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Marconato L, Tiraboschi L, Aralla M, Sabattini S, Melacarne A, Agnoli C, Balboni A, Salvi M, Foglia A, Punzi S, Romagnoli N, Rescigno M. A Phase 2, Single-Arm, Open-Label Clinical Trial on Adjuvant Peptide-Based Vaccination in Dogs with Aggressive Hemangiosarcoma Undergoing Surgery and Chemotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4209. [PMID: 37686485 PMCID: PMC10486958 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
To test the antitumor effect and safety of peptide-based anticancer vaccination in dogs with hemangiosarcoma undergoing the standard of care (SOC; surgery and doxorubicin), canine hemangiosarcoma cells were infected with Salmonella typhi Ty21a to release immunogenic endoplasmic reticulum stress-related peptides into the extracellular milieu via CX43 hemichannels opening. The infected tumor cell secretome constituted the vaccine. Following the SOC, dogs with biologically aggressive hemangiosarcoma were vaccinated a total of five times, once every 3 weeks, and were followed up with serial imaging. A retrospective population of dogs undergoing the SOC alone served as controls. The primary endpoints were the time to progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS), and the secondary endpoints were toxicity and immune responses. A total of 28 dogs were vaccinated along with the SOC, and 32 received only the SOC. A tumor-specific humoral response along with a vaccine-specific T-cell response was observed. Toxicity did not occur. The TTP and OS were significantly longer in vaccinated versus unvaccinated dogs (TTP: 195 vs. 160 days, respectively; p = 0.001; OS: 276 vs. 175 days, respectively; p = 0.002). One-year survival rates were 35.7% and 6.3% for vaccinated and unvaccinated dogs, respectively. In dogs with hemangiosarcoma undergoing the SOC, the addition of a peptide-based vaccine increased the TTP and OS, while maintaining a safe profile. Moreover, vaccinated dogs developed a tumor-specific response, supporting the feasibility of future phase three studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Marconato
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (S.S.); (C.A.); (A.B.); (A.F.); (S.P.); (N.R.)
| | - Luca Tiraboschi
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (L.T.); (A.M.); (M.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Marina Aralla
- Pronto Soccorso Veterinario Laudense, 26900 Lodi, Italy;
| | - Silvia Sabattini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (S.S.); (C.A.); (A.B.); (A.F.); (S.P.); (N.R.)
| | - Alessia Melacarne
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (L.T.); (A.M.); (M.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Chiara Agnoli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (S.S.); (C.A.); (A.B.); (A.F.); (S.P.); (N.R.)
| | - Andrea Balboni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (S.S.); (C.A.); (A.B.); (A.F.); (S.P.); (N.R.)
| | - Marta Salvi
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (L.T.); (A.M.); (M.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Armando Foglia
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (S.S.); (C.A.); (A.B.); (A.F.); (S.P.); (N.R.)
| | - Sofia Punzi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (S.S.); (C.A.); (A.B.); (A.F.); (S.P.); (N.R.)
| | - Noemi Romagnoli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (S.S.); (C.A.); (A.B.); (A.F.); (S.P.); (N.R.)
