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Effect of high pressure processing, allyl isothiocyanate, and acetic acid stresses on Salmonella survivals, storage, and appearance color in raw ground chicken meat. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Gad AH, Abo-Shama UH, Harclerode KK, Fakhr MK. Prevalence, Serotyping, Molecular Typing, and Antimicrobial Resistance of Salmonella Isolated From Conventional and Organic Retail Ground Poultry. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2653. [PMID: 30455678 PMCID: PMC6230656 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Ground poultry is marketed as a healthier alternative to ground beef despite the fact that poultry is a major source of foodborne Salmonella. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of Salmonella in Oklahoma retail ground poultry and to characterize representative isolates by serotyping, antimicrobial resistance, PFGE patterns, and large plasmid profiling. A total of 199 retail ground poultry samples (150 ground turkey and 49 ground chicken) were investigated. The overall prevalence of Salmonella in ground poultry was 41% (82/199), and the incidence in conventional samples (47%, 66/141) was higher than in organic samples (27%, 16/58). The prevalence of Salmonella in organic ground chicken and organic ground turkey was 33% (3/9) and 26% (13/49), respectively. Twenty six Salmonella isolates (19 conventional and 7 organic) were chosen for further characterization. The following six serotypes and number of isolates per serotype were identified as follows: Tennessee, 8; Saintpaul, 4; Senftenberg, 4; Anatum, 4 (one was Anatum_var._15+); Ouakam, 3; and Enteritidis, 3. Resistance to 16 tested antimicrobials was as follows: gentamycin, 100% (26/26); ceftiofur, 100% (26/26); amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, 96% (25/26); streptomycin, 92% (24/26); kanamycin, 88% (23/26); ampicillin, 85% (22/26); cephalothin, 81% (21/26); tetracycline, 35% (9/26); sulfisoxazole, 27% (7/26); nalidixic acid, 15% (4/26); and cefoxitin, 15% (4/26). All isolates were susceptible to amikacin, chloramphenicol, ceftriaxone, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. All screened isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR) and showed resistance to 4-10 antimicrobials; isolates from organic sources showed resistance to 5-7 antimicrobials. PFGE was successful in clustering the Salmonella isolates into distinct clusters that each represented one serotype. PFGE was also used to investigate the presence of large plasmids using S1 nuclease digestion. A total of 8/26 (31%) Salmonella isolates contained a ∼100 Kb plasmid that was present in all Anatum and Ouakam isolates. In conclusion, the presence of multidrug resistant Salmonella with various serotypes, PFGE profiles, and large plasmids in ground poultry stresses the importance of seeking novel interventions to reduce the risk of this foodborne pathogen. Multidrug resistance (MDR) is considered a high additional risk and continued surveillance at the retail level could minimize the risk for the consumer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H. Gad
- Department of Biological Science, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, United States
| | - Usama H. Abo-Shama
- Department of Biological Science, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, United States
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed K. Fakhr
- Department of Biological Science, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, United States
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Almeida C, Cerqueira L, Azevedo NF, Vieira MJ. Detection of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis using real time PCR, immunocapture assay, PNA FISH and standard culture methods in different types of food samples. Int J Food Microbiol 2012; 161:16-22. [PMID: 23246608 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2012.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2012] [Revised: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 11/17/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Several methods for the rapid and specific detection of Salmonella in food samples have been described. Here, we compare 4 of those methods in terms of assay time, procedure complexity, detection limit, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy. Milk, eggs and mayonnaise samples were artificially contaminated with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis cell concentrations ranging from 1×10(-2) to 1×10(2) CFU per 25 g or ml of food. Samples were then pre-enriched and analyzed by either: i) real-time PCR, using the iQ-Check Salmonella kit; ii) immunocapture, using the RapidChek SELECT Salmonella; iii) a peptide nucleic acid fluorescence in situ hybridization (PNA FISH) method and iv) the traditional bacteriological method ISO 6579:2002. All methods were able to detect Salmonella in the different