1
|
Zhao H, Wei Y, Zhang J, Zhang K, Tian L, Liu Y, Zhang S, Zhou Y, Wang Z, Shi S, Fu Z, Fu J, Zhao J, Li X, Zhang L, Zhao L, Liu K. HPV16 infection promotes the malignant transformation of the esophagus and progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29132. [PMID: 37792307 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) may be correlated with HPV infection, and the mechanism underlying the ESCC formation induced by HPV16 infection remains elusive. Here, we overexpressed HPV16 E6 and E7 and coordinated the overexpression of these two genes in EPC2 and ESCC cells. We found that E7 and coordinated expression of E6 and E7 promoted the proliferation of EPC2 cells, and upregulation of shh was responsible for cell proliferation since the use of vismodegib led to the failure of organoid formation. Meanwhile, overexpression of E6 and E7 in ESCC cells promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. Importantly, E6 and E7 coordinately increased the capability of tumor growth in nude mice, while vismodegib slowed the growth of tumors in NCG mice. Moreover, a series of genes and proteins changed in cell lines after overexpression of the E6 and E7 genes, the potential biological processes and pathways were systematically analyzed using a bioinformatics assay. Together, these findings suggest that the activation of the hedgehog pathway induced by HPV16 infection may initially transform basal cells in the esophagus and promote following malignant processes in ESCC cells. The application of hedgehog inhibitors may represent a therapeutic avenue for ESCC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhou Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxuan Wei
- Central Laboratory, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaying Zhang
- School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Fuzhou, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Tian
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongpan Liu
- School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Shihui Zhang
- Centre for Translational Stem Cell Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijian Zhou
- Central Laboratory, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Central Laboratory, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Songlin Shi
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhichao Fu
- Department of Radiotherapy, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team (Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University), Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianqian Fu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Li
- Central Laboratory, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijia Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Liran Zhao
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Kuancan Liu
- Central Laboratory, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Science, Nanchang Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Huang JY, Lin C, Tsai SCS, Lin FCF. Human Papillomavirus Is Associated With Adenocarcinoma of Lung: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:932196. [PMID: 35847783 PMCID: PMC9279738 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.932196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent trends in the incidence of lung cancer have been reported despite the decreasing rate of smoking. Lung cancer is ranked among the top causes of cancer-related deaths. The ratio of adenocarcinoma to squamous cell carcinoma, as well as the ratio of women to men, is still increasing. Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been discovered in lung cancer tissues and blood specimens, particularly in Eastern countries. However, the association between HPV infection and lung adenocarcinoma remains unclear. Methods This population-based cohort study was conducted using data from Taiwan's single-payer national health insurance and cancer registry databases. Data on HPV infection, cancer, sex, age, comorbidities, urbanization, and occupation were collected. The cumulative incidence rates were generated using Kaplan–Meier curves and log-rank tests. COX regression analysis was used to estimate the hazard ratios of factors associated with cancer occurrence. We used data from 2007 and 2015. The cases were matched with sex and age in a 1:2 manner with 939,874 HPV+ and 1,879,748 HPV– individuals, respectively. Results The adjusted hazard ratios [95% confidence interval (CI)] for HPV infection in all lung cancers were 1.539 (1.436–1.649), male lung cancer 1.434 (1.312–1.566), female lung cancer 1.742 (1.557–1.948), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) 1.092 (0.903–1.320), male SCC 1.092 (0.903–1.320), female SCC 0.949 (0.773–1.164), adenocarcinoma 1.714 (1.572–1.870), male adenocarcinoma 1.646 (1.458–1.858), and female adenocarcinoma 1.646 (1.458–1.858). The highest adjusted hazard ratio for lung cancer was chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 1.799 (1.613–2.007), followed by male sex 1.567 (1.451–6.863) and HPV infection. The highest adjusted hazard ratio for adenocarcinoma was HPV infection 1.714 (1.572–1.870), followed by COPD 1.300 (1.102–1.533), and for SCC, male sex 5.645 (4.43–3.37), followed by COPD 2.528 (2.002–3.192). Conclusion Our study showed that HPV infection was associated with the occurrence of adenocarcinoma of the lung in both men and women but was not associated with SCC of the lung.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yang Huang
