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Hasan F, Magan-Fernandez A, Akcalı A, Sun C, Donos N, Nibali L. Tooth loss during supportive periodontal care: A prospective study. J Clin Periodontol 2024; 51:583-595. [PMID: 38409875 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
AIM To assess periodontal stability and the association between tooth- and patient-related factors and tooth loss during supportive periodontal care (SPC). MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective observational study was carried out on previously treated periodontitis patients followed up for 5 years in SPC. The risk profile (low, moderate, high) of each patient based on periodontal risk assessment (PRA) scoring at baseline was evaluated, and tooth loss rates were analysed. RESULTS Two hundred patients were included in the study, and 143 had 5-year follow-up data available for analysis. The overall annual tooth loss per patient was 0.07 ± 0.14 teeth/patient/year. Older age, smoking, staging and grading were associated with increased tooth loss rates. Most patients whose teeth were extracted belonged to the PRA high-risk group. Both PRA and a tooth prognosis system used at baseline showed high negative predictive value but low positive predictive value for tooth loss during SPC. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the tooth loss rate of periodontitis patients in this prospective cohort study under SPC in private practice was low. Both tooth-based and patient-based prognostic systems can identify high-risk cases, but their positive predictive value should be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemah Hasan
- Periodontology Unit, Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Antonio Magan-Fernandez
- Periodontology Unit, Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Periodontology Unit, Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Aliye Akcalı
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
- Centre for Oral Clinical Research, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Chuanming Sun
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Suzhou Health College, Suzhou, China
| | - Nikos Donos
- Centre for Oral Clinical Research, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Luigi Nibali
- Periodontology Unit, Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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Rana ST, Darbar UR. Supportive periodontal care in dental practice: Part 2 - perceptions of locally referring UK general dental practitioners. Br Dent J 2024:10.1038/s41415-024-7234-x. [PMID: 38605108 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-024-7234-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Background Supportive periodontal care (SPC) is important in maintaining periodontal treatment outcomes. Hospital services provide specialist periodontal care at high costs. On completion of treatment, patients are discharged back to the general dental practitioner (GDP) to provide SPC. This project aimed to evaluate the change in GDPs' understanding of SPC over more than 20 years.Method A validated questionnaire about SPC was sent to GDPs during 1996 (397) and 2020 (300), with a response rate of 74% and 52%, respectively. The anonymous data were entered on a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet for analysis.Results In total, 98.5% of the GDPs in 1996 and 97% in 2020 perceived SPC to be highly important. Additionally, 49% in 2020 had a better understanding of SPC when compared to 1996 (42%). Finally, 70-74% (1996, 2020) of the GDPs indicated that they were responsible for SPC; however, 13-16% said that they were not.Conclusion and clinical relevance Notwithstanding the lower response rate in 2020, there has been an improvement in understanding and awareness of responsibility of SPC among GDPs. Reported challenges of provision were related to education and funding. If GDPs are to effectively deliver SPC, education and current funding should be addressed to prevent compromised treatment outcomes for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani T Rana
- Specialist Registrar in Restorative Dentistry, Royal National ENT and Eastman Dental Hospital, 47-49 Huntley Street, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6DG, UK.
| | - Ulpee R Darbar
- Consultant in Restorative Dentistry, Royal National ENT and Eastman Dental Hospital, 47-49 Huntley Street, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6DG, UK
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Rana ST, Darbar UR. Supportive periodontal care in dental practice: Part 1 - the importance and implications for general dental practitioners. Br Dent J 2024; 236:533-537. [PMID: 38609612 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-024-7227-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Supportive periodontal care is an essential component of maintaining the outcome of periodontal treatment. It is essential to ensure cost benefit to both patients and the health services where millions are spent on treating patients with periodontal disease. The dentist must be able to recognise the crucial and important role they play in providing supportive care and therapy to periodontally compromised patients, either independently or as part of a wider dental team, over and above the various challenges they may experience in the provision of such care in general dental practice. The timely intervention with treatment or referral during this phase will help reduce the risk of tooth loss and adverse consequences to the dentist and their team by way of litigation. The aim of this paper is to provide an update on the delivery of supportive periodontal care in general dental practice with a particular reference to the role of the dentist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani T Rana
- Specialist Registrar in Restorative Dentistry, Royal National ENT and Eastman Dental Hospital, 47-49 Huntley Street, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6DG, UK.
| | - Ulpee R Darbar
- Consultant in Restorative Dentistry, Royal National ENT and Eastman Dental Hospital, 47-49 Huntley Street, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6DG, UK
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Eickholz P, Koch R, Göde M, Nickles K, Kocher T, Lorenz K, Kim TS, Meyle J, Kaner D, Schlagenhauf U, Harks I, Ehmke B. Clinical benefits of systemic amoxicillin/metronidazole may depend on periodontitis stage and grade: An exploratory sub-analysis of the ABPARO trial. J Clin Periodontol 2023; 50:1239-1252. [PMID: 37293896 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
AIM Assessment of treatment response after systemic amoxicillin/metronidazole adjunctive to subgingival instrumentation (SI) according to stages and grades of the 2018 classification of periodontal diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS We carried out exploratory re-analysis of the placebo-controlled, multi-centre ABPARO trial (52; 45/60 years of age; 205 males, 114 active smokers). Patients were randomized to SI with systemic amoxicillin 500 mg/metronidazole 400 mg (three times a day for 7 days, n = 205; ANTI) or placebo (n = 200; PLAC) and maintenance therapy every 3 months. Patients were reclassified according to the 2018 classification (stage/extent/grade). Treatment effect was the percentage of sites per patient with new attachment loss ≥1.3 mm (PSAL ≥ 1.3 mm) at 27.5 months post-baseline/randomization. RESULTS All patients were assigned according to the stage (n = 49 localized stage III, n = 206 generalized stage III, n = 150 stage IV). Because of missing radiographs, only 222 patients were assigned to grades (n = 73 B, n = 149 C). Treatment (PLAC/ANTI) resulted in PSAL ≥ 1.3 mm (median; lower/upper quartile) in localized stage III (PLAC: 5.7; 3.3/8.4% vs. ANTI: 4.9; 3.0/8.3%; p = .749), generalized stage III (8.0; 4.5/14.3% vs. 4.7; 2.4/9.0%; p < .001), stage IV (8.5; 5.1/14.4% vs. 5.7; 3.3/10.6%; p = .008), grade B (4.4; 2.4/6.7% vs. 3.6; 1.9/4.7%; p = .151) and grade C (9.4; 5.3/14.3% vs. 4.8; 2.5/9.4%; p < .001). CONCLUSIONS In generalized periodontitis stage III/grade C, a clinically relevant lower percentage of disease progression after adjunctive systemic amoxicillin/metronidazole was observed compared to placebo (PLAC: 9.7; 5.8/14.3% vs. ANTI: 4.7; 2.4/9.0%; p < .001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Eickholz
- Department of Periodontology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland
| | - Raphael Koch
- Institute of Biostatistics and Clinical Research, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Moritz Göde
- Department of Periodontology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland
| | - Katrin Nickles
- Department of Periodontology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland
| | - Thomas Kocher
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Katrin Lorenz
- Department of Periodontology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ti-Sun Kim
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Conservative Dentistry, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jörg Meyle
- Department of Periodontology, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Doğan Kaner
- Department of Periodontology, Dental School, Faculty of Health, University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
- Department of Periodontology, Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schlagenhauf
- Department of Periodontology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Inga Harks
- Department of Periodontology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Benjamin Ehmke
- Department of Periodontology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
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Comparing the Long-Term Success Rates of Tooth Preservation and Dental Implants: A Critical Review. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14030142. [PMID: 36976066 PMCID: PMC10055991 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14030142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Implant therapy is considered a predictable, safe, and reliable rehabilitation method for edentulous patients in most clinical scenarios. Thus, there is a growing trend in the indications for implants, which seems attributable not only to their clinical success but also to arguments such as a more “simplified approach” based on convenience or the belief that dental implants are as good as natural teeth. Therefore, the objective of this critical literature review of observational studies was to discuss the evidence concerning the long-term survival rates and treatment outcomes, comparing endodontically or periodontally treated teeth with dental implants. Altogether, the evidence suggests that the decision between keeping a tooth or replacing it with an implant should carefully consider the condition of the tooth (e.g., amount of remaining tooth and degree of attachment loss and mobility), systemic disorders, and patient preference. Although observational studies revealed high success rates and long-term survival of dental implants, failures and complications are common. For this reason, attempts should be made to first save maintainable teeth over the long-term, instead of immediately replacing teeth with dental implants.
