1
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Tsai KZ, Huang CM, Wang HS, Sui X, Lavie CJ, Lin GM. Does the guideline-based physical activity level for cardiovascular health also benefit periodontal health? J Dent Sci 2024; 19:46-50. [PMID: 38303861 PMCID: PMC10829664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2023.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Abstract Background/purpose It is unclear about whether the guideline-based physical activity (PA) level for cardiovascular health also benefits periodontal health. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the association between guideline-based PA levels and periodontitis in young adults. Materials and methods This was a cross-sectional study which included 334 military participants, aged 18-44 years in Taiwan. The PA level was assessed by total running time per week (wk) in the past 6 months from a self-reported questionnaire, and was classified as moderate intensity PA <150, 150-299, and ≥300 min/wk according to the American guideline for cardiovascular health. Periodontitis was defined based on the 2017 World Workshop. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association with adjustment for age, sex, educational level, tobacco smoking, alcohol intake, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure and teeth brushing frequency. Results As compared to the PA: 150-299 min/wk, the PA <150 min/wk was associated with a greater possibility of periodontitis (odds ratio (OR): 2.45 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.24-4.82), whereas the PA ≥300 min/wk was not associated with periodontitis (OR: 0.98 (95% CI: 0.13-1.09)) in young adults. Conclusion The guideline-based moderate intensity PA level ≥150 min/wk is found to have superior periodontal health in young adults. However, there is no additional benefit in more exercise time to obtain better periodontal health when the suggested PA level has been achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Zhe Tsai
- Department of Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Stomatology of Periodontology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Ming Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mennonite Christian Hospital, Hualien City, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Shang Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien City, Taiwan
| | - Xuemei Sui
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Carl J. Lavie
- John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School, The University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Gen-Min Lin
- Department of Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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2
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Santoso CMA, Bramantoro T, Kardos L, Szakács DF, Nagy A. Metabolic syndrome and periodontitis among adults: The 2018 Indonesia National Health Survey. J Clin Periodontol 2022; 49:562-572. [PMID: 35373363 PMCID: PMC9325069 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aim This study aimed to examine the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS), its components, and periodontitis among Indonesian adults. Materials and Methods Cross‐sectional data from the 2018 Indonesia National Health Survey (Riskesdas) was analysed. The sample included dentate individuals aged 35 years or older for whom complete information was available on components of MetS and periodontitis, including bleeding on probing (BOP) (N = 13,356), pocket depth (PD) (N = 13,273), and clinical attachment loss (CAL) (N = 13,000). Rate ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated with negative binomial regression models. Results The prevalence of MetS was 41.0%. The prevalence of individuals having at least one tooth with BOP, one tooth with PD ≥4 mm, or one sextant with CAL ≥4 mm was 74.9%, 40.7%, and 40.6%, respectively. No associations were observed between MetS and BOP, PD, or CAL, but hyperglycaemia was constantly positively associated with BOP (RR = 1.06; 95% CI 1.01–1.11), PD (RR = 1.13; 95% CI 1.03–1.23), and CAL (RR = 1.15; 95% CI 1.08–1.23). Conclusions Our findings support the potential influence of hyperglycaemia on periodontitis. Incorporating oral disease prevention strategies into the management of systemic diseases could be beneficial for reducing the burden of these diseases in Indonesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Melinda Adi Santoso
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Taufan Bramantoro
- Department of Dental Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - László Kardos
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dóra Fanni Szakács
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila Nagy
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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3
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De Soet JJ, Claesson R, Haubek D, Johansson A, Buijs MJ, Volgenant CMC. The Highly Leukotoxic JP2 Genotype of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Is Present in the Population of the West African Island, Sal in Cape Verde: A Pilot Study. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11050577. [PMID: 35631098 PMCID: PMC9145930 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11050577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is strongly associated with severe periodontitis, possibly due to its production of a potent leukotoxin. A genetic variant, the JP2 genotype, was found to produce more leukotoxin than the wild type because of a mutation in the leukotoxin gene, and this genotype is frequently found in African populations. The aim of this study was to investigate whether this JP2 genotype can be found in a randomly selected group of inhabitants of Sal, Cape Verde. Twenty-nine adults between 20 and 59 years of age (58.6% female) participated, and information on their oral health and living standards was collected. An oral examination was performed for each participant, including DMF-T and CPI scores. Plaque and saliva samples were collected and transported to Europe, where DNA was isolated, and the concentration of A. actinomycetemcomitans and its JP2 genotype was determined using dedicated PCR analyses. All 29 plaque and 31% of the saliva samples harboured A. actinomycetemcomitans, and two participants were positive for the JP2 genotype. The presence of this JP2 genotype was not associated with either CPI or DMF-T. This pilot study is the first to describe the presence of the A. actinomycetemcomitans JP2 genotype in a Cape Verdean population living in the Cape Verde Islands, and the findings warrant further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes J. De Soet
- Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Department of Preventive Dentistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and Universiteit van Amsterdam, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (J.J.D.S.); (M.J.B.)
| | - Rolf Claesson
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden; (R.C.); (A.J.)
| | - Dorte Haubek
- Section for Paediatric Dentistry, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
| | - Anders Johansson
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden; (R.C.); (A.J.)
| | - Mark J. Buijs
- Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Department of Preventive Dentistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and Universiteit van Amsterdam, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (J.J.D.S.); (M.J.B.)
| | - Catherine M. C. Volgenant
- Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Department of Preventive Dentistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and Universiteit van Amsterdam, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (J.J.D.S.); (M.J.B.)
- Correspondence:
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The Association between Bone Mineral Density and Periodontal Disease in Middle-Aged Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18063321. [PMID: 33807030 PMCID: PMC8004878 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18063321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The association between osteoporosis and periodontal disease (PD) has been revealed by previous studies, but there have been few studies on the association in younger adults. We enrolled a total of 7298 adults aged 40 to 44 who underwent PD screening between 2003 and 2008. Data on quantitative ultrasound for the measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) were collected for the diagnostic criteria of osteopenia and osteoporosis. The Community Periodontal Index (CPI) was measured for defining PD. A multiple logistic regression model was used to assess the effect of low bone mass on the risk of PD. Of 7298 enrollees, 31% had periodontal pockets >3 mm, 36.2% had osteopenia, and 2.1% had osteoporosis. The 39.8% of PD prevalence was high in adults with osteoporosis, followed by 33.3% in osteopenia. A negative association was found between BMD and CPI value (p < 0.0001). Low bone mass was associated with the risk of PD (adjusted OR: 1.13; 95% CI:1.02–1.26) after adjusting the confounding factors, including age, gender, education level, overweight, smoking status, past history of osteoporosis, and diabetes mellitus. An association between BMD and PD among young adults was found. An intervention program for the prevention of PD and osteoporosis could be considered starting in young adults.