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chuck Lin
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, United States
| | - Stella Chin-Shaw Tsai
- Superintendents' Office, Tungs' Taichung Metro Harbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Frank Cheau-Feng Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Frank Cheau-Feng Lin
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Geramizadeh B, Mohammadian A, Shojazadeh A, Mohammadzadeh S. P16 and P53 Expression in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Brief Report From The Experience of South of Iran, and Review of the Literature. CLINICAL PATHOLOGY 2021; 14:2632010X211013821. [PMID: 34095829 PMCID: PMC8142002 DOI: 10.1177/2632010x211013821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background: Iran is one of the high-risk countries for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been reported as one of the etiologic, pathogenetic, and prognostic factors in this tumor, especially in high-risk geographic areas. Previous reports from our geographic area, that is, the South of Iran failed to show any evidence of HPV in the cases of ESCC by molecular methods. Objectives: In this study, we evaluated P16 and P53 immunohistochemistry (IHC) expression in the cases of esophageal ESCC from Fars province in the South of Iran to find the presence of any correlation between clinicopathologic findings with P16 and P53 expression by IHC as etiologic and prognostic biomarkers. We also tried to compare the results from other geographic areas of Iran and the world. Results: P16 and P53 expression were found in 42.9% and 66.12% of ESCCs, respectively. No statistically significant correlation was found between clinicopathologic findings and P16 pr P53 expression. Conclusion: Although P16 and P53 expression in ESCC in the South of Iran is significant, there is no statistically significant correlation between clinicopathologic findings and outcome in ESCC and expression of these 2 proteins to be considered as biomarkers. Results from other geographic areas of Iran and the world are also very controversial and inconsistent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bita Geramizadeh
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Shiraz University, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Alireza Mohammadian
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Shiraz University, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Alireza Shojazadeh
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sahand Mohammadzadeh
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Shiraz University, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen ML, Kao WM, Huang JY, Hung YM, Wei JCC. Human papillomavirus infection associated with increased risk of new-onset psoriasis: a nationwide population-based cohort study. Int J Epidemiol 2021; 49:786-797. [PMID: 32176290 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyaa027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated whether patients with a history of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection are at increased risk of developing psoriasis. METHODS We enrolled 66 274 patients with HPV infection between 1997 and 2013 from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, and compared them with control individuals who had never been diagnosed with HPV infection (at a 1:4 ratio matched by age, sex and index year) in relation to the risk of developing psoriasis. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), with the control group as reference. RESULTS The adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) was 1.177 (95% CI, 1.010-1.373) after adjusting for demographic characteristics, comorbidities, dermatology-related outpatient visits and medications. The HPV group had an increased risk of psoriasis compared with the control group in all of the different age groups. The P-value for interaction between age and exposure of HPV is 0.009 in our sub-group analysis. CONCLUSIONS A higher risk of psoriasis was found after HPV infection, and age acted as an effect modifier between the HPV infection and risk of psoriasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Li Chen
- School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ming Kao
- School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Yang Huang
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University, Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Min Hung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal United Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Senior Citizen Service Management, Yuhing Junior College of Health Care and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - James Cheng-Chung Wei
