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Wang C, Feng G, Xu X, Huang L, Nie G, Li D, Zhang X. Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization, and Expression of TCP Genes Family in Orchardgrass. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14040925. [PMID: 37107682 PMCID: PMC10138293 DOI: 10.3390/genes14040925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-specific TCP transcription factors regulate several plant growth and development processes. Nevertheless, little information is available about the TCP family in orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.). This study identified 22 DgTCP transcription factors in orchardgrass and determined their structure, phylogeny, and expression in different tissues and developmental stages. The phylogenetic tree classified the DgTCP gene family into two main subfamilies, including class I and II supported by the exon-intron structure and conserved motifs. The DgTCP promoter regions contained various cis-elements associated with hormones, growth and development, and stress responses, including MBS (drought inducibility), circadian (circadian rhythms), and TCA-element (salicylic acid responsiveness). Moreover, DgTCP9 possibly regulates tillering and flowering time. Additionally, several stress treatments upregulated DgTCP1, DgTCP2, DgTCP6, DgTCP12, and DgTCP17, indicting their potential effects regarding regulating responses to the respective stress. This research offers a valuable basis for further studies of the TCP gene family in other Gramineae and reveals new ideas for increasing gene utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Guangyan Feng
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaoheng Xu
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Linkai Huang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Gang Nie
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Dandan Li
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xinquan Zhang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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Advances in Research on the Regulation of Floral Development by CYC-like Genes. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:2035-2059. [PMID: 36975501 PMCID: PMC10047570 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45030131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CYCLOIDEA (CYC)-like genes belong to the TCP transcription factor family and play important roles associated with flower development. The CYC-like genes in the CYC1, CYC2, and CYC3 clades resulted from gene duplication events. The CYC2 clade includes the largest number of members that are crucial regulators of floral symmetry. To date, studies on CYC-like genes have mainly focused on plants with actinomorphic and zygomorphic flowers, including Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Scrophulariaceae, and Gesneriaceae species and the effects of CYC-like gene duplication events and diverse spatiotemporal expression patterns on flower development. The CYC-like genes generally affect petal morphological characteristics and stamen development, as well as stem and leaf growth, flower differentiation and development, and branching in most angiosperms. As the relevant research scope has expanded, studies have increasingly focused on the molecular mechanisms regulating CYC-like genes with different functions related to flower development and the phylogenetic relationships among these genes. We summarize the status of research on the CYC-like genes in angiosperms, such as the limited research conducted on CYC1 and CYC3 clade members, the necessity to functionally characterize the CYC-like genes in more plant groups, the need for investigation of the regulatory elements upstream of CYC-like genes, and exploration of the phylogenetic relationships and expression of CYC-like genes with new techniques and methods. This review provides theoretical guidance and ideas for future research on CYC-like genes.
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Yu Q, Ge L, Ahmad S, Luo D, Li X. A perspective on the molecular mechanism in the control of organ internal (IN) asymmetry during petal development. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac202. [PMID: 36349080 PMCID: PMC9634759 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Floral zygomorphy (monosymmetry) is a key innovation in flowering plants and is related to the coevolution of plants and their animal pollinators. The molecular basis underlying floral zygomorphy has been analysed, and two regulatory pathways have been identified: one determines the dorsoventral (DV) asymmetry along the floral plan, and the other controls organ internal (IN) asymmetry during petal development. While strides have been made to understand the molecular mechanism controlling DV asymmetry, which mainly involves an interplay between TCP and MYB transcription factors, the molecular pathway regulating IN asymmetry remains largely unknown. In this review, we discuss what is known about regulators and the molecular pathway regulating IN asymmetry. Our analysis revealed that the regulation of IN asymmetry occurs at the cellular, tissue, and organ genesis levels during petal development and that the regulatory mechanism is likely integrated into different developmental paths, such as floral and root nodule development. Although the molecular regulation of IN asymmetry is not be a linear path, a key hub for the regulatory network could be vascular patterning during petal organogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianxia Yu
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Liangfa Ge
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Sagheer Ahmad
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Da Luo
- Corresponding authors. E-mails: ;
| | - Xin Li
- Corresponding authors. E-mails: ;
