim 2019; 54:1449-1458. [PMID: 31381179 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a chemically defined compound in egg yolk (EY)-free extender by determining the appropriate concentration of PVA and the effect of pH adjustment in EY-free PVA extenders on dog spermatozoa. Spermatozoa (1 × 108 cells/ml) were frozen with EY-free extenders supplemented with 0 (control), 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 or 0.3 g/100 ml PVA. Sperm progressive motility (PM) was assessed immediately after thawing (IAT) and post-thaw incubation (PTI), while viability, acrosome integrity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were evaluated after PTI. Additionally, spermatozoa were frozen using EY-free PVA extenders before pH adjustment (6.45) and after adjustment of pH (6.85). Viability, PM, ROS and gene expression (BCL2 and SMCP) were assessed. Supplementation with 0.05 g/100 ml or more PVA significantly increased PM compared to the control group in the IAT and PTI. Post-thaw incubation significantly increased sperm motility in all groups. The acrosome integrity in all PVA groups was higher (p < .05) than the control without an effect on ROS and viability. Adjustment of the pH to 6.85 improved (p < .05) sperm PM compared to the non-adjusted groups without affecting viability, ROS or expression of BCL2 and SMCP. We suggest that PVA supplementation in EY-free Tris extenders can effectively protect dog spermatozoa during freezing and can maintain higher motility and acrosome integrity. Adjustment of pH in EY-free PVA extenders can improve post-thaw sperm motility. Therefore, PVA can be used as a compound in EY-free extender for the cryopreservation of dog spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelbagi Hamad Talha Nabeel
- Laboratory of Theriogenology and Reproductive Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Korea.,Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Yubyeol Jeon
- Laboratory of Theriogenology and Reproductive Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Il-Jeoung Yu
- Laboratory of Theriogenology and Reproductive Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Korea
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Andersen AH, Thinnesen M, Failing K, Goericke-Pesch S. Effect of reduced glutathione (GSH) supplementation to Tris-egg yolk extender on chilled semen variables of dogs. Anim Reprod Sci 2018; 198:145-153. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2018.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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13
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Franklin AD, Waddell WT, Goodrowe KL. Red wolf (Canis rufus) sperm quality and quantity is affected by semen collection method, extender components, and post-thaw holding temperature. Theriogenology 2018; 116:41-48. [PMID: 29777963 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cryopreserving genetic resources is becoming increasingly important for species management. In the zoo-based red wolf (Canis rufus) population, inbreeding continues to increase in the absence of new founders. Through banking sperm, we preserve genetic diversity and create the ability to decrease inbreeding accumulation in the future. The quality and quantity of banked sperm can be affected by cryopreservation media and semen collection methods. This study's objectives were to further optimize semen extender used for red wolf sperm cryopreservation, investigate effects of post-thaw holding temperature, and to determine if urethral catheterization is an effective method for semen collection in this species. Semen collection via electroejaculation (EE) was performed on 39 adult red wolf males (ages 1 to 11) from 15 institutions. Urethral catheterization (UC) was attempted on a subset (n = 14) of those males, prior to EE. Thirteen different semen extenders were used for cryopreservation, which varied in osmolarity (HI or NORM), sugar source (glucose, fructose, or a combination), and cryoprotectant (glycerol or DMSO). Significant decreases in percent motility, forward progressive status (FPS), and acrosomal integrity were observed over time across all extenders (P < 0.0001). Among the extender components examined, post-thaw sperm motility and FPS were lower in DMSO versus glycerol based treatments (P < 0.005). Therefore, DMSO should be considered unsuitable as a cryoprotectant when freezing red wolf sperm. Effects of osmolarity and sugar source were minimal and temporally variable, however notably, a higher percentage of morphologically normal sperm were observed in the fructose-based extenders compared to glucose-based extenders post-thaw (P < 0.05). Additionally, post-thaw sperm motility and FPS declined more rapidly in samples maintained at 37 °C compared to samples held at room temperature (P < 0.05). Greater volumes of semen were collected using EE compared to UC (P = 0.041), and sperm samples collected using EE also had greater motility and FPS (P < 0.05). Additionally, though no gross morphological differences were observed, there were fewer sperm with intact acrosomes in the samples collected via UC (P = 0.0443). Thus, UC should not be considered sufficient for semen collection in red wolves when the desired fate of sperm is cryopreservation and/or AI. However, UC does provide an opportunity for a basic reproductive evaluation of a red wolf male.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley D Franklin
- Point Defiance Zoo & Aquarium, 5400 N. Pearl Street, Tacoma, WA 98407, USA.
