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Advances in Medical Imaging for Wound Repair and Regenerative Medicine. Regen Med 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-6008-6_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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Basson R, Lima C, Muhamadali H, Li W, Hollywood K, Li L, Baguneid M, Al Kredly R, Goodacre R, Bayat A. Assessment of Transdermal Delivery of Topical Compounds in Skin Scarring Using a Novel Combined Approach of Raman Spectroscopy and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2021; 10:1-12. [PMID: 32496981 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2020.1154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The goal of any topical formulation is efficient transdermal delivery of its active components. However, delivery of compounds can be problematic with penetration through tough layers of fibrotic dermal scar tissue. Approach: We propose a new approach combining high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Raman spectroscopy (RS) using a topical of unknown composition against a well-known antiscar topical (as control). Results: Positive detection of compounds within the treatment topical using both techniques was validated with mass spectrometry. RS detected conformational structural changes; the 1,655/1,446 cm-1 ratio estimating collagen content significantly decreased (p < 0.05) over weeks 4, 12, and 16 compared with day 0. The amide I band, known to represent collagen and protein in skin, shifted from 1,667 to 1,656 cm-1, which may represent a change from β-sheets in elastin to α-helices in collagen. Confirmatory elastin immunohistochemistry decreased compared with day 0, conversely the collagen I/III ratio increased in the same samples by week 12 (p < 0.05, and p < 0.0001, respectively), in keeping with normal scar formation. Optical coherence tomography attenuation coefficient representing collagen deposition was significantly decreased at week 4 compared with day 0 and increased at week 16 (p < 0.05). Innovation: This study provides a platform for further research on the simultaneous evaluation of the effects of compounds in cutaneous scarring by RS and HPLC, and identifies a role for RS in the therapeutic evaluation and theranostic management of skin scarring. Conclusions: RS can provide noninvasive information on the effects of topicals on scar pathogenesis and structural composition, validated by other analytical techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubinder Basson
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, Center for Dermatology Research, NIHR, Manchester Biomedical Research Center, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Cassio Lima
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Howbeer Muhamadali
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Weiping Li
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, Center for Dermatology Research, NIHR, Manchester Biomedical Research Center, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Katherine Hollywood
- Synbiochem, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ludanni Li
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, Center for Dermatology Research, NIHR, Manchester Biomedical Research Center, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Rawya Al Kredly
- Julphar Gulf Pharmaceutical Industries, Ras al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Royston Goodacre
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Ardeshir Bayat
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, Center for Dermatology Research, NIHR, Manchester Biomedical Research Center, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Castro PAA, Lima CA, Morais MRPT, Zorn TMT, Zezell DM. Monitoring the Progress and Healing Status of Burn Wounds Using Infrared Spectroscopy. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 74:758-766. [PMID: 32419472 DOI: 10.1177/0003702820919446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Burns are one of the leading causes of morbidity worldwide and the most costly traumatic injuries. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms in wound healing is required to accelerate tissue recovery and reduce the health economic impact. However, the standard techniques used to evaluate the biological events associated to wound repair are laborious, time-consuming, and/or require multiple assays/staining. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the feasibility of Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy to monitor the progress and healing status of burn wounds. Burn injuries were induced on Wistar rats by water vapor exposure and biopsied for further histopathological and spectroscopic evaluation at four time-points (3, 7, 14, and 21 days). Spectral data were preprocessed and compared by principal component analysis. Pairwise comparison of post-burn groups to each other revealed that metabolic activity induced by thermal injury decreases as the healing progresses. Higher amounts of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids were evidenced on days 3 and 7 compared to healthy skin and reduced amounts of these molecular structural units on days 14 and 21 post-burn. FT-IR spectroscopy was used to determine the healing status of a wound based on the biochemical information retained by spectral signatures in each phase of healing. Our findings demonstrate that FT-IR spectroscopy can monitor the biological events triggered by burn trauma as well as to detect the wound status including full recovery based on the spectral changes associated to the biochemical events in each phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro A A Castro
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN-CNEN/SP), University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cassio A Lima
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN-CNEN/SP), University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Mychel R P T Morais
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas (ICB), University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Telma M T Zorn
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas (ICB), University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Denise M Zezell
