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Wu Y, Yang J, Xu C, Li Q, Ma Y, Zhao S, Zhuang J, Shen F, Wang Q, Feng F, Zhang X. Sea cucumber ( Acaudina leucoprocta) peptides extended the lifespan and enhanced antioxidant capacity via DAF-16/DAF-2/SOD-3/OLD-1/PEPT-1 in Caenorhabditis elegans. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1065145. [PMID: 36483922 PMCID: PMC9723373 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1065145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The sea cucumber peptides (SCPs) from Acaudina leucoprocta were derived from the patented bio-enzyme digestion technology and the molecular weight of obtained SCPs was < 10 kDa. In this study, we investigated the possible anti-aging effects of SCPs on the model of Caenorhabditis elegans and the underlying mechanisms. SCPs extend the average lifespan of nematodes by 31.46%. SCPs enhance the anti-stress capacity of C. elegans by improving heat resistance and mobility, Also, the accumulated potential oxidative stress inducers like lipofuscin and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were reduced to 40.84 and 71.43%. In addition, SCPs can increase the antioxidant capacity in nematodes by enhancing the activity of SOD and CAT and reducing MDA accumulation in nematodes to 32.44%. Mechanistically, SCPs could mediate DAF-16/DAF-2/SOD-3/OLD-1/PEPT-1 axis to improve antioxidant capacity and extend lifespan in nematodes. Taken together, these findings provide a direction for the anti-aging effects of sea cucumber peptides and new insights into the further purifications of SCPs and future research on aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Jingjuan Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Chengmei Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Qiuqi Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yage Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Shenglan Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Jiachen Zhuang
- School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Shen
- School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fengqin Feng
- School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
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2
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Deciphering Differential Life Stage Radioinduced Reproductive Decline in Caenorhabditis elegans through Lipid Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910277. [PMID: 34638618 PMCID: PMC8508812 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Wildlife is chronically exposed to various sources of ionizing radiations, both environmental or anthropic, due to nuclear energy use, which can induce several defects in organisms. In invertebrates, reproduction, which directly impacts population dynamics, has been found to be the most radiosensitive endpoint. Understanding the underlying molecular pathways inducing this reproduction decrease can help in predicting the effects at larger scales (i.e., population). In this study, we used a life stage dependent approach in order to better understand the molecular determinants of reproduction decrease in the roundworm C. elegans. Worms were chronically exposed to 50 mGy·h−1 external gamma ionizing radiations throughout different developmental periods (namely embryogenesis, gametogenesis, and full development). Then, in addition to reproduction parameters, we performed a wide analysis of lipids (different class and fatty acid via FAMES), which are both important signaling molecules for reproduction and molecular targets of oxidative stress. Our results showed that reproductive defects are life stage dependent, that lipids are differently misregulated according to the considered exposure (e.g., upon embryogenesis and full development) and do not fully explain radiation induced reproductive defects. Finally, our results enable us to propose a conceptual model of lipid signaling after radiation stress in which both the soma and the germline participate.
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Haçariz O, Viau C, Karimian F, Xia J. The symbiotic relationship between Caenorhabditis elegans and members of its microbiome contributes to worm fitness and lifespan extension. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:364. [PMID: 34011272 PMCID: PMC8136213 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07695-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A healthy microbiome influences host physiology through a mutualistic relationship, which can be important for the host to cope with cellular stress by promoting fitness and survival. The mammalian microbiome is highly complex and attributing host phenotypes to a specific member of the microbiome can be difficult. The model organism Caenorhabditis elegans and its native microbiome, discovered recently, can serve as a more tractable, experimental model system to study host-microbiome interactions. In this study, we investigated whether certain members of C. elegans native microbiome would offer a benefit to their host and putative molecular mechanisms using a combination of phenotype screening, omics profiling and functional validation. Results A total of 16 members of C. elegans microbiome were screened under chemically-induced toxicity. Worms grown with Chryseobacterium sp. CHNTR56 MYb120 or Comamonas sp. 12022 MYb131, were most resistant to oxidative chemical stress (SiO2 nanoparticles and juglone), as measured by progeny output. Further investigation showed that Chryseobacterium sp. CHNTR56 positively influenced the worm’s lifespan, whereas the combination of both isolates had a synergistic effect. RNAseq analysis of young adult worms, grown with either isolate, revealed the enrichment of cellular detoxification mechanisms (glutathione metabolism, drug metabolism and metabolism of xenobiotics) and signaling pathways (TGF-beta and Wnt signaling pathways). Upregulation of cysteine synthases (cysl genes) in the worms, associated with glutathione metabolism, was also observed. Nanopore sequencing uncovered that the genomes of the two isolates have evolved to favor the specific route of the de novo synthesis pathway of vitamin B6 (cofactor of cysl enzymes) through serC or pdxA2 homologs. Finally, co-culture with vitamin B6 extended worm lifespan. Conclusions In summary, our study indicates that certain colonizing members of C. elegans have genomic diversity in vitamin B6 synthesis and promote host fitness and lifespan extension. The regulation of host cellular detoxification genes (i.e. gst) along with cysl genes at the transcriptome level and the bacterium-specific vitamin B6 synthesis mechanism at the genome level are in an agreement with enhanced host glutathione-based cellular detoxification due to this interspecies relationship. C. elegans is therefore a promising alternative model to study host-microbiome interactions in host fitness and lifespan. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07695-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orçun Haçariz