types of food matrixes and presented a similar detection level of 1CFU per 25 g or ml of food sample. The immunocapture and the PNA FISH methods proved to be very reliable, as their results were 100% in agreement with the ISO method. However, real-time PCR presented a significant number of false positives, which resulted in a specificity of 55.6% (CI 95%, 31.3-77.6) and an accuracy of 82.2% (CI 95%, 63.2-91.4) for this method. Sensitivity was 100% since no false negative results were observed. In conclusion, the implementation of these molecular techniques, mainly the immunocapture and PNA-FISH methods, provides a reliable and less time-consuming alternative for the detection of Salmonella spp. in food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Almeida
- IBB, Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
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Temelli S, Eyigor A, Carli KT. Salmonella detection in poultry meat and meat products by the Vitek immunodiagnostic assay system easy Salmonella method, a LightCycler polymerase chain reaction system, and the International Organization for Standardization method 6579. Poult Sci 2012; 91:724-31. [PMID: 22334749 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2011-01863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the capability of the Vitek immunodiagnostic assay system easy Salmonella (VIDAS ESLM) method and a specific real-time PCR system (LightCycler, LCPCR) to complement the International Organization for Standardization Method 6579 (ISO) in detecting Salmonella from a total of 105 naturally contaminated samples comprised of poultry meat and poultry meat products. The detection limit of ISO and LCPCR was 9 cfu/mL for both poultry meat and poultry meat products, whereas that of VIDAS ESLM with both sample types was determined to be 90 cfu/mL. Twelve (33.33%), 11 (30.55%), and 18 (50.00%) out of 36 poultry meat samples were positive for Salmonella by ISO, VIDAS ESLM, and LCPCR, respectively. Salmonella detection rates from poultry meat products were 5.80% for ISO and 8.69% for LCPCR, whereas none of these products tested positive by VIDAS ESLM. In poultry meat samples, VIDAS ESLM and LCPCR detection results were in substantial agreement with ISO, with the relative accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity rates of 97.2, 91.7, and 100%, respectively, for VIDAS ESLM and 83.3, 100, and 75%, respectively, for LCPCR. This is the first report on the evaluation of both VIDAS ESLM and LCPCR to complement ISO for the rapid detection of Salmonella in poultry meat and meat products. We determined that both VIDAS ESLM and LCPCR have the potential to complement the ISO standard culture method in the rapid screening of Salmonella from naturally contaminated poultry meats. For the poultry meat products, VIDAS ESLM and LCPCR can be used for rapid primary screening, and they should be complemented absolutely by ISO. Although LCPCR can preferentially be used for initial screening poultry meat products, the results should definitely be confirmed by ISO. Also, the VIDAS ESLM did not seem to be a suitable method for detecting Salmonella in poultry meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Temelli
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Uludag University, Gorukle Campus, 16059, Bursa, Turkey
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5
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Cheung PY, Kam KM. Salmonella in food surveillance: PCR, immunoassays, and other rapid detection and quantification methods. Food Res Int 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2011.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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6
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Buyukcangaz E, Sen A, Carli KT, Kahya S. Comparison of direct culture versus PCR for the detection of Brucella
in aborted fetuses of cattle and sheep in Turkey. Vet Rec 2011; 168:430. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.c7003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Buyukcangaz
- Department of Microbiology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Uludag University, Gorukle; Bursa 16059 Turkey
| | - A. Sen
- Department of Microbiology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Uludag University, Gorukle; Bursa 16059 Turkey
| | - K. T. Carli
- Department of Microbiology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Uludag University, Gorukle; Bursa 16059 Turkey
| | - S. Kahya
- Department of Microbiology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Uludag University, Gorukle; Bursa 16059 Turkey
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McCabe EM, Burgess CM, Walsh D, O'Regan E, McGuinness S, Barry T, Fanning S, Duffy G. Validation of DNA and RNA real-time assays for food analysis using the hilA gene of Salmonella enterica serovars. J Microbiol Methods 2011; 84:19-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2010.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2010] [Revised: 09/24/2010] [Accepted: 10/06/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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8