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN-CNEN/SP), University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Su JW, Wang Q, Tian Y, Madden L, Ling Teo EM, Becker DL, Liu Q. Depth-sensitive Raman spectroscopy for skin wound evaluation in rodents. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:6114-6128. [PMID: 31853389 PMCID: PMC6913421 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.006114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy has demonstrated great potential for skin wound assessment. Given that biochemical changes in wound healing is depth dependent as the skin is a layered structure, depth sensitive Raman spectroscopy could enhance the power of Raman spectroscopy in this application. Considering the critical importance of rodent studies in the field of skin wound assessment, it is necessary to develop and validate a system that can perform depth sensitive measurements in rat skin with a proper target depth range. In this manuscript, we report the design, optimization and evaluation of a new snapshot depth-sensitive Raman instrument for rat skin measurements. The optical design and optimization process are presented first. The depth sensitive measurement performance is characterized on both ex vivo porcine skin with a gradient of layer thickness and ex vivo rat skin samples with wounds. The statistical analysis of the measured Raman spectra demonstrates the feasibility of differentiation between the wound edge and healthy skin. Moreover, the accuracy of classification improves monotonically as more data from new depths are used, which implies that each depth offers additional information useful for classification. This instrument demonstrates the ability to perform snapshot depth sensitive Raman measurements from rat skin, which paves the way towards in vivo preclinical studies of rat skin wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Weiming Su
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, 637459, Singapore
- NTU Institute for Health Technologies, Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- Skin Research Institute Singapore, 11 Mandalay Road, 308232, Singapore
| | - Qiang Wang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, 637459, Singapore
- Currently with the Centre for Nanoscale Biophotonics, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Yao Tian
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, 637459, Singapore
| | - Leigh Madden
- Skin Research Institute Singapore, 11 Mandalay Road, 308232, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, 308232, Singapore
| | - Erica Mei Ling Teo
- NTU Institute for Health Technologies, Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- Skin Research Institute Singapore, 11 Mandalay Road, 308232, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, 308232, Singapore
| | - David Laurence Becker
- Skin Research Institute Singapore, 11 Mandalay Road, 308232, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, 308232, Singapore
| | - Quan Liu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, 637459, Singapore
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Wang N, Cao H, Wang L, Ren F, Zeng Q, Xu X, Liang J, Zhan Y, Chen X. Recent Advances in Spontaneous Raman Spectroscopic Imaging: Instrumentation and Applications. Curr Med Chem 2019; 27:6188-6207. [PMID: 31237196 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190619114431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spectroscopic imaging based on the spontaneous Raman scattering effects can provide unique fingerprint information in relation to the vibration bands of molecules. Due to its advantages of high chemical specificity, non-invasive detection capability, low sensitivity to water, and no special sample pretreatment, Raman Spectroscopic Imaging (RSI) has become an invaluable tool in the field of biomedicine and medicinal chemistry. METHODS There are three methods to implement RSI, including point scanning, line scanning and wide-field RSI. Point-scanning can achieve two-and three-dimensional imaging of target samples. High spectral resolution, full spectral range and confocal features render this technique highly attractive. However, point scanning based RSI is a time-consuming process that can take several hours to map a small area. Line scanning RSI is an extension of point scanning method, with an imaging speed being 300-600 times faster. In the wide-field RSI, the laser illuminates the entire region of interest directly and all the images then collected for analysis. In general, it enables more accurate chemical imaging at faster speeds. RESULTS This review focuses on the recent advances in RSI, with particular emphasis on the latest developments on instrumentation and the related applications in biomedicine and medicinal chemistry. Finally, we prospect the development trend of RSI as well as its potential to translation from bench to bedside. CONCLUSION RSI is a powerful technique that provides unique chemical information, with a great potential in the fields of biomedicine and medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of Ministry of China, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710126, China,School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, P.O. Box: 0528, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Honghao Cao
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of Ministry of China, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710126, China,School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, P.O. Box: 0528, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Information Sciences and Techonlogy, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710127, China
| | - Feng Ren
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of Ministry of China, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710126, China,School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, P.O. Box: 0528, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Qi Zeng
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of Ministry of China, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710126, China,School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, P.O. Box: 0528, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Xinyi Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of Ministry of China, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710126, China,School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, P.O. Box: 0528, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Jimin Liang
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of Ministry of China, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710126, China,School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, P.O. Box: 0528, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Yonghua Zhan
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of Ministry of China, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710126, China,School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, P.O. Box: 0528, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Xueli Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of Ministry of China, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710126, China,School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, P.O. Box: 0528, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710126, China