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5
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Lai H, Yen AMF, Chen SLS, Chen THH. Effectiveness of a 30-year periodontist's primary care for 1946 patients during five-year follow-up. Oral Dis 2021; 28:1250-1260. [PMID: 33660380 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of the periodontal primary care (PPC) on the improvement of periodontal probing depth based on a periodontist's 30-year practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS We enrolled a total of 2,894 patients who underwent periodontal basic treatment between 1987 and 2017 with 84.5% retention rate. The study population was composed of 80% (n = 1,946) of retained patients with complete re-evaluation up to five-year follow-up. The outcome was measured by the improvement of probing depths (graded as 1:1-3 mm; 2:4-6 mm; 3: ≥7 mm) before and after PPC on both sextant and patient levels. Whether a better improvement was seen in the surgical group and the non-smoker group opposed to their comparators was assessed with various multi-variable regression models. RESULTS On patient (sextant) level, 82% (38%) improved, 13% (59%) unchanged, and 5% (3%) deteriorated. Adjusted better improvement of probing depth was noted for the surgical group by 63% and non-smoker by 31% compared with their counterparts. The similar findings were found for the outcomes based on continuous probing depth scores. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate the improvement of probing depth scores with a periodontal primary care offered for the retained patients and larger effect for the surgical group and non-smoker patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmin Lai
- Dentway International Dental Hospital. Formerly in private practice, Taipei, Taiwan.,Dental Department, Taipei Medical University Shuang-Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Amy Ming-Fang Yen
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sam Li-Sheng Chen
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tony Hsiu-Hsi Chen
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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6
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Chen HH, Ho CW, Hsieh MC, Chen CC, Hsu SP, Lin CL, Kao CH. Gout can increase the risk of periodontal disease in Taiwan. Postgrad Med 2020; 132:521-525. [PMID: 32298158 DOI: 10.1080/00325481.2020.1757267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the risk of periodontal disease (PD) in gout patients. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000. The gout cohort included 31,759 patients newly diagnosed with gout from 2000 to 2012, and the comparison (nongout) cohort included 63,517 patients. Univariate and multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs), with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs), were estimated using the Cox proportional hazard model for determining the occurrence of PD in both cohorts. We also measured the cumulative incidence of PD in these two cohorts using the Kaplan-Meier method and assessed the curve difference using the log-rank test. Results: The mean follow-up time was more than 6 years for both cohorts. The overall incidence rate of PD was significantly higher in the gout cohort than in the comparison cohort (5.04 vs 4.16 per 10,000 person-years; aHR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.10-1.16). Only patients using colchicine had a significantly lower risk of PD (aHR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.79-0.91). Conclusion: In our study, patients with gout showed an increased risk of PD, and treatment with colchicine could decrease the risk. Abbreviations: PD: periodontal disease; LHID: Longitudinal Health Insurance Research Database; NHIRD, National Health Insurance Research Database; ICD-9-CM: International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification; CI: confidence interval; HR: hazard ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Hung Chen
- Intelligent Diabetes Metabolism and Exercise Center, China Medical University Hospital , Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wei Ho
- Intelligent Diabetes Metabolism and Exercise Center, China Medical University Hospital , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chia Hsieh
- Intelligent Diabetes Metabolism and Exercise Center, China Medical University Hospital , Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Integrative Medicine, China Medical University , Taichung, Taiwan.,Division of Clinical Nutrition, China Medical University Hospital , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chu Chen
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital , Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Pang Hsu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Li Lin
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital , Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Kao
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, China Medical University , Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, China Medical University Hospital , Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University , Taichung, Taiwan.,Center of Augmented Intelligence in Healthcare, China Medical University Hospital , Taichung, Taiwan
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7
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Wu CP, Tu YK, Lu SL, Chang JH, Lu HK. Quantitative analysis of Miller mobility index for the diagnosis of moderate to severe periodontitis - A cross-sectional study. J Dent Sci 2019; 13:43-47. [PMID: 30895093 PMCID: PMC6388838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose We assessed the mobility of single-root teeth by using Miller's mobility index (MMI) and to analyze the validity of MMI for the diagnosis of periodontitis. Materials and methods A total of 30 patients were included and the Spearman correlation coefficient was used to assess the correlation between MMI, clinical attachment level (CAL), and probing depth (PD). The validity of MMI for the diagnosis of the severity of periodontitis was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, area under curve (AUC) value, positive predictive value (PPV). Results Strong correlations were observed between MMI and CAL (r = 0.92) and between MMI and PD (r = 0.76). When the CAL = 3–4 mm and CAL ≥5 mm groups were pooled together, the AUC value was 0.81. The AUC was 0.86 for diagnosis with MMI in the CAL ≥5 mm group. A PPV of 100% was achieved for all grades when MMI >1. When the teeth with PD ≥ 5 to <7 mm and PD ≥ 7 mm groups were pooled together, the AUC value for MMI was 0.80. The PPV was 98.8%, 99%, and 100% for MMI Grade 1, Grade 2, and Grade 3, respectively. When PD ≥ 7 mm was defined as severe periodontitis, the AUC value for MMI was 0.72. Conclusion MMI may provide valuable information for the diagnosis of moderate and severe periodontitis when CAL is not obtainable during routine practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Ping Wu
- Periodontal Department, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Kang Tu
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sao-Lun Lu
- Periodontal Department, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Hung Chang
- Periodontal Department, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsein-Kun Lu
- Periodontal Department, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Clinical Periodontics of Dental Department, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Corresponding author. Periodontal Department, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu Xing Street, Taipei, Taiwan. Fax: +886 2 27362295.
