1
|
Bahk YY, Kim MH, Kim TS, Park SJ, Kim JM, Rhee OJ, Lee SS. Occurrence of four waterborne viruses at five typical raw water resources in the Republic of Korea during August 2013 to February 2019. J Microbiol 2020; 58:915-925. [PMID: 32997302 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-020-0231-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Waterborne diseases have critical public health issues and socioeconomic relevancy worldwide. Various viral pathogens are ordinarily associated with waterborne diseases. Six-year-surveillance (a total of 20 times) of norovirus, hepatitis A virus, group C rotavirus, and enterovirus was conducted at five raw water sampling sites including two lakes (Lakes Soyang and Juam), Hyundo region of Geum River in Daejeon City, and Guui region of Han River in Seoul Metropolitan City and Moolgeum region of Nakdong River in Gimhae City which are located near two water intake plants. In this study, we routinely investigated virus contamination in water samples through reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and integrated cell culture RT-PCR with high sensitivity and specificity. A total 100 samples were tested. Most of the targeted viruses were found in 32% of the samples and at least one of the indicator bacteria was detected in 65% of these occurrences. Among all the detected viruses, enterovirus was the most prevalent with a detection frequency of 12% and 2.71 MPN/10 L on average, while hepatitis A virus was the least prevalent with a detection frequency of 4%. Nearly all of the analyzed viruses (except for group C rotavirus) were present in samples from Han River (the Guui region), Geum River (the Hyundo region), Lake Juam, and Nakdong River (the Moolgeum region), while group C rotavirus was detected in those from the Guui region. During the six-year sampling period, the targeted waterborne viruses in water samples exhibited seasonal patterns in their occurrence that were different from the indicator bacteria levels in the water samples. The fact that they were detected in the five representative Korean water environments makes it necessary to establish the chemical and biological analysis systems for waterborne viruses and sophisticated management systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Yil Bahk
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ho Kim
- DK Eco V Environmental Microbiology Lab., Cheonan, 31075, Republic of Korea
| | - Tong-Soo Kim
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jung Park
- Environmental Infrastructure Research Department, Water Supply and Sewerage Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Myeong Kim
- Environmental Infrastructure Research Department, Water Supply and Sewerage Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Jae Rhee
- DK Eco V Environmental Microbiology Lab., Cheonan, 31075, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Seob Lee
- Department of Life Science, Graduate School, Kyonggi University, Suwon, 16227, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Emergence of Human G2P[4] Rotaviruses in the Post-vaccination Era in South Korea: Footprints of Multiple Interspecies Re-assortment Events. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6011. [PMID: 29662148 PMCID: PMC5902508 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24511-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
After the introduction of two global rotavirus vaccines, RotaTeq in 2007 and Rotarix in 2008 in South Korea, G1[P8] rotavirus was the major rotavirus genotype in the country until 2012. However, in this study, an emergence of G2P[4] as the dominant genotype during the 2013 to 2015 season has been reported. Genetic analysis revealed that these viruses had typical DS-1-like genotype constellation and showed evidence of re-assortment in one or more genome segments, including the incorporation of NSP4 genes from strains B-47/2008 from a cow and R4/Haryana/2007 from a buffalo in India, and the VP1 and VP3 genes from strain GO34/1999 from a goat in Bangladesh. Compared to the G2 RotaTeq vaccine strain, 17–24 amino acid changes, specifically A87T, D96N, S213D, and S242N substitutions in G2 epitopes, were observed. These results suggest that multiple interspecies re-assortment events might have contributed to the emergence of G2P[4] rotaviruses in the post-vaccination era in South Korea.
