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Alebrahim MA, Bakkar MM, Al Darayseh A, Msameh A, Jarrar D, Aljabari S, Khater W. Awareness and Knowledge of the Effect of Ultraviolet (UV) Radiation on the Eyes and the Relevant Protective Practices: A Cross-Sectional Study from Jordan. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10122414. [PMID: 36553938 PMCID: PMC9778245 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10122414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation is linked to serious adverse health effects that are cumulative in nature and affect children more than adults. UV radiation has also been reported to have serious complications for the eye, particularly in areas with a high UV radiation index. Increasing public awareness about the harmful effects of UV radiation on the eye and promoting awareness about protection against UV radiation may prevent eye disease related to UV radiation damage and help in the improvement of public health in general. This study aims to assess public awareness and knowledge of UV radiation and practices toward UV protection in Jordan, which is a country recognized as having a relatively high UV index throughout the year. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed using an online questionnaire using Google Forms® to assess people's awareness, knowledge, practices toward eye protection from UV radiation, and the reasons for not wearing UV-protective eyeglasses in Jordan. Sociodemographic information of participants including age, gender, education level, and employment status was also acquired. People's knowledge on UV protection and harmfulness was measured via rewarding their correctly answered knowledge questions with one mark and zero for incorrectly answered questions based on key answers defined from the literature. Results: A total of 1331 participants (77% females and 23% males) with an average age of 26(±10) years completed the online questionnaire. Participants showed generally high levels of knowledge and awareness about UV radiation and its harmful effects. Nevertheless, participants showed a low level of knowledge about the link between UV radiation and some of the ocular diseases in the questionnaire. Practices toward UV radiation protection where inadequate, with 59% of the respondents reporting that they do not use any protective eyewear from natural UV radiation. The main reported reason for not wearing UV-protective sunglasses was uncertainty in the efficiency of UV protection in sunglasses, as reported by 47% of the participants who do not wear UV-protective sunglasses. Conclusions: The awareness of UV radiation and its harmful effects is high in the studied population. Participant knowledge is also relatively high in relation to nature of solar UV radiation, other synthetic sources of UV radiation, and the most dangerous UV exposure time. However, low participant knowledge was measured on the association between UV radiation with ocular disease and the role of UV-protective eyeglasses. Participant practice toward UV radiation protection was found to be insufficient. Thus, it is important to further increase the knowledge of damaging effects of solar and synthetic UV radiation and emphasize the benefits of eye protection from UV radiation. Eye care practitioners should target youth by different strategies including health campaigns, media, and clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A. Alebrahim
- Department of Allied Medical Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 3030, Jordan
- Correspondence:
| | - May M. Bakkar
- Department of Allied Medical Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 3030, Jordan
| | - Abdulla Al Darayseh
- Emirates College for Advanced Education, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 126662, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aya Msameh
- Department of Allied Medical Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 3030, Jordan
| | - Dana Jarrar
- Department of Allied Medical Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 3030, Jordan
| | - Saja Aljabari
- Department of Allied Medical Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 3030, Jordan
| | - Walla Khater
- Department of Allied Medical Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 3030, Jordan
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Affecting Young Children’s Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors for Ultraviolet Radiation Protection through the Internet of Things: A Quasi-Experimental Study. COMPUTERS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/computers10110137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation is linked to skin cancer. Children are more vulnerable to UV harmful effects compared to adults. Children’s active involvement in using Internet of Things (IoT) devices to collect and analyze real-time UV radiation data is suggested to increase their awareness of UV protection. This quasi-experimental pre-test post-test control group study implemented light sensors in a STEM inquiry-based learning environment focusing on UV radiation and protection in primary education. This exploratory, small-scale study investigated the effect of a STEM environment implementing IoT devices on 6th graders’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors about UV radiation and protection. Participants were 31 primary school students. Experimental group participants (n = 15) attended four eighty-minute inquiry-based lessons on UV radiation and protection and used sensors to measure and analyze UV radiation in their school. Data sources included questionnaires on UV knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors administered pre- and post-intervention. Statistically significant learning gains were found only for the experimental group (t14 = −3.64, p = 0.003). A statistically significant positive behavioral change was reported for experimental group participants six weeks post-intervention. The study adds empirical evidence suggesting the value of real-time data-driven approaches implementing IoT devices to positively influence students’ knowledge and behaviors related to socio-scientific problems affecting their health.