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8
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Huang JL, Chen WK, Lin CL, Lai CY, Kao CH, Chiang HH, Yang TY, Shih HM. Association between intensive periodontal treatment and spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage-a nationwide, population-based cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14814. [PMID: 30855503 PMCID: PMC6417639 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammation of periodontium and has a high prevalence. Periodontal disease has been discovered to be a possible risk factor for cerebrovascular diseases. The available evidence are not enough to set up a causal relationship between periodontal disease and cerebrovascular diseases. Patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage have high mortality rates. The present study investigated whether intensive periodontal treatment is a protective factor of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage and can reduce the risk of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.In total, 64,960 patients with a history of periodontal disease were picked out from the National Health Insurance Research Databases as a case-cohort from January 01, 2000 to December 31, 2010. They were divided on the basis of whether periodontal disease patients received intensive surgical treatment (treatment cohort) or not (control cohort). The periodontal disease patients in treatment and control cohorts were selected by propensity score matching at a ratio of 1:1. Incidences of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in both cohorts were analyzed and compared.The total hazard of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage was significantly decreased in the treatment cohorts compared with the control cohorts (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.60, 95% confidence interval = 0.45-0.79).Compared with the control cohort, intensive periodontal treatment may reduce the overall incidence of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage, particularly in elderly patients, males, and those who received more than 2 intensive treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Lun Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University
| | - Wei-Kung Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University
| | - Cheng-Li Lin
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital
- College of Medicine, China Medical University
| | - Ching-Yuan Lai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University
| | - Chia-Hung Kao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, China Medical University Hospital
| | - Hsien-Hsiung Chiang
- School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, China Medical University
- Department of Dentistry, China Medical University and Hospital
| | - Tse-Yen Yang
- Molecular and Genomic Epidemiology Center, China Medical University Hospital
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Mo Shih
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University
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9
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Liu TH, Tsai TY, Pan TM. Effects of an ethanol extract from Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei NTU 101 fermented skimmed milk on lipopolysaccharide-induced periodontal inflammation in rats. Food Funct 2019; 9:4916-4925. [PMID: 30178812 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01303a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The increased incidence of periodontal disease in recent years has garnered considerable attention. Numerous studies have confirmed that probiotics, such as lactic acid bacteria, can ameliorate periodontal inflammation. The current study aimed to assess the effect of an ethanol extract of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei NTU 101-fermented skimmed milk (NTU101FM) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced periodontal inflammation in rats. NTU101FM ethanol extract significantly ameliorated the weight loss caused by periodontal inflammation. NTU101FM ethanol extract treatment also reduced the oral microbial levels and decreased the levels of alveolar bone loss. Finally, NTU101FM ethanol extract was found to ameliorate periodontal inflammation by decreasing the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reducing oxidative stresses induced by LPS. Overall, our findings demonstrate that NTU101FM ethanol extract could be developed as a functional food that could ameliorate periodontal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Te-Hua Liu
- Department of Biochemical Science & Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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10
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Liu TH, Tsai TY, Pan TM. The Anti-Periodontitis Effects of Ethanol Extract Prepared Using Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei NTU 101. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10040472. [PMID: 29649103 PMCID: PMC5946257 DOI: 10.3390/nu10040472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Poor oral health and related diseases, including caries, periodontal disease, and oral cancer, are highly prevalent across the world, particularly in the elderly. This study aimed to investigate the anti-periodontitis activity of fermented skim milk produced using the promising probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei NTU 101 (NTU101FM). An initial analysis found that an ethanol extract of NTU101FM displayed anti-oxidative activities. Further investigation of pathogen growth inhibition zones, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) revealed that the NTU101FM ethanol extract also had anti-periodontal pathogen activities. In addition, the NTU101FM ethanol extract significantly decreased the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Finally, the NTU101FM ethanol extract was found to inhibit receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation by reducing tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity and the number of TRAP-positive multinucleated osteoclasts. In summary, our study demonstrated that ethanol extract prepared from NTU101FM has potential use as an anti-periodontitis agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Te-Hua Liu
- Department of Biochemical Science & Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Tsung-Yu Tsai
- Department of Food Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan.
| | - Tzu-Ming Pan
- Department of Biochemical Science & Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
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11
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Shrivastav A, Maurya R, Shukla C, Sahu T, Chauhan N, Azad A, Dubey A. Oral hygiene and periodontal status in the primitive hidden tribe of Patalkot, a tribal area in Central India. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2018; 22:55-59. [PMID: 29568174 PMCID: PMC5855272 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_153_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Very little is known about the hard to reach tribal communities in India and one such community is a primitive hidden and isolated tribe group of Bharia people in Patalkot. Their health problems need special attention as they have very limited access to health care. The aim of this study is to assess the oral hygiene and periodontal status in the primitive tribe group of Bharias in Patalkot, Madhya Pradesh, India. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken with sample size of 462 patients. The sample was selected using simple random technique. A predefined pro forma was used to record information about oral hygiene practices and tobacco-related habits. Oral Hygiene Index-simplified (OHI-S), Community Periodontal Index (CPI), and loss of attachment (LOA) were used to assess oral hygiene and periodontal status, respectively. Results: The prevalence of periodontal disease based on CPI scores showed that 35.4 % had periodontal pocket > 6mm. It was also found that 27.9% people had attachment loss of 6-8mm. Mean Debris Index-simplified, Calculus Index-simplified, and OHI-S for the participants were 1.59 ± 0.73, 0.99 ± 0.70, and 2.56 ± 1.36, respectively. Poor oral hygiene status was found in 36.3% of Bharias. Conclusion: Higher prevalence of periodontal diseases and poor oral hygiene status in Bharia people can be attributed mainly to their difficult terrain, isolation, very low literacy level, socioeconomic status, and cultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpan Shrivastav
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Rishiraj College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Rajkumar Maurya
- Department of Orthodontics, Army Dental Center (R&R), New Delhi, India
| | - Chandresh Shukla
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, People's College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Trilok Sahu