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Charles Viau
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Farial Karimian
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jianguo Xia
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. .,Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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4
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Itani OA, Zhong X, Tang X, Scott BA, Yan JY, Flibotte S, Lim Y, Hsieh AC, Bruce JE, Van Gilst M, Crowder CM. Coordinate Regulation of Ribosome and tRNA Biogenesis Controls Hypoxic Injury and Translation. Curr Biol 2020; 31:128-137.e5. [PMID: 33157031 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The translation machinery is composed of a myriad of proteins and RNAs whose levels must be coordinated to efficiently produce proteins without wasting energy or substrate. However, protein synthesis is clearly not always perfectly tuned to its environment, as disruption of translation machinery components can lengthen lifespan and stress survival. While much has been learned from bacteria and yeast about translational regulation, much less is known in metazoans. In a screen for mutations protecting C. elegans from hypoxic stress, we isolated multiple genes impacting protein synthesis: a ribosomal RNA helicase gene, tRNA biosynthesis genes, and a gene controlling amino acid availability. To define better the mechanisms by which these genes impact protein synthesis, we performed a second screen for suppressors of the conditional developmental arrest phenotype of the RNA helicase mutant and identified genes involved in ribosome biogenesis. Surprisingly, these suppressor mutations restored normal hypoxic sensitivity and protein synthesis to the tRNA biogenesis mutants, but not to the mutant reducing amino acid uptake. Proteomic analysis demonstrated that reduced tRNA biosynthetic activity produces a selective homeostatic reduction in ribosomal subunits, thereby offering a mechanism for the suppression results. Our study uncovers an unrecognized higher-order-translation regulatory mechanism in a metazoan whereby ribosome biogenesis genes communicate with genes controlling tRNA abundance matching the global rate of protein synthesis with available resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar A Itani
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195-6540, USA; Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Xuefei Zhong
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Xiaoting Tang
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Barbara A Scott
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195-6540, USA; Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Jun Yi Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195-6540, USA; Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Central Hospital of Changdian, Dandong, Liaoning 118214, China
| | - Stephane Flibotte
- Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Yiting Lim
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Andrew C Hsieh
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195-6420, USA
| | - James E Bruce
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Marc Van Gilst
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195-6540, USA; Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - C Michael Crowder
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195-6540, USA; Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
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5
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Jenkins NL, James SA, Salim A, Sumardy F, Speed TP, Conrad M, Richardson DR, Bush AI, McColl G. Changes in ferrous iron and glutathione promote ferroptosis and frailty in aging Caenorhabditis elegans. eLife 2020; 9:e56580. [PMID: 32690135 PMCID: PMC7373428 DOI: 10.7554/elife.56580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
All eukaryotes require iron. Replication, detoxification, and a cancer-protective form of regulated cell death termed ferroptosis, all depend on iron metabolism. Ferrous iron accumulates over adult lifetime in Caenorhabditis elegans. Here, we show that glutathione depletion is coupled to ferrous iron elevation in these animals, and that both occur in late life to prime cells for ferroptosis. We demonstrate that blocking ferroptosis, either by inhibition of lipid peroxidation or by limiting iron retention, mitigates age-related cell death and markedly increases lifespan and healthspan. Temporal scaling of lifespan is not evident when ferroptosis is inhibited, consistent with this cell death process acting at specific life phases to induce organismal frailty, rather than contributing to a constant aging rate. Because excess age-related iron elevation in somatic tissue, particularly in brain, is thought to contribute to degenerative disease, post-developmental interventions to limit ferroptosis may promote healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Jenkins
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health and University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
| | | | - Agus Salim
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, La Trobe UniversityBundooraAustralia
- Bioinformatics Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleAustralia
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | - Fransisca Sumardy
