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Dahlmann F, Sewald K. Use of nonhuman primates in obstructive lung disease research - is it required? Primate Biol 2017; 4:131-142. [PMID: 32110701 PMCID: PMC7041527 DOI: 10.5194/pb-4-131-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In times of increasing costs for health insurances, obstructive lung
diseases are a burden for both the patients and the economy. Pulmonary symptoms
of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are similar;
nevertheless, the diseases differ in pathophysiology and therapeutic
approaches. Novel therapeutics are continuously developed, and nonhuman
primates (NHPs) provide valuable models for investigating novel biologicals
regarding efficacy and safety. This review discusses the role of nonhuman primate models for drug
development in asthma and COPD and investigates whether alternative methods
are able to prevent animal experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Dahlmann
- German Primate Center GmbH, Infection Pathology Unit, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Preclinical Pharmacology and Immunology, Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Nikolai-Fuchs-Straße 1, 30625 Hanover, Germany
| | - Katherina Sewald
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Preclinical Pharmacology and Immunology, Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Nikolai-Fuchs-Straße 1, 30625 Hanover, Germany
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IgE reactivity to a Cry j 3, an allergen of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollen in dogs with canine atopic dermatitis. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2012; 149:132-5. [PMID: 22749702 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2012.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Revised: 05/24/2012] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated IgE reactivity to a new Cryptomeria japonica pollen allergen (Cry j 3) in dogs with atopic dermatitis by using a fluorometric ELISA. Serum samples from 15 dogs that showed IgE sensitivity to crude C. japonica pollen allergen by ELISA were tested for specific IgE to each allergen, individually. All 15 dogs had anti-Cry j 1 IgE, 6 (40%) had anti-Cry j 2 IgE, and 11 (73%) had anti-Cry j 3 IgE. Further, we found that these anti-Cry j 3 IgE reacted to Cry j 3 with immunoblotting analysis. These findings indicate that Cry j 3 may be a major allergen in dogs.
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Tamura Y, Kawaguchi J, Serizawa N, Hirahara K, Shiraishi A, Nigi H, Taniguchi Y, Toda M, Inouye S, Takemori T, Sakaguchi M. Analysis of sequential immunoglobulin E-binding epitope of Japanese cedar pollen allergen (Cry j 2) in humans, monkeys and mice. Clin Exp Allergy 2003; 33:211-7. [PMID: 12580914 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2222.2003.01579.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica; CJ) pollinosis has been reported to occur naturally in Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata) as well as in humans. Most human patients and monkeys with pollinosis have specific IgE for Cry j 2, a major allergen of CJ pollen. OBJECTIVE The main purpose of this study was to identify IgE B cell epitopes of Cry j 2 using a synthetic peptide in humans, monkeys and mice. METHODS We synthesized 38 overlapping peptides that span the entire length of Cry j 2. We examined the B cell epitopes of Cry j 2 that are recognized by IgE in the sera of human patients and monkeys with pollinosis and immunized mice using synthetic peptides of Cry j 2. We also examined the reaction of Cry j 2-specific mouse monoclonal IgG antibodies to the peptides. Furthermore, we conducted a histamine release assay with leucocytes from a pollinosis patient using human serum albumin (HSA) conjugated with the peptides as a B cell epitope. RESULTS We found that 16 of the 20 pollinosis patients who had specific IgE to Cry j 2 also exhibited IgE reaction with some Cry j 2 peptides. Of these 16 patients, 10 exhibited IgE reaction with Cry j 2 peptide no. 13 (121GQCKWVNGREICNDRDRPTA140). Five of the seven monkeys with CJ pollinosis exhibited a reaction with peptide no. 13. Furthermore, IgE in mice immunized with Cry j 2 and two mouse monoclonal IgG antibodies reacted with peptide no. 13. Peptide no. 13-conjugated HSA showed the release of histamine from basophils. Furthermore, to determine the minimum epitope in peptide no. 13, we conducted an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay inhibition test. The core of the epitope in humans, monkeys and mice was 124KWVNGREI131. CONCLUSION We found that 124KWVNGREI131 is an important B cell epitope recognized by IgE in humans, monkeys and mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Tamura
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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4