| | - Maria Rescigno
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (L.T.); (A.M.); (M.S.); (M.R.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
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De Nardi AB, de Oliveira Massoco Salles Gomes C, Fonseca-Alves CE, de Paiva FN, Linhares LCM, Carra GJU, dos Santos Horta R, Ruiz Sueiro FA, Jark PC, Nishiya AT, de Carvalho Vasconcellos CH, Ubukata R, Batschinski K, Sobral RA, Fernandes SC, Biondi LR, De Francisco Strefezzi R, Matera JM, Rangel MMM, dos Anjos DS, Brunner CHM, Laufer-Amorim R, Cadrobbi KG, Cirillo JV, Martins MC, de Paula Reis Filho N, Silva Lessa DF, Portela R, Scarpa Carneiro C, Ricci Lucas SR, Fukumasu H, Feliciano MAR, Gomes Quitzan J, Dagli MLZ. Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment of Canine Hemangiosarcoma: A Review Based on a Consensus Organized by the Brazilian Association of Veterinary Oncology, ABROVET. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15072025. [PMID: 37046686 PMCID: PMC10093745 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15072025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemangiosarcoma is a mesenchymal neoplasm originating in the endothelial cells of blood vessels; they can be classified as non-visceral and visceral types. Non-visceral hemangiosarcomas can affect the skin, subcutaneous tissues, and muscle tissues; visceral hemangiosarcomas can affect the spleen, liver, heart, lungs, kidneys, oral cavity, bones, bladder, uterus, tongue, and retroperitoneum. Among domestic species, dogs are most affected by cutaneous HSA. Cutaneous HSA represents approximately 14% of all HSA diagnosed in this species and less than 5% of dermal tumors, according to North American studies. However, Brazilian epidemiological data demonstrate a higher prevalence, which may represent 27 to 80% of all canine HSAs and 13.9% of all skin neoplasms diagnosed in this species. Cutaneous HSA most commonly affects middle-aged to elderly dogs (between 8 and 15 years old), with no gender predisposition for either the actinic or non-actinic forms. The higher prevalence of cutaneous HSA in some canine breeds is related to lower protection from solar radiation, as low skin pigmentation and hair coverage lead to greater sun exposure. Actinic changes, such as solar dermatosis, are frequent in these patients, confirming the influence of solar radiation on the development of this neoplasm. There are multiple clinical manifestations of hemangiosarcoma in canines. The diagnostic approach and staging classification of cutaneous HSAs are similar between the different subtypes. The definitive diagnosis is obtained through histopathological analysis of incisional or excisional biopsies. Cytology can be used as a presurgical screening test; however, it has little diagnostic utility in cases of HSA because there is a high risk of blood contamination and sample hemodilution. Surgery is generally the treatment of choice for dogs with localized non-visceral HSA without evidence of metastatic disease. Recently, electrochemotherapy (ECT) has emerged as an alternative therapy for the local ablative treatment of different neoplastic types; the use of radiotherapy for the treatment of dogs with cutaneous HSA is uncommon. There is greater consensus in the literature regarding the indications for adjuvant chemotherapy in subcutaneous and muscular HSA; doxorubicin is the most frequently used antineoplastic agent for subcutaneous and muscular subtypes and can be administered alone or in combination with other drugs. Other therapies include antiangiogenic therapy, photodynamic therapy, the association of chemotherapy with the metronomic dose, targeted therapies, and natural products. The benefits of these therapies are presented and discussed. In general, the prognosis of splenic and cardiac HSA is unfavorable. As a challenging neoplasm, studies of new protocols and treatment modalities are necessary to control this aggressive disease.
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Philp HS, Farrell KS, Li RHL. Case report: Disseminated intravascular coagulation in a dog following treatment with melarsomine for Dirofilaria immitis. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1118798. [PMID: 36814463 PMCID: PMC9939911 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1118798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Disseminated intravascular coagulation following melarsomine therapy for Dirofilaria immitis (D. immitis) is reported in a 9-year-old female intact pit bull-type dog. The dog had been diagnosed with D. immitis (antigen and microfilaria positive) and treated with imidacloprid, moxidectin, doxycycline and 3 doses of melarsomine over a 92-day period. Seven days after the third melarsomine injection, the patient was presented to her family veterinarian due to right pelvic limb swelling. Prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin times were prolonged beyond the detectable range. Treatment included vitamin K1 and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) prior to referral to the authors' institution. At this time the patient remained coagulopathic. Further investigations included thoracic radiographs, abdominal ultrasound and an echocardiogram. The patient was administered multiple units of packed red blood cells and FFP, sildenafil, dexamethasone SP, aminocaproic acid and vitamin K1. Repeat CBC approximately 20 h after admission showed persistent anemia and thrombocytopenia. Despite ongoing administration of FFP, a