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Rheumatology, BenQ Medical Center, Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Taiwan.,Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Baş Y, Aker FV, Gönültaş A, Akdeniz R, Turgal E, Çıkrıkçıoğlu MA. Effect of high-risk human papillomavirus in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Somalian and Turkish cases. Pathog Dis 2020; 77:5556942. [PMID: 31504479 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftz047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the role of high-risk human papillomavirus (Hr-HPV) in Somalian and Turkish patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In the sections obtained from paraffin-embedded blocks, the results of invasive tumor, peripheral tumor dysplasia and normal mucosa were examined. Samples containing 45 and 47 ESCC, 46 and 42 dysplasia in Somalian (n = 52) and Turkish (n = 53) cases, respectively, were included in the study. We examined the presence of 14 types of Hr-HPV in ESCC collected from Somalia and Turkey by Aptima® Panther System. Hr-HPV types were not detected in Somalian cases. p16INK4a is positive in 5 (11.4%) tumors and 6 (13%) dysplasia. p53 is positive in 28 (62.2%) tumors and 35 (76.1%) dysplasia. HPV16-18/45 are positive only in one of the Turkish cases. p16INK4a is positive in 5 (10.6%) tumors and 4 (9.5%) dysplasia. p53 is positive in 31 (63.3%) tumors and 24 (57.1%) dysplasia. No reaction was detected in normal mucosa samples in both countries. This study is regional. Although the findings did not reflect the general population, the present study shows that the effect of HPV on carcinogenesis in Somalian and Turkish ESCC patients was not significant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yılmaz Baş
- Hitit University, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, 19300 Çorum, Turkey
| | - Fügen Vardar Aker
- University of Health Sciences, Department of Pathology, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aylin Gönültaş
- University of Health Sciences, Department of Pathology, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Raşit Akdeniz
- Hitit University, Department of Pathology, Erol Olçok Education and Research Hospital, 19300 Çorum, Turkey.,Department of Pathology, Somalia Mogadishu-Turkey Education and Research Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia
| | - Ebru Turgal
- Hitit University, Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, 19300 Çorum, Turkey
| | - Makbule Arar Çıkrıkçıoğlu
- University of Health Sciences, Department of Pathology, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Stelow EB, Dill EA, Davick JJ, McCabe MB, Shami VM. High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion of the Gastroesophageal Junction Secondary to High-Risk Human Papillomavirus. Am J Clin Pathol 2019; 152:359-364. [PMID: 31216362 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqz039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the development of some carcinomas (eg, anogenital and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas) is nondebatable, there is still significant controversy regarding the relationship of HPV and esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). METHODS All cases were sampled at or near the gastroesophageal junctions in patients with reflux and/or known Barrett esophagus and appear to have been initially sampled "incidentally." Patients were all men, aged 56 to 80 years. None had a known history of other HPV-related disease. RESULTS We present four cases of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion of the gastroesophageal junction secondary to high-risk HPV that have identical histologic features to similar lesions of the anogenital tract. CONCLUSIONS Whether such lesions are at risk for developing into invasive SCC remains unclear.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edward B Stelow
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Erik A Dill
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | | | - Michael B McCabe
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Vanessa M Shami
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sanford NN, Mahal BA, Royce TJ, Pike LRG, Hwang WL. Sex Disparity and Copy Number Alterations in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 17:1207-1209. [PMID: 30120994 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2018.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although sex differences in the incidence of esophageal cancer are well-established, the independent prognostic value of sex remains unclear. Recently, several groups have performed comprehensive molecular analyses of esophageal tumors,1 providing the opportunity to elucidate the underlying genomic bases for epidemiologic observations. We therefore sought to evaluate the effect of sex on esophageal cancer prognosis and to compare genomic data from tumors in men versus women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina N Sanford
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas; Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Brandon A Mahal
- Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Trevor J Royce
- Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Luke R G Pike
- Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - William L Hwang
- Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hošnjak L, Poljak M. A systematic literature review of studies reporting human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence in esophageal carcinoma over 36 years (1982–2017). ACTA DERMATOVENEROLOGICA ALPINA PANNONICA ET ADRIATICA 2018. [DOI: 10.15570/actaapa.2018.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
9
|