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The renaissance of human skin organ culture: A critical reappraisal. Differentiation 2018; 104:22-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Pavlicek RL, Crane NJ, Ghebremedhin M, Cilwa KE, Elster EA. Diagnostic Bacteriology: Raman Spectroscopy. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1616:249-261. [PMID: 28600775 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7037-7_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Current clinical methodology for identification of bacterial infections relies predominantly on culturing microbes from patient material and performing biochemical tests. This can often be an inefficient and lengthy process, which has a significant detrimental effect upon patient care. Techniques used in other aspects of molecular research have the potential to revolutionize the way in which diagnostic tests are used and delivered in the clinical setting. The need for rapid, accurate, and cost-effective molecular techniques in the diagnostic laboratory is imperative to improving patient care, preventing the spread of drug resistance and decreasing the overall burden associated with nosocomial infections. Raman spectroscopy and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) are powerful vibrational spectroscopy techniques that are being developed for highly sensitive pathogen identification in complex clinical samples. Raman spectroscopy is a molecular technique that is capable of probing samples noninvasively and nondestructively. It has been used with high specificity to assess tissue and bacterial samples at the molecular level with diverse clinical and diagnostic applications. SERS has recently developed out of the advances in the Raman spectroscopy arena. This technique is designed to amplify Raman scattering and allows for better differentiation of bacterial isolates. Although the current parameters for the use of SERS require a pure culture and are relatively monoparametric, current breakthroughs and testing are pushing the technology to new levels and thus changing the face of modern bacterial diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicole J Crane
- The Department of Surgery at Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences & The Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Meron Ghebremedhin
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Katherine E Cilwa
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Eric A Elster
- The Department of Surgery at Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences & The Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Glinos GD, Verne SH, Aldahan AS, Liang L, Nouri K, Elliot S, Glassberg M, Cabrera DeBuc D, Koru-Sengul T, Tomic-Canic M, Pastar I. Optical coherence tomography for assessment of epithelialization in a human ex vivo wound model. Wound Repair Regen 2018; 25:1017-1026. [PMID: 29235208 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The ex vivo human skin wound model is a widely accepted model to study wound epithelialization. Due to a lack of animal models that fully replicate human conditions, the ex vivo model is a valuable tool to study mechanisms of wound reepithelialization, as well as for preclinical testing of novel therapeutics. The current standard for assessment of wound healing in this model is histomorphometric analysis, which is labor intensive, time consuming, and requires multiple biological and technical replicates in addition to assessment of different time points. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an emerging noninvasive imaging technology originally developed for noninvasive retinal scans that avoids the deleterious effects of tissue processing. This study investigated OCT as a novel method for assessing reepithelialization in the human ex vivo wound model. Excisional ex vivo wounds were created, maintained at air-liquid interface, and healing progression was assessed at days 4 and 7 with OCT and histology. OCT provided adequate resolution to identify the epidermis, the papillary and reticular dermis, and importantly, migrating epithelium in the wound bed. We have deployed OCT as a noninvasive tool to produce, longitudinal "optical biopsies" of ex vivo human wound healing process, and we established an optimal quantification method of re-epithelialization based on en face OCT images of the total wound area. Pairwise statistical analysis of OCT and histology based quantifications for the rate of epithelialization have shown the feasibility and superiority of OCT technology for noninvasive monitoring of human wound epithelialization. Furthermore, we have utilized OCT to evaluate therapeutic potential of allogeneic adipose stem cells revealing their ability to promote reepithelialization in human ex vivo wounds. OCT technology is promising for its applications in wound healing and evaluation of novel therapeutics in both the laboratory and the clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- George D Glinos
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Miami, Florida
| | - Sebastian H Verne
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Adam S Aldahan
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Liang Liang
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Miami, Florida
| | - Keyvan Nouri
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Sharon Elliot
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Marilyn Glassberg
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Delia Cabrera DeBuc
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Tulay Koru-Sengul
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Marjana Tomic-Canic
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Miami, Florida
| | - Irena Pastar
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Miami, Florida
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Pielesz A, Biniaś D, Sarna E, Bobiński R, Kawecki M, Glik J, Klama-Baryła A, Kitala D, Łabuś W, Paluch J, Kraut M. Active antioxidants in ex-vivo examination of burn wound healing by means of IR and Raman spectroscopies-Preliminary comparative research. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 173:924-930. [PMID: 27835852 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Being a complex traumatic event, burn injury also affects other organ systems apart from the skin. Wounds undergo various pathological changes which are accompanied by alterations in the molecular environment. Information about molecules may be obtained with the use of Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and when combined, both methods are a powerful tool for providing material characterization. Alterations in the molecular environment may lead to identifying objective markers of acute wound healing. In general, incubation of samples in solutions of l-ascorbic acid and 5% and 7% orthosilicic acid organizes the collagen structure, whereas the increased intensity of the Raman bands in the region of 1500-800cm-1 reveals regeneration of the burn tissue. Since oxidative damage is one of the mechanisms responsible for local and distant pathophysiological events after burn, antioxidant therapy can prove to be beneficial in minimizing burn wounds, which was examined on the basis of human skin samples and chicken skin samples, the latter being subject to modification when heated to a temperature sufficient for the simulation of a burn incident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pielesz
- Faculty of Materials, Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Bielsko-Biała, 2 Willowa St., 43-300 Bielsko-Biała, Poland.
