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Alessandrino K, Tjostheim SS, Flynn KM, Cole C, Aschenbroich S. Myocardial plasma cell tumor with intratumoral amyloidosis in a dog. J Vet Cardiol 2023; 50:23-28. [PMID: 37918088 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
A 12-year-old mixed breed dog was evaluated for marked hypercalcemia that was identified during assessment for acute polydipsia and polyuria. Physical examination identified a new grade II/VI left apical systolic murmur. A mass involving the left ventricular posterior wall and left atrium was identified by echocardiography, suggesting neoplastic invasion into the myocardium. The patient was euthanized, and post-mortem cardiac evaluation identified an intramyocardial amyloid-producing plasma cell tumor. Multiple myeloma was suspected but could not be confirmed due to the limited post-mortem evaluation. This case is the first report of myocardial amyloidosis in a dog with a myeloma-related disorder (MRD). Dogs with MRD and myocardial involvement may not exhibit clinical signs that localize to the cardiovascular system; therefore, echocardiography should be considered during the staging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Alessandrino
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Dr. Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - S S Tjostheim
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Dr. Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| | - K M Flynn
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Dr. Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - C Cole
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Dr. Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - S Aschenbroich
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Dr. Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Craig LE, Lieske DE. Periarticular plasma cell tumors in cats. Vet Pathol 2021; 59:264-268. [PMID: 34763582 DOI: 10.1177/03009858211048621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This report describes periarticular plasma cell tumors with abundant amyloid in 11 cats. The tarsus was the most commonly affected joint (10/11), and the masses were often circumferential around the tarsal joint, involving the dermis and subcutis. The 2 cases in which synovium was examined had neoplastic cells expanding the synovium. Three of the 5 cases staged radiographically had bony lysis of the affected joint. Cutaneous biopsy specimens often consisted of more amyloid than plasma cells, making the diagnosis difficult on small samples. Follow-up information was available in 7 cases; in those cases, the median survival was 194 days (range 53-671 days). Four cases had confirmed metastases, most often to regional lymph nodes, liver, and spleen. Although canine cutaneous plasma cell tumors are typically benign, those with abundant amyloid surrounding the joints of cats may involve deeper tissues and have a more aggressive behavior. These tumors can be difficult to diagnose due to low cellularity and abundant amyloid.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danielle E Lieske
- University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA. Lieske is now with IDEXX, Columbus, OH, USA
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Moore TM, Thomovsky SA, Thompson CA, Heng HG, Bentley RT. Case Report: Suspected Solitary Osseous Plasmacytoma in a Cat: Use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Diagnose and Confirm Resolution of Disease Following Chemotherapy. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:752279. [PMID: 34676257 PMCID: PMC8523671 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.752279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A 9-year-old female spayed Domestic Shorthair cat presented for pain, reluctance to jump, and hyporexia of 14 days duration. Neurologic examination was consistent with C6-T2 myelopathy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a solitary, contrast-enhancing lesion within the T2 vertebral body. Solitary osseous plasmacytoma was diagnosed based on neurologic examination, advanced imaging, and clinicopathologic findings. Melphalan and prednisolone therapy were initiated. Complete resolution of clinical signs and the vertebral lesion were documented at a 2-year follow up examination with neurologic examination and repeat spinal MRI, respectively. Solitary osseous plasmacytoma are rare neoplasms in humans and domestic animals. As such, there is a paucity of published information regarding diagnostic criteria, MRI findings, treatment modalities, progression, and remission of disease in the feline patient. Most data are extrapolated from human medicine. The purpose of this report is to document neurologic exam and MR findings at the time of diagnosis and complete resolution of a solitary osseous vertebral plasmacytoma following melphalan and prednisolone therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talisha M Moore
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Stephanie A Thomovsky
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Craig A Thompson
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Hock Gan Heng
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - R Timothy Bentley
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
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Martins D, Rossato C, Silva S, Almeida S, Ribeiro L. Fine needle aspiration cytology in feline skeletal muscle as a diagnostic tool for extramedullary plasmacytoma. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-9180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Extramedullary noncutaneous plasmacytoma (ENP) is a myeloproliferative disorder of plasma cells that rarely affects cats. This paper describes an ENP case revealed by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of the mass in the skeletal muscle of an 8-month-old, male, mixed breed cat, which had a nodule in the left hind limb. The rapid immunoassay test confirmed the presence of feline leukemia virus (FeLV). The animal necropsy macroscopically showed the nodule came from the semimembranosus muscle. Histopathological examination ratified the cytological findings. Thus, this paper alerts to the existence of plasmacytoma located in the skeletal muscle of feline species. FNAC is a quick and efficient method for diagnosis of ENP.