Collapse
|
3
|
Mun SK, Cho HG, Lee HK, Park SH, Park PH, Yoon MH, Jeong HS, Lim YH. High incidence of group A rotaviruses G4P[6] strains among children in Gyeonggi province of South Korea, from 2009 to 2012. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2016; 44:351-355. [PMID: 27480917 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2016.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The genotype distribution of group A rotaviruses (RVAs) circulating in Gyeonggi province, South Korea between 2009 and 2012 was investigated. A total of 2619 stool specimens from sporadic acute gastroenteritis cases and 117 acute gastroenteritis outbreaks were analyzed. Among them, RVAs were detected from 263 (10.0%) sporadic cases and 3 (2.6%) outbreaks. The G4P[6] strains predominated (29.7%), followed by G1P[8] (19.4%), G2P[4] (15.6%), G3P[8] (13.3%) and G9P[8] (6.5%) strain. Especially 96.2% of the genotype G4P[6] strains were isolated from children<1year of age. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that genotype G4P[6] strains were members of sub-lineage Ie(G4) and Ia(P[6]). Intensified monitoring of RVAs, especially G4P[6] strains among young children, is essential to control RVA infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su-Kyoung Mun
- Division of Public Health Research, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Han-Gil Cho
- Division of Public Health Research, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Kyung Lee
- Division of Public Health Research, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Sin-Hee Park
- Division of Public Health Research, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Po-Hyun Park
- Division of Public Health Research, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Mi-Hye Yoon
- Division of Public Health Research, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hye-Sook Jeong
- Division of Vaccine Research, Center for Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea
| | - Young-Hee Lim
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Changing distribution of age, clinical severity, and genotypes of rotavirus gastroenteritis in hospitalized children after the introduction of vaccination: a single center study in Seoul between 2011 and 2014. BMC Infect Dis 2016; 16:287. [PMID: 27296987 PMCID: PMC4906974 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-016-1623-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to explore changes in clinical epidemiology and genotype distribution and their association among hospitalized children with rotavirus gastroenteritis after the introduction of vaccines. Methods Between November 2010 and October 2014, hospitalized children with acute gastroenteritis were enrolled. Rotavirus genotypes were confirmed through reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), semi-nested PCR, and sequencing. Clinical information including vaccination status and the modified Vesikari scores were collected. Results Among 179 children with rotavirus infection, nineteen (10.6 %) were completely vaccinated. During the study period, the number of children between three and 23 months of age decreased significantly compared to the number of children older than 24 months of age (P = 0.010), who showed lower diarrhea severity (duration, P = 0.042; frequency, P = 0.021) but higher vomiting severity (P = 0.007, 0.036) compared to the former. Vaccination status was also significantly associated with lower vomiting severity after adjustment for age (frequency only, P = 0.018). The predominant genotypes were G2P[4] (18.4 %), G1P[8] (14.5 %), and G1P[4]P[8] (12.8 %), and the prevalence of genotypes with uncommon and mixed combinations was more than 50 %. Children infected with G2P[4] strains tended to be older (P = 0.005) and had more severe vomiting (P = 0.018, 0.006) than those with G1P[8]. Conclusions Increase in age of infected, hospitalized children was accompanied by change in clinical severity during 2011–2014 after the introduction of vaccines in Seoul. Clinical severity was also associated with vaccination status and genotype. Long-term large scale studies are needed to document the significance of the increase in genotypes of uncommon and mixed combinations. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12879-016-1623-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
|
5
|
Evidence of multiple reassortment events of feline-to-human rotaviruses based on a rare human G3P[9] rotavirus isolated from a patient with acute gastroenteritis. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2016; 46:53-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
6
|
Kim MJ, Jeong HS, Kim SG, Lee SM, Kim SH, Kee HY, Jo EH, Park HJ, Ha DR, Kim ES, Seo KW, Chung JK. Diversity of rotavirus strain circulated in gwangju, republic of Korea. Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2014; 5:364-9. [PMID: 25562046 PMCID: PMC4281628 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrp.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The introduction of new rotavirus vaccines into the public sphere makes it necessary to maintain constant surveillance and to heighten public awareness of the appearance of new rotavirus strains. We describe the molecular epidemiology of circulating rotavirus strains after vaccine introduction. Methods We collected a total of 1070 stool samples from children with gastroenteritis from January 2013 to June 2013. The antigenic prevalence of rotavirus group A was distinguished using enzyme immunoassay. The G and P genotypes of enzyme immunoassay-positive samples were determined with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and nucleotide sequencing analysis. Results Of the 1070 samples collected, 277 (25.9%) tested positive for rotaviruses by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay. The most prevalent circulating genotype G was G1 (51.3%), followed by G2 (34.7%) and G9 (10.8%). The predominant type of genotype P was P[8] (66.1%), followed by P[4] (31.4%). In this study, nine genotypes were found. G1P[8] was the most prevalent (51.8%), followed by G2P[4] (30.5%), G9P[8] (9.9%), and G2P[8] (4.0%). Several unusual combinations (G1P[4], G3P[9], G3P[8], G4P[6], and G9P[4]) were also identified. Conclusion Molecular epidemiological knowledge of rotaviruses is critical for the development of effective preventive measures, including vaccines. These data will help us monitor the effectiveness of current rotavirus vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Ji Kim
