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Gu D, Jia T, Wei H, Fang M, Yu F, Shu L, Wang X, Li G, Cai X, Mu X, Xu M, Wang J, Hu Y. Biotic resistance to fish invasions in southern China: Evidence from biomass, habitat, and fertility limitation. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2023; 33:e2819. [PMID: 36793187 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms underlying the invasion success or failure of alien species can help to predict future invasions and cope with the invaders. The biotic resistance hypothesis posits that diverse communities are more resistant to invasion. While many studies have examined this hypothesis, the majority of them have focused on the relationship between alien and native species richness in plant communities, and results have often been inconsistent. In southern China, many rivers have been invaded by alien fish species, providing an opportunity to test the resistance of native fish communities to alien fish invasions. Using survey data for 60,155 freshwater fish collected from five main rivers of southern China for 3 years, we assessed the relationships between native fish richness and the richness and biomass of alien fishes at river and reach spatial scales, respectively. Based on two manipulative experiments, we further examined the impact of native fish richness on habitat selection and the reproductive ability of an exotic model species Coptodon zillii. We found no apparent relationship between alien and native fish richness, whereas the biomass of alien fish significantly decreased with increasing native fish richness. In experiments, C. zillii preferred to invade those habitats that had low native fish richness, given evenly distributed food resources; reproduction of C. zillii was strongly depressed by a native carnivorous fish Channa maculata. Together, our results indicate that native fish diversity can continue to provide biotic resistance to alien fish species in terms of limiting their growth, habitat selection, and reproduction when these aliens have successfully invaded southern China. We thus advocate for fish biodiversity conservation, especially for key species, to mitigate against the population development and ecological impact of alien fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dangen Gu
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Aquatic Invasive Alien Species, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
- Zhaoqing Branch Center of Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Zhaoqing, China
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Alien Species and Ecological Security (CAFS), Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Jia
- Rural Energy Environment Agency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Wei
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Aquatic Invasive Alien Species, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
- Zhaoqing Branch Center of Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Zhaoqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Alien Species and Ecological Security (CAFS), Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miao Fang
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Aquatic Invasive Alien Species, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
- Zhaoqing Branch Center of Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Zhaoqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Alien Species and Ecological Security (CAFS), Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fandong Yu
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Aquatic Invasive Alien Species, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
- Zhaoqing Branch Center of Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Zhaoqing, China
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Shu
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Aquatic Invasive Alien Species, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
- Zhaoqing Branch Center of Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Zhaoqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Alien Species and Ecological Security (CAFS), Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuejie Wang
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Aquatic Invasive Alien Species, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Alien Species and Ecological Security (CAFS), Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gaojun Li
- Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Xingwei Cai
- Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Xidong Mu
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Aquatic Invasive Alien Species, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Alien Species and Ecological Security (CAFS), Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Xu
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Aquatic Invasive Alien Species, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
- Zhaoqing Branch Center of Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Zhaoqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Alien Species and Ecological Security (CAFS), Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinchang Hu
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Aquatic Invasive Alien Species, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
- Zhaoqing Branch Center of Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Zhaoqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Alien Species and Ecological Security (CAFS), Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
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Pyke DA, Shaff SE, Chambers JC, Schupp EW, Newingham BA, Gray ML, Ellsworth LM. Ten‐year ecological responses to fuel treatments within semiarid Wyoming big sagebrush ecosystems. Ecosphere 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David A. Pyke