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health and University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
| | - Terence P Speed
- Bioinformatics Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleAustralia
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | - Marcus Conrad
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Metabolism and Cell DeathNeuherbergGermany
| | - Des R Richardson
- Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, University of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Ashley I Bush
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health and University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
| | - Gawain McColl
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health and University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
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6
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Ferguson GD, Bridge WJ. The glutathione system and the related thiol network in Caenorhabditis elegans. Redox Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1110.1016/j.redox.2019.101171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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7
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Ferguson GD, Bridge WJ. The glutathione system and the related thiol network in Caenorhabditis elegans. Redox Biol 2019; 24:101171. [PMID: 30901603 PMCID: PMC6429583 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in the field of redox biology have contributed to the understanding of the complexity of the thiol-based system in mediating signal transduction. The redox environment is the overall spatiotemporal balance of oxidation-reduction systems within the integrated compartments of the cell, tissues and whole organisms. The ratio of the reduced to disulfide glutathione redox couple (GSH:GSSG) is a key indicator of the redox environment and its associated cellular health. The reaction mechanisms of glutathione-dependent and related thiol-based enzymes play a fundamental role in the function of GSH as a redox regulator. Glutathione homeostasis is maintained by the balance of GSH synthesis (de novo and salvage pathways) and its utilization through its detoxification, thiol signalling, and antioxidant defence functions via GSH-dependent enzymes and free radical scavenging. As such, GSH acts in concert with the entire redox network to maintain reducing conditions in the cell. Caenorhabditis elegans offers a simple model to facilitate further understanding at the multicellular level of the physiological functions of GSH and the GSH-dependent redox network. This review discusses the C. elegans studies that have investigated glutathione and related systems of the redox network including; orthologs to the protein-encoding genes of GSH synthesis; glutathione peroxidases; glutathione-S-transferases; and the glutaredoxin, thioredoxin and peroxiredoxin systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin Douglas Ferguson
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Wallace John Bridge
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
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8
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The Foodborne Strain Lactobacillus fermentum MBC2 Triggers pept-1-Dependent Pro-Longevity Effects in Caenorhabditis elegans. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7020045. [PMID: 30736484 PMCID: PMC6406943 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7020045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are involved in several food fermentations and many of them provide strain-specific health benefits. Herein, the probiotic potential of the foodborne strain Lactobacillus fermentum MBC2 was investigated through in vitro and in vivo approaches. Caenorhabditis elegans was used as an in vivo model to analyze pro-longevity and anti-aging effects. L. fermentum MBC2 showed a high gut colonization capability compared to E. coli OP50 (OP50) or L.rhamnosus GG (LGG). Moreover, analysis of pumping rate, lipofuscin accumulation, and body bending showed anti-aging effects in L. fermentum MBC2-fed worms. Studies on PEPT-1 mutants demonstrated that pept-1 gene was involved in the anti-aging processes mediated by this bacterial strain through DAF-16, whereas the oxidative stress protection was PEPT-1 independent. Moreover, analysis of acid tolerance, bile tolerance, and antibiotic susceptibility were evaluated. L. fermentum MBC2 exerted beneficial effects on nematode lifespan, influencing energy metabolism and oxidative stress resistance, resulted in being tolerant to acidic pH and able to adhere to Caco-2 cells. Overall, these findings provide new insight for application of this strain in the food industry as a newly isolated functional starter. Furthermore, these results will also shed light on C. elegans molecular players involved in host-microbe interactions.
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9
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Spanier B, Wallwitz J, Zapoglou D, Idrissou BMG, Fischer C, Troll M, Petzold K, Daniel H. The Reproduction Rate of Peptide Transporter PEPT-1 Deficient C. elegans Is Dependent on Dietary Glutamate Supply. Front Mol Biosci 2018; 5:109. [PMID: 30560135 PMCID: PMC6284198 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2018.00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal absorption of dietary amino acids is mediated via two routes. Free amino acids released by hydrolysis of dietary proteins are taken up by a multitude of amino acid transporters while di- and tripeptides released are taken up by the peptide transporter PEPT-1. Loss of PEPT-1 impairs growth, post-embryonic development and reproduction in Caenorhabditis elegans, and supplementation with a mixture of all L-amino acids only partially rescues fertility. In the present study, we demonstrate that dietary L-glutamate is the responsible amino acid that can increase fertility in hermaphrodite pept-1 worms. This effect was associated with a significantly higher uptake of glutamate/aspartate in pept-1 than in wildtype C. elegans. Furthermore, we found that the intestinal transporter