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Sakaguchi M, Masuda K, Toda M, Inouye S, Yasueda H, Taniguchi Y, Nagoya T, DeBoer DJ, Tsujimoto H. Analysis of the canine IgE-binding epitope on the major allergen (Cry j 1) of Japanese cedar pollen with anti-Cry j 1 monoclonal antibodies. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2001; 78:35-43. [PMID: 11182146 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-2427(00)00250-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In our previous study [Immunology 91 (1997) 161] using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific to Cry j 1, a major allergen in Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollen, we identified five independent epitopes (EP-1-EP-5) on the molecule and found that EP-1 and EP-5 are the predominant allergic epitopes for humans and monkeys, respectively. In this study, we analyzed the epitopes recognized by IgE in the sera of 10 dogs sensitive to C. japonica pollen allergen using an IgE-ELISA inhibition method with these mAbs. The IgE reaction patterns varied among dogs. In eight of the 10 dogs, IgE recognized EP-5 which is a predominant allergic epitope for monkeys with the pollenosis. In four dogs, IgE recognized EP-1 which is a predominant allergic epitope for human patients with the pollenosis. In three dogs, IgE recognized EP-4 which is a heat-stable epitope. EP-5 is a predominant allergic epitope for dogs and some, but not all, dogs have IgE reaction patterns to the epitopes similar to those of humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sakaguchi
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
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Park S, Ohya F, Yamashita K, Nishifuji K, Iwasaki T. Comparison of response to immunotherapy by intradermal skin test and antigen-specific IgE in canine atopy. J Vet Med Sci 2000; 62:983-8. [PMID: 11039595 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.62.983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The intradermal skin test (IDST) and serologic allergy test (SAT) has been developed for confirming a diagnosis of canine atopy and determining allergens for immunotherapy. To determine the prevalence of causative allergens for canine atopic dermatitis in Japan, IDST and SAT were performed with the CMG Immunodot strips on 95 atopic dogs using 9 allergens. In addition, we compared agreement rate, sensitivity and specificity between them (using IDST as the standard). The allergen most commonly positive in both tests was house dust mites (IDST: 69.5%, SAT: 48.4%). Moreover, Japanese cedar, mugwort and grass mix were detected as attendant causative allergens. Agreement rates between the two tests ranged from 67.4% to 96.8%; the overall mean agreement rate were 81%. SAT was shown to have sensitivity to IDST ranging from 16.7 to 68.2%. The specificities were very high for all allergens, on the order of 94.9-100% (median=98.7%). Finally, the efficacy of immunotherapy was evaluated on 27 atopic dogs based on IDST (15 dogs) and SAT (12 dogs) results. Overall, 60% (9/15) of the IDST group and 66.8% (8/12) of the SAT group experienced a 50% to 100% reduction in their symptomatology. No significant differences were found in response to immunotherapy during the follow-up period between allergen selection methods. These results indicate the value of serologic tests as an aid to identifying an allergen solution for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Park
- Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Gifu University, Japan
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Masuda K, Tsujimoto H, Fujiwara S, Kurata K, Hasegawa A, Taniguchi Y, Yamashita K, Yasueda H, DeBoer DJ, de Weck AL, Sakaguchi M. IgE-reactivity to major Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollen allergens (Cry j 1 and Cry j 2) by ELISA in dogs with atopic dermatitis. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2000; 74:263-70. [PMID: 10802293 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-2427(00)00173-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated IgE-reactivity to two major Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica, C. japonica) pollen allergens (Cry j 1 and Cry j 2) in dogs with atopic dermatitis by use of a fluorometric ELISA. The serum samples from 27 dogs that showed IgE-sensitivity to crude C. japonica pollen allergen by ELISA were tested for specific IgE to the two major allergens. All 27 dogs had anti-Cry j 1 IgE, and 10 (37%) had anti-Cry j 2 IgE. Inhibition of binding of dog specific IgE to crude C. japonica pollen allergen was carried out by addition of Cry j 1. When serum samples containing anti-Cry j 1 IgE but no anti-Cry j 2 IgE were incubated with Cry j 1, specific IgE binding to crude C. japonica pollen allergen was almost abolished. These findings suggest that Cry j 1 is a major allergen in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Masuda
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan
