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Fattahi N, Gorgannezhad L, Masoule SF, Babanejad N, Ramazani A, Raoufi M, Sharifikolouei E, Foroumadi A, Khoobi M. PEI-based functional materials: Fabrication techniques, properties, and biomedical applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 325:103119. [PMID: 38447243 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Cationic polymers have recently attracted considerable interest as research breakthroughs for various industrial and biomedical applications. They are particularly interesting due to their highly positive charges, acceptable physicochemical properties, and ability to undergo further modifications, making them attractive candidates for biomedical applications. Polyethyleneimines (PEIs), as the most extensively utilized polymers, are one of the valuable and prominent classes of polycations. Owing to their flexible polymeric chains, broad molecular weight (MW) distribution, and repetitive structural units, their customization for functional composites is more feasible. The specific beneficial attributes of PEIs could be introduced by purposeful functionalization or modification, long service life, biocompatibility, and distinct geometry. Therefore, PEIs have significant potential in biotechnology, medicine, and bioscience. In this review, we present the advances in PEI-based nanomaterials, their transfection efficiency, and their toxicity over the past few years. Furthermore, the potential and suitability of PEIs for various applications are highlighted and discussed in detail. This review aims to inspire readers to investigate innovative approaches for the design and development of next-generation PEI-based nanomaterials possessing cutting-edge functionalities and appealing characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Fattahi
- Drug Design and Development Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45371-38791, Iran
| | - Lena Gorgannezhad
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Shabnam Farkhonde Masoule
- Drug Design and Development Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran
| | - Niloofar Babanejad
- College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Ali Ramazani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45371-38791, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Raoufi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran
| | - Elham Sharifikolouei
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Turin (TO), Italy
| | - Alireza Foroumadi
- Drug Design and Development Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Khoobi
- Drug Design and Development Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran; Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Linkner TR, Ambrus V, Kunkli B, Szojka ZI, Kalló G, Csősz É, Kumar A, Emri M, Tőzsér J, Mahdi M. Comparative Analysis of Differential Cellular Transcriptome and Proteome Regulation by HIV-1 and HIV-2 Pseudovirions in the Early Phase of Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:380. [PMID: 38203551 PMCID: PMC10779251 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In spite of the similar structural and genomic organization of human immunodeficiency viruses type 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2), striking differences exist between them in terms of replication dynamics and clinical manifestation of infection. Although the pathomechanism of HIV-1 infection is well characterized, relatively few data are available regarding HIV-2 viral replication and its interaction with host-cell proteins during the early phase of infection. We utilized proteo-transcriptomic analyses to determine differential genome expression and proteomic changes induced by transduction with HIV-1/2 pseudovirions during 8, 12 and 26 h time-points in HEK-293T cells. We show that alteration in the cellular milieu was indeed different between the two pseudovirions. The significantly higher number of genes altered by HIV-2 in the first two time-points suggests a more diverse yet subtle effect on the host cell, preparing the infected cell for integration and latency. On the other hand, GO analysis showed that, while HIV-1 induced cellular oxidative stress and had a greater effect on cellular metabolism, HIV-2 mostly affected genes involved in cell adhesion, extracellular matrix organization or cellular differentiation. Proteomics analysis revealed that HIV-2 significantly downregulated the expression of proteins involved in mRNA processing and translation. Meanwhile, HIV-1 influenced the cellular level of translation initiation factors and chaperones. Our study provides insight into the understudied replication cycle of HIV-2 and enriches our knowledge about the use of HIV-based lentiviral vectors in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Richárd Linkner
- Laboratory of Retroviral Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (T.R.L.); (V.A.); (B.K.); (Z.I.S.)
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Viktor Ambrus
- Laboratory of Retroviral Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (T.R.L.); (V.A.); (B.K.); (Z.I.S.)
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Balázs Kunkli
- Laboratory of Retroviral Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (T.R.L.); (V.A.); (B.K.); (Z.I.S.)
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Zsófia Ilona Szojka
- Laboratory of Retroviral Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (T.R.L.); (V.A.); (B.K.); (Z.I.S.)
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Gergő Kalló
- Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.K.); (É.C.)
| | - Éva Csősz
- Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.K.); (É.C.)
| | - Ajneesh Kumar
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
- Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.K.); (É.C.)
| | - Miklós Emri
- Department of Medical Imaging, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - József Tőzsér
- Laboratory of Retroviral Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (T.R.L.); (V.A.); (B.K.); (Z.I.S.)
- Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.K.); (É.C.)
| | - Mohamed Mahdi
- Laboratory of Retroviral Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (T.R.L.); (V.A.); (B.K.); (Z.I.S.)