Cheah PL, Koh CC, Khang TF, Goh KL, Lau PC, Chin KF, Teoh KH, Toh YF, Looi LM. Esophageal squamous cell carcinomas in a Malaysian cohort show a lack of association with human papillomavirus. J Dig Dis 2018; 19:272-278. [PMID: 29722130 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.12605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE With an age-standardized incidence rate of 2 per 100 000, esophageal cancer is not common among Malaysians, but they are nevertheless important due to its poor prognosis. The study is to clarify whether the human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with esophageal cancer in Malaysians as there has been no report to date on this in Malaysians and other South East Asians. METHODS Altogether 67 esophageal squamous cell carcinomas histologically diagnosed between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2014 at the Department of Pathology, University of Malaya Medical Center, Malaysia were considered for HPV analysis using two commercially available methods, polymerase chain reaction with flow-through hybridization (21 HPV GenoArray Diagnostic Kit) and multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (Anyplex II HPV28 Detection). The DNA amplifiability of the formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor was checked by amplification of a 268 bp segment of the human β-globin gene (GH20/PC04) prior to HPV detection. RESULTS HPV detection was finally carried out in 51 patients. HPV16 was detected in the moderately differentiated, stage IV lower esophageal tumor of a 32-year-old Malaysian-born Chinese woman by both methods. Except for a predilection for Indians, the clinical characteristics of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas in this Malaysian cohort were generally similar to those of other populations. CONCLUSION It appears that HPV is rare and an unlikely oncovirus in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas of Malaysians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phaik-Leng Cheah
- Division of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Cing-Chai Koh
- Division of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tsung Fei Khang
- Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khean-Lee Goh
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Peng-Choong Lau
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kin-Fah Chin
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kean-Hooi Teoh
- Division of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yen-Fa Toh
- Division of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Lai-Meng Looi
- Division of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kumar R, Ghosh SK, Verma AK, Talukdar A, Deka MK, Wagh M, Bahar HMI, Tapkire R, Chakraborty KP, Kannan RR. p16 Expression as a Surrogate Marker for HPV Infection in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma can Predict Response to Neo-Adjuvant Chemotherapy. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 16:7161-5. [PMID: 26514506 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.16.7161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common cancer in the north east of India. The present study concerned the prevalence of human papilloma virus (HPV) in the ESCC in north eastern India and its impact on response to chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS p16 expression, a surrogate marker for HPV infection was assessed in 101 pre-treatment biopsies of locally advanced ESCC, reported from a comprehensive cancer centre in north east India, using immunohistochemistry. All patients received neo-adjuvant chemotherapy. Response was assessed clinically and histopathologically with attention to p16 expression. RESULTS p16 was expressed in 22% of ESCC (22 out of 101) and was more prevalent in patients who were more than 45 years of age (P=0.048). p16 positive tumors appeared more commonly in the upper 2/3 of the thoracic esophagus (18 in 22). Nine of the 22 (41%) p16 positive tumors achieved pathologic complete response following neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (P=0.008). There was a trend towards reduced mortality in this group (P=0.048). Some 9 of the 20 (45%) patients who achieved pathologic complete response were p16 positive. CONCLUSIONS Expression of p16 in ESCC correlates with higher rate of pathologic complete remission in patients undergoing neo adjuvant chemotherapy and could be a predictive marker for response assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Kumar
- Cachar Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Silchar, Assam, India E-mail :