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Liu DH, Luo Y, Han H, Liu YZ, Alam SM, Zhao HX, Li YT. Genome-wide analysis of citrus TCP transcription factors and their responses to abiotic stresses. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:325. [PMID: 35790897 PMCID: PMC9258177 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03709-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Citrus is one of the most important fruit crops in the world, and it is worthy to conduct more research on artificially controlling citrus plant growth and development to adapt to different cultivation patterns and environmental conditions. The plant-specific TEOSINTE BRANCHED1, CYCOLOIDEA, and PROLIFERATING CELL FACTORS (TCP) transcription factors are crucial regulators controlling plant growth and development, as well as responding to abiotic stresses. However, the information about citrus TCP transcription factors remains unclear. RESULTS In this study, twenty putative TCP genes (CsTCPs) with the TCP domain were explored from Citrus sinensis genome, of which eleven (CsTCP3, - 4, - 5, - 6, - 10, - 11, - 15, - 16, - 18, - 19, - 20), five (CsTCP1, - 2, - 7, - 9, - 13), and four genes (CsTCP8, - 12, - 14, - 17) were unevenly distributed on chromosomes and divided into three subclades. Cis-acting element analysis indicated that most CsTCPs contained many phytohormone- and environment-responsive elements in promoter regions. All of CsTCPs were predominantly expressed in vegetative tissues or organs (stem, leaf, thorn, and bud) instead of reproductive tissues or organs (flower, fruit, and seed). Combined with collinearity analysis, CsTCP3, CsTCP9, and CsTCP13 may take part in leaf development; CsTCP12 and CsTCP14 may function in shoot branching, leaf development, or thorn development; CsTCP15 may participate in the development of stem, leaf, or thorn. In mature leaf, transcript levels of two CsTCPs (CsTCP19, - 20) were significantly increased while transcript levels of eight CsTCPs (CsTCP2, - 5, - 6, - 7, - 8, - 9, - 10, - 13) were significantly decreased by shading; except for two CsTCPs (CsTCP11, - 19), CsTCPs' transcript levels were significantly influenced by low temperature; moreover, transcript levels of two CsTCPs (CsTCP11, - 12) were significantly increased while five CsTCPs' (CsTCP14, - 16, - 18, - 19, - 20) transcript levels were significantly reduced by drought. CONCLUSIONS This study provides significant clues for research on roles of CsTCPs in regulating citrus plant growth and development, as well as responding to abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education)/College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 P.R. China
| | - Yin Luo
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education)/College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 P.R. China
| | - Han Han
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education)/College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 P.R. China
| | - Yong-Zhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education)/College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 P.R. China
| | - Shariq Mahmood Alam
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education)/College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 P.R. China
| | - Hui-Xing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education)/College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 P.R. China
| | - Yan-Ting Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education)/College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 P.R. China
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Fang Y, Zheng Y, Lu W, Li J, Duan Y, Zhang S, Wang Y. Roles of miR319-regulated TCPs in plant development and response to abiotic stress. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cj.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Wessinger CA, Hileman LC. Parallelism in Flower Evolution and Development. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY EVOLUTION AND SYSTEMATICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-011720-124511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Flower evolution is characterized by widespread repetition, with adaptations to pollinator environment evolving in parallel. Recent studies have expanded our understanding of the developmental basis of adaptive floral novelties—petal fusion, bilateral symmetry, heterostyly, and floral dimensions. In this article, we describe patterns of trait evolution and review developmental genetic mechanisms underlying floral novelties. We discuss the diversity of mechanisms for parallel adaptation, the evidence for constraints on these mechanisms, and how constraints help explain observed macroevolutionary patterns. We describe parallel evolution resulting from similarities at multiple hierarchical levels—genetic, developmental, morphological, functional—which indicate general principles in floral evolution, including the central role of hormone signaling. An emerging pattern is mutational bias that may contribute to rapid patterns of parallel evolution, especially if the derived trait can result from simple degenerative mutations. We argue that such mutational bias may be less likely to govern the evolution of novelties patterned by complex developmental pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn A. Wessinger
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - Lena C. Hileman
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