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Rădulescu V, Boariu M, Rusu D, Boldeanu C, Christodorescu R, Roman A, Surlin P, Didilescu AC, Vela O, Kardaras G, Veja I, Martu I, Stratul SI. Is the Diagnosis of Generalized Stage IV (Severe) Periodontitis Compatible with the Survival of Extended Stabilizing Prosthetic Restorations? A Medium-Term Retrospective Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12123053. [PMID: 36553060 PMCID: PMC9776696 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12123053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to identify the most relevant patient-related factors directly involved (alone or in combinations) in the long-term survival and functionality of the abutment teeth of extensive stabilizing bridges and removable prosthesis, in patients treated for Stage IV periodontitis, adhering to SPT over a period of at least 5 years. Seventy-six patients treated between 2000-2022, rehabilitated with FDPs and RDPs, adhering to SPT for at least 5 years were included. Patient-related factors influencing retention of RDPs and FDP, survival rates in regular (RCs) and irregular compliers (ICs), and incidence of biological and technical complications were assessed. During a follow-up of 69 months, from 57 patients with FDPs and 19 patients with RDPs, 39 (51.32%) were ICs, while 37 (48.68%) were RCs. An overall statistically significant association (p = 0.04) was identified between biological complications and the type of prostheses. The RDP patients had more complications than FDP patients. In 5.26% of the RDP patients, root caries were identified, and 10.53% were diagnosed with a periapical (endodontic) lesion, while 3.51% of the FDPS patients presented root caries. In five (6.57%) cases, abutment loss resulted in the loss of the prosthesis. Statistically significant correlations were observed between systemic diseases and tooth loss, and between type of tooth lost and the reason for tooth loss, irrespective of the type of prosthesis. A total of 66.67% of the lost incisors, 85.71% of the lost premolars, and 88.89% of the lost molars occurred due to periodontal causes. Furthermore, 93% of the FDPs and RDPs were still in place and in function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viorelia Rădulescu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Anton Sculean Research Center for Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Marius Boariu
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, TADERP Research Center, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Darian Rusu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Anton Sculean Research Center for Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Camelia Boldeanu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Anton Sculean Research Center for Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ruxandra Christodorescu
- Department V Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-744641279
| | - Alexandra Roman
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Applicative Periodontal Regeneration Research Unit, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - Petra Surlin
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Andreea Cristiana Didilescu
- Department of Embryology, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Boulevard, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Octavia Vela
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Anton Sculean Research Center for Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Giorgios Kardaras
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Anton Sculean Research Center for Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ioana Veja
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Anton Sculean Research Center for Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ioana Martu
- Department of Dental Technology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Stefan-Ioan Stratul
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Anton Sculean Research Center for Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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Nonsurgical periodontal treatment in type II diabetics in a middle-income country: a cost-effectiveness analysis. Int J Technol Assess Health Care 2022; 38:e73. [PMID: 36169019 DOI: 10.1017/s0266462322000563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) compared with supragingival therapy in type II diabetics with periodontitis. METHODS A decision tree analysis was used to estimate the costs and health outcomes of two periodontal therapies in a hypothetical cohort of type II diabetics with periodontitis. The analysis was developed from the perspective of a third-party payer at 1 year and 5 years. Probabilities were derived from two systematic reviews. The costs and resource use were validated by a Delphi expert panel. All costs were expressed in USD, using the 25 May 2021 Colombian pesos market exchange rate (USD 1 = COP 3,350). RESULTS NSPT was a dominant alternative compared with subsidized supragingival therapy in type II diabetics with periodontitis, generating savings of USD 87 and 400, during the first year or up to 5 years, respectively, and improving dental survival from 32 to 69 percent. CONCLUSIONS NSPT can generate savings by reducing the complications derived from uncontrolled periodontitis and tooth loss.
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Kruse AB, Wölki BJ, Woelber JP, Frisch E, Vach K, Ratka-Krüger P. Subgingival air polishing with trehalose powder during supportive periodontal therapy: use of a conical shaped tip during a randomized clinical trial. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:70. [PMID: 35282825 PMCID: PMC8918077 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02109-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study investigated clinical parameters using a new air-polishing device compared to sonic scaling for subgingival biofilm removal during supportive periodontal therapy. The aim was to evaluate noninferiority of air-polishing compared to sonic scaling in deeper periodontal pockets with respect to pocket depth (PD).
Methods In 44 participants, 2 single-rooted teeth [(PD) ≥ 5 mm] were treated using a split-mouth design. While a new air polishing device with a conical shaped tip was used for the experimental group, sonic scaling was performed in the control group. PD, clinical attachment level (CAL), and bleeding on probing (BOP) were recorded at baseline, (T0) after 3 months (T1) and 6 months (T2). Pain perception was rated using a visual analog scale (VAS; 0 = no pain, 100 = maximum pain). Results PD and CAL decreased significantly for both groups, while no intergroup differences were found (PD [mean, mm] control T0 5.96, T2 4.75; experimental T0 5.96, T2 4.8; intergroup p = 0.998; CAL [mean, mm] control T0 7.38, T2 5.84; experimental T0 7.28, T2 6.34; intergroup p = 0.368). For BOP, no intergroup differences were found from T0 to T2 (reduction control 42.5%; experimental 46.5% p = 0.398). Pain perception was significantly lower for air polishing (VAS [mean, mm] control 28.8, experimental 12.56; p = 0.006). Conclusion None of the two treatment procedures showed inferior clinical effects with regard to PD, CAL and BOP with air polishing being more comfortable to patients. Trial registration The study was registered in an international trial register on August 14/08/2019, before the start of recruitment (German Clinical Trial Register number DRKS00017844).
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Elemek E. Periodontal disease severity, tooth loss, and periodontal stability in private practice. Niger J Clin Pract 2022; 25:931-937. [DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_1952_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Costa FO, Cortelli JR, Cortelli SC, Costa AA, Esteves Lima RP, Costa AM, Pereira GHM, Cota LOM. The loss of molars in supportive periodontal care: a 10-year follow-up for tooth- and patient-related factors. J Clin Periodontol 2021; 49:292-300. [PMID: 34905803 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM Determining the impact of the degree of furcation involvement (FI) on the longevity of molar teeth and assessing risk variables (tooth- and patients-related factors) associated with loss of molars (LM) in individuals treated for periodontitis and monitored in a private program of supportive periodontal care (SPC). MATERIALS AND METHODS The present retrospective cohort study included 222 individuals with 1,329 molars under a 10-year monitoring period in SPC. Periodontal clinical parameters, FI, type of molar, pulp vitality and other variables of interest were colleted at approximately 50 days after active periodontal therapy and after 10 years. The association of tooth- and patients-related factors with LM was assessed using a multilevel Cox regression analysis. RESULTS 235 molars were extracted during the SPC period of 12.4(±1.9) years. Age >50 years old, male gender, diabetes, smoking and no compliance were identified as relevant patient-related factors for LM during SPC (p<0.05). Significant tooth-related factors for LM were bleeding on probing (BOP) and probing depth (PD) ≥5mm, tooth non-vitality and class II and III FI (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Class III FI, tooth non-vitality, higher mean PD and BOP, age, male gender, diabetes and smoking all strongly influenced the prognosis of molars during SPC. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Oliveira Costa
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Cortelli
- Departament of Dentistry, Periodontics Research Division, University of Taubaté, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sheila Cavalca Cortelli
- Departament of Dentistry, Periodontics Research Division, University of Taubaté, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Almeida Costa
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Smoking Cessation therapy is a cost-effective intervention to avoid tooth loss in Brazilian subjects with periodontitis: an economic evaluation. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:616. [PMID: 34861866 PMCID: PMC8642876 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01932-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Smokers present a higher prevalence and severity of periodontitis and, consequently, higher prevalence of tooth loss. Smoking cessation improves the response to periodontal treatment and reduces tooth loss. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency in resources allocation when implementing smoking cessation therapy vs. its non-implementation in smokers with periodontitis. Methods We adopted the Brazilian public system perspective to determine the incremental cost-effectiveness (cost per tooth loss avoided) and cost-utility (cost per oral-related quality-adjusted life-year ([QALY] gained) of implementing smoking cessation therapy. Base-case was defined as a 48 years-old male subject and horizon of 30 years. Effects and costs were combined in a decision analytic modeling framework to permit a quantitative approach aiming to estimate the value of the consequences of smoking cessation therapy adjusted for their probability of occurrence. Markov models were carried over annual cycles. Sensitivity analysis tested methodological assumptions. Results Implementing the therapy saved approximately US$ 100 over the time horizon accompanied by a slightly better effect, both in CEA and CUA. Considering uncertainties, the therapy could be cost-effective in the most part of simulated cases, even being cheaper and more effective in 35% of cases in which the oral-health related outcome is used as effect. Considering a willingness-to-pay of US$100 per health effect, smoking cessation therapy was cost-effective, respectively, in 72% and 99% of cases in cost-utility and cost-effectiveness analyses. Conclusions Implementation of smoking cessation therapy may be cost-effective, considering the avoidance of tooth loss and oral health-related consequences to patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-021-01932-2.