- U.S. Geological Survey Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center Corvallis Oregon USA
| | - Scott E. Shaff
- U.S. Geological Survey Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center Corvallis Oregon USA
| | - Jeanne C. Chambers
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Reno Nevada USA
| | - Eugene W. Schupp
- Department of Wildland Resources/Ecology Center Utah State University Logan Utah USA
| | - Beth A. Newingham
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service Great Basin Rangelands Research Unit Reno Nevada USA
| | - Margaret L. Gray
- Department of Wildland Resources/Ecology Center Utah State University Logan Utah USA
| | - Lisa M. Ellsworth
- Fisheries and Wildlife Department Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon USA
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3
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The dilemma of Guinea grass (Megathyrsus maximus): a valued pasture grass and a highly invasive species. Biol Invasions 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-021-02607-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Davies KW, Boyd CS. Seeding locally sourced native compared to introduced bunchgrasses post‐wildfire in frigid Wyoming big sagebrush communities. Restor Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kirk W. Davies
- Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center USDA‐Agricultural Research Service Burns Oregon USA
| | - Chad S. Boyd
- Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center USDA‐Agricultural Research Service Burns Oregon USA
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5
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Framework for Spatial and Temporal Monitoring of Urban Forest and Vegetation Conditions: Case Study Zagreb, Croatia. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13116055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Urban forest and vegetation conditions are an important variable in urban ecosystem management decision-making. However, it is difficult to evaluate and monitor solely on the basis of field measurements. Remote sensing technologies can greatly contribute to the faster extraction and mapping of vegetation health status indicators, on the basis of which agronomy and forestry experts can draw conclusions about the condition of urban vegetation in larger areas. A new remote sensing-based urban forest and vegetation cover monitoring framework is presented and applied to a case study of the city of Zagreb, Croatia. In this study, Sentinel-2 multi-temporal imagery was used to derive and analyze the current state of urban forest cover. Vegetation indices (NDVI, RVI, and GRVI) were calculated. K-means unsupervised classification of the vegetation indices was conducted. In this way, the dimensionality of the vegetation indices was reduced, while all the data contained in it were used to represent their graded values. Vegetation that was in a poor condition stood out better that way. Finally, PCA-based change detection was performed on the vegetation indices graded values, and a map of change was produced. These results need to be interpreted and validated by foresters and agronomists in further research.
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Damasceno G, Fidelis A. Abundance of invasive grasses is dependent on fire regime and climatic conditions in tropical savannas. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 271:111016. [PMID: 32778299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Invasive grasses are a threat to some tropical savannas, but despite being fire-prone ecosystems, little is known about the relationships between fire season, climatic conditions and invasive species on these systems. We evaluated the response of the perennial invasive grasses Melinis minutiflora and Urochloa brizantha to three fire seasons in an open tropical savanna in South America: Early-Dry (May), Mid-Dry (July) and Late-Dry (October) in relation to unburned Controls. Moreover, we investigated how these responses were influenced by precipitation and extreme air temperatures. We hypothesized that biomass of both species would be reduced by fires during their reproductive period and that climatic conditions would affect them equally. We conducted prescribed burns on 15 × 15 m plots (4 plots x 4 treatment x 2 invasive species = 32 plots) in 2014. We sampled the biomass before the burn experiments and for the next two years (five 0.25 m2 samples/plot). Our experiments revealed that the fire season did not influence the abundance of either species. However, the two species responded differently to fire occurrence: M. minutiflora decreased whereas U. brizantha was not affected by fires. Early-Dry and Late-Dry fire treatments enhanced the replacement of M. minutiflora by U. brizantha. We found that the influence of precipitation depended on the species: it reduced M. minutiflora but increased U. brizantha abundance. Lower monthly minimum temperatures decreased the abundance of both species. It directly reduced live M. minutiflora and increased dead U. brizantha biomass. Monthly maximum temperatures affected the invasive grasses by reducing live M. minutiflora. Since tropical savannas are predicted to face climatic instability and that climate influences the differential response of invasive species, the management of invaders should consider both the identity of the target species and the possible interactions with other invasive species. Moreover, it is essential to keep an adaptive management approach to face the uncertainties that climate change may pose to biodiversity conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Damasceno
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Instituto de Biociências, Rio Claro, Brazil.
| | - Alessandra Fidelis
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Instituto de Biociências, Rio Claro, Brazil.