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Rishiraj College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Neeraj Chauhan
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Bhabha College of Dental Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Antriksh Azad
- Department of Conservative and Endodontics, Bhabha College of Dental Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ashutosh Dubey
- Department of Periodontology, Peoples Dental Academy, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
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12
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Su CW, Yen AMF, Lai H, Chen HH, Chen SLS. Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve–Based Prediction Model for Periodontal Disease Updated With the Calibrated Community Periodontal Index. J Periodontol 2017; 88:1348-1355. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2017.170138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiu-Wen Su
- Big Data Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Institute of Epidemiology and Prevention Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Amy Ming-Fang Yen
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Oral Health Care Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University
| | - Hongmin Lai
- Department of Dentistry, Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University
- Taiwan Dental Health Care Organization, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Hsi Chen
- Institute of Epidemiology and Prevention Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sam Li-Sheng Chen
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Oral Health Care Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University
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13
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Choi JK, Kim YT, Kweon HI, Park EC, Choi SH, Lee JH. Effect of periodontitis on the development of osteoporosis: results from a nationwide population-based cohort study (2003-2013). BMC WOMENS HEALTH 2017; 17:77. [PMID: 28893226 PMCID: PMC5594600 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-017-0440-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background The prevalence of osteoporosis associated with the aging process is anticipated to increase along with the rising aging population. Periodontitis that the most common chronic infections of humankind is considered the risk factor for osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to identify the association between osteoporosis and periodontitis using a population-based cohort. Methods The case group was defined as patients diagnosed with periodontitis and treated with subgingival curettage, root conditioning, periodontal flap operation, bone grafting for alveolar bone defects, and guided tissue regeneration. Case and control groups matched for gender, age, household income, type of social security, disability, and residential area were generated. A Cox proportional hazard model was constructed to examine the difference in the development of osteoporosis between the case and control groups. The final sample included 13,464 participants. Results The incidence of osteoporosis was 1.1% in males and 15.8% in females during a 10-year period. The risk factors for osteoporosis in males were increasing age and Charlson Comorbidity Index score. Periodontitis was not associated with the development of osteoporosis in males. The risk factors for osteoporosis in females were increasing age, body mass index, Charlson Comorbidity Index score, diabetes, and periodontitis. Women with periodontitis were more likely to also develop osteoporosis (HR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.01–1.48). Conclusions Periodontitis has an effect on the development of osteoporosis in females. Managing good teeth is required for the prevention and delay of osteoporosis. This includes dental examinations, regular cleanings and gum treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Kyu Choi
- Department of Periodontology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Taek Kim
- Department of Periodontology, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hye-In Kweon
- Department of Periodontology, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong-Ho Choi
- Department of Periodontology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
| | - Jae-Hong Lee
- Department of Periodontology, Wonkwang University Daejeon Dental Hospital, Wonkwang University College of Dentistry, 77, Dunsan-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, 35233, Korea.
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14
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Su CW, Yen AF, Lai H, Lee Y, Chen HH, Chen SS. Effects of risk factors on periodontal disease defined by calibrated community periodontal index and loss of attachment scores. Oral Dis 2017; 23:949-955. [PMID: 28419664 PMCID: PMC5599987 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We evaluated whether and how the effects of risk factors on periodontal disease (PD) were modified by measurement errors using community periodontal index (CPI) and loss attachment (LA) in the community-based survey. METHODS A pilot validation study was performed to estimate the rates of false negative and false positive for both CPI and LA in 31 subjects from different regions using measurements from 12 well-trained dentists and a senior periodontist as a gold standard. Afterward, a Taiwanese nationwide survey was conducted by enrolling 3,860 participants to estimate the effect of each risk factor on PD calibrated with both sensitivity and specificity of two indices. RESULTS The values obtained for the sensitivity to false-positive ratio for CPI ranged widely from 1.12 to 7.71, indicating regional variation in both errors. The calibrated adjusted odds ratio for smoking vs non-smoking was higher than the uncalibrated odds ratio for PD defined by CPI (2.75 (2.01, 3.77) vs 2.02 (1.63, 2.52)) and LA (3.85 (2.44, 6.13) vs 1.93 (1.47, 2.54)) scores. Similar underestimation was noted for other risk factors. CONCLUSION The effects of risk factors on PD measured using CPI and LA in a large population-based survey were underestimated without correcting for measurement errors.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-W Su
- Big Data Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Am-F Yen
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Oral Health Care Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - H Lai
- Department of Dentistry, Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Taiwan Dental Health Care Organization, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y Lee
- Institute of Epidemiology and Prevention Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - H-H Chen
- Institute of Epidemiology and Prevention Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sl-S Chen
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Oral Health Care Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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15
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Hsieh VCR, Liu CC, Hsiao YC, Wu TN. Risk of Allergic Rhinitis, Allergic Conjunctivitis, and Eczema in Children Born to Mothers with Gum Inflammation during Pregnancy. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156185. [PMID: 27224053 PMCID: PMC4880316 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Despite links between maternal and child health status, evidence on the association between gum infection in pregnant mothers and childhood allergies is scarce. We aim to evaluate the risk of developing allergy in children born to periodontal mothers in a nationwide study. Methods We conducted a 9-year population-based, retrospective cohort study using Taiwan’s National Health Insurance database. A study cohort of 42,217 newborns born to mothers with periodontal disease during pregnancy was identified in 2001 and matched with 42,334 babies born to mothers without any infection (control) by mother’s age at delivery and baby sex. With a follow-up period from 2001 to 2010, we observed the incidence of allergic rhinitis (AR), allergic conjunctivitis (AC), and eczema in these children. Cox proportional hazards regression models were performed with premature deaths as competing risk for the estimation of allergic disease risks. Results Nine-year cumulative incidences were the highest among children born to periodontal mothers; they reached 46.8%, 24.2%, and 40.4% (vs. 39.5%, 18.3% and 34.8% in control) for AR, AC, and eczema, respectively. Our results showed moderately increased risks for the allergies in children born to periodontal mothers relative to their matched non-inflammatory control (adjusted HRs: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.15–1.20; 1.27, 1.24–1.31; 1.14, 1.12–1.17, respectively). Because the impact of food consumption and living environment cannot be considered using insurance data, we attempted to control it by adjusting for parental income and mother’s residential area. Conclusions Overall cumulative incidence and risks of children born to periodontal mothers for AR, AC, and eczema are significantly higher than those born to non-inflammatory mothers. Gum infection in women during pregnancy is an independent risk factor for allergic diseases in children, thus its intergenerational consequences should be considered in gestational care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Chia-Rong Hsieh