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Igase M, Shimokawa Miyama T, Kambayashi S, Shimoyama Y, Hiraoka H, Hirata Y, Iwata M, Baba K, Mizuno T, Okuda M. Bimodal immunoglobulin A gammopathy in a cat with feline myeloma-related disorders. J Vet Med Sci 2015; 78:691-5. [PMID: 26638898 PMCID: PMC4873863 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.15-0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A 10-year-old female spayed mixed breed cat with a subcutaneous mass on the right hind
limb was revealed with bimodal monoclonal gammopathy composed of IgA by
immunoelectrophoresis and immunofixation. Approximately 1 month after referral, the cat
died due to renal failure. Postmortem immunohistopathologic evaluation of the subcutaneous
mass revealed neoplastic cell proliferation of plasma cells and giant myeloma cells.
Neoplastic cells were also present in the liver and spleen. These results led to the
diagnosis of a rare case of feline myeloma-related disorders with extramedullary
plasmacytoma infiltrating in multiple locations. This report emphasizes the necessity to
accumulate cases with similar clinicopathologic findings in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Igase
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
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Cannon CM, Knudson C, Borgatti A. Clinical Signs, Treatment, and Outcome in Cats with Myeloma-Related Disorder Receiving Systemic Therapy. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2015; 51:239-48. [PMID: 26083436 DOI: 10.5326/jaaha-ms-6216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Myeloma-related disorder (MRD) is an uncommon disease in cats, for which there is no established standard of care. In this retrospective study, we evaluated presentation, response to treatment, and toxicity in cats with MRD receiving systemic treatment. Previously reported prognostic factors were evaluated for their impact on survival in cats receiving chemotherapy. Of fifteen cases identified, thirteen received melphalan or cyclophosphamide +/- corticosteroids as first-line therapy. Chlorambucil was commonly used as rescue therapy in cats with progressive disease, or in cases of chemotherapy-related toxicity with first line agents. Overall response rates were 71% and 83% for melphalan- and cyclophosphamide-treated cats, respectively. Discontinuation of melphalan due to toxicity was common. Survival times for cats initially treated with melphalan or cyclophosphamide were not significantly different (median 252 and 394 days, respectively), and no statistically significant prognostic factors were identified. This study suggests that the combination of cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids is well tolerated and may be considered as first-line therapy for cats with systemic MRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire M Cannon
- From the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (C.C., A.B.) and School of Statistics (C.K.), University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN
| | - Christina Knudson
- From the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (C.C., A.B.) and School of Statistics (C.K.), University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN
| | - Antonella Borgatti
- From the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (C.C., A.B.) and School of Statistics (C.K.), University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN
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Hematopoietic Tumors. WITHROW AND MACEWEN'S SMALL ANIMAL CLINICAL ONCOLOGY 2013. [PMCID: PMC7161412 DOI: 10.1016/b978-1-4377-2362-5.00032-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Takeuchi Y, Iizuka H, Kanemitsu H, Fujino Y, Nakashima K, Uchida K, Ohno K, Nakayama H, Tsujimoto H. Myeloma-related disorder with leukaemic progression in a cat. J Feline Med Surg 2010; 12:982-7. [PMID: 21036087 PMCID: PMC7129832 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfms.2010.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2010] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
A 10-year-old American Shorthair cat with nasal discharge, anorexia, and weight loss was found to have pancytopenia and hyperproteinaemia. Bone marrow aspiration revealed atypical plasma cells that totalled 50% of the nucleated bone marrow cells. The number of atypical plasma cells progressively increased in the peripheral blood during the observation period of 64 days. The cat did not respond to treatments with melphalan, chlorambucil, and prednisolone, and died 71 days after the initial presentation. Clinical, cytological, histopathological, and immunohistochemical findings in this case supported the diagnosis of myeloma-related disorder (MRD) with leukaemic progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Takeuchi
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Haruna Iizuka
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kanemitsu
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Fujino
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Ko Nakashima
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Uchida
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Koichi Ohno
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakayama
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Hajime Tsujimoto
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
- Corresponding author. Tel: +81-3-5841-5402; Fax: +81-3-5841-5640.