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Al-Harthi S, Barbagallo G, Psaila A, d'Urso U, Nibali L. Tooth loss and radiographic bone loss in patients without regular supportive care: A retrospective study. J Periodontol 2021; 93:354-363. [PMID: 34564843 DOI: 10.1002/jper.21-0415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Very few studies have investigated the effect of patient and site factors on periodontal progression and long-term tooth loss in populations with minimal dental care. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess tooth loss and radiographic bone loss over at least 5 years in patients attending a national-health service primary care practice in Sicily and undergoing no regular care. METHODS Records of two hundred consecutive patients with at least 5 years follow-up were screened and demographic, clinical and radiographic data were retrieved. Analyses of associations between patient and site factors and tooth loss were performed. RESULTS After excluding not suitable patients, a total of 159 patient records with clinical and radiographic data with average 8.6 years follow-up were included. One hundred of these patients had no professional mechanical plaque removal (PMPR) carried out throughout the study follow-up. Nearly 65% of patients lost at least 1 tooth during the follow-up period, with a total of 400 extracted teeth (for periodontal and non-periodontal reasons). The annual tooth loss rate was slightly higher for "no PMPR" (untreated) patients (0.30 teeth/patient/year) compared with patients who had PMPR (0.27 teeth/patient/year). On a patient-level, only reduced frequency of daily tooth brushing was associated with tooth loss at logistic regression, whereas staging, grading and diagnosis of caries were associated with rates of tooth loss/year. At multilevel analysis including patient- and tooth-factors, age, diagnosis of caries and endodontic disease and percentage of bone loss at baseline were associated with tooth loss. CONCLUSION This study confirms the importance of tooth brushing, initial bone loss, caries and endodontic disease in predicting tooth survival in a primary care setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaima Al-Harthi
- Periodontology Unit, Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Giovanni Barbagallo
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandro Psaila
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Umberto d'Urso
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Luigi Nibali
- Periodontology Unit, Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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Rahim-Wöstefeld S, Kronsteiner D, ElSayed S, ElSayed N, Eickholz P, Pretzl B. Development of a prognostic tool: based on risk factors for tooth loss after active periodontal therapy. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 26:813-822. [PMID: 34435251 PMCID: PMC8791882 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04060-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to develop a prognostic tool to estimate long-term tooth retention in periodontitis patients at the beginning of active periodontal therapy (APT). Material and methods Tooth-related factors (type, location, bone loss (BL), infrabony defects, furcation involvement (FI), abutment status), and patient-related factors (age, gender, smoking, diabetes, plaque control record) were investigated in patients who had completed APT 10 years before. Descriptive analysis was performed, and a generalized linear-mixed model-tree was used to identify predictors for the main outcome variable tooth loss. To evaluate goodness-of-fit, the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated using cross-validation. A bootstrap approach was used to robustly identify risk factors while avoiding overfitting. Results Only a small percentage of teeth was lost during 10 years of supportive periodontal therapy (SPT; 0.15/year/patient). The risk factors abutment function, diabetes, and the risk indicator BL, FI, and age (≤ 61 vs. > 61) were identified to predict tooth loss. The prediction model reached an AUC of 0.77. Conclusion This quantitative prognostic model supports data-driven decision-making while establishing a treatment plan in periodontitis patients. In light of this, the presented prognostic tool may be of supporting value. Clinical relevance In daily clinical practice, a quantitative prognostic tool may support dentists with data-based decision-making. However, it should be stressed that treatment planning is strongly associated with the patient’s wishes and adherence. The tool described here may support establishment of an individual treatment plan for periodontally compromised patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Rahim-Wöstefeld
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Clinic for Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Private Practice, 68159, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Dorothea Kronsteiner
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics (IMBI), University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shirin ElSayed
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Clinic for Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nihad ElSayed
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Clinic for Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Eickholz
- Department of Periodontology, Center of Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, 60596, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Bernadette Pretzl
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Clinic for Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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14
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Carvalho R, Botelho J, Machado V, Mascarenhas P, Alcoforado G, Mendes JJ, Chambrone L. Predictors of tooth loss during long-term periodontal maintenance: An updated systematic review. J Clin Periodontol 2021; 48:1019-1036. [PMID: 33998031 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the risk factors / predictors of tooth loss in patients with periodontitis who underwent periodontal therapy and long-term periodontal maintenance (PM). MATERIAL AND METHODS PubMed, CENTRAL, EMBASE, Web of Science, LILACS and Scholar were searched up to and including September 2020. Studies limited to periodontitis patients who underwent active periodontal therapy (APT) and followed a regular PM programme with 5 years follow-up minimum were eligible for inclusion in this review. Studies were included if they reported data on tooth loss during PM. Random effects meta-analyses of number of tooth loss per patient per year were conducted. RESULTS Thirty-six papers regarding thirty-three studies were included in this review, with three prospective 30 retrospective trials. Subgroup meta-analysis showed no differences between prospective and retrospective studies, with an average of 0.1 tooth loss per year per patient (p < 0.001). Maxillary and molar teeth were more susceptible to be extracted during long-term PM. Baseline characteristics (smoking, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, being male and teeth with furcation lesions) showed no significance as predictor of tooth loss through meta-regression. The percentage of tooth loss due to periodontal reasons ranged from 0.45% to 14.4%. The individual outcomes in each study evidenced different patient-related factors (age and smoking) and tooth-related factors (i.e. tooth type and location) were associated with tooth loss during PM. CONCLUSION The majority of patients undergoing long-term PM have not lost teeth. On average, long-term PM effectively causes the loss of 1 tooth per patient every 10 years. Additional prospective trials may confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Carvalho
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, Almada, Portugal
| | - João Botelho
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, Almada, Portugal.,Periodontology Department, Egas Moniz Dental Clinic (EMDC), Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, Almada, Portugal
| | - Vanessa Machado
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, Almada, Portugal.,Periodontology Department, Egas Moniz Dental Clinic (EMDC), Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, Almada, Portugal
| | - Paulo Mascarenhas
- Evidence-Based Hub, CiiEM, Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, Almada, Portugal
| | - Gil Alcoforado
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, Almada, Portugal.,Periodontology Department, Egas Moniz Dental Clinic (EMDC), Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, Almada, Portugal
| | - José João Mendes
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, Almada, Portugal.,Evidence-Based Hub, CiiEM, Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, Almada, Portugal
| | - Leandro Chambrone
- Evidence-Based Hub, CiiEM, Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, Almada, Portugal.,Graduate Dentistry Program, School of Dentistry, Ibirapuera University, São Paulo, Brazil.,Unit of Basic Oral Investigation (UIBO), Universidad El Bosque, Bogota, Colombia
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15
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Petsos H, Ramich T, Nickles K, Dannewitz B, Pfeifer L, Zuhr O, Eickholz P. Tooth loss in periodontally compromised patients: Retrospective long-term results 10 years after active periodontal therapy. Tooth-related outcomes. J Periodontol 2021; 92:1761-1775. [PMID: 33748997 DOI: 10.1002/jper.21-0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estimating prognosis of periodontally affected teeth at the beginning of supportive periodontal care (SPC) is an important component for further treatment planning. This study aimed to evaluate tooth loss (TL) during 10 years of SPC in periodontally compromised patients and to identify tooth-related factors affecting TL. METHODS Patients were re-examined 120 ± 12 months after accomplishment of active periodontal therapy. TL was defined as primary outcome variable and tooth-related factors (abutment status, furcation involvement [FI], tooth mobility, mean periodontal probing depth [PD], and clinical attachment level [CAL] at beginning of SPC, and initial bone loss [BL]) were estimated based on an adjusted regression analyses model. RESULTS Ninety-seven patients (51 females and 46 males; mean age, 65.3 ± 11 years) lost 119 of 2,323 teeth (overall TL [OTL]: 0.12 teeth/patient/y) during 10 years of SPC. Forty of these teeth (33.6%) were lost for periodontal reasons (TLP; 0.04 teeth/patient/y). Significantly more teeth were lost due to other reasons (P <0.0001). TLP (OTL) only occurred in 5.9% (14.7%) of all teeth, when BL was at least 80%. Use as abutment tooth, FI degree III, tooth mobility degrees I and II, mean PD, and CAL positively correlated with OTL (P <0.05). For TLP, FI and tooth mobility degree III as well as mean CAL were identified as tooth-related prognostic factors (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS During 10 years of SPC, most of the teeth (93.4%) of periodontally compromised patients were retained, showing the positive effect of a well-established treatment concept. Well-known tooth-related prognostic factors were confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Petsos
- Private practice, Soest, Germany.,Department of Periodontology, Center for Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Tatjana Ramich
- Department of Periodontology, Center for Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Katrin Nickles
- Department of Periodontology, Center for Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Private practice, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Bettina Dannewitz
- Department of Periodontology, Center for Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Private practice, Weilburg, Germany
| | - Leon Pfeifer
- Department of Periodontology, Center for Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Otto Zuhr
- Department of Periodontology, Center for Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Private practice, Münich, Germany
| | - Peter Eickholz
- Department of Periodontology, Center for Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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16
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Ravidà A, Qazi M, Rodriguez MV, Galli M, Saleh MHA, Troiano G, Wang HL. The influence of the interaction between staging, grading and extent on tooth loss due to periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2021; 48:648-658. [PMID: 33484162 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess the ability of two-way interactions between baseline stage, grade and extent to predict tooth loss due to periodontitis (TLP) over a long-term follow-up period. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients treated for periodontal disease with a complete medical history, baseline periodontal chart, full mouth radiographs and a minimum of ≥10 years follow-up were recruited. Supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) visits were recorded during the entire follow-up period. Patients were categorized according to their stage, grade and extent. The absolute survival at 10-, 20-, and 30-year follow-up was calculated for TLP. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were plotted at the tooth-level and multilevel Cox regression frailty models were constructed in order to assess the association among predictive variables and TLP by taking into account the hierarchical patient-teeth structure. RESULTS 442 patients (11,125 teeth) with a mean follow-up of 23 years met the inclusion criteria and were included in this study. The most prevalent diagnosis at baseline was stage III grade B (30.3%), followed by stage II grade B (23.5%). Among the parameters analysed, stage and grade were found to be the best predictors of TLP. Statistically significant differences were observed for extent only in patients with severe disease (stage IV or grade C). The multilevel Cox regression analysis demonstrated that patients with higher concomitant baseline staging and grading developed greater TLP over the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS Higher concomitant staging and grading corresponded to greater risk for TLP and generalized extent only became a significant predictor in patients with stage IV or grade C disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ravidà
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Musa Qazi
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Maria V Rodriguez
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Matthew Galli
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Muhammad H A Saleh
- Department of Periodontics, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Giuseppe Troiano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Hom-Lay Wang
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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17
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Nomura Y, Morozumi T, Saito A, Yoshimura A, Kakuta E, Suzuki F, Nishimura F, Takai H, Kobayashi H, Noguchi K, Takahashi K, Tabeta K, Umeda M, Minabe M, Fukuda M, Sugano N, Hanada N, Yoshinari N, Sekino S, Takashiba S, Sato S, Nakamura T, Sugaya T, Nakayama Y, Ogata Y, Numabe Y, Nakagawa T. Prospective Longitudinal Changes in the Periodontal Inflamed Surface Area Following Active Periodontal Treatment for Chronic Periodontitis. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10061165. [PMID: 33802109 PMCID: PMC7998532 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10061165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease of the periodontal tissue. The periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) is a proposed index for quantifying the inflammatory burden resulting from periodontitis lesions. This study aimed to investigate longitudinal changes in the periodontal status as evaluated by the PISA following the active periodontal treatment. To elucidate the prognostic factors of PISA, mixed-effect modeling was performed for clinical parameters, tooth-type, and levels of periodontal pathogens as independent variables. One-hundred-twenty-five patients with chronic periodontitis who completed the active periodontal treatment were followed-up for 24 months, with evaluations conducted at 6-month intervals. Five-times repeated measures of mean PISA values were 130+/−173, 161+/−276, 184+/−320, 175+/−417, and 209+/−469 mm2. Changes in clinical parameters and salivary and subgingival periodontal pathogens were analyzed by mixed-effect modeling. Plaque index, clinical attachment level, and salivary levels of Porphyromonas gingivalis were associated with changes in PISA at the patient- and tooth-level. Subgingival levels of P. gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia were associated with changes in PISA at the sample site. For most patients, changes in PISA were within 10% of baseline during the 24-month follow-up. However, an increase in the number of bleeding sites in a tooth with a deep periodontal pocket increased the PISA value exponentially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Nomura
- Department of Translational Research, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan; (Y.N.); (N.H.)