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Kildisheva OA, Erickson TE, Madsen MD, Dixon KW, Merritt DJ. Seed germination and dormancy traits of forbs and shrubs important for restoration of North American dryland ecosystems. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2019; 21:458-469. [PMID: 30098068 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In degraded dryland systems, native plant community re-establishment following disturbance is almost exclusively carried out using seeds, but these efforts commonly fail. Much of this failure can be attributed to the limited understanding of seed dormancy and germination traits. We undertook a systematic classification of seed dormancy of 26 species of annual and perennial forbs and shrubs that represent key, dominant genera used in restoration of the Great Basin ecosystem in the western United States. We examined germination across a wide thermal profile to depict species-specific characteristics and assessed the potential of gibberellic acid (GA3 ) and karrikinolide (KAR1 ) to expand the thermal germination envelope of fresh seeds. Of the tested species, 81% produce seeds that are dormant at maturity. The largest proportion (62%) exhibited physiological (PD), followed by physical (PY, 8%), combinational (PY + PD, 8%) and morphophysiological (MPD, 4%) dormancy classes. The effects of chemical stimulants were temperature- and species-mediated. In general, mean germination across the thermal profile was improved by GA3 and KAR1 for 11 and five species, respectively. We detected a strong germination response to temperature in freshly collected seeds of 20 species. Temperatures below 10 °C limited the germination of all except Agoseris heterophylla, suggesting that in their dormant state, the majority of these species are thermally restricted. Our findings demonstrate the utility of dormancy classification as a foundation for understanding the critical regenerative traits in these ecologically important species and highlight its importance in restoration planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Kildisheva
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- Chicago Botanic Garden, Glencoe, IL, USA
| | - T E Erickson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- Kings Park Science, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Kings Park, WA, Australia
| | - M D Madsen
- Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - K W Dixon
- Department of Environment and Agriculture, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - D J Merritt
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- Kings Park Science, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Kings Park, WA, Australia
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Fill JM, Pearson E, Knight TM, Crandall RM. An invasive legume increases perennial grass biomass: An indirect pathway for plant community change. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211295. [PMID: 30682179 PMCID: PMC6347436 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of native grasses in communities can suppress native forbs through competition and indirectly benefit these forbs by suppressing the invasion of highly competitive exotic species. We conducted a greenhouse experiment to examine the potential of direct and indirect interactions to influence the aboveground biomass of four native forb species in the presence of the native perennial grass Schizachyrium scoparium and exotic invasive Lespedeza cuneata. We examined patterns of growth for the invasive legume, the perennial grass, and four native species in four scenarios: 1) native species grown with the grass, 2) native species grown with the legume, 3) native species grown with both the grass and legume together, and 4) native species grown alone. Schizachyrium scoparium significantly decreased biomass of all forb species (p<0.05). In contrast, L. cuneata alone only significantly affected biomass of Asclepias tuberosa; L. cuneata increased the biomass of A. tuberosa only when the grass was present. When S. scoparium and L. cuneata were grown together, L. cuneata had significantly lower biomass (p = 0.007) and S. scoparium had significantly greater biomass (p = 0.002) than when each grew alone. These reciprocal effects suggest a potential pathway by which L. cuneata could alter forb diversity in grassland communities In this scenario, L. cuneata facilitates grass growth and competition with other natives. Our results emphasize the importance of monitoring interactions between exotic invasive plant species and dominant native species in grassland communities to understand pathways of plant community change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M. Fill
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Eleanor Pearson
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Tiffany M. Knight
- Department of Community Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research- UFZ, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Raelene M. Crandall
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
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Brown VS, Ritchie AL, Stevens JC, Harris RJ, Madsen MD, Erickson TE. Protecting direct seeded grasses from herbicide application: can new extruded pellet formulations be used in restoring natural plant communities? Restor Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa S. Brown
- School of Molecular and Life SciencesCurtin University Bentley Western Australia Australia
| | - Alison L. Ritchie
- Kings Park ScienceDepartment of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions Western Australia Australia
| | - Jason C. Stevens
- Kings Park ScienceDepartment of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions Western Australia Australia
- School of Biological SciencesThe University of Western Australia Crawley Western Australia Australia
| | - Richard J. Harris
- School of Molecular and Life SciencesCurtin University Bentley Western Australia Australia