proteins SNF-5 of the solute carrier SLC6 family of nutrient amino acid transporters (NAT) and AAT-6 of the SLC7 family as the light subunit of a heteromeric amino acid transporter (HAT) play a key role in glutamate homeostasis in pept-1 C. elegans. Genes encoding these transporters are highly expressed and upon silencing a 95% reduced fertility (snf-5) and sterility (aat-6) was observed. A subsequent L-glutamate supplementation failed to rescue these phenotypes. Dietary glutamate supplementation did neither influence the feeding frequency, nor did it improve mating efficiency of pept-1 males. Most strikingly, pept-1 were more prone to habituation to repeated gentle touch stimuli than wildtype C. elegans, and dietary glutamate supply was sufficient to alter this behavioral output by restoring the mechanosensory response to wildtype levels. Taken together, our data demonstrate a key role of L-glutamate in amino acid homeostasis in C. elegans lacking the peptide transporter in the intestine and demonstrate its distinct role in reproduction and for neural circuits mediating touch sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta Spanier
- Nutritional Physiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Despoina Zapoglou
- Nutritional Physiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Christine Fischer
- Nutritional Physiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Martina Troll
- Nutritional Physiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Katrin Petzold
- Nutritional Physiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Hannelore Daniel
- Nutritional Physiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
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10
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Physiological Starvation Promotes Caenorhabditis elegans Vulval Induction. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2018; 8:3069-3081. [PMID: 30037804 PMCID: PMC6118308 DOI: 10.1534/g3.118.200449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Studying how molecular pathways respond to ecologically relevant environmental variation is fundamental to understand organismal development and its evolution. Here we characterize how starvation modulates Caenorhabditis elegans vulval cell fate patterning – an environmentally sensitive process, with a nevertheless robust output. Past research has shown many vulval mutants affecting EGF-Ras-MAPK, Delta-Notch and Wnt pathways to be suppressed by environmental factors, such as starvation. Here we aimed to resolve previous, seemingly contradictory, observations on how starvation modulates levels of vulval induction. Using the strong starvation suppression of the Vulvaless phenotype of lin-3/egf reduction-of-function mutations as an experimental paradigm, we first tested for a possible involvement of the sensory system in relaying starvation signals to affect vulval induction: mutation of various sensory inputs, DAF-2/Insulin or DAF-7/TGF-β signaling did not abolish lin-3(rf) starvation suppression. In contrast, nutrient deprivation induced by mutation of the intestinal peptide transporter gene pept-1 or the TOR pathway component rsks-1 (the ortholog of mammalian P70S6K) very strongly suppressed lin-3(rf) mutant phenotypes. Therefore, physiologically starved animals induced by these mutations tightly recapitulated the effects of external starvation on vulval induction. While both starvation and pept-1 RNAi were sufficient to increase Ras and Notch pathway activities in vulval cells, the highly penetrant Vulvaless phenotype of a tissue-specific null allele of lin-3 was not suppressed by either condition. This and additional results indicate that partial lin-3 expression is required for starvation to affect vulval induction. These results suggest a cross-talk between nutrient deprivation, TOR-S6K and EGF-Ras-MAPK signaling during C. elegans vulval induction.
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11
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Linking Gene Expression in the Intestine to Production of Gametes Through the Phosphate Transporter PITR-1 in Caenorhabditis elegans. Genetics 2016; 204:153-62. [PMID: 27449055 PMCID: PMC5012382 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.116.188532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Inorganic phosphate is an essential mineral for both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell metabolism and structure. Its uptake into the cell is mediated by membrane-bound transporters and coupled to Na+ transport. Mammalian sodium-dependent Pi cotransporters have been grouped into three families NaPi-I, NaPi-II, and NaPi-III. Despite being discovered more than two decades ago, very little is known about requirements for NaPi-III transporters in vivo, in the context of intact animal models. Here we find that impaired function of the Caenorhabditis elegans NaPi-III transporter, pitr-1, results in decreased brood size and dramatically increased expression of vitellogenin by the worm intestine. Unexpectedly, we found that the effects of pitr-1 mutation on vitellogenin expression in the intestine could only be rescued by expression of pitr-1 in the germline, and not by expression of pitr-1 in the intestine itself. Our results indicate the existence of a signal from the germline that regulates gene expression in the intestine, perhaps linking nutrient export from the intestine to production of gametes by the germline.
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12