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Mellor PJ, Haugland S, Smith KC, Powell RM, Archer J, Scase TJ, Villiers EJ, McNeil PE, Nixon C, Knott C, Fournier D, Murphy S, Polton GA, Belford C, Philbey AW, Argyle DJ, Herrtage ME, Day MJ. Histopathologic, Immunohistochemical, and Cytologic Analysis of Feline Myeloma-Related Disorders: Further Evidence for Primary Extramedullary Development in the Cat. Vet Pathol 2008; 45:159-73. [DOI: 10.1354/vp.45-2-159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Feline myeloma-related disorders (MRD) are rare neoplasms of plasma cells. The multistep transformation model of myeloma in humans is based on the premise that plasma cells undergo neoplastic transformation primarily within the intramedullary compartment and that over time they become poorly differentiated and metastasize to extramedullary locations. Historically, diagnostic criteria used for human multiple myeloma have been applied to the cat, with the assumption that feline MRD commonly arises in the intramedullary compartment. Our objectives were to describe the features of feline MRD confirmed by cytology, histopathology, histochemistry, and immunohistochemistry and to categorize these tumors. A priori hypotheses were 1) tumor category predicts survival and 2) cats with well-differentiated tumors commonly have extramedullary involvement in contrast to human myeloma patients. This multicenter, retrospective study identified 26 MRD cases. There was good agreement between histopathologic and cytologic tumor categorization. Histochemistry and immunohistochemistry were shown to be valuable adjunct tests in the diagnosis of MRD. Cats with well-differentiated tumors had increased median survival relative to those with poorly differentiated tumors (254 versus 14 days). We have reported that marked extramedullary involvement at initial clinical presentation is significantly more common in the cat than in human MRD patients. In this study, we demonstrate that cats with well-differentiated tumors more commonly have extramedullary involvement than human myeloma patients with well-differentiated tumors (90% versus 20%, P < 0.0002). These results contrast strongly with the human myeloma model of primary intramedullary neoplastic transformation and suggest that primary extramedullary neoplastic transformation may be more common in feline MRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. J. Mellor
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - S. Haugland
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - K. C. Smith
- Royal Veterinary College, University of London, UK
| | - R. M. Powell
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - J. Archer
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - T. J. Scase
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - E. J. Villiers
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, UK
| | | | - C. Nixon
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | | | - G. A. Polton
- Davies Veterinary Specialists, Higham Gobion, UK
| | | | - A. W. Philbey
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - D. J. Argyle
- Royal Dick School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - M. E. Herrtage
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - M. J. Day
- School of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, UK
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Mellor PJ, Haugland S, Murphy S, Smith KC, Holloway A, Archer J, Powell RM, Polton GA, Tasker S, McCormick D, Tempest ME, McNeil PE, Scase TJ, Knott CD, Bonfanti U, Villiers EJ, Argyle DJ, Herrtage ME, Day MJ. Myeloma-related disorders in cats commonly present as extramedullary neoplasms in contrast to myeloma in human patients: 24 cases with clinical follow-up. J Vet Intern Med 2007; 20:1376-83. [PMID: 17186853 PMCID: PMC7166647 DOI: 10.1892/0891-6640(2006)20[1376:mdiccp]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myeloma-related disorders (MRD) are rare neoplasms of plasma cells. Published case reports describe a diversity of clinical presentations with confusing terminology and diagnostic criteria as a consequence of the assumption that MRD in cats are analogous to those in dogs or humans. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to describe clinical, clinicopathologic and imaging findings, response to treatment, survival and possible associations with other diseases or vaccination in a large case series. A priori hypotheses were that cats with MRD commonly present with extramedullary involvement and uncommonly have radiographic bone lesions, in contrast to human patients. ANIMALS Twenty-four cats with MRD confirmed by cytology or histopathology and immunohistochemistry. METHOD A multicenter retrospective study was performed. RESULTS Two types of clinical presentation were observed. The first group (n = 17) had neoplasia involving abdominal organs, bone marrow, or both. All developed systemic clinical signs and paraproteinemia. Five of 7 cats that received chemotherapy improved clinically or had decreased serum globulin concentration (median survival, 12.3 months; range, 8.5-22 months). The second group comprised 7 cats with skin masses, 2 of which were paraproteinemic and developed rapidly worsening systemic signs. In cats without systemic signs, excision of the skin masses appeared to be associated with prolonged survival (up to 2.4 years). Cats with MRD commonly presented with extramedullary involvement (67%), versus humans with MRD (5%) (P < .001), and uncommonly presented with radiographic bone lesions (8%) versus humans with MRD (80%) (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Radiographic bone lesions are uncommon in cats with MRD and extramedullary presentation is common, relative to human myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Mellor
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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Mellor PJ, Haugland S, Murphy S, Smith KC, Holloway A, Archer J, Powell RM, Polton GA, Tasker S, McCormick D, Tempest ME, McNeil PE, Scase TJ, Knott CD, Bonfanti U, Villiers EJ, Argyle DJ, Herrtage ME, Day MJ. Myeloma-related disorders in cats commonly present as extramedullary neoplasms in contrast to myeloma in human patients: 24 cases with clinical follow-up. J Vet Intern Med 2007. [PMID: 17186853 PMCID: PMC7166647 DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2006.tb00754.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myeloma-related disorders (MRD) are rare neoplasms of plasma cells. Published case reports describe a diversity of clinical presentations with confusing terminology and diagnostic criteria as a consequence of the assumption that MRD in cats are analogous to those in dogs or humans. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to describe clinical, clinicopathologic and imaging findings, response to treatment, survival and possible associations with other diseases or vaccination in a large case series. A priori hypotheses were that cats with MRD commonly present with extramedullary involvement and uncommonly have radiographic bone lesions, in contrast to human patients. ANIMALS Twenty-four cats with MRD confirmed by cytology or histopathology and immunohistochemistry. METHOD A multicenter retrospective study was performed. RESULTS Two types of clinical presentation were observed. The first group (n = 17) had neoplasia involving abdominal organs, bone marrow, or both. All developed systemic clinical signs and paraproteinemia. Five of 7 cats that received chemotherapy improved clinically or had decreased serum globulin concentration (median survival, 12.3 months; range, 8.5-22 months). The second group comprised 7 cats with skin masses, 2 of which were paraproteinemic and developed rapidly worsening systemic signs. In cats without systemic signs, excision of the skin masses appeared to be associated with prolonged survival (up to 2.4 years). Cats with MRD commonly presented with extramedullary involvement (67%), versus humans with MRD (5%) (P < .001), and uncommonly presented with radiographic bone lesions (8%) versus humans with MRD (80%) (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Radiographic bone lesions are uncommon in cats with MRD and extramedullary presentation is common, relative to human myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Mellor