- Department of Health Services Administration, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chen Liu
- Department of Family Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Hsiao
- Center for General Education, Asia University, Wufeng, Taiwan
| | - Trong-Neng Wu
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Nursing, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Wufeng, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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16
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Lai H, Fann JCY, Yen AMF, Chen LS, Lai MH, Chiu SYH. Long-term effectiveness of school-based children oral hygiene program on oral health after 10-year follow-up. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2015; 44:209-15. [DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongmin Lai
- Department of Dentistry; Shuang-Ho Hospital; Taipei Medical University; New Taipei City Taiwan
- School of Dentistry; National Yang-Ming University; Taipei Taiwan
- School of Dentistry; College of Oral Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
- Taiwan Dental Health Care Organization; Taipei Taiwan
| | | | - Amy Ming-Fang Yen
- School of Dentistry; College of Oral Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Li-Sheng Chen
- School of Dentistry; College of Oral Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Min-Hua Lai
- Taiwan Dental Health Care Organization; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Sherry Yueh-Hsia Chiu
- Department of Health Care Management; College of Management; Chang Gung University; Tao-Yuan Taiwan
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17
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Huang KC, Lai CH, Huang CF, Lu HK. A comprehensive periodontal treatment project: The periodontal status, compliance rates, and risk factors. J Dent Sci 2015; 11:182-188. [PMID: 30894969 PMCID: PMC6395145 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose The comprehensive periodontal treatment project (CPTP) is being implemented in Taiwan since 2010. This retrospective study compared the periodontal status, compliance rates, and influence of risk factors for periodontal recurrence and tooth loss among groups of patients who accepted CPTP and conventional periodontal treatment (CPT). Materials and methods A total of 161 patients who received periodontal therapy were investigated and divided into compliant (n = 94) and noncompliant (n = 67) groups. Patients in the compliant group were further assigned to two subgroups: CPT with a postcard recall (PR) system (CPT + PR, n = 48) and CPTP with a PR system (CPTP + PR, n = 46). Demographic characteristics and periodontal parameters, including the probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BOP), and plaque control record (PCR), were collected for comparison between the subgroups. The risk factors for periodontal recurrence and tooth loss were statistically analyzed. Results The 161 patients were followed-up for a mean of 3.8 years. The patients in the CPTP + PR subgroup exhibited shallower PPD, less BOP, improved PCR, and fewer tooth loss. Age, smoking, PPD ≥7 mm, and PCR ≥30% were associated with periodontal recurrence, whereas age, diabetes, BOP ≥30%, and duration of the follow-up period were correlated with tooth loss. PR apparently increased the compliance rate of patients (27.3% vs. 77.7%). Conclusion CPTP with PR led to an optimal and stable periodontal status in patients. Compliant patients maintained a significantly improved periodontal status as compared with noncompliant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chao-Han Lai
- Periodontal Department, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Periodontal Clinic, Dental Department, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Fang Huang
- Periodontal Department, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Periodontal Clinic, Dental Department, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsein-Kun Lu
- Periodontal Department, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Periodontal Clinic, Dental Department, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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18
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A population-based study on the association between the intake of soft drinks and periodontal disease in Taiwanese adults aged 35-44 years (KCIS no. 33). Public Health Nutr 2015; 19:1471-8. [PMID: 26349995 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980015002608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To elucidate the association between the intake of soft drinks and periodontal disease (PD) among Taiwanese middle-aged adults. DESIGN The cross-sectional design was employed to assess a dose-response relationship between the intake of soft drinks and PD after controlling for relevant confounding factors, with adjusted odds ratios obtained from a multivariate logistic regression model. SETTING Keelung Community-based Integrated Screening (KCIS) programme, Keelung, Taiwan. SUBJECTS Participants (n 10 213) aged 35-44 years who had undergone oral checks for PD between 2005 and 2009. RESULTS A dose-response relationship between the intake of soft drinks and elevated risk for PD defined by community periodontal index ≥3 (the current status of PD) was noted (P=0·02 by trend test). Compared with infrequent intake of soft drinks (≤2 times/week), the adjusted OR increased from 1·05 (95 % CI 0·92, 1·20) for the frequency of 3-4 times/week to 1·17 (95 % CI 1·03, 1·34) for the frequency of ≥5 times/week. A similar trend (P<0·01) was also observed for PD defined by loss of attachment ≥1 (representing the long-term cumulative gum damage due to PD). CONCLUSIONS A dose-response relationship between the intake frequency of soft drinks and PD was observed in Taiwanese middle-aged adults. Such evidence could be used in health promotion to support reductions in soft drink intake.
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19
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Lee JH, Lee JS, Park JY, Choi JK, Kim DW, Kim YT, Choi SH. Association of Lifestyle-Related Comorbidities With Periodontitis: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Korea. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e1567. [PMID: 26376407 PMCID: PMC4635821 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000001567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the association of periodontitis with lifestyle-related comorbidities (LCs) using data in the Korean National Health Insurance Cohort Database from 2002 to 2013. This was a retrospective study involving a large national cohort with patient samples (representing 2% of the total Korean population) stratified on the basis of sociodemographic information. Using this precisely extracted database, the correlations between LCs (cerebral infarction, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, erectile dysfunction, osteoporosis, and obesity) and periodontitis were investigated while adjusting for confounding bias. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate differences in variable factors. Among a total of 1,025,340 samples, 321,103 (31.3%) cases were diagnosed with periodontitis. Statistically significant associations were found between all LCs except myocardial infarction and periodontitis (P < 0.005). Periodontitis is significantly and positively correlated with LCs (except for myocardial infarction) after adjusting for confounding bias. In particular, lifestyle-related diseases, erectile dysfunction, and osteoporosis seem to be intimately related to periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hong Lee
- From the Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul (J-HL, J-SL, J-YP, S-HC); Department of Health Insurance Research (J-KC); Department of Policy Research Affairs (D-WK); and Department of Periodontology, Ilsan Hospital, National Health Insurance Service, Goyang, Korea (Y-TK)
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20
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Lai H, Su CW, Yen AMF, Chiu SYH, Fann JCY, Wu WYY, Chuang SL, Liu HC, Chen HH, Chen LS. A prediction model for periodontal disease: modelling and validation from a National Survey of 4061 Taiwanese adults. J Clin Periodontol 2015; 42:413-21. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongmin Lai
- QC Dental Clinic; Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry; National Yang-Ming University; Taipei Taiwan
- School of Dentistry; College of Oral Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Wen Su
- Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine; College of Public Health; National Taiwan University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Amy Ming-Fang Yen