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McCabe EM, Burgess CM, O'Regan E, McGuinness S, Barry T, Fanning S, Duffy G. Development and evaluation of DNA and RNA real-time assays for food analysis using the hilA gene of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica. Food Microbiol 2010; 28:447-56. [PMID: 21356450 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2010.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Revised: 10/11/2010] [Accepted: 10/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was the development of DNA and RNA real-time PCR methods for detection of food-borne Salmonella sp. as rapid alternatives to the traditional cultural method (ISO 6579, 2004) in fresh meat carcasses and processed meat samples. These PCR methods were based on the hilA sequence, with primers and hybridisation probes designed against this gene target. The primers and probes were evaluated for their efficiency and dynamic range and subsequently the specificity of the assay was tested using 106 Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica strains and 30 non-salmonellae strains. An internal amplification control (IAC) was also developed for incorporation. The optimum copy number of IAC was determined to be 500 copies per reaction. A complementary enrichment protocol was adapted from the existing standard ISO 6579:2004 and consisted of enrichment in Buffered Peptone Water (BPW) 22 ± 2 h and a second selective enrichment for 6 h in Rappaport Vassiliadis with Soya (RVS). The DNA and RNA-based real-time PCR protocols, were applied to meat samples inoculated with Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica strains, including swabs from meat carcasses and minced beef samples which were heat treated or frozen. The developed methods have the potential as useful alternatives to the standard ISO 6579:2004 method for the detection of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica on carcass swabs and raw meat using hilA as a target. The DNA assay is a useful tool for the screening of meat samples in the abattoir within 3 days of slaughter or in a food production process and the RNA-based assay has the potential to detect viable Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica in ready-to-eat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evonne M McCabe
- Food Safety Department, Ashtown Food Research Centre, Teagasc, Ashtown, Dublin 15, Ireland.
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Eyigor A, Temelli S, Carli KT. Evaluation of ISO 6579 and FDA-BAM Methods to Complement Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Detection of Salmonella in Naturally Contaminated Poultry Meat and Red Meat. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2010; 7:921-7. [DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2009.0497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aysegul Eyigor
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Seran Temelli
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Kamil Tayfun Carli
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
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Almeida C, Azevedo NF, Fernandes RM, Keevil CW, Vieira MJ. Fluorescence in situ hybridization method using a peptide nucleic acid probe for identification of Salmonella spp. in a broad spectrum of samples. Appl Environ Microbiol 2010; 76:4476-85. [PMID: 20453122 PMCID: PMC2897454 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01678-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2009] [Accepted: 10/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method for the rapid detection of Salmonella spp. using a novel peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probe was developed. The probe theoretical specificity and sensitivity were both 100%. The PNA-FISH method was optimized, and laboratory testing on representative strains from the Salmonella genus subspecies and several related bacterial species confirmed the predicted theoretical values of specificity and sensitivity. The PNA-FISH method has been successfully adapted to detect cells in suspension and is hence able to be employed for the detection of this bacterium in blood, feces, water, and powdered infant formula (PIF). The blood and PIF samples were artificially contaminated with decreasing pathogen concentrations. After the use of an enrichment step, the PNA-FISH method was able to detect 1 CFU per 10 ml of blood (5 x 10(9) +/- 5 x 10(8) CFU/ml after an overnight enrichment step) and also 1 CFU per 10 g of PIF (2 x 10(7) +/- 5 x 10(6) CFU/ml after an 8-h enrichment step). The feces and water samples were also enriched according to the corresponding International Organization for Standardization methods, and