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Francis A, Erridge S, Holvey C, Coomber R, Holden W, Rucker J, Platt M, Sodergren M. Assessment of Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Osteoarthritis: Analysis From the UK Medical Cannabis Registry. J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacother 2024; 38:103-116. [PMID: 38669060 DOI: 10.1080/15360288.2024.2340076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis accounts for 0.6% of disability-adjusted life years globally. There is a paucity of research focused on cannabis-based medicinal products (CBMPs) for osteoarthritic chronic pain management. This study aims to assess changes in validated patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and CBMP clinical safety in patients with osteoarthritis. A prospective case series from the UK Medical Cannabis Registry was analyzed. Primary outcomes were changes in the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ2), EQ-5D-5L, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) questionnaire, and Single-Item Sleep Quality Scale (SQS) at 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups from baseline. Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v.4.0 was used for adverse event (AE) analysis. Statistical significance was defined as p < 0.050. Seventy-seven patients met inclusion criteria. CBMP initiation correlated with BPI pain severity (p = 0.004), pain interference (p = 0.005), and MPQ2 (p = 0.017) improvements at all follow-ups compared to baseline. There were improvements in the EQ-5D-5L index (p = 0.026), SQS (p < 0.001), and GAD-7 (p = 0.038) up to 6 and 3 months, respectively. Seventeen participants (22.08%) recorded 76 mild AEs (34.86%), 104 moderate AEs (47.71%), and 38 severe AEs (17.43%). Though causality cannot be assumed in this observational study, results support development of randomized control trials for osteoarthritis pain management with CBMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Francis
- Medical Cannabis Research Group, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Simon Erridge
- Medical Cannabis Research Group, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Curaleaf Clinic, London, UK
| | | | - Ross Coomber
- Curaleaf Clinic, London, UK
- St. George's Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK
| | | | - James Rucker
- Curaleaf Clinic, London, UK
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Kings College London, London, UK, and South London & Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Mikael Sodergren
- Medical Cannabis Research Group, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Curaleaf Clinic, London, UK
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2
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Dashniani MG, Burjanadze MA, Chkhikvishvili NC, Solomonia RO, Kandashvili M, Naneishvili TL, Beselia GV, Kruashvili LB, Chighladze MR. Modulation of spatial memory and expression of hippocampal neurotransmitter receptors by selective lesion of medial septal cholinergic and GABAergic neurons. Exp Brain Res 2020; 238:2385-2397. [PMID: 32770352 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-020-05889-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The medial septum (MS) is an important modulator of hippocampal function. The degree of damage in which the particular set of septo-hippocampal projections contributes to the deficits of spatial memory with concomitant changes of hippocampal receptors expression has not been studied till present. Therefore, we investigated spatial memory and the expression level of cholinergic (α7 nACh and M1), GABAergic (α1 subunit of GABAA) and glutamatergic (NR2B subunit of NMDA and GluR 1 subunit of AMPA) receptors in the hippocampus following selective lesions of cholinergic and GABAergic septo-hippocampal projection. Learning process and long-term spatial memory were assessed using a Morris water maze. The obtained results revealed that in contrast to cholinergic lesions, rats with MS GABAergic lesions exhibit a retention deficit in 3 days after training. Western blot analyses revealed the MS cholinergic lesions have significant effect on the expression level of the M1 mACh receptors, while MS GABAergic lesions induce dramatic modulations of hippocampal glutamatergic, cholinergic and GABAergic receptors expression. These results for the first time demonstrated that selective lesions of MS cholinergic and GABAergic neurons differentially affect long-term spatial memory and the memory deficit after MS GABAergic lesion is paralleled with significant changes of hippocampal glutamate, GABA and acetylcholine receptors expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manana G Dashniani
- Department of Behavior and Cognitive Function, I. Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, 0160, Tbilisi, Georgia.