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Veisi K, Bijani M, Abbasi E. A human ecological analysis of water conflict in rural areas: Evidence from Iran. Glob Ecol Conserv 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Iglesias-Puzas Á, Méndez Iglesias M, Diéguez Montes MP, Flórez Á. Assessment of sun-related behaviour, knowledge and attitudes among nursing students. PHOTODERMATOLOGY PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2019; 35:304-312. [PMID: 30907018 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As future healthcare professionals, nursing students will play an important role in social training and promoting healthy behaviours including protection against sunlight. However, few studies to date have focused on their knowledge and attitudes regarding sun-related behaviour. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices about sun protection and skin cancer among nursing students. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 200 all year nursing students from University of Vigo, located in the Vigo, Ourense and Pontevedra campus. Participants completed a validated, self-reported questionnaire with 38 questions regarding their demographic characteristics, sun-related behaviour, knowledge and attitudes. RESULTS Approximately 87% of students reported experiencing sunburn last summer and 57% stated that they had sunbathed more than 15 days. Participants showed low level of sun protection behaviours, with the exception of using sunscreen (86%) and wearing sunglasses (72.5%). Knowledge about skin cancer and sun protection was considered high (rate of correct responses 87.7%, 6.14 out of 7). Moreover, positive tanning attitudes were high in the sample overall. Nursing students awarded a high value to tanned skin and showed misconceptions about sun exposure. CONCLUSION Although most of the students were aware of the side effects of sun exposure, their behaviours and attitudes were unsatisfactory. A high level of knowledge may not be predictive of positive practices and adequate attitudes, even among future healthcare professionals. Further guidance and educational campaigns are utmost important, particularly in a group that will be directly involved in prevention and early diagnosis of skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Iglesias-Puzas
- Dermatology Department, Pontevedra University Hospital, EOXI Pontevedra-Salnés, Pontevedra, Spain
| | | | | | - Ángeles Flórez
- Dermatology Department, Pontevedra University Hospital, EOXI Pontevedra-Salnés, Pontevedra, Spain
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Ghaffari M, Rakhshandehrou S, Tezval J, Harooni J, Armoon B. Skin cancer-related coping appraisal among farmers of rural areas: Applying protection motivation theory. J Cosmet Dermatol 2019; 18:1830-1836. [PMID: 30932297 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin cancers are the most common malignancies in Iran. According to the statistics, skin cancer is the most prevalent cancer in Ilam city. This study is conducted to evaluate skin cancer coping of farmers in rural areas of Ilam city. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study. Samples were collected by multistage random sampling. The required data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire from 248 farmers in rural areas of Ilam city. Questions were based on the protection motivation theory, and they were related to the subscales of response efficacy, self-efficacy, and response costs. Collected data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16. RESULTS Results of this study indicated that efficacy and perceived self-efficacy in farmers were low and response cost was high. The efficacy and perceived self-efficacy were high in 18.1% and 4.8% of farmers, respectively, and only 4.4% of them had low response costs, in association with protective behaviors. Regarding coping appraisal status also results showed that 204 people of farmers (82.3%) were unacceptable, one person (0.4%) was in the borderline, and 43 people (17.3%) were acceptable. There was a statistically significant association between coping appraisal status and education level and also income amount (P < 0.001) but there was no statistically significant association between coping appraisal status and family size (P > 0.670). CONCLUSION The founding proved that a coping appraisal is a beneficial approach for predicting cognitive determinants of skin cancer behavior among rural farmers. The most farmers have been the low level of coping appraisal (82.3% were unacceptable).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohtasham Ghaffari
- Environmental and Occupational Hazards Control Research Center, Department of Health Education & Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sakineh Rakhshandehrou
- Environmental and Occupational Hazards Control Research Center, Department of Health Education & Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Tezval
- Department of Health Education & Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran/Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam Health Center, Ilam, Iran
| | - Javad Harooni
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Bahram Armoon
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran
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Dey V. Assessment of knowledge and attitude towards sun exposure and photoprotection measures among Indian patients attending dermatology clinic. INDIAN JOURNAL OF DRUGS IN DERMATOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/ijdd.ijdd_19_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Mingoia J, Hutchinson AD, Gleaves DH, Corsini N, Wilson C. Use of social networking sites and associations with skin tone dissatisfaction, sun exposure, and sun protection in a sample of Australian adolescents. Psychol Health 2017; 32:1502-1517. [PMID: 28691513 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2017.1347788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous research has indicated that greater exposure to traditional media (i.e. television, film, and print) predicted skin cancer risk factors in adolescents; however, the relationship between social media usage and these outcomes remains unexplored. We examined whether social networking site (SNS) usage, and the particular manner of this use, was associated with skin tone dissatisfaction, sun exposure and sun protection among Australian adolescents. We also explored sex differences in SNS usage related to tanning. METHOD A total of 1856 South Australian secondary school students completed the Australian School Students Alcohol and Drug 2014 survey. SNS usage related to tanning comprised posting pictures, posting text, viewing pictures, viewing text and liking or sharing posts. RESULTS Adolescents spent 214.56 minutes, on average, per day using SNSs. Behaviours related to tanning that involved pictures (i.e. viewing pictures, posting pictures, and liking or sharing content) were significantly associated with more skin tone dissatisfaction, more sun exposure and less sun protection. Females performed all SNS-linked behaviours more frequently than did males, with the exception of posting text. CONCLUSION Australian adolescents spend a considerable amount of time using SNSs, and their behaviours related to tanning on these SNSs are significantly associated with skin cancer risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Mingoia
- a School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, University of South Australia , Adelaide , Australia
| | - Amanda D Hutchinson
- a School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, University of South Australia , Adelaide , Australia
| | - David H Gleaves
- a School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, University of South Australia , Adelaide , Australia
| | - Nadia Corsini
- b Cancer Council South Australia , Eastwood , Australia
| | - Carlene Wilson
- b Cancer Council South Australia , Eastwood , Australia.,c Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University , Bedford Park , Australia.,d School of Psychology and Counselling, La Trobe University , Melbourne , Australia
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Davis R, Loescher LJ, Rogers J, Spartonos D, Snyder A, Koch S, Harris RB. Evaluation of Project Students are Sun Safe (SASS): A University Student-Delivered Skin Cancer Prevention Program for Schools. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2015; 30:736-742. [PMID: 25417824 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-014-0742-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Skin cancer is the most common cancer in the USA and is increasing in children and young adults. Adolescents are an important target population for sun-safety interventions with ultraviolet radiation as the strongest risk factor for developing skin cancer. Schools are an ideal setting to intervene with adolescents. A novel Arizona skin cancer prevention in-class education-activity program, Project 'Students are Sun Safe' (SASS), was designed to be delivered by university students for middle school and high school students. Participant students completed the pre- and post-program tests and a satisfaction questionnaire; teachers completed reviews. The evaluation examined the program's influence on participants' sun-safety knowledge, perceptions, and behaviors; satisfaction with the program; and intent to change. After exposure to Project SASS, participants were more likely to perceive a high risk of skin cancer, report negative attitudes toward tanned skin, and answer knowledge-based questions correctly. There were minimal differences in self-reported sun-safety behaviors, though participants did report intent to change. Both participants and teachers were satisfied with the program. Project SASS appears to be an effective sun-safety program for middle school and high school students for knowledge and perceptions, and the results confirm that appropriately tailoring program components to the target population has strong potential to impact adolescent perceived susceptibility, knowledge, and behavioral intent. The strengths and weaknesses of Project SASS have many implications for public health practice, and Project SASS may hold promise to be a model for skin cancer prevention in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raeann Davis
- Zuckerman College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Tucson, Arizona, AZ, 85724, USA.
- University of California Davis, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Lois J Loescher
- Zuckerman College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Tucson, Arizona, AZ, 85724, USA.