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Li Y, Gan L, Lu M, Zhang X, Tong X, Qi D, Zhao Y, Ye X. HBx downregulated decorin and decorin-derived peptides inhibit the proliferation and tumorigenicity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22871. [PMID: 36929160 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200999rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the important risk factors in inducing the occurrence and development of liver cancer, while the mechanism has not been fully clarified. In this study, we found decorin (DCN) was significantly reduced in HBV transgenic cell line HepG2-4D14 compared to HepG2. The data from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients indicated that the level of DCN mRNA was significantly lower in tumor tissues than healthy control and positively correlated with the survival of HCC patients. We revealed that HBV HBx can inhibit the transcription of DCN by blocking p53 activity. Functional analysis demonstrated that overexpression of DCN substantially inhibits the proliferation of HCC cells, while knockdown of DCN enhances the proliferation of HCC cells. It is known that DCN could competitively bind to c-Met to inhibit HGF/c-Met signaling pathway to inhibit the development of HCC. Therefore, we screened the novel antitumor peptides derived from DCN based on the sequence of DCN and the complex structure of HGF/c-Met with virtual screening and identified a set of DCN-derived peptides (DCN-Ps) which may competitively bind to c-Met. We found that 5 of peptides can reduce the proliferation and migration of HepG2 cells significantly. Among them, DCN-P#3 can inhibit the growth of HCC cells both in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, we discovered that HBV HBx downregulates the expression of DCN, which in turn promotes the proliferation of hepatocytes and the development of HCC. We identified DCN-derived antitumor peptides which provides the candidates for developing novel drugs against HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lipeng Gan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomei Tong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Strategic Support Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Gáspár R, Gömöri K, Kiss B, Szántai Á, Pálóczi J, Varga ZV, Pipis J, Váradi B, Ágg B, Csont T, Ferdinandy P, Barteková M, Görbe A. Decorin Protects Cardiac Myocytes against Simulated Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25153426. [PMID: 32731559 PMCID: PMC7436189 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Search for new cardioprotective therapies is of great importance since no cardioprotective drugs are available on the market. In line with this need, several natural biomolecules have been extensively tested for their potential cardioprotective effects. Previously, we have shown that biglycan, a member of a diverse group of small leucine-rich proteoglycans, enhanced the expression of cardioprotective genes and decreased ischemia/reperfusion-induced cardiomyocyte death via a TLR-4 dependent mechanism. Therefore, in the present study we aimed to test whether decorin, a small leucine-rich proteoglycan closely related to biglycan, could exert cardiocytoprotection and to reveal possible downstream signaling pathways. Methods: Primary cardiomyocytes isolated from neonatal and adult rat hearts were treated with 0 (Vehicle), 1, 3, 10, 30 and 100 nM decorin as 20 h pretreatment and maintained throughout simulated ischemia and reperfusion (SI/R). In separate experiments, to test the mechanism of decorin-induced cardio protection, 3 nM decorin was applied in combination with inhibitors of known survival pathways, that is, the NOS inhibitor L-NAME, the PKG inhibitor KT-5823 and the TLR-4 inhibitor TAK-242, respectively. mRNA expression changes were measured after SI/R injury. Results: Cell viability of both neonatal and adult cardiomyocytes was significantly decreased due to SI/R injury. Decorin at 1, 3 and 10 nM concentrations significantly increased the survival of both neonatal and adult myocytes after SI/R. At 3nM (the most pronounced protective concentration), it had no effect on apoptotic rate of neonatal cardiac myocytes. No one of the inhibitors of survival pathways (L-NAME, KT-5823, TAK-242) influenced the cardiocytoprotective effect of decorin. MYND-type containing 19 (Zmynd19) and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E nuclear import factor 1 (Eif4enif1) were significantly upregulated due to the decorin treatment. In conclusion, this is the first demonstration that decorin exerts a direct cardiocytoprotective effect possibly independent of NO-cGMP-PKG and TLR-4 dependent survival signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renáta Gáspár
- Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling (MEDICS) Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Dom ter 9, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (R.G.); (T.C.)
| | - Kamilla Gömöri
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Dom ter 12, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (K.G.); (Á.S.); (J.P.)
| | - Bernadett Kiss
- Cardiometabolic Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Nagyvarad ter 4, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; (B.K.); (Z.V.V.); (B.V.); (B.Á.); (P.F.)
- MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Szántai
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Dom ter 12, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (K.G.); (Á.S.); (J.P.)
| | - János Pálóczi
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Dom ter 12, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (K.G.); (Á.S.); (J.P.)
| | - Zoltán V. Varga
- Cardiometabolic Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Nagyvarad ter 4, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; (B.K.); (Z.V.V.); (B.V.); (B.Á.); (P.F.)
| | - Judit Pipis
- Pharmahungary Group, Hajnoczy utca 6, H-6722 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Barnabás Váradi
- Cardiometabolic Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Nagyvarad ter 4, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; (B.K.); (Z.V.V.); (B.V.); (B.Á.); (P.F.)
| | - Bence Ágg
- Cardiometabolic Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Nagyvarad ter 4, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; (B.K.); (Z.V.V.); (B.V.); (B.Á.); (P.F.)
- MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Pharmahungary Group, Hajnoczy utca 6, H-6722 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Tamás Csont
- Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling (MEDICS) Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Dom ter 9, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (R.G.); (T.C.)
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Cardiometabolic Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Nagyvarad ter 4, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; (B.K.); (Z.V.V.); (B.V.); (B.Á.); (P.F.)
- MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Pharmahungary Group, Hajnoczy utca 6, H-6722 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Monika Barteková
- Institute for Heart Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovak
- Institute of Physiology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 2, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovak
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Anikó Görbe
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Dom ter 12, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (K.G.); (Á.S.); (J.P.)
- Cardiometabolic Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Nagyvarad ter 4, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; (B.K.); (Z.V.V.); (B.V.); (B.Á.); (P.F.)
- MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Pharmahungary Group, Hajnoczy utca 6, H-6722 Szeged, Hungary;
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (A.G.)
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Wang M, Li Z, Zhang M, Wang H, Zhang Y, Feng Y, Liu Y, Chen J. Decorin knockdown affects the gene expression profile of adhesion, growth and extracellular matrix metabolism in C-28/I2 chondrocytes. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232321. [PMID: 32353084 PMCID: PMC7192450 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Decorin is a member of small leucine-rich proteoglycan family, which is involved in multiple biological functions mainly as a structural and signaling molecule, and disturbances in its own metabolism plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthropathy. In this study, we aim to further explore the biological function of decorin and their role in human chondrocyte cell line, C28/I2. Lentivirus-mediated shRNA was applied to down-regulate decorin expression in C28/I2 chondrocytes. Effect of decorin knockdown on gene expression profiles was determined by RNA sequencing followed by bioinformatics analysis. MTT, adhesion assays and flow cytometry were used to investigate the effect of decorin knockdown on cell proliferation, adhesion, and apoptosis. sGAG content in the culture medium was determined by DMMB assay. Stably transfected C28/I2 cells were seeded onto the cancellous bone matrix gelatin (BMG) to construct tissue-engineered cartilage. The histological patterns were evaluated by H&E and Toluidine blue staining. In this study, 1780 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) including 864 up-regulated and 916 down-regulated genes were identified using RNA-Seq. The reliability of the gene expression was further verified by qRT-PCR. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed diverse cellular processes were affected by decorin silencing such as: cell adhesion, growth, and metabolism of extracellular matrix. In addition, we confirmed that down-regulation of decorin significantly suppressed cell proliferation and adhesion and induced apoptosis. The sGAG content in the media was significantly increased after decorin silencing. Engineered articular tissues in the decorin knockdown group exhibited cartilage destruction and proteoglycan loss as evidenced by H&E and Toluidine blue stains. Overall, this combined data helps to provide a comprehensive understanding of the roles of decorin following its knockdown in C28/I2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Wang
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Zhengzheng Li
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yiping Feng
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yinan Liu
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Jinghong Chen
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