| | - William T Waddell
- Point Defiance Zoo & Aquarium, 5400 N. Pearl Street, Tacoma, WA 98407, USA.
| | - Karen L Goodrowe
- Point Defiance Zoo & Aquarium, 5400 N. Pearl Street, Tacoma, WA 98407, USA.
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Vieira NDMG, Losano JDDA, Angrimani DDSR, Kawai GKV, Bicudo LDC, Rui BR, da Silva BDCS, Assumpção MEOD, Nichi M. Induced sperm oxidative stress in dogs: Susceptibility against different reactive oxygen species and protective role of seminal plasma. Theriogenology 2018; 108:39-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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15
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A two-step dilution tris-egg yolk extender containing Equex STM significantly improves sperm cryopreservation in the African wild dog (Lycaon pictus). Cryobiology 2018; 80:18-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2017.12.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Axnér E, Lagerson E. Cryopreservation of Dog Semen in a Tris Extender with 1% or 2% Soya Bean Lecithin as a Replacement of Egg Yolk. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 51:262-8. [PMID: 26946310 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Egg yolk is usually included in extenders used for preservation of dog semen. Lecithin is an interesting animal-protein free alternative to egg yolk for semen preservation. The aim of our study was to evaluate soya bean lecithin for cryopreservation of dog semen. Five ejaculate replicates were divided in three equal parts, centrifuged and each pellet diluted with one of the three Tris-based extenders containing 20% egg yolk, 1% soya bean lecithin or 2% soya bean lecithin. Extended semen was loaded in 0.5-ml straws, cooled and diluted a second time and frozen in liquid nitrogen vapours. Sperm motility parameters (CASA), acrosome integrity (FITC-PNA/PI) and sperm membrane integrity (C-FDA) were evaluated 5 min post-thaw and after 2 and 4 h of incubation. Total motility was significantly better in the egg yolk extender than in any of the lecithin-based extender and was better in the 1% lecithin extender than in the 2% lecithin extender. Sperm membrane integrity was significantly better in the egg yolk extender than in any of the lecithin-based extenders but did not differ significantly between the 1% and 2% lecithin extenders. Acrosome integrity was significantly better in the egg yolk extender than in the 2% lecithin extender but did not differ between the egg yolk extender and the 1% lecithin extender or between the two lecithin extenders. In conclusion, egg yolk was superior to lecithin in our study. The extender with 1% lecithin preserved sperm motility better than the extender with 2% lecithin.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Axnér
- Division of Reproduction, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden
| | - E Lagerson
- Division of Reproduction, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden
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17
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Effect of reduced glutathione (GSH) in canine sperm cryopreservation: In vitro and in vivo evaluation. Cryobiology 2016; 72:135-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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18
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Belala R, Delay J, Amirat L, Ropers MH, Guillou JL, Anton M, Schmitt E, Thorin C, Michaud S, Kaidi R, Tainturier D, Bencharif D. The benefits of liposomes for chilling canine sperm for 4 days at 4°C. Anim Reprod Sci 2016; 168:100-109. [PMID: 26952759 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2016.