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Rhoads TW, Prasad A, Kwiecien NW, Merrill AE, Zawack K, Westphall MS, Schroeder FC, Kimble J, Coon JJ. NeuCode Labeling in Nematodes: Proteomic and Phosphoproteomic Impact of Ascaroside Treatment in Caenorhabditis elegans. Mol Cell Proteomics 2015; 14:2922-35. [PMID: 26392051 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m115.049684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is an important model organism for biomedical research. We previously described NeuCode stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC), a method for accurate proteome quantification with potential for multiplexing beyond the limits of traditional stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture. Here we apply NeuCode SILAC to profile the proteomic and phosphoproteomic response of C. elegans to two potent members of the ascaroside family of nematode pheromones. By consuming labeled E. coli as part of their diet, C. elegans nematodes quickly and easily incorporate the NeuCode heavy lysine isotopologues by the young adult stage. Using this approach, we report, at high confidence, one of the largest proteomic and phosphoproteomic data sets to date in C. elegans: 6596 proteins at a false discovery rate ≤ 1% and 6620 phosphorylation isoforms with localization probability ≥75%. Our data reveal a post-translational signature of pheromone sensing that includes many conserved proteins implicated in longevity and response to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aman Prasad
- ‖Biochemistry, and **Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706
| | | | | | - Kelson Zawack
- ‡‡Boyce Thompson Institute and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853
| | | | - Frank C Schroeder
- ‡‡Boyce Thompson Institute and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853
| | - Judith Kimble
- ‖Biochemistry, and **Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706
| | - Joshua J Coon
- From the Departments of ‡Chemistry, §Biomolecular Chemistry, ¶Genome Center,
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13
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Daniel H, Zietek T. Taste and move: glucose and peptide transporters in the gastrointestinal tract. Exp Physiol 2015; 100:1441-50. [DOI: 10.1113/ep085029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hannelore Daniel
- Nutritional Physiology; Technische Universität München; 85350 Freising Germany
- ZIEL Institute for Food & Health; 85350 Freising Germany
| | - Tamara Zietek
- Nutritional Physiology; Technische Universität München; 85350 Freising Germany
- ZIEL Institute for Food & Health; 85350 Freising Germany
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14
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Geillinger KE, Kuhlmann K, Eisenacher M, Giesbertz P, Meyer HE, Daniel H, Spanier B. Intestinal amino acid availability via PEPT-1 affects TORC1/2 signaling and the unfolded protein response. J Proteome Res 2014; 13:3685-92. [PMID: 24999909 DOI: 10.1021/pr5002669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal peptide transporter PEPT-1 plays an important role in development, growth, reproduction, and stress tolerance in Caenorhabditis elegans, as revealed by the severe phenotype of the pept-1-deficient strain. The reduced number of offspring and increased stress resistance were shown to result from changes in the insulin/IGF-signaling cascade. To further elucidate the regulatory network behind the phenotypic alterations in PEPT1-deficient animals, a quantitative proteome analysis combined with transcriptome profiling was applied. Various target genes of XBP-1, the major mediator of the unfolded protein response, were found to be downregulated at the mRNA and protein levels, accompanied by a reduction of spliced xbp-1 mRNA. Proteome analysis also revealed a markedly reduced content of numerous ribosomal proteins. This was associated with a reduction in the protein synthesis rate in pept-1 C. elegans, a process that is strictly regulated by the TOR (target of rapamycine) complex, the cellular sensor for free amino acids. These data argue for a central role of PEPT-1 in cellular amino acid homeostasis. In PEPT-1 deficiency, amino acid levels dropped systematically, leading to alterations in protein synthesis and in the IRE-1/XBP-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin E Geillinger
- ZIEL Research Center of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Molecular Nutrition and Biochemistry Unit, Technische Universität München , Gregor-Mendel-Str. 2, 85350 Freising, Germany
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15
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Jiménez-Hidalgo M, Kurz CL, Pedrajas JR, Naranjo-Galindo FJ, González-Barrios M, Cabello J, Sáez AG, Lozano E, Button EL, Veal EA, Fierro-González JC, Swoboda P, Miranda-Vizuete A. Functional characterization of thioredoxin 3 (TRX-3), a Caenorhabditis elegans intestine-specific thioredoxin. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 68:205-19. [PMID: 24316195 PMCID: PMC4018987 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Thioredoxins are a class of evolutionarily conserved proteins that have been demonstrated to play a key role in many cellular processes involving redox reactions. We report here the genetic and biochemical characterization of Caenorhabditis elegans TRX-3, the first metazoan thioredoxin with an intestine-specific expression pattern. By using green fluorescent protein reporters we have found that TRX-3 is expressed in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus of intestinal cells, with a prominent localization at the apical membrane. Although intestinal function, reproductive capacity, longevity, and resistance of trx-3 loss-of-function mutants to many stresses are indistinguishable from those of wild-type animals, we have observed a slight reduction in size and a minor reduction in the defecation cycle timing of trx-3 mutants. Interestingly, trx-3 is induced upon infection by Photorhabdus luminescens and Candida albicans, and TRX-3 overexpression provides a modest protection against these pathogens. Together, our data indicate that TRX-3 function in the intestine is dispensable for C. elegans development but may be important to fight specific bacterial and fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Jiménez-Hidalgo
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Cyril Léopold Kurz
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, UM2 Aix-Marseille Université, Case 906, 13288 Marseille cedex 9, France
| | - José Rafael Pedrajas
- Grupo de Bioquímica y Señalización Celular, Departamento de Biología Experimental, Universidad de Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Francisco José Naranjo-Galindo
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - María González-Barrios