| | - Dorota Biniaś
- Faculty of Materials, Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Bielsko-Biała, 2 Willowa St., 43-300 Bielsko-Biała, Poland
| | - Ewa Sarna
- Faculty of Materials, Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Bielsko-Biała, 2 Willowa St., 43-300 Bielsko-Biała, Poland
| | - Rafał Bobiński
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bielsko-Biała, Poland
| | - Marek Kawecki
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bielsko-Biała, Poland; Dr Stanislaw Sakiel Center for Burns Treatment in Siemianowice Śląskie, 2 Jana Pawła II St., 41-100 Siemianowice Śląskie, Poland
| | - Justyna Glik
- Dr Stanislaw Sakiel Center for Burns Treatment in Siemianowice Śląskie, 2 Jana Pawła II St., 41-100 Siemianowice Śląskie, Poland; Unit for Chronic Wound Treatment Organization, Division of Nursery, School of Health Care, Medical University of Silesia, 2 Jana Pawła II St., 41-100 Siemianowice Śląskie, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Klama-Baryła
- Dr Stanislaw Sakiel Center for Burns Treatment in Siemianowice Śląskie, 2 Jana Pawła II St., 41-100 Siemianowice Śląskie, Poland
| | - Diana Kitala
- Dr Stanislaw Sakiel Center for Burns Treatment in Siemianowice Śląskie, 2 Jana Pawła II St., 41-100 Siemianowice Śląskie, Poland
| | - Wojciech Łabuś
- Dr Stanislaw Sakiel Center for Burns Treatment in Siemianowice Śląskie, 2 Jana Pawła II St., 41-100 Siemianowice Śląskie, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Paluch
- Faculty of Materials, Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Bielsko-Biała, 2 Willowa St., 43-300 Bielsko-Biała, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Kraut
- Dr Stanislaw Sakiel Center for Burns Treatment in Siemianowice Śląskie, 2 Jana Pawła II St., 41-100 Siemianowice Śląskie, Poland
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Cai L, Xiong X, Kong X, Xie J. The Role of the Lysyl Oxidases in Tissue Repair and Remodeling: A Concise Review. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 14:15-30. [PMID: 30603458 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-016-0007-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue injury provokes a series of events containing inflammation, new tissue formation and tissue remodeling which are regulated by the spatially and temporally coordinated organization. It is an evolutionarily conserved, multi-cellular, multi-molecular process via complex signalling network. Tissue injury disorders present grievous clinical problems and are likely to increase since they are generally associated with the prevailing diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and obesity. Although these dynamic responses vary not only for the different types of trauma but also for the different organs, a balancing act between the tissue degradation and tissue synthesis is the same. In this process, the degradation of old extracellular matrix (ECM) elements and new ones' synthesis and deposition play an essential role, especially collagens. Lysyl oxidase (LOX) and four lysyl oxidase-like proteins are a group of enzymes capable of catalyzing cross-linking reaction of collagen and elastin, thus initiating the formation of covalent cross-links that insolubilize ECM proteins. In this way, LOX facilitates ECM stabilization through ECM formation, development, maturation and remodeling. This ability determines its potential role in tissue repair and regeneration. In this review, based on the current in vitro, animal and human in vivo studies which have shown the significant role of the LOXs in tissue repair, e.g., tendon regeneration, ligament healing, cutaneous wound healing, and cartilage remodeling, we focused on the role of the LOXs in inflammation phase, proliferation phase, and tissue remodeling phase of the repair process. By summarizing its healing role, we hope to shed light on the understanding of its potential in tissue repair and provide up to date therapeutic strategies towards related injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyi Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangli Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 People's Republic of China
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11
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Matrix Metalloproteinases in the Interstitial Space. Protein Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1201/9781315374307-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Abstract
A biological marker (biomarker) is a substance used as an indicator of biological state. Advances in genomics, proteomics and molecular pathology have generated many candidate biomarkers with potential clinical value. Research has identified several cellular events and mediators associated with wound healing that can serve as biomarkers. Macrophages, neutrophils, fibroblasts and platelets release cytokines molecules including TNF-α, interleukins (ILs) and growth factors, of which platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) holds the greatest importance. As a result, various white cells and connective tissue cells release both matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). Studies have demonstrated that IL-1, IL-6, and MMPs, levels above normal, and an abnormally high MMP/TIMP ratio are often present in non-healing wounds. Clinical examination of wounds for these mediators could predict which wounds will heal and which will not, suggesting use of these chemicals as biomarkers of wound healing. There is also evidence that the application of growth factors like PDGF will alleviate the recuperating process of chronic, non-healing wounds. Finding a specific biomarker for wound healing status would be a breakthrough in this field and helping treat impaired wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Patel