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Halec G, Schmitt M, Egger S, Abnet CC, Babb C, Dawsey SM, Flechtenmacher C, Gheit T, Hale M, Holzinger D, Malekzadeh R, Taylor PR, Tommasino M, Urban MI, Waterboer T, Pawlita M, Sitas F. Mucosal alpha-papillomaviruses are not associated with esophageal squamous cell carcinomas: Lack of mechanistic evidence from South Africa, China and Iran and from a world-wide meta-analysis. Int J Cancer 2016; 139:85-98. [PMID: 26529033 PMCID: PMC5772872 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological and mechanistic evidence on the causative role of human papillomaviruses (HPV) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is unclear. We retrieved alcohol- and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded ESCC tissues from 133 patients seropositive for antibodies against HPV early proteins, from high-incidence ESCC regions: South Africa, China and Iran. With rigorous care to prevent nucleic acid contamination, we analyzed these tissues for the presence of 51 mucosotropic human alpha-papillomaviruses by two sensitive, broad-spectrum genotyping methods, and for the markers of HPV-transformed phenotype: (i) HPV16/18 viral loads by quantitative real-time PCR, (ii) type-specific viral mRNA by E6*I/E6 full-length RT-PCR assays and (iii) expression of cellular protein p16(INK4a). Of 118 analyzable ESCC tissues, 10 (8%) were positive for DNA of HPV types: 16 (4 tumors); 33, 35, 45 (1 tumor each); 11 (2 tumors) and 16, 70 double infection (1 tumor). Inconsistent HPV DNA+ findings by two genotyping methods and negativity in qPCR indicated very low viral loads. A single HPV16 DNA+ tumor additionally harbored HPV16 E6*I mRNA but was p16(INK4a) negative (HPV16 E1 seropositive patient). Another HPV16 DNA+ tumor from an HPV16 E6 seropositive patient showed p16(INK4a) upregulation but no HPV16 mRNA. In the tumor tissues of these serologically preselected ESCC patients, we did not find consistent presence of HPV DNA, HPV mRNA or p16(INK4a) upregulation. These results were supported by a meta-analysis of 14 other similar studies regarding HPV-transformation of ESCC. Our study does not support the etiological role of the 51 analyzed mucosotropic HPV types in the ESCC carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gordana Halec
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Research Program Infection, Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Obstetrics & Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Markus Schmitt
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Research Program Infection, Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sam Egger
- Cancer Council NSW, Cancer Research Division, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christian C Abnet
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, US National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Chantal Babb
- National Health Laboratory Service, NHLS/MRC Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Sanford M Dawsey
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, US National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Tarik Gheit
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Martin Hale
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Dana Holzinger
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Research Program Infection, Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Philip R Taylor
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, US National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Massimo Tommasino
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Margaret I Urban
- National Health Laboratory Service, NHLS/MRC Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Tim Waterboer
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Research Program Infection, Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Pawlita
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Research Program Infection, Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Freddy Sitas
- Cancer Council NSW, Cancer Research Division, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lin FCF, Huang JY, Tsai SCS, Nfor ON, Chou MC, Wu MF, Lee CT, Jan CF, Liaw YP. The association between human papillomavirus infection and female lung cancer: A population-based cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e3856. [PMID: 27281096 PMCID: PMC4907674 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000003856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths among Taiwanese women. Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been detected in lung cancer tissues. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between HPV infection and lung cancer among the Taiwanese women. The analytical data were collected from the longitudinal health insurance databases (LHID 2005 and 2010) of the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). The study participants were 30 years and older and included 24,162 individuals who were identified with HPV infection from 2001 to 2004 and 1,026,986 uninfected individuals. Lung cancer incidence among infected and uninfected individuals was compared using the univariate and multivariate regression models. Among the total participants, 24,162 individuals were diagnosed with HPV. After adjusting for age, gender, low income, residential area, and comorbidity, the risk of lung cancer was higher in women (hazard ratio [HR] 1.263, 95% CI 1.015-1.571), while all cancer risks were high in both men and women with corresponding hazard ratios (HR) of 1.161 (95% CI 1.083-1.245) and HR 1.240 (95% CI 1.154-1.331), respectively. This study showed a significant increase in lung cancer risk among Taiwanese women who were exposed to HPV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Cheau-Feng Lin
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital
| | - Jing-Yang Huang
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University
| | - Stella Ching-Shao Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, Tungs’ Taichung Metro Harbor Hospital