results showed that the PNA-FISH method was able to detect Salmonella immediately after the first enrichment step was conducted. Moreover, the probe was able to discriminate the bacterium in a mixed microbial population in feces and water by counter-staining with 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). This new method is applicable to a broad spectrum of samples and takes less than 20 h to obtain a diagnosis, except for PIF samples, where the analysis takes less than 12 h. This procedure may be used for food processing and municipal water control and also in clinical settings, representing an improved alternative to culture-based techniques and to the existing Salmonella PNA probe, Sal23S10, which presents a lower specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Almeida
- Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar 4710-057, Braga, Portugal, Environmental Healthcare Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Bassett Crescent East SO16 7PX, Southampton, United Kingdom, LEPAE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - N. F. Azevedo
- Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar 4710-057, Braga, Portugal, Environmental Healthcare Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Bassett Crescent East SO16 7PX, Southampton, United Kingdom, LEPAE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - R. M. Fernandes
- Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar 4710-057, Braga, Portugal, Environmental Healthcare Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Bassett Crescent East SO16 7PX, Southampton, United Kingdom, LEPAE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - C. W. Keevil
- Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar 4710-057, Braga, Portugal, Environmental Healthcare Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Bassett Crescent East SO16 7PX, Southampton, United Kingdom, LEPAE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - M. J. Vieira
- Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar 4710-057, Braga, Portugal, Environmental Healthcare Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Bassett Crescent East SO16 7PX, Southampton, United Kingdom, LEPAE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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11
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Iseri O, Erol I. Incidence and antibiotic resistance ofSalmonellaspp. in ground turkey meat. Br Poult Sci 2010; 51:60-6. [DOI: 10.1080/00071660903395379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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McCarthy N, Reen FJ, Buckley JF, Frye JG, Boyd EF, Gilroy D. Sensitive and rapid molecular detection assays for Salmonella enterica serovars Typhimurium and Heidelberg. J Food Prot 2009; 72:2350-7. [PMID: 19903399 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-72.11.2350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Salmonella enterica is a significant cause of gastroenteritis worldwide, with serovars Typhimurium and Heidelberg being particularly prevalent, which have broad host ranges infecting poultry, dairy animals, and humans. Traditional methods used for the detection of Salmonella from contaminated food products are time-consuming and labor-intensive. The aim of this study was to develop a sensitive and rapid PCR-based detection method with optimized specificity for high-throughput screening of food and clinical samples. We used bioinformatics to identify potential serovar-specific regions from the available S. enterica sequenced genomes. We designed primer pairs to targeted regions unique to Typhimurium and Heidelberg. A primer pair targeting a putative cytoplasmic protein STM4492 amplified a 759-bp product specific to Typhimurium, and a primer pair targeting a putative inner membrane protein STM2745 amplified a 199-bp product from both Typhimurium and Heidelberg. A primer pair for the oriC locus was used to identify all Salmonella. We screened 217 isolates including the Salmonella reference collections A and B, validating the specificity of each primer set. Next, a multiplex PCR (mPCR) assay and quantitative real-time PCR assay were optimized for identification and differentiation of Typhimurium and Heidelberg. An mPCR assay was developed and successfully detected S. enterica isolates from inoculated Cheddar cheese, raw turkey, and cooked turkey at concentrations as low as 1 CFU/g of food. The reaction conditions for this mPCR have significantly reduced the time needed to identify S. enterica Typhimurium and Heidelberg, making this a rapid selective tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelle McCarthy
- Department of Microbiology, University College, Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