repeat coagulation panel showed worsening of the coagulopathy with prothrombin time of 84.2s [reference interval (RI) 7.0-9.3s], activated partial thromboplastin time >140s (RI 10.4-12.9s) and fibrinogen <50 mg/dL (RI 109-311 mg/dL). Following discussion with the owners, the patient was euthanized. Necropsy was performed and confirmed heartworm infection with severe pulmonary arterial thrombosis, vascular remodeling, and intraluminal degenerate nematodes. Multifocal subcutaneous and organ hemorrhage was apparent. Although coagulopathy has been described in caval syndrome associated with heartworm disease and is listed as a potential side effect of melarsomine administration, this is the first report of documented disseminated intravascular coagulation following melarsomine treatment for D. immitis. Potential mechanisms for the coagulopathy are discussed and the case report highlights a rare, but serious complication of adulticide therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen S. Philp
- William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States,*Correspondence: Helen S. Philp ✉
| | - Kate S. Farrell
- Department of Veterinary Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Ronald H. L. Li
- Department of Veterinary Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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Parisi F, Abramo F, Maimone M, Poli A, Millanta F. Skin Photodamage Lesions in a Bilateral Feline Auricular Primary Fibrosarcoma. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9100548. [PMID: 36288161 PMCID: PMC9611120 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9100548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As with human species, recent studies also suggest a photoinduced etiopathology for non-epithelial cutaneous tumors in feline species. We report a recent case of a ten-year-old male cat with a white-hair coat and mesenchymal neoplasms of both auricles. Cytology, complete blood count (CBC), serum biochemistry and imaging examinations were performed. After surgery, the samples underwent routinary histopathology and were additionally stained with orcein. A routine analysis yielded values within a normal range and the imaging examination showed no abnormalities, suggesting that the bilateral presentation of neoplasms was primary rather than metastatic. The cytology was inconclusive, but, through histopathology, two well-differentiated fibrosarcomas were diagnosed and histopathological changes related to chronic UV exposure (such as epidermal hyperplasia, stratification disorders, keratinocyte dysplasia and an accumulation of elastotic material) were documented in the skin adjacent to the lesions. An orcein stain succeeded in highlighting elastosis. The elastic fibers lost their regular structure and orientation and appeared to be fragmented, wavy to branched and knotted. A morphometric analysis showed that the amount of elastotic material in the dermis close to the tumors was more than double compared with the more distant areas. Elastosis is considered to be a hallmark of photodamage; thus, an involvement of UV rays in the carcinogenic process of the tumors may be suspected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Parisi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge n. 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-05-0221-6982
| | - Francesca Abramo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge n. 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Maimone
- Clinica Veterinaria Foce, via Eugenio Baroni, 26R, 16129 Genova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Poli
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge n. 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Millanta
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge n. 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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Auricular Non-Epithelial Tumors with Solar Elastosis in Cats: A Possible UV-Induced Pathogenesis. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9020034. [PMID: 35202288 PMCID: PMC8874616 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9020034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The photoinduced etiopathology of actinic keratosis and squamous cell carcinoma in feline species is well known. This etiology has also been reported for non-epithelial cutaneous tumors in other species. To date, no cases of auricular non-epithelial cutaneous neoplasms erased in a contest of actinic keratosis in cats have been reported. The aim of this study was to describe feline auricular non-epithelial cutaneous neoplasms associated with typical UV-induced cutaneous lesions and solar elastosis. The study was conducted on five feline cases diagnosed with auricular non-epithelial cutaneous tumors (two fibrosarcomas, one mixosarcoma, one epithelioid melanoma and one hemangiosarcoma), selected from the Tumor Registry of the Department of Veterinary Sciences of the University of Pisa (1998–2018). Ten and six feline auricular biopsies of normal skin and skin with actinic keratosis, respectively, were used as controls. Orcein stain was used to investigate solar elastosis. Histological changes related to chronic solar irradiation were documented in the skin adjacent to the neoplastic lesions in the five cats. Considering the anatomical localization and the results of histopathology, this study suggests that non-epithelial cutaneous neoplasms may have a UV-induced etiopathogenesis in the feline species.