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University
| | - Oswald Ndi Nfor
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University
| | - Ming-Chih Chou
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital
| | - Ming-Fang Wu
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University
- Divisions of Medical Oncology and Pulmonary Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung
| | - Chun-Te Lee
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University
- Department of Psychiatry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital
| | | | - Yung-Po Liaw
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- ∗Correspondence: Yung-Po Liaw, Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, 110 Sec. 1 Jianguo N. Road, Taichung 40201, Taiwan (e-mail: )
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Türkay DÖ, Vural Ç, Sayan M, Gürbüz Y. Detection of human papillomavirus in esophageal and gastroesophageal junction tumors: A retrospective study by real-time polymerase chain reaction in an instutional experience from Turkey and review of literature. Pathol Res Pract 2015; 212:77-82. [PMID: 26608416 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2015.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is a poor-prognosis malignancy that ranks eighth among all cancer types, and its prevalence shows differences among geographical regions. Although the most important risk factors for esophageal carcinoma are alcohol and smoking, viral infections, particularly HPV infection, are also considered among etiological agents. Our study aims to detect the presence of HPV in esophageal cancers in our patient population and to investigate its correlation with clinico-pathological parameters. We investigated the presence of HPV-DNA by real-time polymerase chain reaction in a total of 52 patients with esophageal cancer. Subtype analysis was performed in positive cases and was correlated with selected clinico-pathological parameters. Five (9.6%) of 52 tumor samples, 3 squamous cell carcinomas (3/33 cases) and 2 adenocarcinomas (2/19 cases), were HPV-DNA-positive. Subtype analysis could be performed in four HPV-DNA-positive cases, of which three were HPV type-39 and 1 was type-16. The Marmara region, where the present study was carried out, is a region with low-moderate risk for esophageal cancer, and the prevalence of HPV-DNA in these tumors is similar to the prevalence of HPV-DNA reported in the literature for regions with similar risk. In conclusion, we detected HPV DNA in a subset of esophageal and gastroesophageal junction tumors. HPV infection may have a role in esophageal carcinogenesis and high-risk HPV subtypes can particularly be considered among risk factors since the prevalence of high risk HPV infection has also been found to be increased in regions with a high risk for esophageal cancer compared to low-moderate risk regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Düriye Özer Türkay
- Department of Pathology, Ankara Numune Research and Education Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Çiğdem Vural
- Department of Pathology, Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey.
| | - Murat Sayan
- Kocaeli University Hospital, Clinical Laboratory, PCR Unit, Kocaeli, Turkey; Near East University, Research Center of Experimental Health Sciences, Nicasia, Northern Cyprus
| | - Yeşim Gürbüz
- Department of Pathology, Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Human papillomavirus shows highly variable prevalence in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and no significant correlation to p16INK4a overexpression: a systematic review. J Thorac Oncol 2015; 9:865-71. [PMID: 24787962 DOI: 10.1097/jto.0000000000000166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This review investigates the role of p16(INK4a) as a marker of transcriptionally active human papillomavirus (HPV) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and the regional prevalence of HPV in ESCC. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched with the purpose of identifying all studies published between January 1980 and July 2013 reporting both HPV and p16 results in a minimum of five human ESCC specimens. RESULTS Twelve studies were identified, providing data on a total of 1383 ESCC specimens collected between 1987 and 2009 from 10 different countries. HPV DNA was detected in 12.0% (n = 161) of 1347 specimens, and p16(INK4a) was detected in 33.9% (n = 209) of 617 specimens. The HPV presence varied from 0% to 70% among the studies. The prevalence of p16(INK4a) overexpression in HPV-positive and HPV-negative specimens demonstrated no statistically significant difference, neither for the combined data (p = 0.7507) nor for any individual study, and detection of p16(INK4a) overexpression did not affect the odds of tumors being HPV positive (odds ratio = 1.0666 with 95% confidence interval 0.7040-1.6157). In a pooled analysis, the sensitivity of p16(INK4a) overexpression as a marker of HPV DNA presence was 0.35, the specificity 0.67, and the positive predictive value 0.25. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review reports great regional variation in the prevalence of HPV in ESCC and suggests that p16(INK4a) is not a reliable marker of HPV status in ESCC.