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Juan Cabello
- Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Alberto G Sáez
- Unidad Funcional de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónicas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Encarnación Lozano
- Unidad Funcional de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónicas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emma L Button
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Elizabeth A Veal
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Juan Carlos Fierro-González
- Center for Biosciences at Novum, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, S-14183 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Peter Swoboda
- Center for Biosciences at Novum, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, S-14183 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Antonio Miranda-Vizuete
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Sevilla, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
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16
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Brejning J, Nørgaard S, Schøler L, Morthorst TH, Jakobsen H, Lithgow GJ, Jensen LT, Olsen A. Loss of NDG-4 extends lifespan and stress resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans. Aging Cell 2014; 13:156-64. [PMID: 24286221 PMCID: PMC3919970 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
NDG-4 is a predicted transmembrane acyltransferase protein that acts in the distribution of lipophilic factors. Consequently, ndg-4 mutants lay eggs with a pale appearance due to lack of yolk, and they are resistant to sterility caused by dietary supplementation with the long-chain omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid dihommogamma-linolenic acid (DGLA). Two other proteins, NRF-5 and NRF-6, a homolog of a mammalian secreted lipid binding protein and a NDG-4 homolog, respectively, have previously been shown to function in the same lipid transport pathway. Here, we report that mutation of the NDG-4 protein results in increased organismal stress resistance and lifespan. When NDG-4 function and insulin/IGF-1 signaling are reduced simultaneously, maximum lifespan is increased almost fivefold. Thus, longevity conferred by mutation of ndg-4 is partially overlapping with insulin signaling. The nuclear hormone receptor NHR-80 (HNF4 homolog) is required for longevity in germline less animals. We find that NHR-80 is also required for longevity of ndg-4 mutants. Moreover, we find that nrf-5 and nrf-6 mutants also have extended lifespan and increased stress resistance, suggesting that altered lipid transport and metabolism play key roles in determining lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanette Brejning
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Aarhus University Gustav Wieds Vej 10C Aarhus 8000‐DK Denmark
| | - Steffen Nørgaard
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Aarhus University Gustav Wieds Vej 10C Aarhus 8000‐DK Denmark
| | - Lone Schøler
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Aarhus University Gustav Wieds Vej 10C Aarhus 8000‐DK Denmark
| | - Tine H. Morthorst
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Aarhus University Gustav Wieds Vej 10C Aarhus 8000‐DK Denmark
| | - Helle Jakobsen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Aarhus University Gustav Wieds Vej 10C Aarhus 8000‐DK Denmark
| | - Gordon J. Lithgow
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging 8001 Redwood Blvd Novato CA 94945 USA
| | - Louise T. Jensen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Aarhus University Gustav Wieds Vej 10C Aarhus 8000‐DK Denmark
| | - Anders Olsen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Aarhus University Gustav Wieds Vej 10C Aarhus 8000‐DK Denmark
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17
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Geillinger KE, Kipp AP, Schink K, Röder PV, Spanier B, Daniel H. Nrf2 regulates the expression of the peptide transporter PEPT1 in the human colon carcinoma cell line Caco-2. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013; 1840:1747-54. [PMID: 24380877 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND PEPT1 is a rheogenic transport protein in the apical membrane of intestinal epithelial cells capable of transporting essentially all possible di- and tripeptides that are generated from the luminal protein breakdown. In addition, several anticancer, antimicrobial and antiviral drugs are taken up from the intestinal lumen via PEPT1 and therefore PEPT1 is a target for efficient drug delivery via prodrug approaches. Thus, understanding PEPT1 gene regulation is not only of importance for dietary adaptation but also for drug treatment. METHODS In silico analysis of the Pept1 promoter was performed using MatInspector. Pept1 promoter constructs were generated and cotransfected with an Nrf2 expression plasmid. Caco-2 cells were stimulated with Nrf2 inducers followed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Biological relevance was investigated using western blot analysis and transport activity assays. RESULTS Reporter gene assays showed transcriptional activation of the Pept1 promoter in response to Nrf2 overexpression. EMSA as well as ChIP analysis validated Nrf2 binding to the ARE located closest to the start codon (Pept1-ARE1). Induction of the Nrf2 pathway resulted in increased endogenous PEPT1 protein abundance as well as transport activity. Moreover, we demonstrate that also the induction of autophagy by MG132 resulted in elevated Nrf2 binding to Pept1-ARE1 and increased PEPT1 protein expression. CONCLUSION In summary, we identified a biologically active Nrf2 binding site within the Pept1 promoter which links Pept1 to the cellular defense program activated by Nrf2. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE This study identifies Pept1 as an inducible target gene of the Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin E Geillinger
- ZIEL Research Center of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Biochemistry Unit, Technische Universität München, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 2, 85350 Freising, Germany.