| | - Maia A Burjanadze
- Department of Behavior and Cognitive Function, I. Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, 0160, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Nino C Chkhikvishvili
- Department of Behavior and Cognitive Function, I. Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, 0160, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Revaz O Solomonia
- Department of Behavior and Cognitive Function, I. Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, 0160, Tbilisi, Georgia
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Ilia State University, 0162, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Manana Kandashvili
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Ilia State University, 0162, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Temur L Naneishvili
- Department of Behavior and Cognitive Function, I. Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, 0160, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Gela V Beselia
- Department of Behavior and Cognitive Function, I. Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, 0160, Tbilisi, Georgia
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Petre Shotadze Tbilisi Medical Academy, 0144, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Lali B Kruashvili
- Department of Behavior and Cognitive Function, I. Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, 0160, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Mariam R Chighladze
- Department of Behavior and Cognitive Function, I. Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, 0160, Tbilisi, Georgia
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Lu Y, Zhang J, Zhang L, Dang S, Su Q, Zhang H, Lin T, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Sun H, Zhu Z, Li H. Hippocampal Acetylation may Improve Prenatal-Stress-Induced Depression-Like Behavior of Male Offspring Rats Through Regulating AMPARs Expression. Neurochem Res 2017; 42:3456-3464. [PMID: 29019029 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2393-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This study is to determine the role and mechanism of hippocampal acetylation in prenatal stress (PS) induced depression-like behavior of male offspring rats. PS-induced depression rat model was established. Sucrose preference and forced swim test were used to observe the behavior changes of male offspring rats. Hippocampal acetylation was induced by Trichostatin A injection. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot were used to determine the changes of AMPARs in acetylated hippocampus. The behavioral tests proved that AMPA was involved in the PS-induced depression-like behavior in offspring rats. Hippocampal acetylation significantly increased the preference to sucrose of PS-induced offspring rats and reduced the immobile time in forced swimming test, suggesting that acetylation could improve PS-induced depression-like behaviors. In addition, PS inhibited the expression levels of GluA1-3 subunits of AMPARs in the offspring hippocampus, while Hippocampal acetylation could reverse this effect by increasing GluA1-3 expression. PS-induced reduction of GluA1-3 subunits of AMPARs may be an important potential mechanism of offspring depression. Hippocampal acetylation may improve PS-induced offspring depression-like behavior through the enhanced expression of AMPARs (GluA1-3 subunits).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Lu
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Road, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710061, Shanxi, China.,Center Laboratory, Heze Medical College, Heze, 274000, Shandong, China
| | - Junli Zhang
- Shaanxi Province Biomedicine Key Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 North Taibai North Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710069, Shanxi, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Shaanxi Province Biomedicine Key Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 North Taibai North Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710069, Shanxi, China
| | - Shaokang Dang
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Road, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710061, Shanxi, China
| | - Qian Su
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Road, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710061, Shanxi, China
| | - Huiping Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Road, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710061, Shanxi, China
| | - Tianwei Lin
- Shaanxi Province Biomedicine Key Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 North Taibai North Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710069, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhang
- Shaanxi Province Biomedicine Key Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 North Taibai North Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710069, Shanxi, China
| | - Yurong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical College, Xi'an, 710077, Shanxi, China
| | - Hongli Sun
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Road, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710061, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhongliang Zhu
- Shaanxi Province Biomedicine Key Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 North Taibai North Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710069, Shanxi, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Road, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710061, Shanxi, China.
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Santarelli S, Namendorf C, Anderzhanova E, Gerlach T, Bedenk B, Kaltwasser S, Wagner K, Labermaier C, Reichel J, Drgonova J, Czisch M, Uhr M, Schmidt MV. The amino acid transporter SLC6A15 is a regulator of hippocampal neurochemistry and behavior. J Psychiatr Res 2015; 68:261-9. [PMID: 26228428 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Although mental disorders as major depression are highly prevalent worldwide their underlying causes remain elusive. Despite the high heritability of depression and a clear genetic contribution to the disease, the identification of genetic risk factors for depression has been very difficult. The first published candidate to reach genome-wide significance in depression was SLC6A15, a neuronal amino acid transporter. With a reported 1,42 fold increased risk of suffering from depression associated with a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in a regulatory region of SLC6A15, the polymorphism was also found to affect hippocampal morphology, integrity, and hippocampus-dependent memory. However, the function of SLC6A15 in the brain is so far largely unknown. To address this question, we investigated if alterations in SLC6A15 expression, either using a full knockout or a targeted hippocampal overexpression, affect hippocampal neurochemistry and consequently behavior. We could show that a lack of SLC6A15 reduced hippocampal tissue levels of proline and other neutral amino acids. In parallel, we observed a decreased overall availability of tissue glutamate and glutamine, while at the same time the basal tone of extracellular glutamate in the hippocampus was increased. By contrast, SLC6A15 overexpression increased glutamate/glutamine tissue concentrations. These neurochemical alterations could be linked to behavioral abnormalities in sensorimotor gating, a key translational endophenotype relevant for many psychiatric disorders. Overall, our data supports SLC6A15 as a crucial factor controlling amino acid content in the hippocampus, thereby likely interfering with glutamatergic transmission and behavior. These findings emphasize SLC6A15 as pivotal risk factor for vulnerability to psychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Santarelli
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany.