| | - Matthew D. Madsen
- Department of Plant and Wildlife SciencesBrigham Young University Provo UT 84602 U.S.A
| | - Todd E. Erickson
- Kings Park ScienceDepartment of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions Western Australia Australia
- School of Biological SciencesThe University of Western Australia Crawley Western Australia Australia
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Harper AR, Doerr SH, Santin C, Froyd CA, Sinnadurai P. Prescribed fire and its impacts on ecosystem services in the UK. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 624:691-703. [PMID: 29272838 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The impacts of vegetation fires on ecosystems are complex and varied affecting a range of important ecosystem services. Fire has the potential to affect the physicochemical and ecological status of water systems, alter several aspects of the carbon cycle (e.g. above- and below-ground carbon storage) and trigger changes in vegetation type and structure. Globally, fire is an essential part of land management in fire-prone regions in, e.g. Australia, the USA and some Mediterranean countries to mitigate the likelihood of catastrophic wildfires and sustain healthy ecosystems. In the less-fire prone UK, fire has a long history of usage in management for enhancing the productivity of heather, red grouse and sheep. This distinctly different socioeconomic tradition of burning underlies some of the controversy in recent decades in the UK around the use of fire. Negative public opinion and opposition from popular media have highlighted concerns around the detrimental impacts burning can have on the health and diversity of upland habitats. It is evident there are many gaps in the current knowledge around the environmental impacts of prescribed burning in less fire-prone regions (e.g. UK). Land owners and managers require a greater level of certainty on the advantages and disadvantages of prescribed burning in comparison to other techniques to better inform management practices. This paper addresses this gap by providing a critical review of published work and future research directions related to the impacts of prescribed fire on three key aspects of ecosystem services: (i) water quality, (ii) carbon dynamics and (iii) habitat composition and structure (biodiversity). Its overall aims are to provide guidance based on the current state-of-the-art for researchers, land owners, managers and policy makers on the potential effects of the use of burning and to inform the wider debate about the place of fire in modern conservation and land management in humid temperate ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashleigh R Harper
- Department of Geography, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK.
| | - Stefan H Doerr
- Department of Geography, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Cristina Santin
- Department of Geography, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK; Department of Biosciences, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Cynthia A Froyd
- Department of Biosciences, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Paul Sinnadurai
- Brecon Beacons National Park Authority, Cambrian Way, Brecon LD3 7HP, UK
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Perkins LB, Bennett JR. A field test of commercial soil microbial treatments on native grassland restoration. Restor Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lora B. Perkins
- Department of Natural Resource Management; South Dakota State University; Brookings SD 57007 U.S.A
| | - Joe R. Bennett
- Department of Natural Resource Management; South Dakota State University; Brookings SD 57007 U.S.A
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12
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Effects of early experience and alternative feeds on medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae ssp. asperum) intake by sheep. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2016.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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13
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Hacker RB, Toole ID, Melville GJ, Alemseged Y, Smith WJ. Managing competitive interactions to promote regeneration of native perennial grasses in semi-arid south-eastern Australia. RANGELAND JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/rj16048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Treatments to reduce available soil nitrogen and achieve specified levels of weed control were evaluated for their capacity to promote regeneration of native perennial grasses in a degraded semi-arid woodland in central-western New South Wales. Treatments were factorial combinations of nitrogen-reduction levels and weed-control levels. The four levels of nitrogen reduction were no intervention, and oversowing of an unfertilised summer crop, an unfertilised winter crop or an unfertilised perennial grass. The three weed-control levels were defined by the outcome sought rather than the chemical applied and were nil, control of annual legumes and control of all annual species (AA).
Regeneration of perennial grasses, predominantly Enteropogon acicularis, was promoted most rapidly by the AA level of weed control with no introduction of sown species. Sown species negated the benefits of weed control and limited but did not prevent the regeneration of native perennials. Sown species also contributed substantially to biomass production, which was otherwise severely limited under the AA level of weed control, and they were effective in reducing soil nitrogen availability. Sown species in combination with appropriate herbicide use can therefore maintain or increase available forage in the short–medium term, permit a low rate of native perennial grass recruitment, and condition the system (by reducing soil mineral nitrogen) for more rapid regeneration of native perennials should annual sowings be discontinued or a sown grass fail to persist.