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Bourne KL, Hovis KN, Dolan CR, Wusterfeld-Janssens B, Wilson-Robles H. Canine Intrapelvic Hemangiosarcoma in 12 Dogs (2000–2019): a Retrospective Case Series. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2022. [DOI: 10.5326/jaaha-ms-7142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Intrapelvic hemangiosarcoma (IP HSA) is an uncommon primary location of canine HSA, and its presentation appears to be different than that of other intra-abdominal HSA locations. The objectives of this study were to report on the clinical presentation, diagnostic options, and clinical outcomes of dogs with IP HSA. Medical records from two veterinary teaching hospitals between 2000 and 2019 were reviewed for dogs diagnosed with IP HSA. Inclusion criteria consisted of a cytologic or histopathologic diagnosis of HSA from a mass arising from the muscles of the pelvic canal. Exclusion criteria included masses arising from organs within the pelvic canal, including the urethra, prostate, and urinary bladder. Twelve dogs were ultimately included in the study. Clinical presentation of IP HSA was varied, with clinical signs including hindlimb lameness, urethral obstruction, and evidence of hemoperitoneum. The median progression free survival was 92 days (range: 1–1057 days). The overall survival time was 165 days (range: 1–1170 days). IP HSA is an underreported location of canine HSA with similar biologic behavior and outcome compared with visceral HSA. It serves as an important differential in patients presenting with new-onset lameness and urethral obstruction.
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Griffin MA, Culp WTN, Rebhun RB. Canine and feline haemangiosarcoma. Vet Rec 2021; 189:e585. [PMID: 34213807 DOI: 10.1002/vetr.585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Haemangiosarcoma (HSA) is a malignant neoplasm of dogs and cats that is suspected to originate from a pluripotent bone marrow progenitor with a complex and multifactorial pathogenesis. APPROACH Pertinent literature was identified, reviewed, and summarized for inclusion in the manuscript. RESULTS/INTERPRETATION Dogs are more frequently diagnosed with HSA than cats, and primary sites of this disease include dermal, subcutaneous/intramuscular, and visceral (most commonly the spleen). Dogs and cats with HSA generally have a poor prognosis owing to the rapid and widespread metastasis typically associated with this disease. However, some forms such as cutaneous HSA behave in a less aggressive fashion with improved outcomes. Surgical excision and anthracycline-based chemotherapy remain the mainstays of treatment, although novel treatment modalities are currently under investigation for potential roles in treatment of this disease. CONCLUSION This review aims to describe the clinical presentation and progression of the various forms of HSA in dogs and cats as well as to provide a systematic review of the veterinary literature with a focus on the various published treatment options and associated outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen A Griffin
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - William T N Culp
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Robert B Rebhun
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA
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Park CS, Sawyere DM. Unusual case of splenic haemangiosarcoma with suspected scrotal metastasis in a 13‐year‐old English Pointer. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/vetreccr-2020-001216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clair S Park
- Small Animal Clinical ScienceVirginia‐Maryland Regional College of Veterinary MedicineBlacksburgVirginiaUSA
| | - Dominique M Sawyere
- Small Animal Clinical ScienceVirginia‐Maryland Regional College of Veterinary MedicineBlacksburgVirginiaUSA
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García-Iglesias MJ, Cuevas-Higuera JL, Bastida-Sáenz A, de Garnica-García MG, Polledo L, Perero P, González-Fernández J, Fernández-Martínez B, Pérez-Martínez C. Immunohistochemical detection of p53 and pp53 Ser 392 in canine hemangiomas and hemangiosarcomas located in the skin. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:239. [PMID: 32660487 PMCID: PMC7359283 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02457-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background p53 protein is essential for the regulation of cell proliferation. Aberrant accumulation of it usually occurs in cutaneous malignancies. Mutant p53 is detected by immunohistochemistry because it is more stable than the wild-type p53. However, post-translational modifications of p53 in response to ultraviolet radiation are important mechanisms of wild-type p53 stabilization, leading to positive staining in the absence of mutation. The aims were: 1) to analyze the immunohistochemical expression of p53 and phospho-p53 Serine392 in canine skin endothelial