| | - Toshiya Morozumi
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Interdisciplinary Medicine, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-46-822-8855
| | - Atsushi Saito
- Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan;
| | - Atsutoshi Yoshimura
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan;
| | - Erika Kakuta
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan;
| | - Fumihiko Suzuki
- Division of Dental Anesthesiology, Department of Oral Surgery, Ohu University School of Dentistry, Koriyama 963-8611, Japan;
| | - Fusanori Nishimura
- Section of Periodontology, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
| | - Hideki Takai
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo 271-8587, Japan; (H.T.); (Y.N.); (Y.O.)
| | - Hiroaki Kobayashi
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan;
| | - Kazuyuki Noguchi
- Department of Periodontology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (K.N.); (T.N.)
| | - Keiso Takahashi
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Ohu University School of Dentistry, Koriyama 963-8611, Japan;
| | - Koichi Tabeta
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan;
| | - Makoto Umeda
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka Dental University, Hirakata 573-1121, Japan;
| | - Masato Minabe
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Interdisciplinary Medicine, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan;
| | - Mitsuo Fukuda
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya 464-8650, Japan;
| | - Naoyuki Sugano
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan;
| | - Nobuhiro Hanada
- Department of Translational Research, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan; (Y.N.); (N.H.)
| | - Nobuo Yoshinari
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri 399-0781, Japan;
| | - Satoshi Sekino
- Department of Periodontology, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan; (S.S.); (Y.N.)
| | - Shogo Takashiba
- Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8525, Japan;
| | - Soh Sato
- Department of Periodontology, School of life Dentistry at Niigata, The Nippon Dental University, Niigata 951-8580, Japan;
| | - Toshiaki Nakamura
- Department of Periodontology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (K.N.); (T.N.)
| | - Tsutomu Sugaya
- Division of Periodontology and Endodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan;
| | - Yohei Nakayama
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo 271-8587, Japan; (H.T.); (Y.N.); (Y.O.)
| | - Yorimasa Ogata
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo 271-8587, Japan; (H.T.); (Y.N.); (Y.O.)
| | - Yukihiro Numabe
- Department of Periodontology, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan; (S.S.); (Y.N.)
| | - Taneaki Nakagawa
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan;
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18
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Sparrow TV, Fritz PC, Sullivan PJ, Ward WE. Regular maintenance appointments after non-surgical scaling and root planing support periodontal health in patients with or without dry mouth: A retrospective study. Clin Exp Dent Res 2021; 7:647-655. [PMID: 33474841 PMCID: PMC8543481 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Non‐surgical scaling and root planing (SRP), as an initial form of periodontal treatment, followed by ongoing periodontal maintenance appointments is necessary to manage periodontal disease and prevent tooth loss. Saliva also has an essential role in oral health though the relationship between low salivary flow and periodontal outcomes has not been extensively investigated. This study determined if patients with dry mouth have similar clinical outcomes as patients without dry mouth when receiving regular periodontal maintenance after SRP. Materials and methods This is a retrospective study that investigated clinical periodontal outcomes in patients with (n = 34) or without (n = 85) dry mouth who had undergone SRP 1 to 5 years prior and had routine periodontal maintenance. The presence of dry mouth was established based on a patient's unstimulated salivary flow rate. Results Probing depth for both patients with or without dry mouth was similar between groups and maintained 1 to 5 years following initial SRP. Improved probing depth achieved post‐SRP was sustained regardless of dry mouth status. Conclusion Patients with or without dry mouth did not exhibit different probing depths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor V Sparrow
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.,Periodontal Wellness & Implant Surgery, Fonthill, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter C Fritz
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.,Periodontal Wellness & Implant Surgery, Fonthill, Ontario, Canada.,Center for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Philip J Sullivan
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wendy E Ward
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.,Center for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
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19
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Kim DS, Park KE, Kwak YJ, Bae MK, Bae SK, Jang IS, Jang HO. Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb Root Extract: Anti-Inflammatory Activities of the Medicinal Herb in LPS-Induced Inflammation. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2020; 48:1875-1893. [PMID: 33308100 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x20500949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation regulation is essential for maintaining healthy functions and normal homeostasis of the body. Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is a gram-negative anaerobic bacterium and a major pathogen that causes oral inflammation and other systemic inflammations. This study aims to examine the anti-inflammatory effects of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb root extracts (APL-ME) in Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells and find anti-inflammatory effect compounds of APL-ME. The anti-inflammatory effects of APL-ME were evaluated anti-oxidant activity, cell viability, nitrite concentration, pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1[Formula: see text], interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-[Formula: see text], and anti-inflammatory cytokine (interleukin-10 (IL-10)). Also, Inflammation related genes and proteins, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), expression were decreased by APL-ME and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling proteins expression was regulated by APL-ME. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer (LC/MS)-MS analysis results indicated that several components were detected in APL-ME. Our study indicated that APL-ME suppressed nitrite concentrations, pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1[Formula: see text], IL-6 and TNF-[Formula: see text] in P. gingivalis LPS induced RAW 264.7 cells. However, IL-10 expression was increased by ALP-ME. In addition, protein expressions of COX-2 and iNOS were inhibited APL-ME extracts dose-dependently. According to these results, APL-ME has anti-inflammatory effects in P. gingivalis LPS induced RAW 264.7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Sol Kim
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan-si 50612, Republic of Korea.,Periodontal Disease Signaling Network Research Center (MRC), School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan-si 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Eun Park
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan-si 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Ju Kwak
- Research Institute of GH BioFarm, Gagopa-Healing Food, Changwon-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Kyoung Bae
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan-si 50612, Republic of Korea.,Periodontal Disease Signaling Network Research Center (MRC), School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan-si 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Kyung Bae
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan-si 50612, Republic of Korea.,Periodontal Disease Signaling Network Research Center (MRC), School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan-si 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Ik-Soon Jang
- Division of Life Science, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Ock Jang
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan-si 50612, Republic of Korea
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20
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Rahim‐Wöstefeld S, El Sayed N, Weber D, Kaltschmitt J, Bäumer A, El‐Sayed S, Eickholz P, Pretzl B. Tooth‐related factors for tooth loss 20 years after active periodontal therapy–A partially prospective study. J Clin Periodontol 2020; 47:1227-1236. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Rahim‐Wöstefeld
- Section of Periodontology Department of Conservative Dentistry Clinic for Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases University Hospital Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
| | - Nihad El Sayed
- Section of Periodontology Department of Conservative Dentistry Clinic for Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases University Hospital Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
| | - Dorothea Weber
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics (IMBI) University Hospital Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
| | | | - Amelie Bäumer
- Section of Periodontology Department of Conservative Dentistry Clinic for Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases University Hospital Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
- Private Practice Bielefeld Germany
| | - Shirin El‐Sayed
- Section of Periodontology Department of Conservative Dentistry Clinic for Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases University Hospital Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
| | - Peter Eickholz
- Department of Periodontology Center of Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum) Johann Wolfgang Goethe‐University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt Germany
| | - Bernadette Pretzl
- Section of Periodontology Department of Conservative Dentistry Clinic for Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases University Hospital Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
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21
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Petsos H, Schacher B, Ramich T, Nickles K, Dannewitz B, Arendt S, Seidel K, Eickholz P. Retrospectively analysed tooth loss in periodontally compromised patients: Long‐term results 10 years after active periodontal therapy—Patient‐related outcomes. J Periodontal Res 2020; 55:946-958. [DOI: 10.1111/jre.12786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hari Petsos
- Department of Periodontology Center of Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum) Johann Wolfgang Goethe‐University Frankfurt/Main Frankfurt/Main Germany
- Private Practice Soest Germany
| | - Beate Schacher
- Department of Periodontology Center of Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum) Johann Wolfgang Goethe‐University Frankfurt/Main Frankfurt/Main Germany
| | - Tatjana Ramich
- Department of Periodontology Center of Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum) Johann Wolfgang Goethe‐University Frankfurt/Main Frankfurt/Main Germany
| | - Katrin Nickles
- Department of Periodontology Center of Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum) Johann Wolfgang Goethe‐University Frankfurt/Main Frankfurt/Main Germany
- Private Practice Mannheim Germany
| | - Bettina Dannewitz
- Department of Periodontology Center of Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum) Johann Wolfgang Goethe‐University Frankfurt/Main Frankfurt/Main Germany
- Private Practice Weilburg Germany
| | | | - Kathrin Seidel
- Department of Prosthodontics Center of Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum) Johann Wolfgang Goethe‐University Frankfurt/Main Frankfurt/Main Germany
| | - Peter Eickholz
- Department of Periodontology Center of Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum) Johann Wolfgang Goethe‐University Frankfurt/Main Frankfurt/Main Germany
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22
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Supportive Implant Therapy (SIT): A Prospective 10-Year Study of Patient Compliance Rates and Impacting Factors. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9061988. [PMID: 32630385 PMCID: PMC7357043 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this study is to present patient compliance rates and influential factors for regular attendance in a systematic implant aftercare program (Supportive Implant Therapy; SIT) within a 10-year observation period. From 2005 to 2008, we identified 233 patients with 524 implants and implant-supported restorations at the study center. They had been instructed to attend an SIT program with 3-month recall intervals. A 2019 clinical prospective cohort study on 10-year compliance rates was performed. Data were assessed yearly in regression analyses to identify influential factors. Noncompliance rates increased during the period (4.8%, year 1; 39.7%, year 10). Total noncompliance was observed in four patients (1.7%) with 10 implants. “Age,” “Gender,” “Diabetes”, and “Surgical case complexity” showed no correlation with patient compliance. “Smoking” and “Cardiovascular diseases” significantly influenced patients in one of ten years, while “Number of implants per patient”, “Type of implant-supported prostheses”, and “Pre-existing experience in a prophylaxis program” reached significance after several years. When patients with implant-supported restorations are strongly recommended and frequently remotivated to comply with an SIT program with 3-month recall, an approximately 60% compliance rate after 10 years is achievable. Previous prophylaxis program experience, increased number of implants per patient, and removable implant-supported prostheses may be strong influential factors for increased patient compliance.