Soil nitrate was reduced roughly in proportion to biomass production. High levels of soil nitrate did not inhibit native perennial grass regeneration when biomass was suppressed by AA weed control, and may be beneficial for pastoral production, but could also render sites more susceptible to future invasion of exotic annuals. The need for astute grazing management of the restored grassland is thus emphasised. This study was conducted on a site that supported a remnant population of perennial grasses. Use of the nitrogen-reduction techniques described may not be appropriate on sites where very few perennial grass plants remain.
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14
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Stonecipher CA, Panter KE, Villalba JJ. Effect of protein supplementation on forage utilization by cattle in annual grass-dominated rangelands in the Channeled Scablands of eastern Washington1. J Anim Sci 2016; 94:2572-82. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2016-0369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - K. E. Panter
- USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Logan, UT 84341
| | - J. J. Villalba
- Wildland Resources Department, Utah State University, Logan 84322
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15
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Madsen MD, Davies KW, Boyd CS, Kerby JD, Svejcar TJ. Emerging seed enhancement technologies for overcoming barriers to restoration. Restor Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D. Madsen
- Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences; Brigham Young University; Provo UT U.S.A
| | - Kirk W. Davies
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service; Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center; Burns OR U.S.A
| | - Chad S. Boyd
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service; Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center; Burns OR U.S.A
| | | | - Tony J. Svejcar
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service; Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center; Burns OR U.S.A
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16
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Can commercial soil microbial treatments remediate plant-soil feedbacks to improve restoration seedling performance? Restor Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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17
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Creutzburg MK, Halofsky JE, Halofsky JS, Christopher TA. Climate change and land management in the rangelands of central Oregon. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2015; 55:43-55. [PMID: 25216989 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-014-0362-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Climate change, along with exotic species, disturbances, and land use change, will likely have major impacts on sagebrush steppe ecosystems in the western U.S. over the next century. To effectively manage sagebrush steppe landscapes for long-term goals, managers need information about the interacting impacts of climate change, disturbances and land management on vegetation condition. Using a climate-informed state-and-transition model, we evaluated the potential impacts of climate change on rangeland condition in central Oregon and the effectiveness of multiple management strategies. Under three scenarios of climate change, we projected widespread shifts in potential vegetation types over the twenty-first century, with declining sagebrush steppe and expanding salt desert shrub likely by the end of the century. Many extreme fire years occurred under all climate change scenarios, triggering rapid vegetation shifts. Increasing wildfire under climate change resulted in expansion of exotic grasses but also decreased juniper encroachment relative to projections without climate change. Restoration treatments in warm-dry sagebrush steppe were ineffective in containing exotic grass, but juniper treatments in cool-moist sagebrush steppe substantially reduced the rate of juniper encroachment, particularly when prioritized early in the century. Overall, climate-related shifts dominated future vegetation patterns, making management for improved rangeland condition more difficult. Our approach allows researchers and managers to examine long-term trends and uncertainty in rangeland vegetation condition and test the effectiveness of alternative management actions under projected climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan K Creutzburg
- Department of Environmental Science and Management and Institute for Natural Resources, Portland State University, PO Box 751, Portland, OR, 97207-0751, USA,
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Rodhouse TJ, Irvine KM, Sheley RL, Smith BS, Hoh S, Esposito DM, Mata-Gonzalez R. Predicting foundation bunchgrass species abundances: model-assisted decision-making in protected-area sagebrush steppe. Ecosphere 2014. [DOI: 10.1890/es14-00169.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Schantz MC, Sheley RL, James JJ. Role of propagule pressure and priority effects on seedlings during invasion and restoration of shrub-steppe. Biol Invasions 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-014-0705-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Valkó O, Török P, Deák B, Tóthmérész B. Review: Prospects and limitations of prescribed burning as a management tool in European grasslands. Basic Appl Ecol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2013.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Davies KW. Plant community diversity and native plant abundance decline with increasing abundance of an exotic annual grass. Oecologia 2011; 167:481-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-011-1992-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2010] [Accepted: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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