- Postgraduate student, M. Pharm in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, at Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Sector - 125, Noida - 201 301, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A Maheshwari
- Postgraduate Student, M. Pharm in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, at Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Sector - 125, Noida - 201 301, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A Chandra
- Assistant Professor (III) and Proctor, at Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Sector - 125, Noida - 201 301, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Planz V, Franzen L, Windbergs M. Novel in vitro approaches for the simulation and analysis of human skin wounds. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2014; 28:91-6. [PMID: 25341368 DOI: 10.1159/000364810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Considering the increasing incidence of chronic wounds and severe wound infections, effective drug delivery to wounded skin is of high importance. The rational development of novel therapeutic systems requires appropriate in vitro testing methodologies. In this context, suitable and reliable in vitro models simulating human wounds and advanced analytical techniques for precise wound characterization are urgently needed. In this study, we introduce a novel in vitro model based on excised human skin. In contrast to the established wound models, our novel approach has a coffin-shaped, linear, rectangular geometry with defined wound edges exhibiting consistent appearance along the entire wound bed. In addition, we introduce optical profilometry as a novel technique for nondestructive wound analysis. We successfully demonstrate the applicability of this optical imaging method based on white light reflection for three-dimensional visualization of different wound models. Furthermore, we create virtual noninvasive cross sections of these wounds to assess wound geometry in direct comparison to conventional histological analysis. Imaging analysis of our novel coffin-shaped model resulted in reproducible virtual sections along the entire wound bed. Our findings indicate the potential of our novel in vitro model for improved simulation of human wounds. Further, we successfully overcome the limitations of conventional histological analysis by the employment of optical profilometry for nondestructive three-dimensional wound characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Planz
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany
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14
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Crane NJ, Polfer E, Elster EA, Potter BK, Forsberg JA. Raman spectroscopic analysis of combat-related heterotopic ossification development. Bone 2013; 57:335-42. [PMID: 24012700 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2013.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Over 60% of our severely combat-injured patient population develops radiographically apparent heterotopic ossification. Nearly a third of these require surgical excision of symptomatic lesions, a procedure that is fraught with complications, and delays or regresses functional rehabilitation in many cases. Unfortunately, for the combat injured, medical contraindications and logistical limitations limit widespread use of conventional means of primary prophylaxis. Better means of risk stratification are needed to both mitigate the risk of current means of primary prophylaxis as well as to evaluate novel preventive strategies currently in development. We asked whether Raman spectral changes, measured ex vivo, correlated with histologic evidence of the earliest signs of HO formation using tissue biopsies from the wounds of combat casualties. In doing so, we compared normal muscle tissue to injured muscle tissue, unmineralized HO tissue, and mineralized HO tissue. The Raman spectra of these tissues demonstrate clear differences in the amide I and amide III spectral regions of HO tissue compared to normal tissue, denoted by changes in the 1640/1445cm(-1)(p<0.01), and 1340/1270cm(-1) (p<0.01) band area ratios (BARs). Additionally, analysis of the bone mineral in HO by Raman spectroscopy appears capable of determining bone maturity by measuring both the 945/960cm(-1) and the 1070/1445cm(-1) BARs. Raman may therefore prove a useful, non-invasive, and early diagnostic modality to detect HO formation prior to it becoming evident clinically or radiographically. This technique could ostensibly be utilized as a non-invasive means to risk stratify individual wounds at a time thought to be amenable to various means of primary prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole J Crane
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, USA; Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of Health Science, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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15