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Sakaguchi M, Kobayashi C, Inouye S, Konaka A, Yamada T, Nigi H. Sensitization to grass, ragweed, mugwort pollen allergens in Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata): preliminary report. Clin Exp Allergy 1999; 29:1692-5. [PMID: 10594546 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2222.1999.00677.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The natural occurrence of Japanese cedar (CJ, Cryptomeria japonica) pollinosis has been reported in Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata). Furthermore, most of these monkeys with CJ pollinosis have immunoglobulin (Ig) E sensitization to Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) pollen. However, specific IgE to other pollens has not yet been reported. OBJECTIVES The present study was designed to investigate IgE sensitization of Japanese monkeys to grass, ragweed, and mugwort pollen. METHODS Serum samples from 47 monkeys as a general population in one troop were collected at random. We measured specific IgE to grass, ragweed and mugwort pollen. Next, 10 monkeys with CJ pollinosis from the same troop were also examined for their IgE sensitization to grass, ragweed, and mugwort pollen. RESULTS Of 47 monkeys, 13 (28%) had specific IgE to CJ pollen, 15 (32%) to grass pollen, five (11%) to ragweed pollen, and three (6%) to mugwort pollen. Furthermore, CJ pollinosis monkeys seemed to be sensitized to these pollen allergens with higher frequency; of 10 monkeys, 10 (100%) had specific IgE to CJ pollen, six (60%) to grass pollen, four (40%) to ragweed pollen, and two (20%) to mugwort pollen. CONCLUSION Japanese monkeys had specific IgE to grass, ragweed, and mugwort pollen in addition to CJ pollen.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sakaguchi
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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Sakaguchi M, Kobayashi C, Inouye S, Saito S, Hirahara K, Shiraishi A, Konaka A, Yamada T, Nigi H. The incidence of Japanese cedar pollinosis and sensitization to the pollen allergens among Japanese monkeys in a troop. Immunology 1999; 97:522-5. [PMID: 10447776 PMCID: PMC2326854 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2567.1999.00785.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The natural occurrence of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica; CJ) pollinosis has been reported in Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata), an appropriate animal model for developing antipollinosis therapies. However, there has been no study on the incidence of Japanese cedar pollinosis in monkeys. To evaluate the incidence of CJ pollinosis in Japanese monkeys, we investigated the presence of pollinosis symptoms among monkeys in a troop, and the response to CJ allergens in pollinosis monkeys. We examined the presence of pollinosis symptoms in 272 monkeys in a troop throughout the CJ pollination season (February to April). Of the 272 monkeys, 21 (7.7%) showed pollinosis symptoms during the CJ pollen season. Blood samples were taken from the 21 monkeys that showed pollinosis symptoms and were tested for the presence of immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibody for CJ allergens. All 21 monkeys with CJ pollinosis had anti-CJ IgE. Of the 21 monkeys, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) could be taken from 12, all of which showed CJ allergen-specific PBMC proliferation. The incidence of CJ pollinosis in a troop was 7.7%. The monkeys with CJ pollinosis demonstrated specific IgE and PBMC proliferation for CJ allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sakaguchi
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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Sakaguchi M, Kobayashi C, Inouye S, Saito S, Hirahara K, Shiraishi A, Konaka A, Yamada T, Nigi H. The incidence of japanese cedar pollinosis and sensitization to the pollen allergens among Japanese monkeys in a troop. Immunology 1999; 97:348-51. [PMID: 10447752 PMCID: PMC2326834 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2567.1999.00792.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The natural occurrence of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica; CJ) pollinosis has been reported in Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata), an appropriate animal model for developing antipollinosis therapies. However, there has been no study on the incidence of Japanese cedar pollinosis in monkeys. To evaluate the incidence of CJ pollinosis in Japanese monkeys, we investigated the presence of pollinosis symptoms among monkeys in a troop, and the response to CJ allergens in pollinosis monkeys. We examined the presence of pollinosis symptoms in 272 monkeys in a troop throughout the CJ pollination season (February to April). Of the 272 monkeys, 21 (7.7%) showed pollinosis symptoms during the CJ pollen season. Blood samples were taken from the 21 monkeys that showed pollinosis symptoms and were tested for the presence of immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibody for CJ allergens. All 21 monkeys with CJ pollinosis had anti-CJ IgE. Of the 21 monkeys, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) could be taken from 12, all of which showed CJ allergen-specific PBMC proliferation. The incidence of CJ pollinosis in a troop was 7.7%. The monkeys with CJ pollinosis demonstrated specific IgE and PBMC proliferation for CJ allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sakaguchi
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Toyama, Tokyo, Japan