- School of Oral Hygiene; College of Oral Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
- Oral Health Care Research Center; College of Oral Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Sherry Yueh-Hsia Chiu
- Department and Graduate Institute of Health Care Management; College of Management; Chang Gung University; Tao-Yuan Taiwan
| | | | - Wendy Yi-Ying Wu
- Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine; College of Public Health; National Taiwan University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Shu-Lin Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine; College of Public Health; National Taiwan University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Chih Liu
- School of Oral Hygiene; College of Oral Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Hsi Chen
- Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine; College of Public Health; National Taiwan University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Li-Sheng Chen
- School of Oral Hygiene; College of Oral Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
- Oral Health Care Research Center; College of Oral Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
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21
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Chiu SYH, Lai H, Yen AMF, Fann JCY, Chen LS, Chen HH. Temporal sequence of the bidirectional relationship between hyperglycemia and periodontal disease: a community-based study of 5,885 Taiwanese aged 35-44 years (KCIS No. 32). Acta Diabetol 2015; 52:123-31. [PMID: 24990094 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-014-0612-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between hyperglycemia (including diabetes) and periodontal disease (PD) has been noted previously, but its temporal sequence in the same study based on a population-based study has been barely addressed. Our study sought to clarify temporal bidirectional relationships between both diseases among Taiwanese aged 35-44 years. A prospective follow-up cohort study was designed by following over time the two normal cohorts (PD-free or hyperglycemia-free) derived from 5,885 subjects aged 35-44 years who were periodically attending a screening program. We ascertained both incident cases of PD (defined by Community Periodontal Index score ≧ 3) and hyperglycemia [fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≧100 mg/dL] or type 2 diabetes (FPG ≧ 126 mg/dL) with 5-year follow-up. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to assess the effect of PD on hyperglycemia and vice versa with adjustment for other confounding factors. Participants with PD presented a 33 % increase in their risk of incident hyperglycemia (including diabetes) [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.33 (95 % CI 1.09-1.63)] after controlling for potential confounding factors. Conversely, prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus led to a significant elevated risk for PD [aHR = 1.25 (95 % CI 1.00-1.57) and aHR = 1.95 (95 % CI 1.22-3.13)] after adjustment for other confounding factors. In conclusion, a significant bidirectional relationships was found between hyperglycemia and PD, suggesting that both diseases may share common latent traits and pathways that are worthy of being further elucidated by continuing a long-term follow-up of this cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherry Yueh-Hsia Chiu
- Department of Health Care Management, College of Management, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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22
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Yang TH, Masumi SI, Weng SP, Chen HW, Chuang HC, Chuang KJ. Personal exposure to particulate matter and inflammation among patients with periodontal disease. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 502:585-9. [PMID: 25302445 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.09.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The association between particulate air pollution and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) has been well documented in epidemiological studies. Periodontitis has been linked to elevated hs-CRP levels in recent studies. It is still unknown whether patients with periodontal infections are more susceptible to particulate air pollution. The aim of this study was to investigate whether particles with aerodynamic diameters of less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) had greater effects on increasing hs-CRP among patients with periodontal infections compared to periodontally healthy individuals. We conducted a cross-sectional study on two panels of adult subjects, 100 adult patients with chronic periodontitis and 100 periodontally healthy adults, in order to evaluate the association between particulate matter (PM) and hs-CRP. We collected blood samples from each subject, measured hs-CRP and monitored average exposure to PM2.5 over 24h four times during 2010 to 2012. We used mixed-effects models to estimate the association between PM2.5 and hs-CRP and adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors. We found that a 10 μg/m(3) increase in PM2.5 was associated with a 3.22% (95% confidence interval, CI: 1.21, 5.23; p<0.01) increase in hs-CRP among all adult subjects. The effect of PM2.5 in patients was significantly higher than the effect in healthy participants. In the healthy adult panel, a 10 μg/m(3) increase in PM2.5 was associated with a 1.17% (95% CI: 0.54, 1.80; p<0.01) increase in hs-CRP. For adults in the patient group, a 10 μg/m(3) increase in PM2.5 was associated with a 9.62% (95% CI: 7.05, 12.19; p<0.01) increase in hs-CRP. We concluded that personal exposure to PM2.5 was associated with increases in hs-CRP among adult subjects. The presence of periodontal disease led to a considerably increased effect magnitude by more than eight fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Han Yang
- Division of Occlusion & Maxillofacial Reconstruction, Kyushu Dental University, Kyushu, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Masumi
- Division of Occlusion & Maxillofacial Reconstruction, Kyushu Dental University, Kyushu, Japan
| | | | - Hua-Wei Chen
- Department of Cosmetic Application and Management, St. Mary's Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Yilan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Chi Chuang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Jen Chuang
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Public Health, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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23
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Abstract
AIM The aim of our study was to evaluate the relationship between routine treatment of periodontal disease (PD) and the subsequent risks for cancers in Taiwan. METHODS Study participants were selected from the Taiwan National Health Insurance (NHI) system database. The PD with a routine treatment cohort contained 38 902 patients. For each treatment cohort participant, two age- and sex-matched comparison (control) cohort participants were randomly selected. Cox's proportional hazards regression analysis was used to estimate the effects of PD with treatment on the subsequent risk of cancer. RESULTS The overall risk of developing cancer was significantly lower in the treatment cohort than in the patients without treatment (adjusted Hazard ratio = 0.72, 95% confidence interval = 0.68-0.76). The risks of developing most gastrointestinal tract, lung, gynecological and brain malignancies were significantly lower in the treatment cohort than in the comparison cohort. In contrast, the risks of prostate and thyroid cancers were significantly higher in the treatment cohort than in the comparison cohort. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that PD with treatment is associated with a significantly reduced overall risk of cancer and reduced risks of certain types of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ing-Ming Hwang
- From the Department of Medical Imaging and Radiology, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Management Office for Health Data; China Medical University Hospital, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Taichung Branch, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, China Medical University Hospital and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine Science and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Min Sun
- From the Department of Medical Imaging and Radiology, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Management Office for Health Data; China Medical University Hospital, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Taichung Branch, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, China Medical University Hospital and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine Science and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Li Lin