- College of Nursing, The University of Arizona, 1305 N. Martin Tucson, Arizona, AZ, 85721, USA.
| | - Jillian Rogers
- Scottsdale Healthcare, Arizona State University, 4629 E. Charleston Ave. Phoenix, Arizona, 85032, USA
| | - Denise Spartonos
- Skin Cancer Institute, The University of Arizona Cancer Center, 1515 N Campbell Ave. Tucson, Arizona, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - Aimee Snyder
- Zuckerman College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Tucson, Arizona, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - Stephanie Koch
- Zuckerman College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Tucson, Arizona, AZ, 85724, USA
- Skin Cancer Institute, The University of Arizona Cancer Center, 1515 N Campbell Ave. Tucson, Arizona, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - Robin B Harris
- Zuckerman College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Tucson, Arizona, AZ, 85724, USA
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AlGhamdi KM, AlAklabi AS, AlQahtani AZ. Knowledge, attitudes and practices of the general public toward sun exposure and protection: A national survey in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Pharm J 2015; 24:652-657. [PMID: 27829807 PMCID: PMC5094427 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Many international studies have been conducted to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of the public toward sun exposure and sun-protection measures. However, there are scarce data on these factors from the Middle East. Objectives: This study aimed to explore the KAP of the public toward sun exposure and sun-protection measures among Saudis. Methods: A cross-sectional survey using a specially designed questionnaire was conducted on a stratified random sample of the general population in the five geographical regions of Saudi Arabia (central, eastern, northern, southern, and western). Data were collected between October 2010 and March 2011. Multiple logistic regressions were applied to relate the use of sunscreen and skin cancer awareness with various socio-demographic variables. Results: The questionnaire was distributed to 2900 Saudis. A total of 2622 questionnaires were completed, returned, and included in the data analysis, corresponding to a response rate of 90.4%. The mean (SD) age of respondents was 27.8 ± 9.7 years. Fifty percent (1301/1601) of the respondents were males. Fifty-five percent (1406/2544) were aware of the association between sun exposure and skin cancer. Female, young and student respondents were more likely to be aware of the connection between sun exposure and skin cancer (p < 0.001). Likewise, respondents from the middle social class and those with higher education levels were more likely to be informed (p < 0.02). The prevalence of regular sunscreen use among study participants was only 23.7%, and female and employed respondents were more likely to use sunscreen (p < 0.001). Protective clothes were the most commonly used sun protection measure as reported by more than 90% of our participants. Conclusion: This study has shown that sun awareness and protection are generally inadequate in the Saudi population and suggests the need for health education programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid M AlGhamdi
- Dermatology Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Vitiligo Research Chair, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aeed S AlAklabi
- Vitiligo Research Chair, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulla Z AlQahtani
- Vitiligo Research Chair, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Naggar RA. Practice of Skin Cancer Prevention among Road Traffic Police Officers in Malaysia. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 14:4577-81. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.8.4577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Suppa M, Argenziano G, Moscarella E, Hofmann-Wellenhof R, Thomas L, Catricalà C, Gutiérrez-González E, Fargnoli M, Peris K, Zalaudek I. Selective sunscreen application on nevi: frequency and determinants of a wrong sun-protective behaviour. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2013; 28:348-54. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Suppa
- Department of Dermatology; University of L'Aquila; L'Aquila Italy
| | - G. Argenziano
- Dermatology and Skin Cancer Unit; Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova - IRCCS; Reggio Emilia Italy
| | - E. Moscarella
- Dermatology and Skin Cancer Unit; Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova - IRCCS; Reggio Emilia Italy
- Department of Dermatology; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
| | | | - L. Thomas
- Department of Dermatology; Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1; Lyon France
| | - C. Catricalà
- Department of Oncologic Dermatology; San Gallicano Dermatological Institute; Rome Italy
| | | | - M.C. Fargnoli
- Department of Dermatology; University of L'Aquila; L'Aquila Italy
| | - K. Peris
- Department of Dermatology; University of L'Aquila; L'Aquila Italy
| | - I. Zalaudek
- Department of Dermatology; University of Graz; Graz Austria