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Pence IJ, Vargis E, Mahadevan-Jansen A. Assessing variability of in vivo tissue Raman spectra. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 67:789-800. [PMID: 23816132 DOI: 10.1366/12-06773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy (RS) has received increasing attention as a potential tool for clinical diagnostics. However, the unknown comparability of multiple tissue RS systems remains a major issue for technique standardization and future multisystem trials. In this study, we evaluated potential factors affecting data collection and interpretation, utilizing the skin as an example tissue. The effects of contact pressure and probe angle were characterized as potential user-induced variability sources. Similarly, instrumentation-induced variability sources of system stability and system-dependent response were also analyzed on skin and a nonvolatile biological tissue analog. Physiologically induced variations were studied on multiple tissue locations and patients. The effect of variability sources on spectral line shape and dispersion was analyzed with analysis-of-variance methods, and a new metric for comparing spectral dispersion was defined. In this study, in vivo measurements were made on multiple sites of skin from five healthy volunteers, with four stand-alone fiber optic probe-based tissue RS systems. System stability and controlled user-induced variables had no effects on obtained spectra. By contrast, instrumentation and anatomical location of measurement were significant sources of variability. These findings establish the comparability of tissue Raman spectra obtained by unique systems. Furthermore, we suggest steps for further procedural and instrumentation standardization prior to broad clinical applications of the technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac J Pence
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Box 351631 Station B, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
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16
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Characterization of the structure of human skin substitutes by infrared microspectroscopy. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 405:8709-18. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7103-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Revised: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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17
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Kazarian SG, Chan KLA. ATR-FTIR spectroscopic imaging: recent advances and applications to biological systems. Analyst 2013; 138:1940-51. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an36865c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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18
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Abstract
Wound healing is a spatially and temporally regulated process that progresses through sequential, yet overlapping phases and aims to restore barrier breach. To study this complex process scientists use various in vivo and in vitro models. Here we provide step-by-step instructions on how to perform and employ an ex vivo wound healing model to assess epithelization during wound healing in human skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivera Stojadinovic
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller Medical School, Miami, FL, USA
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19
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Flach CR, Moore DJ. Infrared and Raman imaging spectroscopy of ex vivo skin. Int J Cosmet Sci 2012; 35:125-35. [DOI: 10.1111/ics.12020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carol R. Flach
- Department of Chemistry; Rutgers University; 73 Warren Street; Newark; NJ; USA
| | - David J. Moore
- Center for Skin Science and Applied Dermatology; TRI/Princeton; 601 Prospect Avenue; Princeton; NJ; USA
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20
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Alfieri KA, Forsberg JA, Potter BK. Blast injuries and heterotopic ossification. Bone Joint Res 2012; 1:192-7. [PMID: 23610689 PMCID: PMC3626224 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.18.2000102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is perhaps the
single most significant obstacle to independence, functional mobility, and
return to duty for combat-injured veterans of Operation Enduring
Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom. Recent research into the cause(s)
of HO has been driven by a markedly higher prevalence seen in these
wounded warriors than encountered in previous wars or following
civilian trauma. To that end, research in both civilian and military
laboratories continues to shed light onto the complex mechanisms
behind HO formation, including systemic and wound specific factors,
cell lineage, and neurogenic inflammation. Of particular interest,
non-invasive in vivo testing using Raman spectroscopy
may become a feasible modality for early detection, and a wound-specific model
designed to detect the early gene transcript signatures associated
with HO is being tested. Through a combined effort, the goals of
early detection, risk stratification, and development of novel systemic
and local prophylaxis may soon be attainable.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Alfieri
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 8901 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20889, USA
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21