| | - Christian Namendorf
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Elmira Anderzhanova
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Tamara Gerlach
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Benedikt Bedenk
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kaltwasser
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Wagner
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Christiana Labermaier
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Judith Reichel
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Michael Czisch
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Manfred Uhr
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Mathias V Schmidt
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
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5
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La Porta C, Bura SA, Negrete R, Maldonado R. Involvement of the endocannabinoid system in osteoarthritis pain. Eur J Neurosci 2014; 39:485-500. [PMID: 24494687 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.12468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease associated with articular cartilage degradation. The major clinical outcome of osteoarthritis is a complex pain state that includes both nociceptive and neuropathic mechanisms. Currently, the therapeutic approaches for osteoarthritis are limited as no drugs are available to control the disease progression and the analgesic treatment has restricted efficacy. Increasing evidence from preclinical studies supports the interest of the endocannabinoid system as an emerging therapeutic target for osteoarthritis pain. Indeed, pharmacological studies have shown the anti-nociceptive effects of cannabinoids in different rodent models of osteoarthritis, and compelling evidence suggests an active participation of the endocannabinoid system in the pathophysiology of this disease. The ubiquitous distribution of cannabinoid receptors, together with the physiological role of the endocannabinoid system in the regulation of pain, inflammation and even joint function further support the therapeutic interest of cannabinoids for osteoarthritis. However, limited clinical evidence has been provided to support this therapeutic use of cannabinoids, despite the promising preclinical data. This review summarizes the promising results that have been recently obtained in support of the therapeutic value of cannabinoids for osteoarthritis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen La Porta
- Laboratori de Neurofarmacologia, Facultat de Ciències de la Salut i de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, C/Dr. Aiguader, 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
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6
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Targeting microglial K(ATP) channels to treat neurodegenerative diseases: a mitochondrial issue. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2013; 2013:194546. [PMID: 23844272 PMCID: PMC3697773 DOI: 10.1155/2013/194546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Revised: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegeneration is a complex process involving different cell types and neurotransmitters. A common characteristic of neurodegenerative disorders is the occurrence of a neuroinflammatory reaction in which cellular processes involving glial cells, mainly microglia and astrocytes, are activated in response to neuronal death. Microglia do not constitute a unique cell population but rather present a range of phenotypes closely related to the evolution of neurodegeneration. In a dynamic equilibrium with the lesion microenvironment, microglia phenotypes cover from a proinflammatory activation state to a neurotrophic one directly involved in cell repair and extracellular matrix remodeling. At each moment, the microglial phenotype is likely to depend on the diversity of signals from the environment and of its response capacity. As a consequence, microglia present a high energy demand, for which the mitochondria activity determines the microglia participation in the neurodegenerative process. As such, modulation of microglia activity by controlling microglia mitochondrial activity constitutes an innovative approach to interfere in the neurodegenerative process. In this review, we discuss the mitochondrial KATP channel as a new target to control microglia activity, avoid its toxic phenotype, and facilitate a positive disease outcome.