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23
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Graetz C, Bäumer A, Eickholz P, Kocher T, Petsos H, Pretzl B, Schwendicke F, Holtfreter B. Long-term tooth retention in periodontitis patients in four German university centres. J Dent 2020; 94:103307. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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24
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Tashiro M, Hirata S, Oozawa K, Shirai J, Taniguchi K, Kasahara N. How to Increase Number of Present Teeth in Elderly: Consideration of Percentile Curves for Present Teeth in Tokyo. THE BULLETIN OF TOKYO DENTAL COLLEGE 2020; 61:37-42. [PMID: 32074589 DOI: 10.2209/tdcpublication.2019-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Maintaining dental and oral health and increasing healthy life expectancy are important issues for Japan as it deals with the rapid aging of its population. The purpose of this study was to determine effective dental health measures aimed at increasing the number of present teeth in the elderly. Change in the number of present teeth was determined based on data obtained from the 2009 and 2014 "Good Teeth Tokyo (Ii-ha Tokyo)" surveys carried out by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government. The number of present teeth and percentile curves were compared between these two time points. The number only showed a significant increase in individuals aged 60 years in 2014 (p<0.05). This may have been due to the establishment of a national public insurance system. The number of present teeth showed an increase in 2014 in the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentile curves. In the 75th and 90th percentile curves, tooth loss accelerated when the number of present teeth was fewer than 25. This finding is consistent with studies reporting that tooth loss itself is a risk for tooth loss. Tooth loss showed a slight acceleration between the ages of approximately 20 and 45 years in the 90th percentile curve. These results indicate that dental check-ups at universities and companies, periodontal disease check-ups performed by local governments, and health instruction at these check-ups are necessary to increase the number of present teeth in the elderly. They further suggest that implementing measures to promote periodic visits to dental clinics and providing incentives to undergo treatment for tooth defects are necessary in high-risk individuals. In conclusion, dental check-ups, health instruction, and strategies for high-risk individuals in their 20s and 40s are necessary to increase the number of present teeth in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Junko Shirai
- Minami Tama Public Health Center, Bureau of Social Welfare and Public Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Government
| | | | - Norio Kasahara
- Department of Forensic Odontology and Anthropology, Tokyo Dental College
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25
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Sparrow TV, Dodington DW, Yumol JL, Fritz PC, Ward WE. Higher intakes of flavonoids are associated with lower salivary IL-1β and maintenance of periodontal health 3-4 years after scaling and root planing. J Clin Periodontol 2020; 47:461-469. [PMID: 31999847 PMCID: PMC7155082 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Aims Higher intakes of fruits and vegetables, and vitamin C are associated with improved periodontal healing post‐scaling and root planing (SRP). This study determined if this association was sustained at 3–4 years post‐SRP, and if flavonoid intake is associated with periodontal health. Whether reduced probing depth (PD) is sustained and whether PD is correlated with salivary IL‐1β, IL‐6 and CRP at 3–4 years post‐SRP were also studied. Materials and Methods Clinical periodontal outcomes, dietary intakes and salivary markers of inflammation were measured in patients (n = 43, 23 females, 37–93 years) who had undergone SRP 3–4 years earlier and had been part of a periodontal maintenance programme. Results Flavonoid intake was inversely associated with PD (p = .042) and salivary IL‐1β concentration (p = .015) after adjustment for multiple confounders. When changes in PD were considered, the association of flavonoid intake with reduced PD became borderline significant (p = .051) but persisted for IL‐1β (p = .018). PD at 3–4 years and 2–4 months post‐SRP was similar. There was a positive correlation between PD and salivary IL‐1β (p = .005) but not with salivary CRP and IL‐6. Conclusion Higher flavonoid intake is associated with lower IL‐1β. Also, regular supportive periodontal therapy maintained the improved PD at 3–4 years post‐SRP regardless of smoking status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor V Sparrow
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - David W Dodington
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Jenalyn L Yumol
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Peter C Fritz
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada.,Periodontal Wellness & Implant Surgery, Fonthill, ON, Canada.,Center for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Wendy E Ward
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada.,Center for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
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26
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Choi GE, Hyun KY. Inhibitory effect of Acer tegmentosum maxim extracts on P. gingivalis LPS-induced periodontitis. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 109:104529. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.104529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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27
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Ravidà A, Qazi M, Troiano G, Saleh MHA, Greenwell H, Kornman K, Wang H. Using periodontal staging and grading system as a prognostic factor for future tooth loss: A long‐term retrospective study. J Periodontol 2019; 91:454-461. [DOI: 10.1002/jper.19-0390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ravidà
- Department of Periodontics and Oral MedicineUniversity of Michigan School of Dentistry Ann Arbor MI
| | - Musa Qazi
- Department of Periodontics and Oral MedicineUniversity of Michigan School of Dentistry Ann Arbor MI
| | - Giuseppe Troiano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity of Foggia Foggia Italy
| | - Muhammad H. A. Saleh
- Department of Periodontics and Oral MedicineUniversity of Michigan School of Dentistry Ann Arbor MI
- Department of PeriodonticsUniversity of Louisville School of Dentistry Louisville KY
| | - Henry Greenwell
- Department of PeriodonticsUniversity of Louisville School of Dentistry Louisville KY
| | - Kenneth Kornman
- Department of Periodontics and Oral MedicineUniversity of Michigan School of Dentistry Ann Arbor MI
| | - Hom‐Lay Wang
- Department of Periodontics and Oral MedicineUniversity of Michigan School of Dentistry Ann Arbor MI
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28
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Pini Prato GP, Di Gianfilippo R, Wang H. Success in periodontology: An evolutive concept. J Clin Periodontol 2019; 46:840-845. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Riccardo Di Gianfilippo
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine The University of Michigan ‐ School of Dentistry Ann Arbor Michigan
| | - Hom‐Lay Wang
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine The University of Michigan ‐ School of Dentistry Ann Arbor Michigan
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29
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Helal O, Göstemeyer G, Krois J, Fawzy El Sayed K, Graetz C, Schwendicke F. Predictors for tooth loss in periodontitis patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Periodontol 2019; 46:699-712. [PMID: 31025366 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM A range of predictors for tooth loss in periodontitis patients have been reported. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the consistency and magnitude of any association between a total of 12 predictors and tooth loss. MATERIALS AND METHODS Medline/Embase/Central were searched for longitudinal studies investigating the association between predictors and tooth loss in periodontitis patients. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed, and study quality assessed. RESULTS Twenty studies (15,422 patients, mean follow-up: 12 years) were included. The mean annual tooth loss/patient was 0.12 (min./max: 0.01/0.36). Older patients (n = 8 studies; OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.03-1.08/year), non-compliant ones (n = 11; 1.51, 1.06-2.16), diabetics (n = 7; 1.80, 1.26-2.57), those with IL-1-polymorphism (n = 3; 1.80; 1.29-2.52) and smokers (n = 15; 1.98, 1.58-2.48) had a significantly higher risk of tooth loss. Teeth with bone loss (n = 3; 1.04, 1.03-1.05/%), high probing pocket depth (n = 6; 3.19, 1.70-5.98), mobility (n = 4; 3.71, 1.65-8.38) and molars (n = 4; 4.22, 2.12-8.39), especially with furcation involvement (n = 5; 2.68, 1.75-4.08) also showed higher risks. Gender (n = 16; 0.95, 0.86-1.05) and endodontic affection (n = 3; 3.62, 0.99-13.2) were not significantly associated with tooth loss. CONCLUSIONS Older, non-compliant, smoking or diabetic patients, and teeth with bone loss, high probing pocket depth, mobility, or molars, especially with furcation involvement showed higher risks of tooth loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Helal
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Charité University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerd Göstemeyer
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Charité University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Krois
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Charité University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karim Fawzy El Sayed
- Clinic of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany.,Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Christian Graetz
- Clinic of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Falk Schwendicke
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Charité University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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30
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Cui X, Monacelli E, Killeen AC, Samson K, Reinhardt RA. Impact of Modifiable Risk Factors on Bone Loss During Periodontal Maintenance. Oper Dent 2019; 44:254-261. [DOI: 10.2341/18-041-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
Objectives:
The aim of this study was to analyze modifiable patient risk factors from dental chart histories and radiographs for progressive mild-moderate periodontitis during periodontal maintenance (PM).
Methods and Materials:
Bitewing radiographs of 442 elderly periodontal maintenance patients were taken before and after two years of periodontal maintenance. Each progressive periodontitis (PP) patient (with at least one site of posterior interproximal bone loss of ≥2 mm, n=71) was matched to a periodontitis stable (PS) patient (no sites with bone loss, n=71) of the same gender and age (±five years) to control for these variables and was compared for measurements of general patient (medical history, smoking, hygiene and compliance habits) and tooth-related (bone loss, overhangs, interproximal dimensions) factors at baseline. Fisher exact and t-tests were used to compare groups.
Results:
While the elderly PM patients with mild-moderate periodontitis were generally stable, 71 of 442 were PP patients. No significant differences from PS patients were observed at baseline with regard to the systemic factors measured. However, the PP group had less cementoenamel junction to bone length (bone loss p<0.0001) and more interproximal width (2.3±1.0 mm) than did the PS group (1.7±0.6 mm, p=0.0016). This was reflected in more open sites without adjacent tooth contact in PP (42% vs 15%, p=0.0006).