tumours; and 2) to determine if any relationship exists between p53 and phospho-p53 Serine392 overexpression and cell proliferation. Results p53 and phospho-p53 Serine392 immunolabeling was examined in 40 canine cutaneous endothelial tumours (13 hemangiomas and 27 hemangiosarcomas). Their expression was associated with tumour size, hemangiosarcoma stage (dermal versus hypodermal), histological diagnosis and proliferative activity (mitotic count and Ki-67 index). Statistical analysis revealed a significant increase of p53 immunoreactivity in hemangiosarcomas (median, 74.61%; interquartile range [IQR], 66.97–82.98%) versus hemangiomas (median, 0%; IQR, 0–20.91%) (p < .001) and in well-differentiated hemangiosarcomas (median, 82.40%; IQR, 66.49–83.17%) versus hemangiomas (p = .002). Phospho-p53 Serine392 immunoreactivity was significantly higher in hemangiosarcomas (median, 53.80%; IQR, 0–69.50%) than in hemangiomas (median, 0%; IQR, 0.0%) (p < .001). Positive correlation of the overexpression of p53 and phospho-p53 Serine392 with mitotic count and Ki-67 index was found in the cutaneous vascular tumours (p < .001). The Ki-67 index of the hemangiomas (median, 0.50%; IQR, 0–2.80%) was significantly lower than that of the hemangiosarcomas (median, 34.85%; IQR, 23.88–42.33%) (p < .001), and that specifically of well-differentiated hemangiosarcomas (median, 24.60%; IQR, 15.45–39.35%) (p = .001). Immunolabeling of 18 visceral hemangiosarcomas showed that the p53 (median, 41.59%; IQR, 26.89–64.87%) and phospho-p53 Serine392 (median, 0%; IQR, 0–22.53%) indexes were significantly lower than those of skin (p = .001; p = .006, respectively). Conclusions The p53 and phospho-p53 Serine392overexpression together with high proliferative activity in hemangiosarcomas versus hemangiomas indicated that p53 might play a role in the acquisition of malignant phenotypes in cutaneous endothelial neoplasms in dogs. The Ki-67 index may be useful in distinguishing canine well-differentiated hemangiosarcomas from hemangiomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José García-Iglesias
- Histology and Pathological Anatomy Section, Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of León, León, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Cuevas-Higuera
- Histology and Pathological Anatomy Section, Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Ana Bastida-Sáenz
- Histology and Pathological Anatomy Section, Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of León, León, Spain
| | | | | | - Paula Perero
- Histology and Pathological Anatomy Section, Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of León, León, Spain
| | | | | | - Claudia Pérez-Martínez
- Histology and Pathological Anatomy Section, Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of León, León, Spain. .,Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain.
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Mendez SE, Sykes Crumplar SE, Durham AC. Primary Hemangiosarcoma of the Falciform Fat in Seven Dogs (2007-2015). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2020; 56:120-126. [PMID: 31961215 DOI: 10.5326/jaaha-ms-6967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Canine hemangiosarcoma (HSA), a malignant neoplasm of vascular endothelial or bone marrow progenitor cell origin, most often affects the spleen, heart, and liver and typically has an aggressive biologic behavior. Canine HSA arising from the falciform fat/ligament represents a rare anatomic variant, with only two reports in the veterinary literature. In this study, we describe the clinical presentation, treatment, and outcome of seven dogs with primary HSA of the falciform ligament. Histologic grade and mitotic score were not significantly associated with outcome. All dogs had the primary tumor surgically excised except for one diagnosed at necropsy. Median overall survival for all dogs diagnosed prior to necropsy was 339 days, and the 1 yr survival rate was 50%. Four dogs were treated with adjuvant chemotherapy and had a significantly longer median overall survival (394 versus 83 days) than those that did not (P = .018). Dogs with HSA of the falciform ligament may have improved 1 yr survival rates and longer median survival time compared with dogs with HSA in more common visceral locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Esther Mendez
- From the Department of Oncology (S.E.M.) and the Comparative Pathology Core (A.C.D.), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and Corteva Agriscience, Wilmington, Delaware (S.E.S.C.)
| | - Sarah E Sykes Crumplar
- From the Department of Oncology (S.E.M.) and the Comparative Pathology Core (A.C.D.), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and Corteva Agriscience, Wilmington, Delaware (S.E.S.C.)
| | - Amy C Durham
- From the Department of Oncology (S.E.M.) and the Comparative Pathology Core (A.C.D.), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and Corteva Agriscience, Wilmington, Delaware (S.E.S.C.)