- Microbiology Division, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hye Sook Jeong
- Division of Vaccine Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Seon Gyeong Kim
- Microbiology Division, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Se Mi Lee
- Microbiology Division, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sun Hee Kim
- Microbiology Division, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hye-Young Kee
- Microbiology Division, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Eun-Hye Jo
- Microbiology Division, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hye-Jung Park
- Microbiology Division, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Dong-Ryong Ha
- Microbiology Division, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Eun Sun Kim
- Microbiology Division, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Kye-Won Seo
- Microbiology Division, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jae Keun Chung
- Microbiology Division, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kim JS, Kim HS, Hyun J, Kim HS, Song W, Lee KM, Shin SH. Analysis of rotavirus genotypes in Korea during 2013: an increase in the G2P[4] genotype after the introduction of rotavirus vaccines. Vaccine 2014; 32:6396-402. [PMID: 25312273 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Group A rotavirus is the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis in children worldwide. We investigated G and P genotypes of group A rotavirus strains isolated from patients during 2013 and investigated which genotypes were identified from vaccinated patients. METHODS From January to December 2013, 2235 fecal specimens were tested for rotavirus antigen, of which 374 specimens (16.7%) showed positive results. Strains from 288 rotavirus-positive specimens were genotyped using PCR and sequencing, and individual patients' corresponding vaccine histories were investigated through the Korean Center for Disease Control website. RESULTS G2 (22.6%) and P[4] (24.0%) were the most frequently identified G and P genotypes, respectively; accordingly, G2P[4] (19.8%) was the most prevalent G/P genotype observed in this period. G4P[6] (10.1%) was the second most prevalent G/P genotype and was mostly detected in neonates. Other genotypes, G1P[8], G9P[8], G1P[6], and G3P[6], were also detected. Of 288 rotavirus-positive specimens, 48 specimens were obtained from previously vaccinated patients. G2P[4] was also the genotype most frequently isolated from vaccinated patients. VP7 epitope analysis of G1P[8] and G2P[4] strains showed at least one amino acid differences in comparison with Rotarix and RotaTeq vaccine strains. The genotypic distribution of rotavirus strains in Korea has been shown temporal and geographical differences. CONCLUSION This study showed that G2P[4] was the genotype most frequently isolated from both vaccinated and unvaccinated patients in Korea during 2013. However, it is unclear whether the change of predominant genotype is due to the effect of vaccination or due to natural variation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Seok Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Soo Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jungwon Hyun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Sung Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonkeun Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Man Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Hee Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Review of global rotavirus strain prevalence data from six years post vaccine licensure surveillance: is there evidence of strain selection from vaccine pressure? INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2014; 28:446-61. [PMID: 25224179 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2014.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Comprehensive reviews of pre licensure rotavirus strain prevalence data indicated the global importance of six rotavirus genotypes, G1P[8], G2P[4], G3P[8], G4P[8], G9P[8] and G12P[8]. Since 2006, two vaccines, the monovalent Rotarix (RV1) and the pentavalent RotaTeq (RV5) have been available in over 100 countries worldwide. Of these, 60 countries have already introduced either RV1 or RV5 in their national immunization programs. Post licensure vaccine effectiveness is closely monitored worldwide. This review aimed at describing the global changes in rotavirus strain prevalence over time. The genotype distribution of the nearly 47,000 strains that were characterized during 2007-2012 showed similar picture to that seen in the preceding period. An intriguing finding was the transient predominance of heterotypic strains, mainly in countries using RV1. Unusual and novel antigen combinations continue to emerge, including some causing local outbreaks, even in vaccinated populations. In addition, vaccine strains have been found in both vaccinated infants and their contacts and there is evidence for genetic interaction between vaccine and wild-type strains. In conclusion, the post-vaccine introduction strain prevalence data do not show any consistent pattern indicative of selection pressure resulting from vaccine use, although the increased detection rate of heterotypic G2P[4] strains in some countries following RV1 vaccination is unusual and this issue requires further monitoring.