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Mao X, Xu Z, Xu X, Zeng M, Zhao Z, Zhang Z, Ding X, Wu H. TGF-β1 inhibits the autophagy of podocytes by activating mTORC1 in IgA nephropathy. Exp Cell Res 2019; 385:111670. [PMID: 31600491 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is a mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis which often shows proteinuria, an indicator for podocyte damage. TGF-β1 has been known to contribute to podocyte injury by inducing apoptosis, cytoskeleton relocation or cytoskeleton loss. And Decorin, a small proteoglycan known to neutralize TGF-β1, was reported to induce autophagy in vascular endothelial cells. However, it remains unknown how TGF-β1 and Decorin can affect podocyte autophagy in mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis. In this study, we used in vivo and in vitro models to find out the effect of TGF-β1 and Decorin on podocyte autophagy. P-rpS6 and p-ULK1 were detected by Western blot to show the activation of mTORC1 pathway following TGF-β1 treatment. Also, we collected serum from IgAN patients and anti-Thy1.1 nephritis, and quantified TGF-β1 and Decorin using ELISA. Together, we showed that TGF-β1 could activate mTORC1 and inhibit autophagy, while Decorin has precisely the opposite effect. As the mesangial cells (MCs) proliferate, TGF-β1 increases and Decorin decreases in the serum of IgAN and anti-Thy1.1 nephritis. This finding deepened our understanding regarding how MC proliferation could finally result in podocyte dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Mao
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhiheng Xu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xialian Xu
- Nephrology Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Kidneys and Dialysis, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Mingyao Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhonghua Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Kidneys and Dialysis, Shanghai, PR China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiaoqiang Ding
- Nephrology Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Kidneys and Dialysis, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Huijuan Wu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Kidneys and Dialysis, Shanghai, PR China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
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7
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Peng JY, Gao KX, Xin HY, Han P, Zhu GQ, Cao BY. Molecular cloning, expression analysis, and function of decorin in goat ovarian granulosa cells. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2016; 57:108-16. [PMID: 27565237 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Decorin (DCN), a component of the extracellular matrix (ECM), participates in ECM assembly and influences cell proliferation and apoptosis in many mammalian tissues and cells. However, expression and function of DCN in the ovary remain unclear. This study cloned the full-length cDNA of goat DCN obtained from the ovary of an adult goat. Sequence analysis revealed that the putative DCN protein shared a highly conserved amino acid sequence with known mammalian homologs. The tissue distribution of DCN mRNA expression was evaluated by real-time PCR, and the results showed that DCN was widely expressed in the tissues of adult goat. Immunohistochemistry results suggested that DCN protein existed in the granulosa cells and oocytes from all types of follicles and theca cells of antral follicles. Moreover, hCG-induced DCN mRNA expression was significantly reduced by the inhibitors of protein kinase A, PI3K, or p38 kinase (P < 0.05), which are key mediators involved in hCG-induced DCN expression. Overexpression of DCN significantly increased apoptosis and blocked cell cycle progression in cultured granulosa cells (P < 0.05). Western blot analysis also showed that overexpression of DCN upregulated the expression levels of p21 protein (P < 0.05), whereas no effects were observed on the expression of Bax and Bcl-2 and on Bcl-2/Bax ratio (P > 0.05). These findings suggested that DCN regulates the apoptosis and cell cycle of granulosa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Peng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China, 712100
| | - K X Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China, 712100
| | - H Y Xin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China, 712100
| | - P Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China, 712100
| | - G Q Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China, 712100; Department of Animal Engineering, Xuzhou Bioengineering Technical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China, 221006
| | - B Y Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China, 712100.
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Mao X, Luo W, Sun J, Yang N, Zhang LW, Zhao Z, Zhang Z, Wu H. Usp2-69 overexpression slows down the progression of rat anti-Thy1.1 nephritis. Exp Mol Pathol 2016; 101:249-258. [PMID: 27640956 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis is characterized by proliferation of mesangial cells (MCs) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-dependent stimulation of abnormal extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation. We previously showed that Decorin--a leucine-rich proteoglycan inhibiting the progression of glomerulonephritis and glomerular sclerosis--can be degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and deubiquitinated and stabilized by ubiquitin-specific processing protease 2-69(Usp2-69). Usp2-69 is highly expressed in the kidney and has been implicated in the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis. However, its role in mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis remains unclear. Here, we explored the effect of Usp2-69 on MC proliferation and ECM deposition by transfecting Usp2-69 plasmid into rat anti-Thy1.1 nephritis model and into cultured MCs, as well as detected Usp2-69 and Decorin in rat anti-Thy1.1 nephritis model by western blot. Overexpressing Usp2-69 at the early stage, but not advanced stage, of anti-Thy1.1 nephritis alleviated cell proliferation and ECM deposition, which was shown by decreased Ki-67, Collagen IV and Fibronectin detected by immunohistochemistry. Overexpression also increased Decorin and decreased TGF-β1 and Collagen IV both in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, our findings suggest that Usp2-69 overexpression alleviates the progression of rat anti-Thy1.1 nephritis and, therefore, that exogenous plasmid injection via the renal artery enhanced by electrotransfer technology could be a promising avenue for glomerular disease research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Mao