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Pabón-Mora N, Madrigal Y, Alzate JF, Ambrose BA, Ferrándiz C, Wanke S, Neinhuis C, González F. Evolution of Class II TCP genes in perianth bearing Piperales and their contribution to the bilateral calyx in Aristolochia. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 228:752-769. [PMID: 32491205 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Controlled spatiotemporal cell division and expansion are responsible for floral bilateral symmetry. Genetic studies have pointed to class II TCP genes as major regulators of cell division and floral patterning in model core eudicots. Here we study their evolution in perianth-bearing Piperales and their expression in Aristolochia, a rare occurrence of bilateral perianth outside eudicots and monocots. The evolution of class II TCP genes reveals single-copy CYCLOIDEA-like genes and three paralogs of CINCINNATA (CIN) in early diverging angiosperms. All class II TCP genes have independently duplicated in Aristolochia subgenus Siphisia. Also CIN2 genes duplicated before the diversification of Saruma and Asarum. Sequence analysis shows that CIN1 and CIN3 share motifs with Cyclin proteins and CIN2 genes have lost the miRNA319a binding site. Expression analyses of all paralogs of class II TCP genes in Aristolochia fimbriata point to a role of CYC and CIN genes in maintaining differential perianth expansion during mid- and late flower developmental stages by promoting cell division in the distal and ventral portion of the limb. It is likely that class II TCP genes also contribute to cell division in the leaf, the gynoecium and the ovules in A. fimbriata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Pabón-Mora
- Instituto de Biología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, 050010, Colombia
- Technische Universität Dresden, Institut für Botanik, Dresden, 01062, Germany
| | - Yesenia Madrigal
- Instituto de Biología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, 050010, Colombia
| | - Juan F Alzate
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, 050010, Colombia
| | | | - Cristina Ferrándiz
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, 46022, Spain
| | - Stefan Wanke
- Technische Universität Dresden, Institut für Botanik, Dresden, 01062, Germany
| | - Christoph Neinhuis
- Technische Universität Dresden, Institut für Botanik, Dresden, 01062, Germany
| | - Favio González
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, 111321, Colombia
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Guo W, Zhang X, Peng Q, Luo D, Jiao K, Su S. Love on wings, a Dof family protein regulates floral vasculature in Vigna radiata. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:495. [PMID: 31726995 PMCID: PMC6854777 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-2099-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interaction among plants and their pollinators has been a major factor which enriched floral traits known as pollination syndromes and promoted the diversification of flowering plants. One of the bee-pollination syndromes in Faboideae with keel blossoms is the formation of a landing platform by wing and keel petals. However, the molecular mechanisms of elaborating a keel blossom remain unclear. RESULTS By performing large scale mutagenesis, we isolated and characterized a mutant in Vigna radiata, love on wings (low), which shows developmental defects in petal asymmetry and vasculature, leading to a failure in landing platform formation. We cloned the locus through map-based cloning together with RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis. We found that LOW encoded a nucleus-localized Dof-like protein and was expressed in the flower provascular and vascular tissues. A single copy of LOW was detected in legumes, in contrast with other taxa where there seems to be at least 2 copies. Thirty one Dof proteins have been identified from the V. radiata's genome, which can be further divided into four Major Cluster of Orthologous Groups (MCOGs). We also showed that ectopic expression of LOW in Arabidopsis driven by its native promoter caused changes in petal vasculature pattern. CONCLUSIONS To summarize, our study isolated a legume Dof-like factor LOW from V. radiata, which affects vasculature development in this species and this change can, in turn, impact petal development and overall morphology of keel blossom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuxiu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Haizhu district, Guangzhou, 510275 Guangdong China
| | - Xue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Haizhu district, Guangzhou, 510275 Guangdong China
| | - Qincheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Haizhu district, Guangzhou, 510275 Guangdong China
| | - Da Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Haizhu district, Guangzhou, 510275 Guangdong China
| | - Keyuan Jiao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 Guangdong China
| | - Shihao Su
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601 Japan
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Ojeda DI, Koenen E, Cervantes S, de la Estrella M, Banguera-Hinestroza E, Janssens SB, Migliore J, Demenou BB, Bruneau A, Forest F, Hardy OJ. Phylogenomic analyses reveal an exceptionally high number of evolutionary shifts in a florally diverse clade of African legumes. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2019; 137:156-167. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Abstract
The angiosperm flower develops through a modular programme which, although ancient and conserved, provides the flexibility that has allowed an almost infinite variety of floral forms to emerge. In this review, we explore the evolution of floral diversity, focusing on our recent understanding of the mechanistic basis of evolutionary change. We discuss the various ways in which flower size and floral organ size can be modified, the means by which flower shape and symmetry can change, and the ways in which floral organ position can be varied. We conclude that many challenges remain before we fully understand the ecological and molecular processes that facilitate the diversification of flower structure.