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Suppa M, Cazzaniga S, Fargnoli MC, Naldi L, Peris K. Knowledge, perceptions and behaviours about skin cancer and sun protection among secondary school students from Central Italy. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2012; 27:571-9. [PMID: 22356655 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2012.04484.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although sun exposure is a strong risk factor for skin cancer, tanning is very popular among adolescents. Awareness of skin cancer and sun exposure might influence sun protective behaviours in this population. OBJECTIVES To investigate the awareness of skin cancer and sun-safe practices among Italian adolescents. METHODS A questionnaire about knowledge of skin cancer, perceived severity of sun rays/skin cancer and behaviour toward sun protection was administered to 1204 secondary school students. Predictors of these three components were assessed by case-control analyses considering different combinations of answers. Multiple logistic regression models were used to this scope. RESULTS The majority of participants had heard of skin cancer in the past (97.0%), correctly identified possible causes (58.6%) and names (64.2%) of skin cancers and judged appropriately the perceived danger of sunrays (70.2%) and skin cancer (80.6%). Nonetheless, students' behaviour was poor: only 13.5% stated to always use sun-safe practices and 39.1% never used any. Independent predictors of proper knowledge were: Lyceum school, and family or TV/media as information source; of appropriate perceived severity: Lyceum school, a darker skin type, and dermatologists as information source; of acceptable behaviour: female sex, a darker skin type, and dermatologists or general practitioners (GPs) as information source. CONCLUSIONS Despite a fairly good knowledge about skin cancer and sun exposure, students' behaviour was unsatisfactory. Knowledge is not sufficient to produce a positive behaviour, as determinants of these two aspects are different. Dermatologists and GPs should be considered as key-figures for future multicomponent intervention strategies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Suppa
- Department of Dermatology, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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Al Robaee AA. Awareness to sun exposure and use of sunscreen by the general population. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2011; 10:314-8. [PMID: 21108614 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2010.2678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sun exposure has a pathogenic effect on the development of skin cancer, whose prevalence increases worldwide. Educational programs are carried out to change high risk sun exposure behaviours. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of Saudi population regarding sun exposure and the risk of skin cancers, as well as to study their sun-protective attitudes and practices. A cross-sectional population-based survey using specially devised questionnaire on a stratified random sample of general population in Qassim Province between January and March 2010. One thousand three hundred and seventy six persons participated in the study. A high sun exposure of more than 10 hours per week was reported by 661 persons (48%). Fifty six percent of respondents were aware of the association between sun exposure and skin cancer but the rate of sun screen use was only 8.3%. Socio-demographic factors more likely to be associated with sunscreen use were: females, higher social class, higher levels of education, type 4 skin and married individuals. This study has indicated a low rate of sunscreen use by our population despite reasonably good knowledge about the hazards of sun exposure. This necessitates the need for health education program. We hope that the results of our study will be used for setting up a sun policy for Saudi general public.
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Beck F, Gautier A, Guilbert P, Peretti-Watel P. [Representations and attitudes toward cancer in the French general population]. Med Sci (Paris) 2009; 25:529-33. [PMID: 19480836 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2009255529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer has become a major public health issue. It is thus crucial to measure the general population's behaviours, opinions and perceptions about cancer and its associated risk factors. This article describes some of the main findings of a 2005 French survey (n = 4,046). Cancer is considered by a large majority to be the most serious disease, far before HIV/AIDS and cardiovascular diseases. The carcinogenic risk that is associated to main risk factors, such as sun exposure, tobacco-smoking and alcohol use appears to be well-known. However, many people justify dangerous behaviours with strongly-anchored beliefs, which maintain dangerous behaviours for health on the long-term. What's more, the perception of risk proliferation can also generate risk denial. Because self-exempting beliefs are still widespread within the general opinion, it is essential to continue public health information campaigns dedicated to cancer prevention, so as to induce better prevention practices within the general population and to reduce stigmatisation and isolation experienced by cancer patients. If risk denial is not systematically a consequence of a lack of information, it is generally associated to a cognitive construction that gives coherence to behaviours.
