1
|
Park MJ, Kim E, Kim MJ, Jang Y, Ryoo R, Ka KH. Cloning and Expression Analysis of Bioluminescence Genes in Omphalotus guepiniiformis Reveal Stress-Dependent Regulation of Bioluminescence. MYCOBIOLOGY 2024; 52:42-50. [PMID: 38415178 PMCID: PMC10896133 DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2024.2302661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Bioluminescence is a type of chemiluminescence that arises from a luciferase-catalyzed oxidation reaction of luciferin. Molecular biology and comparative genomics have recently elucidated the genes involved in fungal bioluminescence and the evolutionary history of their clusters. However, most studies on fungal bioluminescence have been limited to observing the changes in light intensity under various conditions. To understand the molecular basis of bioluminescent responses in Omphalotus guepiniiformis under different environmental conditions, we cloned and sequenced the genes of hispidin synthase, hispidin-3-hydroxylase, and luciferase enzymes, which are pivotal in the fungal bioluminescence pathway. Each gene showed high sequence similarity to that of other luminous fungal species. Furthermore, we investigated their transcriptional changes in response to abiotic stresses. Wound stress enhanced the bioluminescence intensity by increasing the expression of bioluminescence pathway genes, while temperature stress suppressed the bioluminescence intensity via the non-transcriptional pathway. Our data suggested that O. guepiniiformis regulates bioluminescence to respond differentially to specific environmental stresses. To our knowledge, this is the first study on fungal bioluminescence at the gene expression level. Further studies are required to address the biological and ecological meaning of different bioluminescence responses in changing environments, and O. quepiniiformis could be a potential model species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Jeong Park
- Forest Microbiology Division, Department of Forest Bio-Resources, National Institute of Forest Science, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjin Kim
- Forest Microbiology Division, Department of Forest Bio-Resources, National Institute of Forest Science, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jun Kim
- Forest Microbiology Division, Department of Forest Bio-Resources, National Institute of Forest Science, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongseon Jang
- Forest Microbiology Division, Department of Forest Bio-Resources, National Institute of Forest Science, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Rhim Ryoo
- Forest Microbiology Division, Department of Forest Bio-Resources, National Institute of Forest Science, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang-Hyeon Ka
- Forest Microbiology Division, Department of Forest Bio-Resources, National Institute of Forest Science, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Khattab AR, Farag MA. Marine and terrestrial endophytic fungi: a mine of bioactive xanthone compounds, recent progress, limitations, and novel applications. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 42:403-430. [PMID: 34266351 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1940087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Endophytic fungi are a kind of fungi that colonizes living plant tissues presenting a myriad of microbial adaptations that have been developed in such a hidden environment. Owing to its large diversity and particular habituation, they present a golden mine for research in the field of drug discovery. Endophytic fungal communities possess unique biocatalytic machinery that furnishes a myriad of complex natural product scaffolds. Xanthone compounds are examples of endophytic secondary metabolic products with pronounced biological activity to include: antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, antiulcer, choleretic, diuretic, and monoamine oxidase inhibiting activity.The current review compiles the recent progress made on the microbiological production of xanthones using fungal endophytes obtained from both marine and terrestrial origins, with comparisons being made among both natural resources. The biosynthesis of xanthones in endophytic fungi is outlined along with its decoding enzymes. Biotransformation reactions reported to be carried out using different endophytic microbial models are also outlined for xanthones structural modification purposes and the production of novel molecules.A promising application of novel computational tools is presented as a future direction for the goal of optimizing microbial xanthones production to include establishing metabolic pathway databases and the in silico analysis of microbial interactions. Metagenomics methods and related bioinformatics platforms are highlighted as unexplored tools for the biodiversity analysis of endophytic microbial communities that are difficult to be cultured.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amira R Khattab
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.,Chemistry Department, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ventura FF, Mendes LF, Oliveira AG, Bazito RC, Bechara EJH, Freire RS, Stevani CV. Evaluation of Phenolic Compound Toxicity Using a Bioluminescent Assay with the Fungus Gerronema viridilucens. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2020; 39:1558-1565. [PMID: 32367555 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Basidiomycetes (phylum Basidiomycota) are filamentous fungi characterized by the exogenous formation of spores on a club-shaped cell called a basidium that are often formed on complex fruiting bodies (mushrooms). Many basidiomycetes serve an important role in recycling lignocellulosic material to higher trophic levels, and some show symbiotic relationships with plants. All known bioluminescent fungi are mushroom-forming basidiomycetes in the order Agaricales. Hence, the disruption of the basidiomycete community can entirely compromise the carbon cycle in nature from fungi to higher trophic levels. The fungus Gerronema viridilucens was used in the present study to investigate the toxicity of a phenolic compound series based on the inhibition of its bioluminescence. The median effect concentration (EC50) obtained from curves of bioluminescence inhibition versus log [phenolic compound] showed that 2,4,6-trichlorophenol was the most toxic compound in the series. The log EC50 values of all phenolic compounds were then used for the prediction of their toxicity. The univariate correlation of log EC50 values obtained from 6 different phenolic compounds was stronger with the dissociation constant (pKa ) than with 1-octanol/water partition coefficient (KOW ). Nevertheless, the toxicity can be better predicted by using both parameters, suggesting that the phenol-driven uncoupling of fungus mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate synthesis is the origin of phenolic compound toxicity to the test fungus. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1558-1565. © 2020 SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda F Ventura
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Fundação Jorge Duprat Figueiredo de Segurança e Medicina do Trabalho, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz F Mendes
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Bioativos Group, Santana do Parnaíba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anderson G Oliveira
- Departamento de Oceanografia Física, Química e Geológica, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo C Bazito
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Etelvino J H Bechara
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renato S Freire
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cassius V Stevani
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bastos EL, Farahani P, Bechara EJ, Baader WJ. Four-membered cyclic peroxides: Carriers of chemical energy. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erick Leite Bastos
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química; Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Pooria Farahani
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química; Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Etelvino J.H. Bechara
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química; Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Wilhelm Josef Baader
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química; Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Oliveira AG, Stevani CV, Waldenmaier HE, Viviani V, Emerson JM, Loros JJ, Dunlap JC. Circadian control sheds light on fungal bioluminescence. Curr Biol 2015; 25:964-8. [PMID: 25802150 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2015.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Bioluminescence, the creation and emission of light by organisms, affords insight into the lives of organisms doing it. Luminous living things are widespread and access diverse mechanisms to generate and control luminescence [1-5]. Among the least studied bioluminescent organisms are phylogenetically rare fungi-only 71 species, all within the ∼ 9,000 fungi of the temperate and tropical Agaricales order-are reported from among ∼ 100,000 described fungal species [6, 7]. All require oxygen [8] and energy (NADH or NADPH) for bioluminescence and are reported to emit green light (λmax 530 nm) continuously, implying a metabolic function for bioluminescence, perhaps as a byproduct of oxidative metabolism in lignin degradation. Here, however, we report that bioluminescence from the mycelium of Neonothopanus gardneri is controlled by a temperature-compensated circadian clock, the result of cycles in content/activity of the luciferase, reductase, and luciferin that comprise the luminescent system. Because regulation implies an adaptive function for bioluminescence, a controversial question for more than two millennia [8-15], we examined interactions between luminescent fungi and insects [16]. Prosthetic acrylic resin "mushrooms," internally illuminated by a green LED emitting light similar to the bioluminescence, attract staphilinid rove beetles (coleopterans), as well as hemipterans (true bugs), dipterans (flies), and hymenopterans (wasps and ants), at numbers far greater than dark control traps. Thus, circadian control may optimize energy use for when bioluminescence is most visible, attracting insects that can in turn help in spore dispersal, thereby benefitting fungi growing under the forest canopy, where wind flow is greatly reduced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anderson G Oliveira
- Departamento de Oceanografia Física, Química, e Geológica, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-120, Brazil
| | - Cassius V Stevani
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Hans E Waldenmaier
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Vadim Viviani
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus Sorocoba, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos, km 110, Sorocaba, SP 18052-780, Brazil
| | - Jillian M Emerson
- Department of Biochemistry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Jennifer J Loros
- Department of Biochemistry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Jay C Dunlap
- Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Stevani CV, Oliveira AG, Mendes LF, Ventura FF, Waldenmaier HE, Carvalho RP, Pereira TA. Current Status of Research on Fungal Bioluminescence: Biochemistry and Prospects for Ecotoxicological Application. Photochem Photobiol 2013; 89:1318-26. [DOI: 10.1111/php.12135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cassius V. Stevani
- Departamento de Química Fundamental; Instituto de Química; Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Anderson G. Oliveira
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução; Universidade Federal de São Carlos; Sorocaba SP Brazil
| | - Luiz F. Mendes