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study comprises 3 experiments exploring the possible benefits and mechanism of action of liposomes for chilling (4°C) canine sperm over a period of 4 days. In the first experiment, 20 ejaculates collected from 5 Beagle dogs were chilled in an extender containing 6% low density lipoproteins (LDL) (Control), or one of 7 extenders containing different concentrations (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 15, 20%) of liposomes (LIPO). These ejaculates were chilled over 4 days and motility was assessed daily using a Hamilton Thorne analyzer (HTM-IVOS, 14.0). The 2% LIPO obtained the best results (p=0.038) after four days (72.55% motile spermatozoa and 31.4% progressive spermatozoa). In experiment 2, 10 ejaculates were collected from same 5 dogs and chilled in 6% LDL or 2% LIPO-based extenders. Sperm integrity characteristics were assessed prior to refrigeration and every 48h for four days (D0, D2, and D4). Acrosome integrity was assessed using the FITC-PSA test (Fluorescein IsoThiocyanate-Pisum Sativum Agglutinin), plasma membrane (PM) integrity using both the hypo-osmotic swelling test (HOSt) and SYBR14/Propidium Iodide test (SYBR14/PI), and DNA integrity using the Acridine-Orange test (AO). The 2% LIPO extender provided equivalent preservation of sperm integrity parameters to the reference extender (6% LDL). In experiment 3, a Langmuir-Blodgett trough was used to evaluate the mechanistic interactions between LDL, LIPO, prostatic fluid, and the canine spermatozoal membrane during chilling. Results indicate that LDL and LIPO interact differently with the biomimetic membrane. The most likely conclusion of these findings is that LDL and liposomes employ different protective mechanisms during the chilling (4°C) of canine spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Redha Belala
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pathology of Reproduction, ONIRIS: The National Veterinary, Food Agriculture, and Food Hygiene School of Loire Atlantique, BP 40706, 44307 Nantes, France; Laboratory of Biotechnology of Animal Reproduction, SAAD DAHLAB University of Blida (U.BLIDA1), BP 270, 09000 Blida, Algeria
| | - Juliette Delay
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pathology of Reproduction, ONIRIS: The National Veterinary, Food Agriculture, and Food Hygiene School of Loire Atlantique, BP 40706, 44307 Nantes, France
| | - Lamia Amirat
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pathology of Reproduction, ONIRIS: The National Veterinary, Food Agriculture, and Food Hygiene School of Loire Atlantique, BP 40706, 44307 Nantes, France
| | - Marie-Hélène Ropers
- UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, Equipe Interfaces et Systèmes Dispersés, INRA, F-44316 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Jocya Le Guillou
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pathology of Reproduction, ONIRIS: The National Veterinary, Food Agriculture, and Food Hygiene School of Loire Atlantique, BP 40706, 44307 Nantes, France
| | - Marc Anton
- UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, Equipe Interfaces et Systèmes Dispersés, INRA, F-44316 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Eric Schmitt
- IMV Technologies, 10 rue Clemenceau, BP 81, 61302 Aigle Cedex, France
| | - Chantal Thorin
- Department of Statistics, ONIRIS: The National Veterinary, Food Agriculture, and Food Hygiene School of Loire Atlantique, BP 40706, 44307 Nantes, France
| | - Sandrine Michaud
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pathology of Reproduction, ONIRIS: The National Veterinary, Food Agriculture, and Food Hygiene School of Loire Atlantique, BP 40706, 44307 Nantes, France
| | - Rachid Kaidi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Animal Reproduction, SAAD DAHLAB University of Blida (U.BLIDA1), BP 270, 09000 Blida, Algeria
| | - Daniel Tainturier
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pathology of Reproduction, ONIRIS: The National Veterinary, Food Agriculture, and Food Hygiene School of Loire Atlantique, BP 40706, 44307 Nantes, France
| | - Djemil Bencharif
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pathology of Reproduction, ONIRIS: The National Veterinary, Food Agriculture, and Food Hygiene School of Loire Atlantique, BP 40706, 44307 Nantes, France.