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7
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Paula-Lima AC, Brito-Moreira J, Ferreira ST. Deregulation of excitatory neurotransmission underlying synapse failure in Alzheimer's disease. J Neurochem 2013; 126:191-202. [PMID: 23668663 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.12304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Revised: 05/09/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in the elderly. Memory loss in AD is increasingly attributed to soluble oligomers of the amyloid-β peptide (AβOs), toxins that accumulate in AD brains and target particular synapses. Glutamate receptors appear to be centrally involved in synaptic targeting by AβOs. Once bound to neurons, AβOs dysregulate the activity and reduce the surface expression of both N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and 2-amino-3-(3-hydroxy-5-methyl-isoxazol-4-yl)propanoic acid (AMPA) types of glutamate receptors, impairing signaling pathways involved in synaptic plasticity. In the extracellular milieu, AβOs promote accumulation of the excitatory amino acids, glutamate and D-serine. This leads to overactivation of glutamate receptors, triggering abnormal calcium signals with noxious impacts on neurons. Here, we review key findings linking AβOs to deregulated glutamate neurotransmission and implicating this as a primary mechanism of synapse failure in AD. We also discuss strategies to counteract the impact of AβOs on excitatory neurotransmission. In particular, we review evidence showing that inducing neuronal hyperpolarization via activation of inhibitory GABA(A) receptors prevents AβO-induced excitotoxicity, suggesting that this could comprise a possible therapeutic approach in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea C Paula-Lima
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Lemos RR, Ferreira J, Keasey MP, Oliveira JR. An Update on Primary Familial Brain Calcification. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2013; 110:349-71. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-410502-7.00015-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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9
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Ortega FJ, Gimeno-Bayon J, Espinosa-Parrilla JF, Carrasco JL, Batlle M, Pugliese M, Mahy N, Rodríguez MJ. ATP-dependent potassium channel blockade strengthens microglial neuroprotection after hypoxia-ischemia in rats. Exp Neurol 2012; 235:282-96. [PMID: 22387180 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2012.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Revised: 01/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Stroke causes CNS injury associated with strong fast microglial activation as part of the inflammatory response. In rat models of stroke, sulphonylurea receptor blockade with glibenclamide reduced cerebral edema and infarct volume. We postulated that glibenclamide administered during the early stages of stroke might foster neuroprotective microglial activity through ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channel blockade. We found in vitro that BV2 cell line showed upregulated expression of K(ATP) channel subunits in response to pro-inflammatory signals and that glibenclamide increases the reactive morphology of microglia, phagocytic capacity and TNFα release. Moreover, glibenclamide administered to rats 6, 12 and 24h after transient Middle Cerebral Artery occlusion improved neurological outcome and preserved neurons in the lesioned core three days after reperfusion. Immunohistochemistry with specific markers to neuron, astroglia, microglia and lymphocytes showed that resident amoeboid microglia are the main cell population in that necrotic zone. These reactive microglial cells express SUR1, SUR2B and Kir6.2 proteins that assemble in functional K(ATP) channels. These findings provide that evidence for the key role of K(ATP) channels in the control of microglial reactivity are consistent with a microglial effect of glibenclamide into the ischemic brain and suggest a neuroprotective role of microglia in the early stages of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Ortega
- Unitat de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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10
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Amino acid tissue levels and GABAA receptor binding in the developing rat cerebellum following status epilepticus. Brain Res 2012; 1439:82-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2011.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2011] [Revised: 12/09/2011] [Accepted: 12/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Rodríguez MJ, Prats A, Malpesa Y, Andrés N, Pugliese M, Batlle M, Mahy N. Pattern of Injury with a Graded Excitotoxic Insult and Ensuing Chronic Medial Septal Damage in the Rat Brain. J Neurotrauma 2009; 26:1823-34. [DOI: 10.1089/neu.2008.0553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel J. Rodríguez
- Unitat de Bioquímica, Ginecologia, Pedriatria, Radiologia i Medicina Funcional, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Facultat de Medicina. Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Prats
- Departament d'Obstetrícia, Ginecologia, Pedriatria, Radiologia i Medicina Funcional, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Facultat de Medicina. Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yolanda Malpesa
- Unitat de Bioquímica, Ginecologia, Pedriatria, Radiologia i Medicina Funcional, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Facultat de Medicina. Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Noemí Andrés