Conclusions:
In the short term, systemic and behavior factors are of limited value in identifying mild-moderate periodontitis patients on PM at increased risk of bone loss. However, interproximal width and lack of adjacent tooth contacts are related to the likelihood of losing interproximal bone during periodontal maintenance, suggesting the need for restorative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Cui
- Xiaoxi Cui, SMM, College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - E Monacelli
- Elizabeth Monacelli, BS, College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - AC Killeen
- Amy C Killeen, DDS, MS, College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - K Samson
- Kaeli Samson, MA, MPH, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - RA Reinhardt
- Richard A Reinhardt, DDS, PhD, College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE, USA
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31
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Echeverría JJ, Echeverría A, Caffesse RG. Adherence to supportive periodontal treatment. Periodontol 2000 2019; 79:200-209. [DOI: 10.1111/prd.12256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José J. Echeverría
- Adult Comprehensive Dental Unit School of Dentistry University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Ana Echeverría
- Adult Comprehensive Dental Unit School of Dentistry University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Raúl G. Caffesse
- Postgraduate Periodontics Faculty of Dentistry Complutense University of Madrid Madrid Spain
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32
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Karami E, Naghsh N, Mogharehabed A, Yaghini J. Comparative evaluation of the cortisol level of unstimulated saliva in patients with and without chronic periodontitis. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.270786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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33
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Suzuki S, Yoshino K, Takayanagi A, Sugiyama S, Okamoto M, Tanaka M, Ishizuka Y, Satou R, Onose Y, Kamijo H, Sugihara N. Number of Non-vital Teeth as Indicator of Tooth Loss during 10-year Maintenance: A Retrospective Study. THE BULLETIN OF TOKYO DENTAL COLLEGE 2018; 58:223-230. [PMID: 29269716 DOI: 10.2209/tdcpublication.2016-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether number of non-vital teeth was an indicator of tooth loss during maintenance. Thirty-three general practitioners provided data on 321 patients undergoing maintenance over 10 years. The number of present teeth (PT), smoking status, level of bone loss, number of non-vital teeth, and reason for tooth loss during that period were investigated. Multiple logistic regression was performed to identify whether the number of non-vital teeth was associated with tooth loss. The average number of lost teeth was 1.07±1.82; that of PT at baseline was 24.4±3.9; and that of non-vital teeth at baseline was 5.4±4.5. Multiple logistic regression revealed a significant association between >8 non-vital teeth and tooth loss during maintenance (odds ratio [OR]: 2.40; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18-4.87). It also demonstrated relationships between >8 non-vital teeth and root fracture or caries (OR: 3.90; 95%CI: 1.68-9.03 or OR: 2.85, 95%CI: 1.14-7.10, respectively). The number of non-vital teeth was associated with tooth loss during maintenance. The results suggest that patients with many non-vital teeth before commencement of maintenance are particularly at risk of tooth loss due to root fracture or caries. Therefore, the number of non-vital teeth offers a useful indicator of potential tooth loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seitaro Suzuki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Koichi Yoshino
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Tokyo Dental College
| | | | | | | | | | - Yoichi Ishizuka
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Ryouichi Satou
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Yuki Onose
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Hideyuki Kamijo
- Department of Social Security for Dentistry, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Naoki Sugihara
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Tokyo Dental College
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34
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Pretzl B, El Sayed S, Weber D, Eickholz P, Bäumer A. Tooth loss in periodontally compromised patients: Results 20 years after active periodontal therapy. J Clin Periodontol 2018; 45:1356-1364. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette Pretzl
- Section of Periodontology; Department of Conservative Dentistry; Clinic for Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases; University Hospital Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Shirin El Sayed
- Section of Periodontology; Department of Conservative Dentistry; Clinic for Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases; University Hospital Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Dorothea Weber
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics (IMBI); University Hospital Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Peter Eickholz
- Department of Periodontology; Center of Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum); Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main; Frankfurt Germany
| | - Amelie Bäumer
- Section of Periodontology; Department of Conservative Dentistry; Clinic for Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases; University Hospital Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
- Private Practice; Bielefeld Germany
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35
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Vieira TR, Martins CC, Cyrino RM, Azevedo AMO, Cota LOM, Costa FO. Effects of smoking on tooth loss among individuals under periodontal maintenance therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2018; 34:e00024918. [PMID: 30281706 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00024918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental mortality has been reported by longitudinal studies on periodontal maintenance therapy (PMT), but the independent effect of smoking on tooth loss (TL), adjusted for important confounding variables, has been poorly evaluated. This systematic review aimed to assess and analyze the isolated effect of smoking TL among individuals undergoing PMT. Electronic, manual, grey literature, and recent articles (from April 2018) were searched, with no restriction regarding language; respective dates of publication were included. Epidemiological clinical studies reporting TL data among smokers undergoing PMT in comparison to nonsmoker control groups were selected. Methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analysis was performed, as well as I2 heterogeneity and sensitivity tests. Evidence quality was assessed using GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation). Eleven papers were included in the systematic review: four case-control and seven cohort studies. Ten out of the 11 studies concluded that smoking was an important risk factor for the occurrence of TL. Meta-analysis of four of the cohort studies found that smokers had 3.24 times the chance of occurrence of TL than nonsmokers undergoing PMT (95%CI: 1.33-7.90). Overall, studies' risk of bias was low. The quality of the scientific evidence moderately supports that smokers undergoing PMT have a greater chance of TL than nonsmokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Ribeiral Vieira
- Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
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36
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Kocher T, König J, Borgnakke WS, Pink C, Meisel P. Periodontal complications of hyperglycemia/diabetes mellitus: Epidemiologic complexity and clinical challenge. Periodontol 2000 2018; 78:59-97. [DOI: 10.1111/prd.12235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kocher
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry; University Medicine Greifswald; Greifswald Germany
| | - Jörgen König
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry; University Medicine Greifswald; Greifswald Germany
| | - Wenche Sylling Borgnakke
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine; University of Michigan School of Dentistry; Ann Arbor Michigan
| | - Christiane Pink
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry; University Medicine Greifswald; Greifswald Germany
| | - Peter Meisel
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry; University Medicine Greifswald; Greifswald Germany
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37
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Gopalakrishnan D, Miller PD, Mahuli AV, Sangamithra S, Phantumvanit P, Buranawat B. Evaluation of periodontally diseased molars in diabetics with Miller-McEntire Periodontal Prognostic Index. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2018; 22:401-405. [PMID: 30210188 PMCID: PMC6128126 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_271_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim and Objective: The aim of this study was to prospectively determine and establish the periodontal prognosis of diseased molars in diabetic patients using the Miller–McEntire Periodontal Prognostic Index (MMPPI) with an additional criterion for diabetes (changes in glycosylated hemoglobin levels), at 2-year postperiodontal therapy. Materials and Methods: A sample of 200 molars in 25 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic periodontitis were evaluated. The prognostic parameters evaluated include age, probing depth (PD), mobility, furcation involvement, diabetes, and molar type. The total score calculated from all parameters was used considered prognosis score for each molar. All patients were evaluated at baseline and 2-year posttreatment. Results: The results of this study suggest that following prognostic factors, DM (hazard ratio [HR] =5.2), age (HR = 0.4), and molar type (HR = 0.6) were clinically significant at the end of the 2-year posttherapy from baseline. A total of 4 (2%) teeth were extracted from the 200 teeth with a mean of 0.02 for the tooth lost during 2-year posttreatment. Significant improvements (P < 0.05) in the frequency PD, furcation, and mobility scores were noted at 2 years. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that score for DM as prognostic criterion is a valid addition to MMPPI. The factors such as DM, age, and molar type can impact the prognosis of molar survival. Studies with a larger sample size and longer follow-up are required to affirm the findings of this preliminary study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmarajan Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Periodontics and Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand.,Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Preston Dallas Miller
- Department of Stomatology, Division of Periodontics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Amit Vasant Mahuli
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, NIMS University Dental College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sidharthan Sangamithra
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Prathip Phantumvanit
- Department of Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Borvornwut Buranawat
- Department of Periodontics and Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
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38
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Martinez-Canut P, Llobell A, Romero A. Predictors of long-term outcomes in patients undergoing periodontal maintenance. J Clin Periodontol 2018; 44:620-631. [PMID: 28419497 PMCID: PMC5519943 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM This retrospective study aimed to characterize the baseline status of patients following periodontal maintenance, analysing the association between the long-term outcome of these patients, smoking, bruxism, and the main clinical and radiographic variables. MATERIAL AND METHODS A sample of 174 patients with moderate to severe periodontitis was refined into homogeneous subsamples according to smoking and bruxism and the rate of tooth loss due to periodontal disease (TLPD): 0, 1-2, and >2 teeth. The association and the distribution (χ² test) of the variables within the subsamples were analysed. RESULTS Smoking and bruxism were significantly associated with higher TLPD rates. Vertical and circumferential bone defects (p < .0001), and abfractions (p < .0001) were associated with bruxism and particularly with bruxism and TLPD >2. Furcation defects (p = .0002), fewer radio-opaque subgingival calculus (χ² p < .0001), a lower mean Gingival index (χ² p = .027), and increased mean recessions >1.5 mm (χ² p = .0026) were associated with smoking and higher TLPD rates. The mean baseline mobility, abfractions, and recessions characterized two basic types of TLPD. CONCLUSIONS Smoking, bruxism, and routine clinical and radiological parameters can be used to characterize the baseline status of patients with worse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Martinez-Canut
- Division of Periodontics, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Private practice, Valencia, Spain
| | - Andrés Llobell
- Private practice, Valencia, Spain.,Division of Periodontics, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Romero