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19
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Karger S, Geiser B, Grau M, Burfeind O, Heuwieser W, Arlt S. Prognostic value of a pre-freeze hypo-osmotic swelling test on the post-thaw quality of dog semen. Anim Reprod Sci 2016; 166:141-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2016.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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20
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Lucio CF, Regazzi FM, Silva LCG, Angrimani DSR, Nichi M, Vannucchi CI. Oxidative stress at different stages of two-step semen cryopreservation procedures in dogs. Theriogenology 2016; 85:1568-1575. [PMID: 26879999 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Sperm cryopreservation generates sperm damage and reduced fertilization capacity as a consequence of reactive oxygen species formation. Identifying the critical points of the process will contribute to the development of strategies for oxidative stress prevention. Therefore, the aim of this experiment was to verify the occurrence of oxidative stress during the two-step cryopreservation process in dogs. Six healthy mature dogs were used and submitted to the two-step sperm cryopreservation protocol. The sperm analysis was done at three time points: after refrigeration, after glycerolization, and after thawing by sperm motility, measurement of spontaneous and induced oxidative stress, sperm mitochondrial activity, plasma membrane integrity, flow cytometric evaluation of plasma and acrosome membrane integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential, and sperm chromatin structure assay. There was an increase in free radical production after glycerolization (87.4 ± 15.5 ng/mL of spontaneous thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) after refrigeration and 1226.3 ± 256.0 ng/mL after glycerolization; P < 0.05), in association with loss of sperm mitochondrial activity. However, frozen-thawed samples had lower sperm motility, lower resistance to oxidative stress (448.7 ± 23.6 ng/mL of induced TBARS after glycerolization and 609.4 ± 35.9 ng/mL after thawing; P < 0.05) and increased lipid peroxidation (4815.2 ± 335.4 ng/mL of spontaneous TBARS after thawing; P < 0.05) as well as increased damage to plasma and acrosomal membranes, compared with refrigeration and glycerolization. In conclusion, the production of free radicals by sperm cells begins during glycerolization. However, sperm oxidative damage intensifies after thawing. Despite intracellular ice formation during cryopreservation, the increased production of reactive oxygen species can be the explanation of the decrease in sperm motility, reduced mitochondrial activity, and sperm plasma membrane and acrosomal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Lucio
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - F M Regazzi
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L C G Silva
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - D S R Angrimani
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M Nichi
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C I Vannucchi
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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21
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Goericke-Pesch S, Hauck S, Failing K, Wehrend A. Effect of seminal plasma vesicular structures in canine frozen-thawed semen. Theriogenology 2015; 84:1490-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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22
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Gálvez MJ, Ortiz I, Hidalgo M, Morrell JM, Dorado J. Should single layer centrifugation of dog semen be done before or after the semen is cooled? Vet Rec 2015; 176:359. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.102806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. J. Gálvez
- Animal Reproduction Group; Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Cordoba; Córdoba 14071 Spain
| | - I. Ortiz
- Animal Reproduction Group; Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Cordoba; Córdoba 14071 Spain
| | - M. Hidalgo
- Animal Reproduction Group; Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Cordoba; Córdoba 14071 Spain
| | - J. M. Morrell
- Division of Reproduction; Department of Clinical Sciences; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Box 7054 Uppsala SE-75007 Sweden
| | - J. Dorado
- Animal Reproduction Group; Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Cordoba; Córdoba 14071 Spain
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Rodenas C, Parrilla I, Roca J, Martinez EA, Lucas X. Effects of rapid cooling prior to freezing on the quality of canine cryopreserved spermatozoa. J Reprod Dev 2014; 60:355-61. [PMID: 25047548 PMCID: PMC4219992 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2014-024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of rapid cooling prior to freezing on frozen-thawed canine sperm quality.