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited published information regarding feline multiple myeloma. Diagnostic criteria are derived from canine studies and to our knowledge, have not been critically reviewed for cats. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical and laboratory findings in cats with multiple myeloma and appraise diagnostic criteria. METHODS Retrospective evaluation of medical records was performed. Inclusion required an antemortem diagnosis of multiple myeloma using 2 of 4 criteria: 1) >or=20% plasma cells in the bone marrow, or >or=10% if atypical plasma cells; 2) paraproteinemia; 3) radiographically-evident osteolysis; 4) light chain proteinuria. Alternatively, a postmortem diagnosis was based on the findings of multiple plasma cell neoplasms, with marrow involvement. RESULTS Sixteen cats were diagnosed with multiple myeloma between 1996 and 2004, with a median age of 14.0 years; 9 of 16 (56%) were castrated males, and 7 of 16 (44%) were spayed females. Laboratory abnormalities included hyperglobulinemia (14/16, 87.5%), with 11/14 (78.5%) monoclonal and 3/14 (21.4%) biclonal gammopathies; hypoalbuminemia (4/16, 25%); light chain proteinuria, (4/9, 44.4%); hypocholesterolemia (11/16, 68.7%); hypercalcemia, (3/15, 20%); nonregenerative anemia, (11/16, 68.7%); regenerative anemia, (1/16, 6.2%); neutropenia (5/15, 33.3%); thrombocytopenia (8/16, 50%); and marrow plasmacytosis (14/15, 93.3%). Plasma cells were markedly immature, atypical, or both in 10 of 12 (83.3%) cats. Focal or multifocal osteolysis was noted in 6 of 12 (50%) cats for which radiographs were available for review; generalized osteopenia was found in 1 (8.3%) cat. Noncutaneous, extramedullary tumors were found in all cats assessed, 7/7 (100%), including spleen (6), liver (3), and lymph nodes (4). The disease in 1 of 2 cats with cutaneous tumors progressed to plasmacytic leukemia. CONCLUSIONS Common findings in feline multiple myeloma include atypical plasma cell morphology, hypocholesterolemia, anemia, bone lesions, and multi-organ involvement. Based on the results of this study, we advocate modifying diagnostic criteria in cats to include consideration of plasma cell morphology and visceral organ infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reema T. Patel
- From the Departments of Pathobiology (Patel, French, McManus) and Clinical Studies (Caceres), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. Dr. McManus now is with Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging and Cytopathology, 16900 SE 82nd Drive, Clackamas, OR. This study was presented, in part, at the 38th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Banff Springs, Alberta, Canada, November 15–19, 2003. Corresponding author: Patricia M. McManus ()
| | - Ana Caceres
- From the Departments of Pathobiology (Patel, French, McManus) and Clinical Studies (Caceres), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. Dr. McManus now is with Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging and Cytopathology, 16900 SE 82nd Drive, Clackamas, OR. This study was presented, in part, at the 38th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Banff Springs, Alberta, Canada, November 15–19, 2003. Corresponding author: Patricia M. McManus ()
| | - Adrienne F. French
- From the Departments of Pathobiology (Patel, French, McManus) and Clinical Studies (Caceres), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. Dr. McManus now is with Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging and Cytopathology, 16900 SE 82nd Drive, Clackamas, OR. This study was presented, in part, at the 38th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Banff Springs, Alberta, Canada, November 15–19, 2003. Corresponding author: Patricia M. McManus ()
| | - Patricia M. McManus
- From the Departments of Pathobiology (Patel, French, McManus) and Clinical Studies (Caceres), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. Dr. McManus now is with Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging and Cytopathology, 16900 SE 82nd Drive, Clackamas, OR. This study was presented, in part, at the 38th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Banff Springs, Alberta, Canada, November 15–19, 2003. Corresponding author: Patricia M. McManus ()
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