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Labrie J, Rioux S, Wade MM, Champlin FR, Holman SC, Wilson WW, Savoye C, Kobisch M, Sirois M, Galarneau C, Jacques M. Identification of genes involved in biosynthesis of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 1 O-antigen and biological properties of rough mutants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/09680519020080010301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is an important pathogen of swine. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been identified as the major adhesin of A. pleuropneumoniae and it is involved in adherence to porcine respiratory tract cells. We previously generated seven rough LPS mutants of A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 1 by using a mini-Tn 10 transposon mutagenesis system [Rioux S, Galarneau C, Harel J et al. Isolation and characterization of mini-Tn 10 lipopolysaccharide mutants of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 1. Can J Microbiol 1999; 45: 1017—1026]. The purpose of the present study was to characterize these mutants in order to learn more about LPS O-antigen biosynthesis genes and their organization in A. pleuropneumoniae, and to determine the surface properties and virulence in pigs of these isogenic mutants. By mini-Tn 10 insertions in rough mutants, four putative genes (ORF12, ORF16, ORF17, and ORF18) involved in O-antigen biosynthesis in A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 1 were found within a region of 18 ORFs. This region is homologous to the gene cluster of serotype-specific O-polysaccharide biosynthesis from A. actinomycetemcomitans strain Y4 (serotype b). Two mutants showed homology to a protein with identity to glycosyltransferases (ORF12); two others had the mini-Tn 10 insertion localized in genes encoding for two distinct proteins with identity to rhamnosyltransferases (ORF16 and ORF17) and three showed homology to a protein which is known to initiate polysaccharide synthesis (ORF18). These four ORFs were also present in A. pleuropneumoniae serotypes 9 and 11 that express an O-antigen that serologically cross-reacts with serotype 1. Evaluation of some biological properties of rough mutants seems to indicate that the absence of O-chains does not appear to have an influence on the virulence of the bacteria in pigs and on the overall surface hydrophobicity, charge and hemoglobin-binding activity, or on LAL activation. An acapsular mutant was included in the present study in order to compare the influence of O-chains and capsule polysaccharides on different cell surface properties. Our data suggest that capsular polysaccharides and not O-chains polysaccharides have a major influence on surface properties of A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 1 and its virulence in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josée Labrie
- Groupe de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses du porc, Département de pathologie et microbiologie, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Stéphane Rioux
- Groupe de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses du porc, Département de pathologie et microbiologie, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada, Unité de recherche en vaccinologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Pavillon CHUL, Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada, G1V 4G2
| | - Mary Margaret Wade
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
| | - Franklin R. Champlin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
| | - Steven C. Holman
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
| | - W. William Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
| | - Chantal Savoye
- Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments, Laboratoire d'études et de recherches avicoles et porcines, Unité de recherche Mycoplasmologie Bactériologie, Zoopôle, Ploufragan, France
| | - Marylène Kobisch
- Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments, Laboratoire d'études et de recherches avicoles et porcines, Unité de recherche Mycoplasmologie Bactériologie, Zoopôle, Ploufragan, France
| | - Marc Sirois
- Département de chimie-biologie, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - Catherine Galarneau
- Groupe de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses du porc, Département de pathologie et microbiologie, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Mario Jacques
- Groupe de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses du porc, Département de pathologie et microbiologie, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada,
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Chiers K, De Waele T, Pasmans F, Ducatelle R, Haesebrouck F. Virulence factors of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae involved in colonization, persistence and induction of lesions in its porcine host. Vet Res 2010; 41:65. [PMID: 20546697 PMCID: PMC2899255 DOI: 10.1051/vetres/2010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2009] [Accepted: 06/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is the causative agent of porcine pleuropneumonia. The virulence factors of this microorganism involved in colonization and the induction of lung lesions have been thoroughly studied and some have been well characterized. A. pleuropneumoniae binds preferentially to cells of the lower respiratory tract in a process involving different adhesins and probably biofilm formation. Apx toxins and lipopolysaccharides exert pathogenic effects on several host cells, resulting in typical lung lesions. Lysis of host cells is essential for the bacterium to obtain nutrients from the environment and A. pleuropneumoniae has developed several uptake mechanisms for these nutrients. In addition to persistence in lung lesions, colonization of the upper respiratory tract – and of the tonsils in particular – may also be important for long-term persistent asymptomatic infection. Information on virulence factors involved in tonsillar and nasal cavity colonization and persistence is scarce, but it can be speculated that similar features as demonstrated for the lung may play a role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen Chiers