| | - Anna P Kipp
- Department Biochemistry of Micronutrients, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Germany
| | - Kristin Schink
- ZIEL Research Center of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Biochemistry Unit, Technische Universität München, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 2, 85350 Freising, Germany
| | - Pia V Röder
- ZIEL Research Center of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Biochemistry Unit, Technische Universität München, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 2, 85350 Freising, Germany
| | - Britta Spanier
- ZIEL Research Center of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Biochemistry Unit, Technische Universität München, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 2, 85350 Freising, Germany
| | - Hannelore Daniel
- ZIEL Research Center of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Biochemistry Unit, Technische Universität München, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 2, 85350 Freising, Germany
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18
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Page MM, Withers DJ, Selman C. Longevity of insulin receptor substrate1 null mice is not associated with increased basal antioxidant protection or reduced oxidative damage. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2013; 35:647-658. [PMID: 22371226 PMCID: PMC3636410 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-012-9395-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2011] [Accepted: 02/13/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Insulin receptor substrate-1 null (Irs1 (-/-)) mice are long lived and importantly they also demonstrate increased resistance to several age-related pathologies compared to wild type (WT) controls. Currently, the molecular mechanisms that underlie lifespan extension in long-lived mice are unclear although protection against oxidative damage may be important. Here, we determined both the activities of several intracellular antioxidants and levels of oxidative damage in brain, skeletal muscle, and liver of Irs1 (-/-) and WT mice at 80, 450, and 700 days of age, predicting that long-lived Irs1 (-/-) mice would be protected against oxidative damage. We measured activities of both intracellular superoxide dismutases (SOD); cytosolic (CuZnSOD) and mitochondrial (MnSOD), glutathione peroxide (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), catalase (CAT), and reduced glutathione (GHS). Of these, only hepatic CAT was significantly altered (increased) in Irs1 (-/-) mice. In addition, the levels of protein oxidation (protein carbonyl content) and lipid peroxidation (4-hydroxynonenal) were unaltered in Irs1 (-/-) mice, although the hepatic GSH/GSSG ratio, indicating an oxidized environment, was significantly lower in long-lived Irs1 (-/-) mice. Overall, our results do not support the premise that lifespan extension in Irs1 (-/-) mice is associated with greater tissue antioxidant protection or reduced oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M. Page
- />Integrative and Environmental Physiology, Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ UK
| | - Dominic J. Withers
- />Metabolic Signaling Group, Medical Research Council Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College, London, W12 0NN UK
| | - Colin Selman
- />Integrative and Environmental Physiology, Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ UK
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19
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The glutathione reductase GSR-1 determines stress tolerance and longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans. PLoS One 2013; 8:e60731. [PMID: 23593298 PMCID: PMC3620388 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) and GSH-dependent enzymes play a key role in cellular detoxification processes that enable organism to cope with various internal and environmental stressors. However, it is often not clear, which components of the complex GSH-metabolism are required for tolerance towards a certain stressor. To address this question, a small scale RNAi-screen was carried out in Caenorhabditis elegans where GSH-related genes were systematically knocked down and worms were subsequently analysed for their survival rate under sub-lethal concentrations of arsenite and the redox cycler juglone. While the knockdown of γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase led to a diminished survival rate under arsenite stress conditions, GSR-1 (glutathione reductase) was shown to be essential for survival under juglone stress conditions. gsr-1 is the sole GSR encoding gene found in C. elegans. Knockdown of GSR-1 hardly affected total glutathione levels nor reduced glutathione/glutathione disulphide (GSH/GSSG) ratio under normal laboratory conditions. Nevertheless, when GSSG recycling was impaired by gsr-1(RNAi), GSH synthesis was induced, but not vice versa. Moreover, the impact of GSSG recycling was potentiated under oxidative stress conditions, explaining the enormous effect gsr-1(RNAi) knockdown had on juglone tolerance. Accordingly, overexpression of GSR-1 was capable of increasing stress tolerance. Furthermore, expression levels of SKN-1-regulated GSR-1 also affected life span of C. elegans, emphasising the crucial role the GSH redox state plays in both processes.
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20
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Frost RA, Lang CH. Multifaceted role of insulin-like growth factors and mammalian target of rapamycin in skeletal muscle. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2012; 41:297-322, vi. [PMID: 22682632 PMCID: PMC3376019 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecl.2012.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This review describes the current literature on the interaction between insulin-like growth factors, endocrine hormones, and branched-chain amino acids on muscle physiology in healthy young individuals and during select pathologic conditions. Emphasis is placed on the mechanism by which physical and hormonal signals are transduced at the cellular level to either grow or atrophy skeletal muscle. The key role of the mammalian target of rapamycin and its ability to respond to hypertrophic and atrophic signals informs our understanding how a combination of physical, nutritional, and pharmacologic therapies may be used in tandem to prevent or ameliorate reductions in muscle mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A. Frost
- Associate Professor, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey PA, 17033
- Professor and Vice Chairman, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey PA, 17033
| | - Charles H. Lang
- Associate Professor, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey PA, 17033
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21