- Private practice, Valencia, Spain.,Orofacial Pain. Tufts U. School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Stadler AF, Mendez M, Oppermann RV, Gomes SC. Tooth Loss in Patients under Periodontal Maintenance in a Private Practice: A Retrospective Study. Braz Dent J 2018; 28:440-446. [PMID: 29160395 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201701476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the incidence and causes of tooth loss in periodontal subjects from a private practice in Brazil. Two trained examiners extracted data from the records of subjects who sought periodontal treatment from 1980 to 2013. Only records of patients who completed the non-surgical periodontal treatment and had at least one visit for maintenance were included. Data were analyzed by chi-square test, Student's t-test, Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Cox regression. A total of 3,319 records were reviewed and 737 records included (58.6% women, mean age of 46.6±13.0 years at the beginning of the treatment). Maintenance period ranged from 1 to 33 years (7.4±6 years). During this period, 202 individuals (27.4%) lost 360 teeth, 47.5% of losses within the first five years (n=171). Non-compliers lost more teeth than compliers (p<0.001), respectively 211 and 149 teeth. Regarding reasons of tooth loss, 84 individuals lost 38% of the teeth from periodontal disease progression (n=137). Survival analysis showed that most patients lost only one tooth from periodontal disease, and differences in the survival rates between compliers and non-compliers were observed following the second tooth loss. Approximately one-third of tooth losses was related to periodontal disease progression, and there was stability in time of the proportion of losses from disease progression and other reasons. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that compliant patients in a private practice lose fewer teeth than do non-compliers. Among compliers, periodontal disease progression was not the main cause of tooth loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Finger Stadler
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, UFRGS - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Department of Periodontics, The Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Marina Mendez
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, UFRGS - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rui Vicente Oppermann
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, UFRGS - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Carvalho Gomes
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, UFRGS - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Gopalakrishnan D, Miller PD, Mahuli AV, Sangamithra S, Phantumvanit P, Buranawat B. Prospective evaluation of periodontally diseased molars in smokers using the Miller-McEntire Periodontal Prognostic Index. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2018; 22:304-309. [PMID: 30131621 PMCID: PMC6077974 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_272_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this 2-year prospective survival analysis study is to determine a statistically validated periodontal prognostic score for diseased molars in smokers using the Miller-McEntire Periodontal Prognostic Index (MMPPI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Two hundred molars were evaluated from 25 patients who were smokers with moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis. The factors evaluated included age, probing depth, mobility, furcation involvement, smoking, and molar type. A modified, 5 level, scoring criterion for smoking based on smoking-dose was adopted. MMPPI was computed as the sum of scores for all six prognostic factors. Appropriate periodontal treatment and supportive periodontal therapy were provided. All patients were evaluated at baseline and 2 years posttreatment. Hazard risk ratio (HR) was computed for each prognostic factor. RESULTS A total of 3 (1.5%) teeth of the 200 molars were extracted over the 2-year follow-up duration, with a mean of 0.015 teeth lost. The HR was found as significantly higher for three individual prognostic factors: mobility (HR = 5.57, P = 0.02), smoking (HR = 3.35, P = 0.04), and furcation involvement (HR = 7.30, P = 0.01). Significant and positive HR (HR = 1.70, P = 0.01) was noted for the total MMPPI score, validating its prognostic value for molar survival at 2 years prospectively. CONCLUSIONS The findings of the current study demonstrate the prognostic validity of MMPPI incorporating a more detailed smoking score criterion. The factors smoking, furcation involvement, and mobility significantly impacted the likelihood of survival of periodontally diseased molars. Further studies with a larger sample size and longer follow-up are required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmarajan Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Periodontics & Implant Dentistry, Thammasat University, Rangsit Campus, Phatum Thani, Thailand
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Preston Dallas Miller
- Department of Stomatology, Division of Periodontics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Amit Vasant Mahuli
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, NIMS University Dental College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sidharthan Sangamithra
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Prathip Phantumvanit
- Department of Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University, Rangsit Campus, Phatum Thani, Thailand
| | - Borvornwut Buranawat
- Department of Periodontics & Implant Dentistry, Thammasat University, Rangsit Campus, Phatum Thani, Thailand
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Yoshino K, Ito K, Kuroda M, Sugihara N. Tooth Loss in Problem-oriented, Irregular, and Regular Attenders at Dental Offices. THE BULLETIN OF TOKYO DENTAL COLLEGE 2018; 57:11-9. [PMID: 26961332 DOI: 10.2209/tdcpublication.57.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this retrospective study was to compare number of teeth lost among regular attenders (RAs), irregular attenders (IRAs), and problem-oriented attenders (POAs) at dental offices over a 10-yr observation period. Information on tooth loss was obtained from general practitioners. Patients were divided into 3 groups based on appointment adherence. A total of 1,886 teeth were lost in 1,400 patients. The mean number of teeth lost in men was 2.2±2.6 per patient over 10 yr in POAs, 1.2±1.7 in IRAs, and 1.5±1.5 in RAs. This number was significantly lower in IRAs (p = 0.011) or RAs (p=0.012) than in POAs. When the dependent variable was defined as "a patient with at least 2 or more extracted teeth", the independent variables showed the following correlations with tooth loss: IRAs (OR: 0.54; 95%CI: 0.35-0.84), RAs (OR: 0.65; 95%CI: 0.47-0.89), man (OR: 1.43; 95%CI: 1.11-1.83), hypertension (OR: 1.38; 95%CI: 1.04-1.85), 20-25 present teeth (OR: 2.41; 95%CI: 1.81-3.22), and 1-19 present teeth (OR: 3.75; 95%CI: 2.73-5.16). The risk of tooth loss showed a 0.65-fold increase in RAs undergoing maintenance compared with POAs. Motivating patients to visit the dentist more regularly and undergo maintenance is important. The present results may be of use to dental professionals in providing patients with detailed information on potential tooth loss and associated risk factors with the aim of achieving such a change in behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Yoshino
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Tokyo Dental College
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Chatzopoulos G, Doufexi AE, Wolff L, Kouvatsi A. Interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 gene polymorphisms and the risk of further periodontal disease progression. Braz Oral Res 2018. [PMID: 29538476 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2018.vol32.0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Susceptible genotypes to periodontal disease are associated with disease onset and progression. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of gene polymorphisms on the risk of further disease progression and the need for further treatment among adults with chronic periodontal disease. Sixty-seven patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis were grouped according to genotype status and risk of further progression of disease and tooth loss. All individuals were clinically evaluated for probing pocket depth, clinical attachment loss and bleeding on probing at baseline and 45 days after treatment. Blood samples were collected at baseline and genotyping of the polymorphisms in IL-6 (rs1800796) and IL-10 (rs1800872) genes were performed by PCR. Following DNA separation and genotyping, 65.7% of the patients were homozygous carriers of the IL-6 -572G and 49.3% were carriers of the IL-10 -592A allele. Individuals at risk of disease progression ranged from 7.5% to 62.7% based on the criteria used. Carriers of the IL-10 -592A allele were significantly associated with BOP ≥ 30% and therefore exhibited a higher risk of further periodontal breakdown (p = 0.018) with an odds ratio of 1.18. None of the other definitions of disease progression were significantly associated with the examined IL-6 and IL-10 genotypes (p > 0.05). IL-10 polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of further disease progression and the potential need for further treatment following non-surgical periodontal treatment. Susceptible IL-6 genotypes were not associated with the risk of persisting or recurrent disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Chatzopoulos
- University of Minnesota, School of Dentistry, Department of Surgical and Developmental Sciences, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Larry Wolff
- University of Minnesota, School of Dentistry, Department of Surgical and Developmental Sciences, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Anastasia Kouvatsi
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Manresa C, Sanz‐Miralles EC, Twigg J, Bravo M. Supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) for maintaining the dentition in adults treated for periodontitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018; 1:CD009376. [PMID: 29291254 PMCID: PMC6491071 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd009376.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis is a bacterially-induced, chronic inflammatory disease that destroys the connective tissues and bone that support teeth. Active periodontal treatment aims to reduce the inflammatory response, primarily through eradication of bacterial deposits. Following completion of treatment and arrest of inflammation, supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) is employed to reduce the probability of re-infection and progression of the disease; to maintain teeth without pain, excessive mobility or persistent infection in the long term, and to prevent related oral diseases.According to the American Academy of Periodontology, SPT should include all components of a typical dental recall examination, and importantly should also include periodontal re-evaluation and risk assessment, supragingival and subgingival removal of bacterial plaque and calculus, and re-treatment of any sites showing recurrent or persistent disease. While the first four points might be expected to form part of the routine examination appointment for periodontally healthy patients, the inclusion of thorough periodontal evaluation, risk assessment and subsequent treatment - normally including mechanical debridement of any plaque or calculus deposits - differentiates SPT from routine care.Success of SPT has been reported in a number of long-term, retrospective studies. This review aimed to assess the evidence available from randomised controlled trials (RCTs). OBJECTIVES To determine the effects of supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) in the maintenance of the dentition of adults treated for periodontitis. SEARCH METHODS Cochrane Oral Health's Information Specialist searched the following databases: Cochrane Oral Health's Trials Register (to 8 May 2017), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (the Cochrane Library, 2017, Issue 5), MEDLINE Ovid (1946 to 8 May 2017), and Embase Ovid (1980 to 8 May 2017). The US National Institutes of Health Trials Registry (ClinicalTrials.gov) and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform were searched for ongoing trials. No restrictions were placed on the language or date of publication when searching the electronic databases. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating SPT versus monitoring only or alternative approaches to mechanical debridement; SPT alone versus SPT with adjunctive interventions; different approaches to or providers of SPT; and different time intervals for SPT delivery.We excluded split-mouth studies where we considered there could be a risk of contamination.Participants must have completed active periodontal therapy at least six months prior to randomisation and be enrolled in an SPT programme. Trials must have had a minimum follow-up period of 12 months. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently screened search results to identify studies for inclusion, assessed the risk of bias in included studies and extracted study data. When possible, we calculated mean differences (MDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for continuous variables. Two review authors assessed the quality of evidence for each comparison and outcome using GRADE criteria. MAIN RESULTS We included four trials involving 307 participants aged 31 to 85 years, who had been previously treated for moderate to severe chronic periodontitis. Three studies compared adjuncts to mechanical debridement in SPT versus debridement only. The adjuncts were local antibiotics in two studies (one at high risk of bias and one at low risk) and photodynamic therapy in one study (at unclear risk of bias). One study at high risk of bias compared provision of SPT by a specialist versus general practitioner. We did not identify any RCTs evaluating the effects of SPT versus monitoring only, or of providing SPT at different time intervals, or that compared the effects of mechanical debridement using different approaches or technologies.No included trials measured our primary outcome 'tooth loss'; however, studies evaluated signs of inflammation and potential periodontal disease progression, including bleeding on probing (BoP), clinical attachment level (CAL) and probing pocket depth (PPD).There was no evidence of a difference between SPT delivered by a specialist versus a general practitioner for BoP or PPD at 12 months (very low-quality evidence). This study did not measure CAL or adverse events.Due to heterogeneous outcome reporting, it was not possible to combine data from the two studies comparing mechanical debridement with or without the use of adjunctive local antibiotics. Both studies found no evidence of a difference between groups at 12 months (low to very low-quality evidence). There were no adverse events in either study.The use of adjunctive photodynamic therapy did not demonstrate evidence of benefit compared to mechanical debridement only (very low-quality evidence). Adverse events were not measured.The quality of the evidence is low to very low for these comparisons. Future research is likely to change the findings, therefore the results should be interpreted with caution. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Overall, there is insufficient evidence to determine the superiority of different protocols or adjunctive strategies to improve tooth maintenance during SPT. No trials evaluated SPT versus monitoring only. The evidence available for the comparisons evaluated is of low to very low quality, and hampered by dissimilarities in outcome reporting. More trials using uniform definitions and outcomes are required to address the objectives of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Manresa