In experiment 1, centrifuged ejaculates from 6 dogs were pooled, split into 4 aliquots and cryopreserved by the Uppsala
procedure using different cooling rates (control, cooling speed 18 C/90 min and average cooling rate 0.2 C/min; rapid,
cooling speed 18 C/8 min and average cooling rate 2.25 C/min) in combination with 2 glycerol addition protocols (fractionated
or unfractionated). In experiment 2, centrifuged ejaculates from 4 dogs were processed individually using the same cooling
rates described in experiment 1 in combination with an unfractionated glycerol addition protocol. Each of the experiments was
replicated 5 times. Sperm quality was evaluated after 30 and 150 min of post-thawing incubation at 38 C. Total motility (TM),
progressive motility (PM) and quality of movement parameters were assessed using a computerized system, and sperm viability
(spermatozoa with intact plasma and acrosome membranes) was assessed using flow cytometry (H-42/PI/FITC-PNA). Values for TM,
PM, viable spermatozoa and the quality of movement parameters after thawing were not significantly affected by the cooling
rate. The interaction between the cooling rate and the added glycerol protocol was not significant. There were significant
differences among the males (P<0.01) in the sperm quality parameters evaluated after thawing. The interaction between the
males and the cooling rate was not significant. In conclusion, canine spermatozoa can be cryopreserved using the Uppsala
method at an average cooling rate of 2.25 C/min prior to freezing together with addition of fractionated or unfractionated
glycerol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Rodenas
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Murcia, Espinardo 30100, Spain
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Palme N, Becher AC, Merkl M, Glösmann M, Aurich C, Schäfer-Somi S. Immunolocalization of the cholesterol transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1 in canine reproductive tract tissues and spermatozoa. Reprod Domest Anim 2014; 49:441-7. [PMID: 24612239 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian sperm membrane undergoes cholesterol efflux during maturation and fertilization. Although ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are known to transport cholesterol through cell membranes in other organs, their presence in canine testis, epididymis and sperm has not been proven to date. Hence, the aim of the present study was to localize the ABC transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1 in canine testicular and epididymidal tissue as well as in spermatozoa membranes. To this end, semen samples from 12 dogs as well as testicles and epididymides of four young and healthy dogs were prepared for immunohistochemistry, respectively. Capacitation and acrosome reaction (AR) were induced in aliquots of the semen samples before immunostaining to assess changes in the expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1. Evaluation by confocal microscopy revealed the presence of both ABCA1 and ABCG1 in canine testicles and of ABCA1 in the epididymides. In spermatozoa, only ABCA1 immunoreactivity was detected, mainly in the region of the acrosome and midpiece. After induction of capacitation, ABCA1 signal persisted in the acrosome but disappeared after AR, indicating a loss of ABCA1 with the loss of the acrosome. We conclude that ABCA1 and ABCG1 are expressed in canine testis, whereas only ABCA1 is expressed in epididymis and spermatozoa membrane, both transporters probably contributing to the regulation of membrane cholesterol content.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Palme
- Platform for Artificial Insemination and Embryo Transfer, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Goericke-Pesch S, Klaus D, Failing K, Wehrend A. Longevity of chilled canine semen comparing different extenders. Anim Reprod Sci 2012; 135:97-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2012.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Revised: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 08/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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26
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Silva S, Soares A, Batista A, Almeida F, Guerra M. Interferência da condição climática na integridade de espermatozoides ovinos submetidos à criopreservação. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-09352011000600005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Avaliou-se a integridade de espermatozoides ovinos colhidos e criopreservados em diferentes situações climáticas na região semiárida do estado da Paraíba. As colheitas de sêmen foram realizadas em duas épocas do ano, período seco e período chuvoso, utilizando cinco machos adultos da raça Santa Inês, com histórico favorável de fertilidade. Os ejaculados foram avaliados quanto à motilidade, vigor, concentração e morfologia espermática, após a formação do pool e diluição em Tris-gema, na concentração final de 240x10(6) espermatozoides/mL. Motilidade total e vigor espermático não diferiram entre as épocas seca e chuvosa. Valores de integridade do acrossoma e da membrana plasmática, e o potencial de membrana mitocondrial foram mais baixos (P<0,05) na época com menor índice pluviométrico. Conclui-se que a reprodução de ovinos criados na região do semiárido paraibano sofre ação da condição climática e sugere-se que a criopreservação de espermatozoides ovinos seja realizada no período de maior índice pluviométrico na região.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A.T. Soares
- UFRPE; Empresa Estadual de Pesquisa Agropecuária da Paraíba
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Amstislavsky S, Lindeberg H, Luvoni GC. Reproductive Technologies Relevant to the Genome Resource Bank in Carnivora. Reprod Domest Anim 2011; 47:164-75. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2011.01886.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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28
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Silva SV, Soares AT, Batista AM, Almeida FC, Nunes JF, Peixoto CA, Guerra MMP. In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Ram Sperm Frozen in Tris Egg-yolk and Supplemented with Superoxide Dismutase and Reduced Glutathione. Reprod Domest Anim 2011; 46:874-81. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2011.01758.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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