Collapse
|
9
|
Than VT, Jeong S, Kim W. A systematic review of genetic diversity of human rotavirus circulating in South Korea. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2014; 28:462-9. [PMID: 25218045 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2014.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rotavirus infections continue to be the leading cause of severe diarrhea in young Korean children. Rotavirus data acquired from uninterrupted surveillance studies between 1989 and 2009 in South Korea were analyzed to better understand the genetic diversity and evolution. The relationship between rotaviruses and the currently licensed rotavirus vaccine viruses was also examined. The most prevalent rotavirus strains, with genotype G1P[8], followed by G3P[8], G4P[6], and G2P[4], accounted for approximately 76.7% of the total identified strains, and more recently, rotavirus G9P[8] has significance increased to be the fifth most common genotype. Phylogenetic analyses underscored the heterogeneity between viral populations within each genotype, with different lineages and sub-lineages. Although the currently licensed rotavirus vaccines are effective, safe, and economical, additional data from rotavirus monitoring is necessary to evaluate the efficacy of these vaccines for their sustained use in South Korea. The present study provides comprehensive and up-to-date information regarding the epidemiology, genetic diversity, and evolution of the circulating rotaviruses in South Korea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Van Thai Than
- Department of Microbiology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sunyoung Jeong
- Department of Microbiology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Wonyong Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
The Changes in the Outbreak of Rotavirus Gastroenteritis in Children after Introduction of Rotavirus Vaccines: A Retrospective Study at a Tertiary Hospital. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.14776/kjpid.2014.21.3.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
11
|
Than VT, Kim W. Prevalence of rotavirus genotypes in South Korea in 1989-2009: implications for a nationwide rotavirus vaccine program. KOREAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2013; 56:465-73. [PMID: 24348658 PMCID: PMC3859878 DOI: 10.3345/kjp.2013.56.11.465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The epidemiology of human group A rotavirus was analyzed by examining genotypic data acquired from 1989 to 2009 in South Korea. This information was derived from all the available published articles on rotavirus studies in South Korea, retrieved from both the PubMed and KoreaMed databases. Four common G types (G1, G2, G3, and G4) and three common P types (P[8], P[4], and P[6]) accounted for approximately 93% and 99% of the rotavirus reports, respectively. The G9 type was frequently detected after 2000, and because of this prevalence, it is considered to be the fifth most important G type rotavirus after the G1.G4 genotypes. Less common G types of the virus such as G12, G11, and G10 were detected in some geographic settings, and it is important to consider the context of these subtypes and their epidemiological significance. The P[9] virus genotype was observed in the study and has been discussed in many other studies; however, the P[3], P[10] and P[25] genotypes were rarely detected in the epidemiological research. In general, the distributions of the G and P genotypes showed temporal and geographical fluctuations, and a nationwide rotavirus vaccine program that targeted these genotypes demonstrated effectiveness in protecting against the circulating rotavirus strains. However, further analysis is needed to determine the true long-term effectiveness of these vaccines; the analysis should also consider the unexpected effects of vaccinations, such as vaccine-induced diseases, herd immunity, and changes in host susceptibilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Van Thai Than
- Department of Microbiology, Research Center for Medical Sciences, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wonyong Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Research Center for Medical Sciences, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Whole-genome sequence analysis of a Korean G11P[25] rotavirus strain identifies several porcine-human reassortant events. Arch Virol 2013; 158:2385-93. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-013-1720-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
13
|
Shim JO, Thai Than V, Ryoo E, Lim I, Yoon Y, Kim K, Chung SI, Kim W. Distribution of rotavirus G and P genotypes approximately two years following the introduction of rotavirus vaccines in South Korea. J Med Virol 2013; 85:1307-12. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.23586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jung Ok Shim
- Department of Pediatrics; Korea University Guro Hospital; Seoul; South Korea
| | - Van Thai Than
- Department of Microbiology and Research Center for Medical Sciences; Chung-Ang University College of Medicine; Seoul; South Korea
| | - Eell Ryoo
- Department of Pediatrics; Gachon University of Medicine and Science; Incheon; South Korea
| | - Inseok Lim
- Department of Pediatrics; Chung-Ang University College of Medicine; Seoul; South Korea
| | - Yoosik Yoon
- Department of Microbiology and Research Center for Medical Sciences; Chung-Ang University College of Medicine; Seoul; South Korea
| | - Kijeong Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Research Center for Medical Sciences; Chung-Ang University College of Medicine; Seoul; South Korea
| | - Sang-In Chung
- Department of Microbiology and Research Center for Medical Sciences; Chung-Ang University College of Medicine; Seoul; South Korea