Collapse
|
15
|
Kirkegård J, Farkas DK, Søgaard M, Schmidt SAJ, Ostenfeld EB, Cronin-Fenton D. Conization as a marker of persistent cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and risk of gastrointestinal cancer: a Danish 34-year nationwide cohort study. Cancer Causes Control 2014; 25:1677-82. [PMID: 25303999 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-014-0473-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Persistent cervical infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) may be a marker of poor immune function and thus associated with an increased cancer risk. HPV infection is implicated in all cases of cervical cancer, but except for anal and esophageal cancers, the association between persistent HPV infection and gastrointestinal cancer has not been investigated. METHODS We performed a nationwide population-based cohort study of 83,008 women undergoing cervical conization between 1978 and 2011, using cervical conization as a marker of chronic HPV infection. We computed standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) as a measure of the relative risk of each cancer comparing women undergoing conization with that expected in the general population. We also calculated absolute risks. RESULTS During follow-up, 988 GI cancers occurred versus 880 expected among 83,008 women followed for a median of 14.9 years, corresponding to a SIR of 1.1 (95 % CI 1.1-1.2). Risks were increased for anal (SIR 2.9; 95 % CI 2.3-3.5) and esophageal (SIR 1.5; 95 % CI 1.1-2.0) cancers, with suggested increased risks of cancers of the gallbladder and biliary tract (SIR 1.3; 95 % CI 0.90-1.8), pancreas (SIR 1.2; 95 % CI 0.97-1.4), and liver (SIR 1.1; 95 % CI 0.79-1.6). The SIRs decreased with increasing follow-up time. The risks of gastric, small intestinal, colon, or rectal cancers were not elevated. Overall, the absolute cancer risk was 0.18 % (95 % CI 0.15-0.21) after 5 years. CONCLUSIONS The relative risks of several gastrointestinal cancers were raised among women who underwent cervical conization for persistent HPV infection, but the absolute risks were low.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Kirkegård
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Olof Palmes Allé 43-45, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Poljak M, Kocjan BJ, Hošnjak L. Role of human papillomaviruses in esophageal carcinoma: an updated systematic review from 1982 to 2013. Future Virol 2014. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl.13.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Tobacco, alcohol and betel quid are known etiological agents of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). A meta-analysis in 2012 and a literature update (1982–August 2013) identified 159 studies with a total of 11,310 ESCCs tested for the presence of human papillomaviruses (HPVs). HPV DNA was present in 30.3% of fESCCs, with substantial geographic differences. A recent meta-analysis of 21 case–control studies investigating the HPV–ESCC association showed that HPVs increase the risk of ESCC at least threefold. Vaccine-preventable HPV-16 and HPV-18 are the most commonly identified HPV types in ESCC in both low- and high-incidence settings. HPVs should now be seriously considered as etiological agents for at least a subset of ESCC, and more studies are needed to provide conclusive evidence that HPVs cause ESCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Poljak
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Microbiology & Immunology, Zaloška 4, 1105 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Boštjan J Kocjan
- Institute of Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Lea Hošnjak
- Institute of Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Dong SW, Li D, Xu C, Sun P, Wang YG, Zhang P. Alteration in gene expression profile and oncogenicity of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by RIZ1 upregulation. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19:6170-6177. [PMID: 24115813 PMCID: PMC3787346 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i37.6170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Revised: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effect of retinoblastoma protein-interacting zinc finger gene 1 (RIZ1) upregulation in gene expression profile and oncogenicity of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cell line TE13.
METHODS: TE13 cells were transfected with pcDNA3.1(+)/RIZ1 and pcDNA3.1(+). Changes in gene expression profile were screened and the microarray results were confirmed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Nude mice were inoculated with TE13 cells to establish ESCC xenografts. After two weeks, the inoculated mice were randomly divided into three groups. Tumors were injected with normal saline, transfection reagent pcDNA3.1(+) and transfection reagent pcDNA3.1(+)/RIZ1, respectively. Tumor development was quantified, and changes in gene expression of RIZ1 transfected tumors were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting.
RESULTS: DNA microarray data showed that RIZ1 transfection induced widespread changes in gene expression profile of cell line TE13, with 960 genes upregulated and 1163 downregulated. Treatment of tumor xenografts with RIZ1 recombinant plasmid significantly inhibited tumor growth, decreased tumor size, and increased expression of RIZ1 mRNA compared to control groups. The changes in gene expression profile were also observed in vivo after RIZ1 transfection. Most of the differentially expressed genes were associated with cell development, supervision of viral replication, lymphocyte costimulatory and immune system development in esophageal cells. RIZ1 gene may be involved in multiple cancer pathways, such as cytokine receptor interaction and transforming growth factor beta signaling.
CONCLUSION: The development and progression of esophageal cancer are related to the inactivation of RIZ1. Virus infection may also be an important factor.
Collapse
|