- Unitat de Bioquímica, Ginecologia, Pedriatria, Radiologia i Medicina Funcional, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Facultat de Medicina. Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marco Pugliese
- Unitat de Bioquímica, Ginecologia, Pedriatria, Radiologia i Medicina Funcional, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Facultat de Medicina. Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Batlle
- Unitat de Bioquímica, Ginecologia, Pedriatria, Radiologia i Medicina Funcional, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Facultat de Medicina. Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nicole Mahy
- Unitat de Bioquímica, Ginecologia, Pedriatria, Radiologia i Medicina Funcional, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Facultat de Medicina. Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Hou S, Duale H, Cameron AA, Abshire SM, Lyttle TS, Rabchevsky AG. Plasticity of lumbosacral propriospinal neurons is associated with the development of autonomic dysreflexia after thoracic spinal cord transection. J Comp Neurol 2008; 509:382-99. [PMID: 18512692 PMCID: PMC2536612 DOI: 10.1002/cne.21771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Complete thoracic (T) spinal cord injury (SCI) above the T6 level typically results in autonomic dysreflexia, an abnormal hypertensive condition commonly triggered by nociceptive stimuli below the level of SCI. Overexpression of nerve growth factor in the lumbosacral spinal cord induces profuse sprouting of nociceptive pelvic visceral afferent fibers that correlates with increased hypertension in response to noxious colorectal distension. After complete T4 SCI, we evaluated the plasticity of propriospinal neurons conveying visceral input rostrally to thoracic sympathetic preganglionic neurons. The anterograde tracer biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) was injected into the lumbosacral dorsal gray commissure (DGC) of injured/nontransected rats immediately after injury (acute) or 2 weeks later (delayed). At 1 or 2 weeks after delayed or acute injections, respectively, a higher density (P < 0.05) of BDA(+) fibers was found in thoracic dorsal gray matter of injured vs. nontransected spinal cords. For corroboration, fast blue (FB) or cholera toxin subunit beta (CTb) was injected into the T9 dorsal horns 2 weeks postinjury/nontransection. After 1 week transport, more retrogradely labeled (P < 0.05) DGC propriospinal neurons (T13-S1) were quantified in injured vs. nontransected cords. We also monitored immediate early gene c-fos expression following colorectal distension and found increased (P < 0.01) c-Fos(+) cell numbers throughout the DGC after injury. Collectively, these results imply that, in conjunction with local primary afferent fiber plasticity, injury-induced sprouting of DGC neurons may be a key constituent in relaying visceral sensory input to sympathetic preganglionic neurons that elicit autonomic dysreflexia after high thoracic SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoping Hou
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536−0509
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536−0509
| | - Hanad Duale
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536−0509
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536−0509
| | - Adrian A. Cameron
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536−0509
| | - Sarah M. Abshire
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536−0509
| | - Travis S. Lyttle
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536−0509
| | - Alexander G. Rabchevsky
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536−0509
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536−0509
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Diaz-Ruiz A, Salgado-Ceballos H, Montes S, Maldonado V, Tristan L, Alcaraz-Zubeldia M, Ríos C. Acute alterations of glutamate, glutamine, GABA, and other amino acids after spinal cord contusion in rats. Neurochem Res 2006; 32:57-63. [PMID: 17160506 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-006-9225-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2006] [Accepted: 11/06/2006] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to an alteration of energetic metabolism. As a consequence, glutamate, glutamine, aspartate and other important amino acids are altered after damage, leading to important disregulation of the neurochemical pathways. In the present study, we characterized the acute-phase changes in tissue concentration of amino acids involved in neurotransmitter and non-neurotransmitter actions after SCI by contusion in rats. Animals were submitted to either laminectomy or SCI by contusion and sacrificed at 2, 4, 8, and 12 h after lesion, for the analysis of tissue amino acids by HPLC. Results showed that both aspartate and glutamate contents diminished after SCI, while glutamine concentrations raised, however, the sum of molar concentrations of glutamate plus glutamine remained unchanged at all time points. GABA concentrations increased versus control group, while glycine remained unchanged. Finally, citrulline levels increased by effect of SCI, while taurine-increased only 4 h after lesion. Results indicate complex acute-phase changes in amino acids concentrations after SCI, reflecting the different damaging processes unchained after lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Araceli Diaz-Ruiz
- Departamento de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suarez, Ave. Insurgentes Sur No. 3877, Mexico City, DF 14269, Mexico
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