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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Srikumar R, Mikael LG, Pawelek PD, Khamessan A, Gibbs BF, Jacques M, Coulton JW. Molecular cloning of haemoglobin-binding protein HgbA in the outer membrane of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. Microbiology (Reading) 2004; 150:1723-1734. [PMID: 15184559 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.27046-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
From the porcine pathogenActinobacillus pleuropneumoniaecultivated in iron-deficient or haem-deficient media, haemoglobin (Hb)-agarose affinity purification was exploited to isolate an outer-membrane protein of ∼105 kDa, designated HgbA. Internal peptide sequences of purified HgbA were used to design oligonucleotide primers for PCR amplification, yielding amplicons that showed partial sequences with homology tohgbAofPasteurella multocida. Upon screening two genomic libraries ofA. pleuropneumoniaeserotype 1 strain 4074, positive clones were assembled into an ORF of 2838 bp. HgbA (946 aa) includes a signal peptide of 23 aa and the deduced HgbA sequence (104 890 Da) also demonstrated a possible Ton box. The promoter region ofhgbAfromA. pleuropneumoniaeserotype 1 showed consensus for −35 and −10 sequences and a putative Fur-binding site. RT-PCR confirmed thathgbAofA. pleuropneumoniaeis upregulated in response to diminished levels of iron in the culture medium. While an internally deletedhgbAmutant was unable to use pig Hb as sole source of iron for growth, flow cytometry confirmed its Hb binding; the internally deleted sequences may not be required for Hb binding, but appear necessary for the iron supply from Hb. HgbA is required for growth ofA. pleuropneumoniaein the presence of Hb as sole iron source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramakrishnan Srikumar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 2B4
| | - Leonie G Mikael
- Groupe de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses du Porc, Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada J2S 7C6
| | - Peter D Pawelek
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 2B4
| | - Ali Khamessan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 2B4
| | | | - Mario Jacques
- Groupe de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses du Porc, Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada J2S 7C6
| | - James W Coulton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 2B4
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Van Overbeke I, Chiers K, Charlier G, Vandenberghe I, Van Beeumen J, Ducatelle R, Haesebrouck F. Characterization of the in vitro adhesion of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae to swine alveolar epithelial cells. Vet Microbiol 2002; 88:59-74. [PMID: 12119138 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1135(02)00080-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae biovar 1 serotypes 2, 5a, 9 and 10 strains were tested for their ability to adhere to alveolar epithelial cells in culture. For the serotypes 5a, 9 and 10 strains, optimal adherence was observed after growth of bacterial cells in a NAD-restricted medium (0.001% NAD). This condition was also associated with the expression of a 55 kDa outer membrane protein (OMP) and of fimbriae. For the serotype 2 strain, adherence and expression of fimbriae and a 55 kDa OMP was less influenced by the growth conditions. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the 55 kDa OMP had no homology with any known sequence, suggesting that it is an as yet unknown protein. Adherence capabilities were significantly reduced following treatment of the bacteria with proteolytic enzymes or heat. These findings suggest that proteins are involved in adhesion. The hydrophobic bond-breaking agent tetramethylurea was unable to inhibit the adherence of A. pleuropneumoniae to alveolar epithelial cells. Treatment of the bacteria with sodium metaperiodate resulted in lower adhesion scores for the serotypes 2 and 9 strains but the inhibition of adhesion was clearly lower than after treatment with proteolytic enzymes. This indicates that, besides proteins, carbohydrates might also be involved in adhesion of A. pleuropneumoniae to alveolar epithelial cells. The finding that inhibition of adhesion was very high when bacteria were treated with a combination of sodium metaperiodate and pronase also suggests that more than one adhesin is involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Van Overbeke
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
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Bossé JT, Janson H, Sheehan BJ, Beddek AJ, Rycroft AN, Kroll JS, Langford PR. Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae: pathobiology and pathogenesis of infection. Microbes Infect 2002; 4:225-35. [PMID: 11880056 DOI: 10.1016/s1286-4579(01)01534-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae causes porcine pleuropneumonia, a highly contagious disease for which there is no effective vaccine. This review considers how adhesins, iron-acquisition factors, capsule and lipopolysaccharide, RTX cytotoxins and other potential future vaccine components contribute to colonisation, to avoidance of host clearance mechanisms and to damage of host tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine T Bossé
- Molecular Infectious Diseases Group, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, St. Mary's Campus, W2 1PG, London, UK.
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