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Makowski AJ, Davidson JM, Mahadevan-Jansen A, Jansen ED. In vivo analysis of laser preconditioning in incisional wound healing of wild-type and HSP70 knockout mice with Raman spectroscopy. Lasers Surg Med 2012; 44:233-44. [PMID: 22275297 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/23/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Laser preconditioning augments incisional wound healing by reducing scar tissue and increasing maximum tensile load of the healed wound [Wilmink et al. (2009) J Invest Dermatol 129(1): 205-216]. Recent studies have optimized treatments or confirmed results using HSP70 as a biomarker. Under the hypothesis that HSP70 plays a role in reported results and to better understand the downstream effects of laser preconditioning, this study utilized a probe-based Raman spectroscopy (RS) system to achieve an in vivo, spatio-temporal biochemical profile of murine skin incisional wounds as a function of laser preconditioning and the presence of HSP70. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 19 wild-type (WT) and HSP70 knockout (HSP70-/-) C57BL/6 mice underwent normal and laser preconditioned incisional wounds. Laser thermal preconditioning was conducted via previously established protocol (λ = 1.85 µm, H(0 ) = 7.64 mJ/cm(2) per pulse, spot diameter = 5 mm, Rep. rate = 50 Hz, τ(p) = 2 milliseconds, exposure time = 10 minutes) with an Aculight Renoir diode laser, with tissue temperature confirmed by real-time infrared camera measurements. Wound-healing progression was quantified by daily collection of a spatial distribution of Raman spectra. The results of RS findings were then qualified using standard histology and polarization microscopy. RESULTS Raman spectra yielded significant differences (t-test; α = 0.05) in several known biochemical peaks between WT and HSP70 (-/-) mice on wounds and in adjacent tissue early in the wound-healing process. Analysis of peak ratios implied (i) an increase in protein configuration in and surrounding the wound in WT mice, and (ii) an increased cellular trend in WT mice that was prolonged due to laser treatment. Polarization microscopy confirmed that laser treated WT mice showed increased heterogeneity in collagen orientation. CONCLUSIONS The data herein supports the theory that HSP70 is involved in normal skin protein configuration and the cellularity of early wound healing. Laser preconditioning extends cellular trends in the presence of HSP70. Despite study limitations, RS provided a non-invasive method for quantifying temporal trends in altered wound healing, narrowing candidates and design for future studies with clinically applicable instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Makowski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
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22
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Crane NJ, Elster EA. Vibrational spectroscopy: a tool being developed for the noninvasive monitoring of wound healing. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2012; 17:010902. [PMID: 22352634 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.17.1.010902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Wound care and management accounted for over 1.8 million hospital discharges in 2009. The complex nature of wound physiology involves hundreds of overlapping processes that we have only begun to understand over the past three decades. The management of wounds remains a significant challenge for inexperienced clinicians. The ensuing inflammatory response ultimately dictates the pace of wound healing and tissue regeneration. Consequently, the eventual timing of wound closure or definitive coverage is often subjective. Some wounds fail to close, or dehisce, despite the use and application of novel wound-specific treatment modalities. An understanding of the molecular environment of acute and chronic wounds throughout the wound-healing process can provide valuable insight into the mechanisms associated with the patient's outcome. Pathologic alterations of wounds are accompanied by fundamental changes in the molecular environment that can be analyzed by vibrational spectroscopy. Vibrational spectroscopy, specifically Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, offers the capability to accurately detect and identify the various molecules that compose the extracellular matrix during wound healing in their native state. The identified changes might provide the objective markers of wound healing, which can then be integrated with clinical characteristics to guide the management of wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole J Crane
- Naval Medical Research Center, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, USA.
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23
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Zhang G, Senak L, Moore DJ. Measuring changes in chemistry, composition, and molecular structure within hair fibers by infrared and Raman spectroscopic imaging. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2011; 16:056009. [PMID: 21639577 DOI: 10.1117/1.3580286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Spatially resolved infrared (IR) and Raman images are acquired from human hair cross sections or intact hair fibers. The full informational content of these spectra are spatially correlated to hair chemistry, anatomy, and structural organization through univariate and multivariate data analysis. Specific IR and Raman images from untreated human hair describing the spatial dependence of lipid and protein distribution, protein secondary structure, lipid chain conformational order, and distribution of disulfide cross-links in hair protein are presented in this study. Factor analysis of the image plane acquired with IR microscopy in hair sections, permits delineation of specific micro-regions within the hair. These data indicate that both IR and Raman imaging of molecular structural changes in a specific region of hair will prove to be valuable tools in the understanding of hair structure, physiology, and the effect of various stresses upon its integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojin Zhang
- International Specialty Products, Global Research and Development, 1361 Alps Road, Wayne, New Jersey 07407, USA
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