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Weili Luo
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jianyong Sun
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Nianji Yang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Linda Wei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhonghua Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Institute for Kidneys and Dialysis, Shanghai, PR China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Huijuan Wu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Institute for Kidneys and Dialysis, Shanghai, PR China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
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9
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Bi X, Xia X, Fan D, Mu T, Zhang Q, Iozzo RV, Yang W. Oncogenic activin C interacts with decorin in colorectal cancer in vivo and in vitro. Mol Carcinog 2015; 55:1786-1795. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.22427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Bi
- School of Life Science; Liaoning University; Shenyang 110036 China
| | - Xichun Xia
- School of Life Science; Liaoning University; Shenyang 110036 China
| | - Dongdong Fan
- School of Life Science; Liaoning University; Shenyang 110036 China
| | - Teng Mu
- School of Life Science; Liaoning University; Shenyang 110036 China
| | - Qiuhua Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology; Liaoning Traditional Chinese Medicine University; Liaoning 110036 China
| | - Renato V. Iozzo
- Department of Pathology; Anatomy and Cell Biology; Thomas Jefferson University; Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Wancai Yang
- Department of Pathology and Institute of Precision Medicine; Jining Medical University; Jining Shandong 272067 China
- Department of Pathology; University of Illinois at Chicago; Chicago Illinois 60612
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10
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Guzmán JM, Luckenbach JA, Yamamoto Y, Swanson P. Expression profiles of Fsh-regulated ovarian genes during oogenesis in coho salmon. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114176. [PMID: 25485989 PMCID: PMC4259363 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The function of follicle-stimulating hormone (Fsh) during oogenesis in fishes is poorly understood. Using coho salmon as a fish model, we recently identified a suite of genes regulated by Fsh in vitro and involved in ovarian processes mostly unexplored in fishes, like cell proliferation, differentiation, survival or extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. To better understand the role of these Fsh-regulated genes during oocyte growth in fishes, we characterized their mRNA levels at discrete stages of the ovarian development in coho salmon. While most of the transcripts were expressed at low levels during primary growth (perinucleolus stage), high expression of genes associated with cell proliferation (pim1, pcna, and mcm4) and survival (ddit4l) was found in follicles at this stage. The transition to secondary oocyte growth (cortical alveolus and lipid droplet stage ovarian follicles) was characterized by a marked increase in the expression of genes related to cell survival (clu1, clu2 and ivns1abpa). Expression of genes associated with cell differentiation and growth (wt2l and adh8l), growth factor signaling (inha), steroidogenesis (cyp19a1a) and the ECM (col1a1, col1a2 and dcn) peaked in vitellogenic follicles, showing a strong and positive correlation with transcripts for fshr. Other genes regulated by Fsh and associated with ECM function (ctgf, wapl and fn1) and growth factor signaling (bmp16 and smad5l) peaked in maturing follicles, along with increases in steroidogenesis-related gene transcripts. In conclusion, ovarian genes regulated by Fsh showed marked differences in their expression patterns during oogenesis in coho salmon. Our results suggest that Fsh regulates different ovarian processes at specific stages of development, likely through interaction with other intra- or extra-ovarian factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M. Guzmán
- Environmental and Fisheries Sciences Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, 98112, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - J. Adam Luckenbach
- Environmental and Fisheries Sciences Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, 98112, United States of America
- Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, 99164, United States of America
| | - Yoji Yamamoto
- Environmental and Fisheries Sciences Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, 98112, United States of America
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195, United States of America
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
| | - Penny Swanson
- Environmental and Fisheries Sciences Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, 98112, United States of America
- Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, 99164, United States of America
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11