- From the Department of Medical Imaging and Radiology, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Management Office for Health Data; China Medical University Hospital, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Taichung Branch, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, China Medical University Hospital and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine Science and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Feng Lee
- From the Department of Medical Imaging and Radiology, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Management Office for Health Data; China Medical University Hospital, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Taichung Branch, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, China Medical University Hospital and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine Science and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Kao
- From the Department of Medical Imaging and Radiology, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Management Office for Health Data; China Medical University Hospital, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Taichung Branch, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, China Medical University Hospital and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine Science and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan From the Department of Medical Imaging and Radiology, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Management Office for Health Data; China Medical University Hospital, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Taichung Branch, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, China Medical University Hospital and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine Science and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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24
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Yen AMF, Lai H, Fann JCY, Chiu SYH, Chen SLS. Relationship between Community Periodontal Index and Fecal Hemoglobin Concentration, an Indicator for Colorectal Neoplasm. J Dent Res 2014; 93:760-6. [PMID: 24938273 DOI: 10.1177/0022034514539976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease and colorectal cancer have inflammatory processes in common. It is therefore worthwhile to investigate whether there is an association between periodontal probing depth and fecal hemoglobin concentration (FHbC), an indicator of colorectal neoplasms, in 40- to 44-year-old Taiwanese. We enrolled a total of 6,214 attendees aged 40 to 44 yr who were participating in a community-based integrated screening program and who received both periodontal and FHbC examinations between 2003 and 2008. A proportional odds logistic regression model was used to estimate the odds ratios of different FHbC levels in treating an increased level of community periodontal index (CPI) measuring periodontal probing depth as ordinary data from 0 to 4. Periodontal probing depth with the order of CPI was in parallel with an increase in the mean values of FHbC: 21.3 ± 156.3, 26.0 ± 167.7, 27.2 ± 151.1, and 39.5 ± 255.7 ng/mL for CPI 0, CPI 1, CPI 2, and CPI 3/4, respectively. The log-FHbC varied across the categories of CPI (p = .0078). After adjusting for age, sex, education level, smoking, alcohol intake, exercise, body mass index, and intake of meat and vegetables, subjects with positive fecal immunochemical test results (FHbC ≥ 100 ng/mL) had a 33% higher risk of deteriorating to severe CPI than did those within the normal range of fecal immunochemical test (FHbC < 100 ng/mL) (adjusted odds ratio = 1.33, 95% confidence interval: 1.03-1.73). A positive association was demonstrated between FHbC and periodontal probing depth assessed by CPI among 6,214 Taiwanese aged 40 to 44 yr who participated in a community-based integrated health screening program. These results could have significant implications for early identification of high-risk individuals, as those with deep periodontal pockets should be advised to undergo screening for colorectal cancer at a younger age than commonly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M-F Yen
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - H Lai
- QC Dental Clinic, Taipei, Taiwan Department of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - J C-Y Fann
- Department of Health Industry Management, School of Health Care Management, Kainan University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - S Y-H Chiu
- Department and Graduate Institute of Health Care Management, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - S L-S Chen
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Lin SY, Lin CL, Liu JH, Wang IK, Hsu WH, Chen CJ, Ting IW, Wu IT, Sung FC, Huang CC, Chang YJ. Association Between Periodontitis Needing Surgical Treatment and Subsequent Diabetes Risk: A Population-Based Cohort Study. J Periodontol 2014; 85:779-86. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2013.130357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Lee CF, Lin MC, Lin CL, Yen CM, Lin KY, Chang YJ, Kao CH. Non-Apnea Sleep Disorder Increases the Risk of Periodontal Disease: A Retrospective Population-Based Cohort Study. J Periodontol 2014; 85:e65-71. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2013.130284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Wen BW, Tsai CS, Lin CL, Chang YJ, Lee CF, Hsu CH, Kao CH. Cancer risk among gingivitis and periodontitis patients: a nationwide cohort study. QJM 2014; 107:283-90. [PMID: 24336850 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hct248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Periodontal disease encompasses gingivitis and periodontitis, which exerts systemic effects. We conducted a population-based study to evaluate the association between periodontal disease and the risk of cancer. METHODS We used insurance claims data from 1997 to 2010, accessing a database of 1 million randomly selected insurants in Taiwan. All patients were older than 20 and newly diagnosed with periodontitis between 1 January 1997 and 31 December 2010. The comparison cohort comprised patients older than 20, who were newly diagnosed with gingivitis in the same period. Both cohorts were followed until a cancer diagnosis, lost to follow-up, death, termination of insurance, or the end of 2010. RESULTS The incidence rate of cancer was 1.14 times higher in the study cohort than in the comparison cohort [confidence interval (CI) = 1.11-1.17]. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) was 1.05 (95% CI = 1.00-1.11). A multivariable analysis showed that the periodontitis patients exhibited an elevated risk of developing oral cancer (adjusted HR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.42-2.25). CONCLUSION The findings indicated that patients in the periodontitis cohort exhibited a higher risk of developing oral cancer than those in the gingivitis cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- B-W Wen
- M.D., Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine Science and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, No. 2, Yuh-Der Road, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
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Chang WP, Chang WC, Wu MS, Pai JT, Guo YC, Chen KC, Liu ME, Chiu WT, Hung KS. Population-Based 5-Year Follow-Up Study in Taiwan of Osteoporosis and Risk of Periodontitis. J Periodontol 2014; 85:e24-30. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2013.130256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Lee CF, Lin CL, Lin MC, Lin SY, Sung FC, Kao CH. Surgical Treatment for Patients With Periodontal Disease Reduces Risk of End-Stage Renal Disease: A Nationwide Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study. J Periodontol 2014; 85:50-6. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2013.130015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Boillot A, El Halabi B, Batty GD, Rangé H, Czernichow S, Bouchard P. Education as a predictor of chronic periodontitis: a systematic review with meta-analysis population-based studies. PLoS One 2011; 6:e21508. [PMID: 21814546 PMCID: PMC3140980 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0021508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2011] [Accepted: 06/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of socioeconomic inequalities on health is well-documented. Despite the links of periodontal disease with cardiovascular diseases, adverse pregnancy outcomes and diabetes, no meta-analysis of socioeconomic variations in periodontal disease exists. This meta-analytic review was conducted to determine the extent to which education attainment influences risk of periodontitis in adults aged 35+ years in the general population. METHODS The authors searched studies published until November 2010 using EMBASE and MEDLINE databases. References listed were then scrutinised, our own files were checked, and, finally, we contacted experts in the field. The authors included only general population-based studies conducted in adults aged 35 years and more. All articles were blind reviewed by two investigators. In the case of disagreement, a third investigator arbitrated. Using PRISMA statement, two reviewers independently extracted papers of interest. RESULTS Relative to the higher education group, people with low education attainment experience a greater risk of periodontitis (OR: 1.86 [1.66-2.10]; p<0.00001). The association was partially attenuated after adjustment for covariates (OR: 1.55 [1.30-1.86]; p<0.00001). Sensitivity analyses showed that methods used to assess periodontitis, definition of cases, study country and categorization of education are largely responsible for the heterogeneity between studies. No significant bias of publication was shown using both the Egger (p = 0.16) and rank correlation tests (p = 0.35). CONCLUSIONS In the studies reviewed, low educational attainment was associated with an increased risk of periodontitis. Although this evidence should be cautiously interpreted due to methodological problems in selected studies, efforts to eliminate educational inequalities in periodontitis should focus on early life interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Boillot