| | - Wonyong Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Research Center for Medical Sciences; Chung-Ang University College of Medicine; Seoul; South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND A substantial number of surveillance studies have documented rotavirus prevalence among children admitted for dehydrating diarrhea. We sought to establish global seasonal patterns of rotavirus disease before the introduction of widespread vaccination. METHODS We reviewed studies of rotavirus detection in children with diarrhea published since 1995. We assessed potential relationships between seasonal prevalence and locality by plotting the average monthly proportion of diarrhea cases positive for rotavirus according to geography, country development and latitude. We used linear regression to identify variables that were potentially associated with the seasonal intensity of rotavirus. RESULTS Among a total of 99 studies representing all 6 geographic regions of the world, patterns of year-round disease were more evident in low- and low-middle income countries compared with upper-middle and high-income countries where disease was more likely to be seasonal. The level of country development was a stronger predictor of strength of seasonality (P = 0.001) than geographic location or climate. However, the observation of distinctly different seasonal patterns of rotavirus disease in some countries with similar geographic location, climate and level of development indicate that a single unifying explanation for variation in seasonality of rotavirus disease is unlikely. CONCLUSION While no unifying explanation emerged for varying rotavirus seasonality globally, the country income level was somewhat more predictive of the likelihood of having seasonal disease than other factors. Future evaluation of the effect of rotavirus vaccination on seasonal patterns of disease in different settings may help understand factors that drive the global seasonality of rotavirus disease.
Collapse
|
15
|
Than VT, Baek IH, Kim W. Whole genomic analysis reveals the co-evolutionary phylodynamics of Korean G9P[8] human rotavirus strains. Arch Virol 2013; 158:1795-803. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-013-1662-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2012] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
16
|
Than VT, Kang H, Lim I, Kim W. Molecular characterization of serotype G9 rotaviruses circulating in South Korea between 2005 and 2010. J Med Virol 2012; 85:171-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.23436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
17
|
Current world literature. Curr Opin Pediatr 2012; 24:134-44. [PMID: 22245849 DOI: 10.1097/mop.0b013e328350498a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
18
|
Shin JW, Le VP, Than VT, Lim I, Yoon Y, Kim K, Chung SI, Myung SC, Kim W. Genomic characterization of a cell-culture-adapted Korean human G9P[8] rotavirus, CAU05-202. Arch Virol 2012; 157:753-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-012-1232-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
19
|
Kawai K, O'Brien MA, Goveia MG, Mast TC, El Khoury AC. Burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis and distribution of rotavirus strains in Asia: a systematic review. Vaccine 2011; 30:1244-54. [PMID: 22212128 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.12.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2011] [Revised: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/19/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rotavirus is the leading cause of severe diarrhea in children worldwide. We systematically reviewed the burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) and distribution of rotavirus strains in Asia. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and the World Health Organization (WHO) website for the term "rotavirus" and the name of each country. We included studies that were conducted in children between 2000 and 2011 and that examined the epidemiology, health and/or economic burden of RVGE, and G and P-type distribution in Eastern, South East, Southern and Central Asia. Random effects models were used to pool the proportions of RVGE. We also estimated child mortality due to RVGE using the updated WHO and United Nations Children's Fund's mortality estimates in 2008. RESULTS The search identified 113 eligible articles. The incidence rates of rotavirus-related hospitalizations in children under 5 years of age ranged from 2.1 to 20.0 cases per 1000 children per year with the highest rates reported in Bangladesh, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam. Rotavirus accounted for 37.5% of year-round hospitalized gastroenteritis cases, with higher proportions reported in South East Asia. Rotavirus was associated with approximately 145,000 deaths every year in Asia, with the greatest numbers occurring in India, Pakistan, and Indonesia. The highest annual societal costs of treating RVGE were reported in China (US$365 million), followed by Japan (US$254 million) and India (US$41-72 million). A diversity of rotavirus G and P-types was observed across Asia and the distribution of strains differed by country and year. The most common strains were G1P[8] (23.6%), G2P[4] (11.8%), G3P[8] (18.9%), and G9P[8] (7.4%). CONCLUSIONS Rotavirus is associated with substantial hospitalizations and deaths among children and causes large healthcare expenditures throughout Asia. Safe and effective rotavirus vaccines could substantially reduce the burden of disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Kawai
- Temple University, School of Pharmacy, 3307N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|