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Abdel MP, Morrey ME, Barlow JD, Grill DE, Kolbert CP, An KN, Steinmann SP, Morrey BF, Sanchez-Sotelo J. Intra-articular decorin influences the fibrosis genetic expression profile in a rabbit model of joint contracture. Bone Joint Res 2014; 3:82-8. [PMID: 24671942 PMCID: PMC3967233 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.33.2000276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to determine whether intra-articular administration of the potentially anti-fibrotic agent decorin influences the expression of genes involved in the fibrotic cascade, and ultimately leads to less contracture, in an animal model. METHODS A total of 18 rabbits underwent an operation on their right knees to form contractures. Six limbs in group 1 received four intra-articular injections of decorin; six limbs in group 2 received four intra-articular injections of bovine serum albumin (BSA) over eight days; six limbs in group 3 received no injections. The contracted limbs of rabbits in group 1 were biomechanically and genetically compared with the contracted limbs of rabbits in groups 2 and 3, with the use of a calibrated joint measuring device and custom microarray, respectively. RESULTS There was no statistical difference in the flexion contracture angles between those limbs that received intra-articular decorin versus those that received intra-articular BSA (66° vs 69°; p = 0.41). Likewise, there was no statistical difference between those limbs that received intra-articular decorin versus those who had no injection (66° vs 72°; p = 0.27). When compared with BSA, decorin led to a statistically significant increase in the mRNA expression of 12 genes (p < 0.01). In addition, there was a statistical change in the mRNA expression of three genes, when compared with those without injection. CONCLUSIONS In this model, when administered intra-articularly at eight weeks, 2 mg of decorin had no significant effect on joint contractures. However, our genetic analysis revealed a significant alteration in several fibrotic genes. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2014;3:82-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Abdel
- Mayo Clinic, 200First Street, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, USA
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12
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Arno AI, Amini-Nik S, Blit PH, Al-Shehab M, Belo C, Herer E, Jeschke MG. Effect of human Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cell paracrine signaling on keloid fibroblasts. Stem Cells Transl Med 2014; 3:299-307. [PMID: 24436441 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2013-0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Keloid scars are abnormal benign fibroproliferative tumors with high recurrence rates and no current efficacious treatment. Accumulating evidence suggests that human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) have antifibrotic properties. Paracrine signaling is considered one of the main underlying mechanisms behind the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells. However, the paracrine signaling effects of WJ-MSCs on keloids have not yet been reported. The aim of this study is to investigate paracrine signaling effects of human WJ-MSCs on keloid fibroblasts in vitro. Human umbilical cords and keloid skin samples were obtained, and WJ-MSCs and keloid fibroblasts were isolated and cultured. One-way and two-way paracrine culture systems between both cell types were investigated. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-I and transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2) transcripts were upregulated in keloid fibroblasts cultured with WJ-MSC-conditioned medium (WJ-MSC-CM) and cocultured with inserts, while showing lower TGF-β3 gene expression. Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, TGF-β1, and TGF-β2 protein expression was also enhanced. The WJ-MSC-CM-treated keloid fibroblasts showed higher proliferation rates than their control keloid fibroblasts with no significant change in apoptosis rate or migration ability. In our culture conditions, the indirect application of WJ-MSCs on keloid fibroblasts may enhance their profibrotic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna I Arno
- Plastic Surgery Department and Burn Unit, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Ross Tilley Burn Centre and Sunnybrook Research Institute and Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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13
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Benedetto MSD, Siqueira FM, Mascaro MB, Araujo VC, Bonecker MJS. Immunohistochemical expression of biglycan and decorin in the pulp tissue of human primary teeth during resorption. Braz Oral Res 2013; 27:438-44. [DOI: 10.1590/s1806-83242013000500008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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14
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Luckenbach JA, Yamamoto Y, Guzmán JM, Swanson P. Identification of ovarian genes regulated by follicle-stimulating hormone (Fsh) in vitro during early secondary oocyte growth in coho salmon. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2013. [PMID: 23200633 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2012.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Follicle-stimulating hormone (Fsh) function in fishes is poorly understood. This study aimed to reveal Fsh-regulated genes in coho salmon previtellogenic ovarian follicles in vitro. Four suppression subtractive hybridization libraries were generated with RNA isolated from Fsh-treated and control follicles or follicle cell-enriched tissue fractions. Fsh induced steroidogenesis and dynamically upregulated several genes predominantly expressed in follicle cells, including WAP domain-containing protease, connexin 34.3, clusterin (clu1, clu2), fibronectin, wilms tumor 2-like, and influenza virus NS1A-binding protein a. Genes downregulated by Fsh included connective tissue growth factor, alcohol dehydrogenase 8-like, and serine/threonine-protein kinase pim-1. This study demonstrates for the first time in fishes that Fsh influences the expression of a unique suite of ovarian genes involved in processes like cell communication, survival and differentiation, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Collectively, these findings suggest that Fsh and/or steroids induce differentiation of granulosa cells and remodeling of the follicle in preparation for onset of vitellogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Adam Luckenbach
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA 98112, USA.