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Cheng CY, Chi JR, Lin SR, Chou CC, Huang CC. Rapid quantification of Salmonella typhimurium inoculated to meat products by real-time PCR. Acta Vet Hung 2009; 57:25-38. [PMID: 19457771 DOI: 10.1556/avet.57.2009.1.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to use a 5'-nuclease (TaqMan) real-time PCR method with primers and probe specific to the spaQ gene as a rapid approach to quantitatively determine Salmonella Typhimurium. The result showed that the correlation coefficient between real-time PCR estimates and bovine serum albumin (BSA) plate counts of S. Typhimurium was 0.99, independently of 10(5)-fold numbers of bystander Escherichia coli O157:H7 or total viable counts. The sensitivity of the real-time quantitative PCR assay was 10 CFU/mL for pure S. Typhimurium culture without enrichment. A known number of S. Typhimurium target cells were inoculated to dumpling fillings and chicken nuggets and DNA was extracted for real-time PCR analysis. The sensitivity was 60 CFU/g for S. Typhimurium inoculated to the food samples without any preceding procedure of enrichment. The duration of the entire experiment from DNA isolation and purification to PCR amplification was less than 12 h. This study demonstrated that real-time PCR is a rapid and reliable technique for quantifying S. Typhimurium possessing the spaQ gene in pure culture and in meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Yang Cheng
- 1 Food Industry and Research Development Institute P.O. Box 246 Hsinchu 30062 Taiwan, R. O. C
| | - Jing-Ruei Chi
- 1 Food Industry and Research Development Institute P.O. Box 246 Hsinchu 30062 Taiwan, R. O. C
| | - Sin-Rong Lin
- 1 Food Industry and Research Development Institute P.O. Box 246 Hsinchu 30062 Taiwan, R. O. C
| | - Chi-Chiang Chou
- 1 Food Industry and Research Development Institute P.O. Box 246 Hsinchu 30062 Taiwan, R. O. C
| | - Chin-Cheng Huang
- 1 Food Industry and Research Development Institute P.O. Box 246 Hsinchu 30062 Taiwan, R. O. C
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Eijkelkamp JM, Aarts HJM, van der Fels-Klerx HJ. Suitability of Rapid Detection Methods for Salmonella in Poultry Slaughterhouses. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-008-9040-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Nde CW, Fakhr MK, Doetkott C, Logue CM. An evaluation of conventional culture, invA PCR, and the real-time PCR iQ-Check kit as detection tools for Salmonella in naturally contaminated premarket and retail turkey. J Food Prot 2008; 71:386-91. [PMID: 18326192 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-71.2.386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed at comparing the ability of conventional culture, the iQ-Check real-time PCR kit, and invA PCR to detect Salmonella in naturally contaminated premarket and retail turkey parts. Premarket (n = 120) turkey parts collected from a commercial turkey processing plant, and retail turkey parts (n = 138) were examined. Both PCR methods detected a significantly greater (P < 0.05) number of positive samples when compared with the conventional culture method for the premarket turkey parts. The indices of total agreement between the conventional culture method and the iQ-Check kit for the premarket and retail parts were 79.2% (95% CI: 70.8, 86) and 90.6% (95% CI: 84.4, 94.9), respectively. When the conventional culture method was compared with invA PCR for Salmonella detection in the premarket and retail parts, the indices of total agreement were 75.8% (95% CI: 67.2, 83.2) and 84.1% (95% CI: 76.9, 89.7), respectively. The rates of false positives (premarket: 31.9%, retail: 9.7%) and false negatives (premarket: 5.9%, retail: 9.7%) were determined between the culture method and the iQ-Check kit. When invA PCR was compared with the culture method, the rates of false positives (premarket: 37.7%, retail: 11.1%) and false negatives (premarket: 5.9%, retail: 18.3%) were obtained. The higher total agreement and the lower rates of both false positives and false negatives for the iQ-Check kit compared with invA PCR for both premarket and retail turkey parts corroborates the use of the iQ-Check kit as a screening tool for Salmonella in poultry meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal W Nde
- The Great Plains Institute of Food Safety, Department of Veterinary and Microbiological Sciences, 1523 Centennial Boulevard, 130A Van Es Hall, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105, USA
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Logue CM, Nde CW. SalmonellaContamination of Turkey from Processing to Final Product—A Process to Product Perspective. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2007; 4:491-504. [DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2007.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M. Logue
- Department of Veterinary and Microbiological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota
| | - Chantal W. Nde
- Department of Veterinary and Microbiological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota
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