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Szklo AS, Almeida LMD, Figueiredo V, Lozana JDA, Azevedo e Silva Mendonça G, Moura LD, Szklo M. [Behaviors related to sunlight exposure versus protection in a random population sample from 15 Brazilian State capitals and the Federal District, 2002-2003]. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2008; 23:823-34. [PMID: 17435880 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-311x2007000400010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2005] [Accepted: 10/30/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This article examines region-specific relations between prevalence of protection against sunlight and socio-demographic and behavioral variables in Brazil. Data were derived from a cross-sectional population-based random sample. Information on sunlight exposure was available for a total of 16,999 individuals 15 years and older. Comparing the North and South of Brazil, crude differences between women and men in the use of "sunscreen" and "protective headwear" were +10.9% (95%CI: 7.1; 14.6) and -11.6% (95%CI: -17.0; -6.3) in the North and +21.3% (95%CI: 17.7; 24.9) and -16.0% (95%CI: -20.2; -12.5) in the South. Adjusted differences by selected variables confirmed that women use more sunscreen protection and less headwear protection as compared to men in both the North and South, but the difference was not homogeneous by region (interaction term p value < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- André Salem Szklo
- Coordenação de Prevenção e Vigilância, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rua dos Inválidos 212, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20231-020, Brazil.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Skin phototyping is a clinical classification system based on a patient's historical reporting of the acute skin response to sunlight. We carried out a simple study to estimate the skin phototypes of the Maltese people in order to acquire more information on the relative risk of the general Maltese population to sun burning and to the more chronic effects of sun exposure, including photoaging and skin cancers. METHOD A consultant dermatologist and dermatology trainees determined the skin phototype of patients seen with skin infections or skin tags at dermatology outpatients in Malta by carrying out a short interview. RESULTS Data were collected on 756 patients. The commonest reported skin phototype in both sexes was type III (48.0% overall; 52.4% in males, 43.8% in females); this was followed by type IV in males (30.4%) and type II in females (32.3%). Only 1.2% of the total was of skin type I. CONCLUSION Approximately one half of the Maltese population is at moderate risk of sun damage; about one quarter is at low risk; and the other quarter is at high risk, the latter group needing more thorough sun avoidance and better surveillance for skin tumours. Social desirability can influence responses to such questionnaires and might have contributed to the difference between males and females noted in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Aquilina
- Department of Dermatology, University of Malta Medical School, Sir Paul Boffa Hospital, Floriana, Malta.
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Livingston PM, White V, Hayman J, Dobbinson S. Australian adolescents' sun protection behavior: who are we kidding? Prev Med 2007; 44:508-12. [PMID: 17400286 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2005] [Revised: 02/12/2007] [Accepted: 02/15/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the influence of tan preference and skin type on sun protection behaviors of Australian adolescents. METHODS The Australian Secondary School Alcohol and Drug Questionnaires were conducted in 1993, 1996, 1999 and 2002 among randomly selected students aged 12--17. Schools were randomly selected from each education sector in each state. The self-administered questionnaire contained questions about tan preferences, skin type and usual SunSmart behavior (use of sunscreen, hats and covering clothing). RESULTS The routine use of SunSmart behavior was low in all survey years. There was a significant decrease over time in the proportion of students who practiced SunSmart behavior, with prevalence rates lower in 2002 than in any other survey year (males: p<0.01 and females: p<0.01). As desire for a tan increased, routine practice of SunSmart behaviors decreased. Across the four survey periods, male (p<0.01) and female (p<0.01) students who preferred no tan were significantly more likely to practice SunSmart behavior than students who preferred any sort of tan. Across the four survey years, male (p<0.01) and female (p<0.01) students with skin that 'just burns' were most likely to routinely practice SunSmart behavior. CONCLUSIONS Sun protection practices among adolescents have continued to decline significantly over time. Future educational programs require an innovative approach to modify adolescent behaviors in relation to sun exposure and sun protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia M Livingston
- Faculty of Health, Medicine, Nursing and Behavioural Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia.
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