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15
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Sun JY, Sun Y, Wu HJ, Zhang HX, Zhao ZH, Chen Q, Zhang ZG. Transgene therapy for rat anti-Thy1.1 glomerulonephritis via mesangial cell vector with a polyethylenimine/decorin nanocomplex. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2012; 7:451. [PMID: 22876812 PMCID: PMC3629717 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-7-451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Polyethylenimine (PEI), a cationic polymer, is one of the most efficient non-viral vectors for transgene therapy. Decorin (DCN), a leucine-rich proteoglycan secreted by glomerular mesangial cells (MC), is a promising anti-fibrotic agent for the treatment of glomerulonephritis. In this study, we used PEI-DCN nanocomplexes with different N/P ratios to transfect MC in vitro and deliver the MC vector with PEI-DCN expressing into rat anti-Thy1.1 nephritis kidney tissue via injection into the left renal artery in vivo. The PEI-plasmid DNA complex at N/P 20 had the highest level of transfection efficiency and the lowest level of cytotoxicity in cultured MC. Following injection, the ex vivo gene was transferred successfully into the glomeruli of the rat anti-Thy1.1 nephritis model by the MC vector with the PEI-DCN complex. The exogenous MC with DCN expression was located mainly in the mesangium and the glomerular capillary. Over-expression of DCN in diseased glomeruli could result in the inhibition of collagen IV deposition and MC proliferation. The pathological changes of rat nephritis were alleviated following injection of the vector. These findings demonstrate that the DCN gene delivered by the PEI-DNA nanocomplex with the MC vector is a promising therapeutic method for the treatment of glomerulonephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Yong Sun
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Juan Wu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Xia Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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16
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Abstract
Proteoglycans (PGs) impact many aspects of kidney health and disease. Models that permit genetic dissection of PG core protein and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) function have been instrumental to understanding their roles in the kidney. Matrix-associated PGs do not serve critical structural roles in the organ, nor do they contribute significantly to the glomerular barrier under normal conditions, but their abnormal expression influences fibrosis, inflammation, and progression of kidney disease. Most core proteins are dispensable for nephrogenesis (glypican-3 being an exception) and for maintenance of function in adult life, but their loss alters susceptibility to experimental kidney injury. In contrast, kidney development is exquisitely sensitive to GAG expression and fine structure as evidenced by the severe phenotypes of mutants for genes involved in GAG biosynthesis. This article reviews PG expression in normal kidney and the abnormalities caused by their disruption in mice and man.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott J Harvey
- INSERM Avenir U983, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
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17
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Deep Dermal Fibroblasts Refractory to Migration and Decorin-Induced Apoptosis Contribute to Hypertrophic Scarring. J Burn Care Res 2012; 33:668-77. [DOI: 10.1097/bcr.0b013e31824088e3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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18
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Abstract
Research over the past 2 decades provides ample evidence that small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs; such as decorin, biglycan, fibromodulin, and lumican) of the extracellular matrix are deeply involved in the regulation of inflammatory and fibrotic renal disorders. Initial efforts in SLRP research focused on the interaction between decorin and TGF-β because it had been unequivocally demonstrated that decorin treatment exerts beneficial effects in fibrotic disorders involving TGF-β overproduction in the kidney. This was followed by a paradigm shift in our understanding of SLRP biology, with new evidence showing that in addition to their role as structural matrix components, soluble SLRPs also act as signaling molecules regulating various complex biologic processes in a molecule- and cell-specific manner. With the identification of SLRP-derived endogenous ligands of Toll-like receptors, the general question regarding the mechanisms of SLRP-derived signaling in pathogen-dependent and independent renal inflammation arose. This led to the fascinating concept of SLRPs as autonomous triggers of sterile renal inflammation in response to renal stress or injury. This review focuses on the key biologic roles of SLRPs in the normal and diseased kidney with special emphasis on newly described signaling events triggered by these proteoglycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Schaefer
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt, Institut fur Allgemeine Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Klinikum der JW Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Haus 74, Z. 3.108a, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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19
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Klein J, Gonzalez J, Miravete M, Caubet C, Chaaya R, Decramer S, Bandin F, Bascands JL, Buffin-Meyer B, Schanstra JP. Congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction: human disease and animal models. Int J Exp Pathol 2011; 92:168-92. [PMID: 20681980 PMCID: PMC3101490 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2613.2010.00727.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2010] [Accepted: 06/03/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction is the most frequently observed cause of obstructive nephropathy in children. Neonatal and foetal animal models have been developed that mimic closely what is observed in human disease. The purpose of this review is to discuss how obstructive nephropathy alters kidney histology and function and describe the molecular mechanisms involved in the progression of the lesions, including inflammation, proliferation/apoptosis, renin-angiotensin system activation and fibrosis, based on both human and animal data. Also we propose that during obstructive nephropathy, hydrodynamic modifications are early inducers of the tubular lesions, which are potentially at the origin of the pathology. Finally, an important observation in animal models is that relief of obstruction during kidney development has important effects on renal function later in adult life. A major short-coming is the absence of data on the impact of UPJ obstruction on long-term adult renal function to elucidate whether these animal data are also valid in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Klein