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Kobayashi C, Nigi H, Saito S, Ide T, Taniguchi Y, Inouye S, Sakaguchi M. IgE reactivity and cross-reactivity of Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata) to Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) and cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) pollen allergens. Clin Exp Allergy 1999; 29:856-61. [PMID: 10336604 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2222.1999.00581.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The natural occurrence of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica, CJ) pollinosis has been reported in Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata). However, the reactivity to Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa, CO) pollen allergens in these monkeys has not yet been reported. OBJECTIVES The present study was designed to investigate the reactivity to CO pollen allergens in monkeys sensitized to CJ pollen allergens. METHODS Serum samples from 40 monkeys naturally sensitized to CJ pollen allergens were collected from four troops. We measured the specific IgE to CO pollen allergens and examined the reactivity to the allergens by intradermal test. Cross-reactivity between CJ and CO pollen allergens was examined by ELISA inhibition method. Furthermore, we examined the sensitivity to the allergens by histamine release assay from leucocytes. RESULTS All 40 monkeys had specific IgE to crude and purified major allergens (Cha o 1) of CO pollen. The monkeys showed a positive reaction to CO pollen allergens in the intradermal test. Allergenic cross-reactivity between Cha o 1 and Cry j 1 (a major allergen in CJ pollen) was also observed. Specific histamine release to both the major allergens was noted in two monkeys with CJ pollinosis. CONCLUSION Japanese monkeys sensitized to Japanese cedar pollen allergens also demonstrate reactivity to Japanese cypress pollen allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Kobayashi
- Division of Wild Animal Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Animal Science University, Tokyo, Japan
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Kobayashi C, Hashimoto M, Nigi H, Fujimoto K, Inouye S, Sakaguchi M. Parasite infection and Japanese cedar pollinosis in monkeys. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 1999; 67:93-100. [PMID: 9950357 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-2427(98)00214-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the relationship between helminthic parasite infection and sensitization to Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica; CJ) pollen allergens in Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata), we examined the parasite infection, presence of anti-pollen allergen IgE and development of pollinosis. Serum samples and fecal specimens were taken from 169 monkeys in five troops, and the presence of IgE antibody for CJ pollen allergen and of helminthic parasite eggs in their feces was examined. Of the 169 monkeys, helminthic parasite eggs from 138 monkeys were detected. The frequency of anti-CJ IgE (19%) and the level of total IgE did not differ significantly between the monkeys with and without parasite eggs. We examined the presence of anti-CJ IgE and pollinosis symptoms in 31 monkeys of a troop; six of the monkeys demonstrated anti-CJ IgE and pollinosis symptoms. Five of these six monkeys had parasite eggs. We found that the monkeys that demonstrated anti-CJ IgE and pollinosis symptoms had helminthic parasite infections. These data suggest that helminthic parasite infection does not reduce the development of clinical signs of CJ pollinosis in Japanese monkeys.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Kobayashi
- Division of Wild Animal Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Animal Science University, Tokyo, Japan
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Sakaguchi M, Hashimoto M, Nigi H, Yasueda H, Takahashi Y, Watanabe M, Nagoya T, Taniguchi Y, Kurimoto M, Inouye S. Epitope specificity of IgE antibodies to a major allergen (Cry j 1) of Japanese cedar pollen in sera of humans and monkeys with pollinosis. Immunology 1997; 91:161-6. [PMID: 9227312 PMCID: PMC1363842 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2567.1997.00255.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollinosis has been reported to occur naturally in Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata) as well as humans. Using monoclonal antibodies (mAb) specific to Cry j 1, a major allergen in Japanese cedar pollen, we identified five independent epitopes (EP-1 to EP-5) on the molecule. The epitopes recognized by IgE antibodies in the sera of humans and monkeys with the pollinosis were analysed by an IgE enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay inhibition method with these mAb. In human patients, the mAb to EP-1 strongly blocked the binding of IgE antibodies in all patients' sera to Cry j 1. The reaction patterns of IgE antibodies in monkeys, however, varied among the troops of monkeys. In some troops, the mAb to EP-1 showed a blocking pattern similar to that for human patients. In other troops, mAb to EP-4 and EP-5 blocked binding of IgE. These results indicate that some, but not all, monkeys have antibody responses to the major allergen similar to those of humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sakaguchi
- Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Health, Tokyo, Japan
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Sakaguchi M, Nakano T, Tsujimoto H, Sasaki Y, DeBoer DJ, Inouye S. Specificity of an Enzyme-1 Inked Immunosorbent Assay for Dog Ige Antibody to Japanese Cedar (Cryptomeria Japonica) Pollen. Allergol Int 1997. [DOI: 10.2332/allergolint.46.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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