- Departamento de Bioquímica; Instituto de Química; Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Fernanda F. Ventura
- Departamento de Química Fundamental; Instituto de Química; Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brazil
- Fundação Jorge Duprat Figueiredo de Segurança e Medicina do Trabalho; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Hans E. Waldenmaier
- Departamento de Química Fundamental; Instituto de Química; Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica; Instituto de Química; Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Rodrigo P. Carvalho
- Departamento de Química Fundamental; Instituto de Química; Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Tatiana A. Pereira
- Departamento de Química Fundamental; Instituto de Química; Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Oliveira AG, Desjardin DE, Perry BA, Stevani CV. Evidence that a single bioluminescent system is shared by all known bioluminescent fungal lineages. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2012; 11:848-52. [DOI: 10.1039/c2pp25032b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
8
|
Pimenta EF, Vita-Marques AM, Tininis A, Seleghim MHR, Sette LD, Veloso K, Ferreira AG, Williams DE, Patrick BO, Dalisay DS, Andersen RJ, Berlinck RGS. Use of experimental design for the optimization of the production of new secondary metabolites by two Penicillium species. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2010; 73:1821-1832. [PMID: 21053938 DOI: 10.1021/np100470h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A fractional factorial design approach has been used to enhance secondary metabolite production by two Penicillium strains. The method was initially used to improve the production of bioactive extracts as a whole and subsequently to optimize the production of particular bioactive metabolites. Enhancements of over 500% in secondary metabolite production were observed for both P. oxalicum and P. citrinum. Two new alkaloids, citrinalins A (5) and B (6), were isolated and identified from P. citrinum cultures optimized for production of minor metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eli F Pimenta
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mendes LF, Bastos EL, Stevani CV. Prediction of metal cation toxicity to the bioluminescent fungus Gerronema viridilucens. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2010; 29:2177-2181. [PMID: 20872679 DOI: 10.1002/etc.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A correlation between the physicochemical properties of mono- [Li(I), K(I), Na(I)] and divalent [Cd(II), Cu(II), Mn(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Zn(II), Mg(II), Ca(II)] metal cations and their toxicity (evaluated by the free ion median effective concentration, EC50(F)) to the naturally bioluminescent fungus Gerronema viridilucens has been studied using the quantitative ion character-activity relationship (QICAR) approach. Among the 11 ionic parameters used in the current study, a univariate model based on the covalent index (X(2) (m)r) proved to be the most adequate for prediction of fungal metal toxicity evaluated by the logarithm of free ion median effective concentration (log EC50(F)): log EC50(F) = 4.243 (± 0.243) -1.268 (± 0.125)· X(2) (m)r (adj-R(2) = 0.9113, Alkaike information criterion [AIC] = -60.42). Additional two- and three-variable models were also tested and proved less suitable to fit the experimental data. These results indicate that covalent bonding is a good indicator of metal inherent toxicity to bioluminescent fungi. Furthermore, the toxicity of additional metal ions [Ag(I), Cs(I), Sr(II), Ba(II), Fe(II), Hg(II), and Pb(II)] to G. viridilucens was predicted, and Pb was found to be the most toxic metal to this bioluminescent fungus (EC50(F)): Pb(II) > Ag(I) > Hg(I) > Cd(II) > Cu(II) > Co(II) ≈ Ni(II) > Mn(II) > Fe(II) ≈ Zn(II) > Mg(II) ≈ Ba(II) ≈ Cs(I) > Li(I) > K(I) ≈ Na(I) ≈ Sr(II)> Ca(II).
Collapse
|
10
|
Mendes LF, Stevani CV. Evaluation of metal toxicity by a modified method based on the fungus Gerronema viridilucens bioluminescence in agar medium. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2010; 29:320-326. [PMID: 20821450 DOI: 10.1002/etc.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Metal cation toxicity to basidiomycete fungi is poorly understood, despite its well-known importance in terrestrial ecosystems. Moreover, there is no reported methodology for the routine evaluation of metal toxicity to basidiomycetes. In the present study, we describe the development of a procedure to assess the acute toxicity of metal cations (Na(+), K(+), Li(+), Ca(2+),Mg(2+), Co(2+), Zn(2+), Ni(2+), Mn(2+), Cd(2+), and Cu(2+)) to the bioluminescent basidiomycete fungus Gerronema viridilucens. The method is based on the decrease in the intensity of bioluminescence resulting from injuries sustained by the fungus mycelium exposed to either essential or nonessential metal toxicants. The assay described herein enables us to propose a metal toxicity series to Gerronema viridilucens based on data obtained from the bioluminescence intensity (median effective concentration [EC50] values) versus metal concentration: Cd(2+) > Cu(2+) > Mn(2+) approximately Ni(2+) approximately Co(2+) > Zn(2+) > Mg(2+) > Li(+) > K(+) approximately Na(+) > Ca(2+), and to shed some light on the mechanism of toxic action of metal cations to basidiomycete fungi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Fernando Mendes
- Instituto de Química da Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 26077, 05599-970 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Cassius Vinicius Stevani
- Instituto de Química da Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 26077, 05599-970 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Oliveira AG, Stevani CV. The enzymatic nature of fungal bioluminescence. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2009; 8:1416-21. [DOI: 10.1039/b908982a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|