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Nguyen SP, McDermott C. Holding multiple category representations: The role of age, theory of mind, and rule switching in children's developing cross-classification abilities. J Exp Child Psychol 2024; 237:105716. [PMID: 37603980 DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2023.105716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Cross-classification, the ability to categorize multifaceted entities in many ways, is a remarkable cognitive milestone for children. Past work has focused primarily on documenting the timeline for when children reach cross-classification competence. However, it is not well understood what cognitive factors underpin children's improvements. The current study aimed to examine the contributions of age, theory of mind, and rule switching to children's cross-classification development. We tested 3- to 5-year-old children (N = 75) using a cross-classification task, the Theory of Mind Task Battery, and the Three-Dimensional Change Card Sort test. The results revealed that age and theory of mind predict children's cross-classification over and above the effects of rule switching. The results also revealed that advanced-level theory of mind reasoning is a particularly strong predictor of cross-classification development. These findings increase understanding of cross-classification within children's broader cognitive development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone P Nguyen
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28403, USA.
| | - Catherine McDermott
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28403, USA
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Pereira LJ, Lopes CP, Martins ML, de Fragas Hinnig P, Di Pietro PF, de Moura Araujo PH, de Andrade DF, De Assis MAA, Vieira FGK. How Brazilian Schoolchildren Identify, Classify, and Label Foods and Beverages-A Card Sorting Methodology. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1296. [PMID: 36674051 PMCID: PMC9859169 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study examined how Brazilian schoolchildren identified, classified, and labeled foods and beverages. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 133 schoolchildren aged 7 to 10 years old from a public school located in southern Brazil in 2015. A set of cards with pictures of 32 food and beverage items from the web-based Food Intake and Physical Activity of Schoolchildren tool (Web-CAAFE) were used. Participants identified each item, formed groups for them based on similarity, and assigned labels for those groups. Student's t-tests and analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests were used to verify the mean difference between the groups of items. K-means cluster analysis was applied to identify similar clusters. Schoolchildren made an average of 9.1 piles of foods and beverages that they thought were similar (±2.4) with 3.0 cards (±1.8) each. Five groups were identified: meats, snacks and pasta, sweets, milk and dairy products, and fruits and vegetables. The most frequently used nomenclature for labeling groups was taxonomic-professional (47.4%), followed by the specific food item name (16.4%), do not know/not sure (13.3%), and evaluative (health perception) (8.8%). The taxonomic-professional category could be applied to promote improvements in the identification process of food and beverage items by children in self-reported computerized dietary questionnaires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Jeremias Pereira
- Post-Graduation Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Clarice Perucchi Lopes
- Post-Graduation Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Mayara Lopes Martins
- Doctoral School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition, University of Debrecen, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Patrícia de Fragas Hinnig
- Post-Graduation Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Patricia Faria Di Pietro
- Post-Graduation Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique de Moura Araujo
- Informatics and Statistics Department, Technological Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Dalton Francisco de Andrade
- Informatics and Statistics Department, Technological Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Alice Altenburg De Assis
- Post-Graduation Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil
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Nguyen SP, Girgis H, Knopp J. A ladybug bear can fly and climb trees: Children prefer conjunctions of labels and properties for cross‐classifiable toys. INFANT AND CHILD DEVELOPMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/icd.2134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simone P. Nguyen
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of North Carolina Wilmington Wilmington North Carolina
| | - Helana Girgis
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of North Carolina Wilmington Wilmington North Carolina
| | - Jamie Knopp
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of North Carolina Wilmington Wilmington North Carolina
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Nguyen SP, Chevalier T. Category coherence in children's inductive inferences with cross-classified entities. COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cogdev.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Infants detect changes in everyday scenes: The role of scene gist. Cogn Psychol 2014; 72:142-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cogpsych.2014.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2012] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Chisholm V, Gonzalez A, Atkinson L. Interpersonal engagement mediates the relation between maternal affect and externalising behaviour in young children with type 1 diabetes. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97672. [PMID: 24905358 PMCID: PMC4048175 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mother-child interactions around a shared activity have been shown to play a key role in the development of young children's capacity to interact cooperatively with others. This evidence is particularly germane to type 1 diabetes (T1D) management in younger children where cooperation with parental treatment efforts is crucial for treatment success and where maternal distress and child behavioural problems are risk factors for treatment management, biomedical and psychological outcomes. In 49 4-to-8 year old children with T1D, we investigated whether the association between maternal affect and child problematic behaviour is mediated by mother-child interactions in the context of a T1D-relevant collaborative problem-solving activity. Mothers completed standardised measures of maternal and child psychological adjustment and interacted with their children in the problem-solving activity, analysed for quality of interpersonal engagement based on evaluations of maternal (sensitivity and cognitive stimulation) and dyadic (joint attention and warmth) behaviours. Mediation analyses confirmed the hypothesis that interpersonal engagement mediates the relation between maternal affective state and child behavioural problems. Specifically, more negative maternal affect is associated with lower levels of interpersonal engagement; these less engaged interactions in turn are associated with more behavioural problems in children. These findings are consistent with research involving typically developing children. The implications of our findings are twofold. First, in the context of psychological adjustment to T1D, maternal affect and mother-child interactions are 2 potential targets for interventions which promote cooperative interactions. Second, understanding and caring for children at biological risk requires attention to developmental psychology theory and method; in particular, research addressing parent-child cooperation carries both conceptual and clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivienne Chisholm
- Division of Psychology & Sociology, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, Musselburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Andrea Gonzalez
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leslie Atkinson
- Department of Psychology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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