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)Toulouse, France
- Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de RangueilToulouse, France
| | - Julien Gonzalez
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)Toulouse, France
- Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de RangueilToulouse, France
| | - Mathieu Miravete
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)Toulouse, France
- Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de RangueilToulouse, France
| | - Cécile Caubet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)Toulouse, France
- Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de RangueilToulouse, France
| | - Rana Chaaya
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)Toulouse, France
- Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de RangueilToulouse, France
| | - Stéphane Decramer
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)Toulouse, France
- Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de RangueilToulouse, France
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Hôpital des Enfants, Centre de Référence du Sud Ouest des Maladies Rénales RaresToulouse, France
| | - Flavio Bandin
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Hôpital des Enfants, Centre de Référence du Sud Ouest des Maladies Rénales RaresToulouse, France
| | - Jean-Loup Bascands
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)Toulouse, France
- Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de RangueilToulouse, France
| | - Bénédicte Buffin-Meyer
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)Toulouse, France
- Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de RangueilToulouse, France
| | - Joost P Schanstra
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)Toulouse, France
- Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de RangueilToulouse, France
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20
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Iozzo RV, Sanderson RD. Proteoglycans in cancer biology, tumour microenvironment and angiogenesis. J Cell Mol Med 2011; 15:1013-31. [PMID: 21155971 PMCID: PMC3633488 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2010.01236.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 408] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2010] [Accepted: 12/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteoglycans, key molecular effectors of cell surface and pericellular microenvironments, perform multiple functions in cancer and angiogenesis by virtue of their polyhedric nature and their ability to interact with both ligands and receptors that regulate neoplastic growth and neovascularization. Some proteoglycans such as perlecan, have pro- and anti-angiogenic activities, whereas other proteoglycans, such as syndecans and glypicans, can also directly affect cancer growth by modulating key signalling pathways. The bioactivity of these proteoglycans is further modulated by several classes of enzymes within the tumour microenvironment: (i) sheddases that cleave transmembrane or cell-associated syndecans and glypicans, (ii) various proteinases that cleave the protein core of pericellular proteoglycans and (iii) heparanases and endosulfatases which modify the structure and bioactivity of various heparan sulphate proteoglycans and their bound growth factors. In contrast, some of the small leucine-rich proteoglycans, such as decorin and lumican, act as tumour repressors by physically antagonizing receptor tyrosine kinases including the epidermal growth factor and the Met receptors or integrin receptors thereby evoking anti-survival and pro-apoptotic pathways. In this review we will critically assess the expanding repertoire of molecular interactions attributed to various proteoglycans and will discuss novel proteoglycan functions modulating cancer progression, invasion and metastasis and how these factors regulate the tumour microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato V Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ralph D Sanderson
- Department of Pathology, and the Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirmingham, AL, USA
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21
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Wu H, Jiang W, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Zhao Z, Guo M, Ma D, Zhang Z. Regulation of intracellular decorin via proteasome degradation in rat mesangial cells. J Cell Biochem 2011; 111:1010-9. [PMID: 20665669 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.22789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Decorin (DCN) is a member of small leucine-rich proteoglycan family that neutralizes the bioactivity of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1). It has been proven to be a promising anti-fibrotic agent to treat glomerulonephritis. But the underlining mechanism for regulating and degrading intracellular DCN is still not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the roles of ubiquitination in the regulation of cytoplasmic DCN metabolism in rat mesangial cells (MC) by immunoprecipitation and Western blot. The results showed that a proportion of cytoplasmic DCN was ubiquitinated in normal MC and was enhanced in N-glycosylation inhibitor (tunicamycin)-treated MC. After being treated with the proteasome inhibitor MG132, ubiquitinated DCN accumulated and displayed a prolonged half-life, accompanied by decreased TGF-β1 expression and reduced collagen IV mRNA level in MC. This study demonstrated that the stability and function of cytoplasmic DCN can be regulated by ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) in MC, which implies that regulating the ubiquitination and degradation of DCN might be a novel approach for modulating MC bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Wu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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22
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Iozzo RV, Schaefer L. Proteoglycans in health and disease: novel regulatory signaling mechanisms evoked by the small leucine-rich proteoglycans. FEBS J 2010; 277:3864-75. [PMID: 20840584 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2010.07797.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs) are involved in many aspects of mammalian biology, both in health and disease. They are now being recognized as key signaling molecules with an expanding repertoire of molecular interactions affecting not only growth factors, but also various receptors involved in controlling cell growth, morphogenesis and immunity. The complexity of SLRP signaling and the multitude of affected signaling pathways can be reconciled with a hierarchical affinity-based interaction of various SLRPs in a cell- and tissue-specific context. Here, we review this interacting network, describe new relationships of the SLRPs with tyrosine kinase and Toll-like receptors and critically assess their roles in cancer and innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato V Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
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