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Korta DZ, Tuck S, Hubbard EJA. S6K links cell fate, cell cycle and nutrient response in C. elegans germline stem/progenitor cells. Development 2012; 139:859-70. [PMID: 22278922 DOI: 10.1242/dev.074047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Coupling of stem/progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation to organismal physiological demands ensures the proper growth and homeostasis of tissues. However, in vivo mechanisms underlying this control are poorly characterized. We investigated the role of ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6K) at the intersection of nutrition and the establishment of a stem/progenitor cell population using the C. elegans germ line as a model. We find that rsks-1 (which encodes the worm homolog of mammalian p70S6K) is required germline-autonomously for proper establishment of the germline progenitor pool. In the germ line, rsks-1 promotes cell cycle progression and inhibits larval progenitor differentiation, promotes growth of adult tumors and requires a conserved TOR phosphorylation site. Loss of rsks-1 and ife-1 (eIF4E) together reduces the germline progenitor pool more severely than either single mutant and similarly to reducing the activity of let-363 (TOR) or daf-15 (RAPTOR). Moreover, rsks-1 acts in parallel with the glp-1 (Notch) and daf-2 (insulin-IGF receptor) pathways, and does not share the same genetic dependencies with its role in lifespan control. We show that overall dietary restriction and amino acid deprivation cause germline defects similar to a subset of rsks-1 mutant phenotypes. Consistent with a link between diet and germline proliferation via rsks-1, loss of rsks-1 renders the germ line largely insensitive to the effects of dietary restriction. Our studies establish the C. elegans germ line as an in vivo model to understand TOR-S6K signaling in proliferation and differentiation and suggest that this pathway is a key nutrient-responsive regulator of germline progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Z Korta
- Developmental Genetics Program, Helen and Martin Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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22
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Albani D, Mazzuco S, Polito L, Batelli S, Biella G, Ongaro F, Gustafson DR, Antuono P, Gajo G, Durante E, Caberlotto L, Zanardo A, Siculi M, Gallucci M, Forloni G. Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor polymorphism rs2229765 and circulating interleukin-6 level affect male longevity in a population-based prospective study (Treviso Longeva--TRELONG). Aging Male 2011; 14:257-64. [PMID: 22115178 DOI: 10.3109/13685538.2011.607521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) signaling modulation has been associated with increased lifespan in model organisms, while high levels of circulating interleukin-6 (IL-6) are a marker of disability and mortality. In the prospective, population-based "Treviso Longeva"--TRELONG Study from Italy (n = 668, age range 70-105.5 years at baseline, followed for seven years) we investigated the effects of survival on the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) gene polymorphism rs2229765, the IL-6 gene promoter polymorphism rs1800795, and plasma concentrations of IGF-1 and IL-6, alone or in combination. We found a sex-dependent effect for the IGF-1R rs2229765 polymorphism, as male carriers of the homozygous A/A genotype survived longer, while the IL-6 rs1800795 genotype did not influence overall or sex-specific longevity. Higher IL-6 levels were more detrimental for survival among males than females, while IGF-1 had no dose-response effect. These findings sustain the hypothesis that sex-specific longevity relies on detectable differences in genetic and biochemical parameters between males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Albani
- Department of Neuroscience, "Mario Negri" Institute for Pharmacological Research, via La Masa, Milan, Italy.
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23
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Yang CC, Chen D, Lee SS, Walter L. The dynamin-related protein DRP-1 and the insulin signaling pathway cooperate to modulate Caenorhabditis elegans longevity. Aging Cell 2011; 10:724-8. [PMID: 21463460 PMCID: PMC3135752 DOI: 10.1111/j.1474-9726.2011.00711.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we report that inactivation of the Caenorhabditis elegans dynamin-related protein DRP-1, a key component responsible for mitochondrial fission and conserved from yeast to humans, dramatically enhanced the effect of reduced insulin signaling (IIS) to extend lifespan. This represents the first report of a beneficial impact of manipulating mitochondrial dynamics on animal lifespan and suggests that mitochondrial morphology and IIS cooperate to modulate aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine C. Yang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Diana Chen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Siu Sylvia Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Ludivine Walter
- Corresponding authors: Siu Sylvia Lee Phone: 1-607-255-8015 Fax: 1-607-255 6249, Ludivine Walter Phone: +33-4-72728663 Fax: +33-4-72728080
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24
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Martin FPJ, Spanier B, Collino S, Montoliu I, Kolmeder C, Giesbertz P, Affolter M, Kussmann M, Daniel H, Kochhar S, Rezzi S. Metabotyping of Caenorhabditis elegans and their culture media revealed unique metabolic phenotypes associated to amino acid deficiency and insulin-like signaling. J Proteome Res 2011; 10:990-1003. [PMID: 21275419 DOI: 10.1021/pr100703a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Insulin/IGF-like signaling (IIS) and nutrient sensing are among the most potent regulators of health status and aging. Here, a global view of the metabolic changes in C. elegans with impaired function of IIS represented by daf-2 and daf-16 and the intestinal di- and tripeptide transport pept-1 was generated using (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic analysis of worm extracts and spent culture media. We showed that specific metabolic profiles were significantly associated with each type of mutant. On the basis of the metabonomics data, selected underlying processes were further investigated using proteomic and transcriptomic approaches. The observed changes suggest a decreased activity of the one carbon metabolism in pept-1(lg601) mutants. Higher concentration of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) and altered transcript levels of genes involved in BCAA metabolism were observed in long-living strains daf-2(e1370) and daf-2(e1370);pept-1(lg601) when compared to wild types and daf-16(m26);daf-2(e1370);pept-1(lg601) C. elegans, suggesting a DAF-16-dependent mechanism.
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