- Dental School, University of BarcelonaAdult Comprehensive DentistryFeixa LLarga s/nHospitalet de LlobregatBarcelonaSpain08907
| | - Elena C Sanz‐Miralles
- Dental School, University of BarcelonaAdult Comprehensive DentistryFeixa LLarga s/nHospitalet de LlobregatBarcelonaSpain08907
- Columbia UniversityDivision of Periodontics, Section of Oral, Diagnostic and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Dental MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Joshua Twigg
- Cardiff UniversitySchool of DentistryDepartment of Oral and Biomedical SciencesHeath ParkCardiffUKCF14 4XY
| | - Manuel Bravo
- Dental School, University of GranadaPreventive DentistryCampus de la Cartuja s/nGranadaSpain08071
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Martinez-Canut P, Llobell A. A comprehensive approach to assigning periodontal prognosis. J Clin Periodontol 2017; 45:431-439. [PMID: 29247450 PMCID: PMC5900888 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this retrospective case series study was to evaluate the usefulness and performance of a comprehensive approach to assigning periodontal prognosis by assessing the risk of tooth loss due to periodontal disease (TLPD) and estimate the survival time (ST) of periodontally compromised teeth (PCT). MATERIAL AND METHODS The Long-Term Outcome (LTO) index was utilized to assess the risk of TLPD, at baseline, in 100 patients following periodontal maintenance for a mean 24.7 year (±2.4). A TLPD prediction model was utilized to assign ST to PCT. The performance of the TLPD prediction based on both parameters was assessed. RESULTS The mean TLPD rate increased as the LTO index increased (Kruskal-Wallis p < .001). The percentage of TLPD increased as the ST decreased, with significantly differences between the LTO categories <4 and ≥4 for all ST intervals (Mann-Whitney p < .001 to p .021). Only 21% of PCT were lost. This percentage was 58% for teeth assigned the shortest ST and increased to 71% and 88% for these teeth in LTO ≥4 patients. CONCLUSIONS This approach might be useful to predict TLPD in patients with an initial higher risk of TLPD while it was not useful in patients with lower risk of TLPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Martinez-Canut
- Division of Periodontics, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Private Practice, Valencia, Spain
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45
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Schwendicke F, Dörfer CE, Meier T. Global smoking-attributable burden of periodontal disease in 186 countries in the year 2015. J Clin Periodontol 2017; 45:2-14. [PMID: 28965352 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM We aimed to quantify the smoking-attributable burden of periodontal disease (PD). METHODS The association between smoking and PD was evaluated. Population, smoking and PD data from the Global Burden of Disease Study were used, and the burden in different sex and age groups in 186 countries in 2015 calculated, adjusted for PD prevalence and numbers of cigarettes smoked. No adjustment was performed in a sensitivity analysis. RESULTS The global smoking-attributable burden was 251,160 disability-adjusted life years (DALYs; 95% uncertainty interval: 190,721-324,241; sensitivity analysis: 344,041 DALYs) or 38.5 million cases. The burden was lower in females than males, and highest in the age group of the 50- to 69-year-olds. On super-regional level, the burden was highest in South-East Asia, East Asia and Oceania (83,052 DALYs), and high-income North America and Asia Pacific (55,362 DALYs). On regional level, it was highest in East Asia (70,845 DALYs), South Asia (30,808 DALYs) and North Africa and the Middle East (24,095 DALYs). On national level, it was highest in China (69,148 DALYs), India (29,362 DALYs) and the United States (12,714 DALYs). The relative smoking-attributable burden ranged between >25% in Suriname and <1% in Chad. CONCLUSIONS There is great need to monitor and tackle the smoking-attributable burden of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falk Schwendicke
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christof E Dörfer
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Toni Meier
- Institute for Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.,Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Germany
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46
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Hassel AJ, Safaltin V, Grill S, Schröder J, Wahl HW, Klotz AL, Habibi E, Rammelsberg P, Zenthöfer A. Risk factors for tooth loss in middle and older age after up to 10 years: An observational cohort study. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 86:7-12. [PMID: 29132069 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this research was to identify risk factors for tooth loss in two birth cohorts, quinquagenarians and septuagenarians, after up to 10 years of clinical observation. DESIGN One hundred and twenty-three participants were recruited from the Interdisciplinary Study of Adult Development (ILSE) and examined at baseline and up to 10 years after. Thirty-nine and 84 participants belonged to the older (OC; born in 1930/32) cohort and younger (YC; born in 1950/52) cohort, respectively. Each participant underwent a dental examination comprising evaluation of the dental status (number of teeth, prosthetic restorations), Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), DMF-S, periodontal probing depths (PD) and tooth mobility (TM). Incidence of tooth loss over the study period was calculated for both cohorts as well as for the grouped dental target variables. A logistic regression model for tooth loss (0=tooth present/1=tooth lost) was compiled with possible binary confounders. RESULTS During the study period (eight years in mean), 1.2 (1.9) and 2.6 (2.6) teeth were lost in YC and OC, respectively, reflecting correspondent loss rates of 5% and 14% (p<0.001). However, primarily TM >1 merged into substantial tooth loss (60% lost). The regression analysis confirmed the bivariate findings. Older age and worse oral health issues were identified as risk factors for tooth loss(p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Both quinquagenarians and septuagenarians show relevant tooth loss over a period of up to 10 years but more in septuagenarians. The predominant predictor for tooth loss seems to be greater tooth mobility. With the rising challenges due to aging in several societies, knowing the risks might help clinicians when weighing treatment strategies and should encourage refining preventive measures for older patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Volkan Safaltin
- Dental School, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Grill
- Dental School, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Schröder
- Section of Gerontopsychiatric Research, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Gerontology, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Anna-Luisa Klotz
- Dental School, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Edriss Habibi
- Dental School, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Rammelsberg
- Dental School, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Zenthöfer
- Dental School, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University of Heidelberg, Germany
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Yadav NK, Nanda S, Sharma G, Katare OP. Systematically Optimized Ketoprofen-Loaded Novel Proniosomal Formulation for Periodontitis: In Vitro Characterization and In Vivo Pharmacodynamic Evaluation. AAPS PharmSciTech 2017; 18:1863-1880. [PMID: 27844417 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-016-0665-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Various preclinical/clinical studies support the effectiveness of ketoprofen in periodontitis; however, the literature reveals that novel delivery systems have been less explored for the drug in periodontitis. The current investigation aims to explore the potential of a pro-vesicular approach-based proniosomal drug delivery of ketoprofen for its effectiveness and validation in experimental periodontal disease (EPD). Formulations were developed using I-optimal mixture design. Developed formulations were characterized for entrapment efficiency, vesicle size, and in vitro drug release. Selected proniosomal gels were evaluated for mucoadhesiveness, ex vivo drug permeation, and retention studies. Optimized proniosomal gel was evaluated for surface morphology, rheological behavior, texture studies, and pharmacodynamic activity in EPD. The results showed that ketoprofen-loaded proniosomal formulations formed a mucoadhesive hydrogel comprising spherical and flexible vesicles. Viscosity and texture studies showed good adhesion and smoothness, which are desired for enhanced permeation. The disease condition was improved with preserved bone resorption process, that too with intact cementum vis-à-vis marketed gel formulation, when evaluated in the EPD model. The results lead to the conclusion that proniosomes can act as a promising carrier and can be effectively used for improved ketoprofen delivery in periodontal pockets.
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48
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Graetz C, Sälzer S, Plaumann A, Schlattmann P, Kahl M, Springer C, Dörfer C, Schwendicke F. Tooth loss in generalized aggressive periodontitis: Prognostic factors after 17 years of supportive periodontal treatment. J Clin Periodontol 2017; 44:612-619. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Graetz
- Clinic of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology; University of Kiel; Kiel Germany
| | - Sonja Sälzer
- Clinic of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology; University of Kiel; Kiel Germany
| | - Anna Plaumann
- Clinic of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology; University of Kiel; Kiel Germany
| | - Peter Schlattmann
- Institute of Medical Statistics; Computer Sciences and Documentation; Jena University Hospital; Jena Germany
| | - Maren Kahl
- Clinic of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology; University of Kiel; Kiel Germany
| | - Claudia Springer
- Clinic of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology; University of Kiel; Kiel Germany
| | - Christof Dörfer
- Clinic of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology; University of Kiel; Kiel Germany
| | - Falk Schwendicke
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry; Charité University of Berlin; Berlin Germany
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49
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Persson GR. Dental geriatrics and periodontitis. Periodontol 2000 2017; 74:102-115. [DOI: 10.1111/prd.12192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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50
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Graetz C, Plaumann A, Schlattmann P, Kahl M, Springer C, Sälzer S, Gomer K, Dörfer C, Schwendicke F. Long-term tooth retention in chronic periodontitis - results after 18 years of a conservative periodontal treatment regimen in a university setting. J Clin Periodontol 2017; 44:169-177. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Graetz
- Clinic of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology; University of Kiel; Kiel Germany
| | - Anna Plaumann
- Clinic of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology; University of Kiel; Kiel Germany
| | - Peter Schlattmann
- Institute of Medical Statistics, Computer Sciences and Documentation; Jena University Hospital; Jena Germany
| | - Maren Kahl
- Clinic of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology; University of Kiel; Kiel Germany
| | - Claudia Springer
- Clinic of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology; University of Kiel; Kiel Germany
| | - Sonja Sälzer
- Clinic of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology; University of Kiel; Kiel Germany
| | - Konstantin Gomer
- Clinic of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology; University of Kiel; Kiel Germany
| | - Christof Dörfer
- Clinic of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology; University of Kiel; Kiel Germany
| | - Falk Schwendicke
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry; Charité University of Berlin; Berlin Germany
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