- Department of Periodontology, Service of Odontology, Rothschild Hospital, AP-HP, Paris 7 - Denis Diderot University, U.F.R. of Odontology, Paris, France
| | - Bechara El Halabi
- Department of Periodontology, Service of Odontology, Rothschild Hospital, AP-HP, Paris 7 - Denis Diderot University, U.F.R. of Odontology, Paris, France
| | - George David Batty
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hélène Rangé
- Department of Periodontology, Service of Odontology, Rothschild Hospital, AP-HP, Paris 7 - Denis Diderot University, U.F.R. of Odontology, Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Czernichow
- Department of Nutrition, Ambroise Paré Hospital, University Versailles St-Quentin, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
- INSERM, U1018, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France
| | - Philippe Bouchard
- Department of Periodontology, Service of Odontology, Rothschild Hospital, AP-HP, Paris 7 - Denis Diderot University, U.F.R. of Odontology, Paris, France
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Auyeung L, Wang PW, Lin RT, Hsieh CJ, Lee PY, Zhuang RY, Chang HW. Evaluation of periodontal status and effectiveness of non-surgical treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Taiwan for a 1-year period. J Periodontol 2011; 83:621-8. [PMID: 21692625 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2011.110133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The periodontal status and effects of non-surgical periodontal treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease are assessed. METHODS One-hundred patients with type 2 diabetes (mean ± SD hemoglobin (Hb)A1c level: 7.3% ± 0.94%) and periodontal disease were recruited for this study. The group with moderate-to-severe periodontal disease included patients with >1 tooth with a probing depth (PD) ≥5 mm and >2 teeth with a clinical attachment loss (AL) ≥ 6mm, and the group with mild periodontal disease included patients with <1 affected tooth, and >2 affected with a clinical AL ≥ 6mm. Patients (28 patients in the mild group and 72 patients in the moderate-to-severe group) underwent non-surgical periodontal treatments. We analyzed differences in serum concentrations of metabolic parameters (glycated hemoglobin and low-density lipoprotein), inflammatory parameters (interleukin [IL]-1β and C-reactive protein [CRP]), and periodontal parameters between the two groups before treatment and at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months post-therapy. RESULTS Seventy-five patients with diabetes (21 patients in the mild group and 54 patients in the moderate-to-severe group) completed the study. Significant differences in the plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), PD, and clinical AL at examination times were observed in the whole cohort (P <0.05). We observed significant differences in the PI, GI, and PD in the moderate-to-severe group (P <0.05), whereas there was only a significant difference in PD in the mild group (P <0.05) between baseline and 12 months post-treatment. Both groups experienced improved glycemic control, but the difference was insignificant. CRP and IL-1β levels were significantly different at examination times for the whole cohort (P <0.05). No significant positive association among metabolic and inflammatory parameters at 12 months post-therapy were found. CONCLUSION Non-surgical periodontal treatment improved and maintained the periodontal health of patients with well-controlled diabetes, but no significant reduction of metabolic parameters was observed over a 1-year period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Auyeung
- Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Yen AMF, Chen SLS, Chiu SYH, Chen HH. Association between metabolic syndrome and oral pre-malignancy: a community- and population-based study (KCIS No. 28). Oral Oncol 2011; 47:625-30. [PMID: 21592847 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2011.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2011] [Revised: 04/14/2011] [Accepted: 04/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
To elucidate the effect of metabolic syndrome (MetS) on oral pre-malignancy (OPM) and also to examine whether the effect is independent of areca nut chewing. We enrolled a total of 79,940 subjects aged 20 years or older undergoing both oral mucous examination and health check-up for MetS within the Keelung Community-based Integrated Screening program between 2003 and 2008. We identified 368 leukoplakia, 72 erythroleukoplakia, and 69 oral submucous fibrosis. The multi-variable logistic regression was used to assess the association between MetS and OPM with adjustment of age, gender, areca nut chewing, smoking, and alcohol drinking. Subjects with MetS were at increased risk for OPM (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=1.68, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.39-2.04) compared with those without MetS after taking all explanatory factors into account. Among the five components of MetS, subjects with hypertriglyceride (aOR=1.43, 95% CI: 1.17-1.75) and hyperglycemia (aOR=1.30, 95% CI: 1.02-1.67) had higher risk of presenting OPM compared with those within normal ranges. The association between MetS and OPM still persisted even in non-chewers (aOR=1.85, 95% CI: 1.42-2.40) while other risk factors were controlled. We demonstrate a positive association between MetS and OPM, which is independent of areca nut chewing and other confounding factors. This finding provides an insight into a new direction of preventing OPM in contrast to conventional viewpoint focusing on the most important factor of area nut chewing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Ming-Fang Yen
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Yeh HC, Lai H. Association between patients' chief complaints and their compliance with periodontal therapy. J Clin Periodontol 2011; 38:449-56. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2011.01711.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Ide R, Hoshuyama T, Wilson D, Takahashi K, Higashi T. Periodontal disease and incident diabetes: a seven-year study. J Dent Res 2010; 90:41-6. [PMID: 21041549 DOI: 10.1177/0022034510381902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is associated with a high prevalence of periodontal disease, but little is known about the effects of periodontal disease on incident diabetes. In total, 5848 non-diabetic individuals aged 30-59 yrs who completed a health examination were analyzed in this study. They were divided into three categories: no pathological pockets, moderate periodontitis, or severe periodontitis. Incident diabetes was defined as newly diagnosed cases with fasting plasma glucose > 125 mg/dL. Cox proportional hazards models estimated the effect of periodontitis on incident diabetes during a seven-year follow-up period. Moderate and severe periodontitis was significantly associated with an increased risk of diabetes in unadjusted analyses, but the magnitude of the association decreased after full adjustment [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.00, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 0.77-1.30 and HR = 1.28, 95% CI = 0.89-1.86, respectively]. Our findings do not indicate an apparent association between periodontitis and incident diabetes, although there was a tendency for increased risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ide
- Department of Work Systems and Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan.
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Wang TT, Chen THH, Wang PE, Lai H, Lo MT, Chen PYC, Chiu SYH. A population-based study on the association between type 2 diabetes and periodontal disease in 12,123 middle-aged Taiwanese (KCIS No. 21). J Clin Periodontol 2009; 36:372-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2009.01386.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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