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Abstract
Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) and hemangiosarcoma (HSA) are uncommon and aggressive neoplasms that develop much more frequently in dogs than in cats. Breed-specific predispositions have been identified for both cancers. The development of novel diagnostics is underway and may aid in earlier diagnosis. Therapeutic approaches to HS and HSA depend on the stage of disease and may include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Such interventions improve outcome; however, aside from a small number of clinical circumstances, both diseases are considered largely incurable. Continued efforts toward the identification of driver mutations and subsequent druggable targets may lead to improvements in long-term prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Mullin
- Hope Veterinary Specialists, 40 Three Tun Road, Malvern, PA 19355, USA.
| | - Craig A Clifford
- Hope Veterinary Specialists, 40 Three Tun Road, Malvern, PA 19355, USA
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Willcox JL, Marks SL, Ueda Y, Skorupski KA. Clinical features and outcome of dermal squamous cell carcinoma in 193 dogs (1987-2017). Vet Comp Oncol 2019; 17:130-138. [PMID: 30684311 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a frequently recognized dermal tumour in dogs and has been described as a common pathology induced by solar ultraviolet radiation exposure. Little has been published about this neoplasm with regard to clinical features and outcome in dogs. This retrospective study included 193 dogs from a single institution histopathologically diagnosed with SCC of the dermis. Thirty-eight percent of all dogs had documented histopathologic actinic change. The overall median survival time was 1004 days, with the population demonstrating actinic change associated with a significantly longer survival time (median 1359 days, range 16-3530 days) compared to dogs without actinic change (median 680 days, range 16-3066 days) and this achieved significance on multivariate analysis (hazard ratio 0.42, 95% confidence interval 0.193-0.930, P = 0.032). These data demonstrate increased survival of dogs with SCC demonstrating actinic change over those with non-actinic SCCs, and purports long-term survival for these animals. Dogs received a variety of treatment approaches as a retrospective study, and future prospective studies will be necessary to investigate whether adjunct therapies such as radiation or chemotherapy offer improvement in survival for dermal SCC in the dog.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Willcox
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Stanley L Marks
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Yu Ueda
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Katherine A Skorupski
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
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13
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Canine Cutaneous Haemangiosarcoma: Biomarkers and Survival. J Comp Pathol 2019; 166:87-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2018.10.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Halsey CHC, Worley DR, Curran K, Charles JB, Ehrhart EJ. The use of novel lymphatic endothelial cell-specific immunohistochemical markers to differentiate cutaneous angiosarcomas in dogs. Vet Comp Oncol 2014; 14:236-44. [DOI: 10.1111/vco.12088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Revised: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. H. C. Halsey
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, Pathology; Colorado State University; Fort Collins CO USA
| | - D. R. Worley
- Flint Animal Cancer Center; Colorado State University; Fort Collins CO USA
| | - K. Curran
- Flint Animal Cancer Center; Colorado State University; Fort Collins CO USA
| | - J. B. Charles
- Flint Animal Cancer Center; Colorado State University; Fort Collins CO USA
| | - E. J. Ehrhart
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, Pathology; Colorado State University; Fort Collins CO USA
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15
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Burton JH, Powers BE, Biller BJ. Clinical outcome in 20 cases of lingual hemangiosarcoma in dogs: 1996-2011. Vet Comp Oncol 2012; 12:198-204. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5829.2012.00351.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2012] [Revised: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. H. Burton
- Department of Clinical Sciences; Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University; Fort Collins CO USA
| | - B. E. Powers
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology; Colorado State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratories; Fort Collins CO USA
| | - B. J. Biller
- Department of Clinical Sciences; Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University; Fort Collins CO USA
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