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Wang H, Wang H, Liu R, Xu Y, Lu Z, Zhou C. Genome-Wide Identification of TCP Family Transcription Factors in Medicago truncatula Reveals Significant Roles of miR319-Targeted TCPs in Nodule Development. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:774. [PMID: 29942322 PMCID: PMC6004737 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
TCP proteins, the plant-specific transcription factors, are involved in the regulation of multiple aspects of plant development among different species, such as leaf development, branching, and flower symmetry. However, thus far, the roles of TCPs in legume, especially in nodulation are still not clear. In this study, a genome-wide analysis of TCP genes was carried out to discover their evolution and function in Medicago truncatula. In total, 21 MtTCPs were identified and classified into class I and class II, and the class II MtTCPs were further divided into two subclasses, CIN and CYC/TB1. The expression profiles of MtTCPs are dramatically different. The universal expression of class I MtTCPs was detected in all organs. However, the MtTCPs in CIN subclass were highly expressed in leaf and most of the members in CYC/TB1 subclass were highly expressed in flower. Such organ-specific expression patterns of MtTCPs suggest their different roles in plant development. In addition, most MtTCPs were down-regulated during the nodule development, except for the putative MtmiR319 targets, MtTCP3, MtTCP4, and MtTCP10A. Overexpression of MtmiR319A significantly reduced the expression level of MtTCP3/4/10A/10B and resulted in the decreased nodule number, indicating the important roles of MtmiR319-targeted MtTCPs in nodulation. Taken together, this study systematically analyzes the MtTCP gene family at a genome-wide level and their possible functions in nodulation, which lay the basis for further explorations of MtmiR319/MtTCPs module in association with nodule development in M. truncatula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yiteng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhichao Lu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chuanen Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
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Feng ZJ, Xu SC, Liu N, Zhang GW, Hu QZ, Gong YM. Soybean TCP transcription factors: Evolution, classification, protein interaction and stress and hormone responsiveness. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 127:129-142. [PMID: 29579640 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
TEOSINTE-BRANCHED1/CYCLOIDEA/PCF (TCP) transcription factors, a family of plant-specific proteins, play crucial roles in plant growth and development and stress response. However, systematical information is unknown regarding the TCP gene family in soybean. In the present study, a total of 54 GmTCPs were identified in soybean, which were grouped into 11 groups with the typical TCP conserved domains. Phylogenetic relationship, protein motif and gene structure analyses distinguished the GmTCPs into two homology classes: Class I and Class II. Class II was then differentiated into two subclasses: CIN and CYC/TB1. Unique cis-element number and composition existed in the promoter regions which might be involved in the gene transcriptional regulation of different GmTCPs. Tissue expression analysis demonstrated the diverse spatiotemporal expression profiles of GmTCPs. Furthermore, the interaction protein of one previously functionally unknown TCP protein-GmTCP8 was investigated. Yeast two-hybrid assay showed the interaction between GmTCP8 and an abscisic acid receptor (GmPYL10). QRT-PCR assays indicated the distinct expression profiles of GmTCPs in response to abiotic stresses (heat, drought and salt) and stress-related signals (abscisic acid, brassinolide, salicylicacid and methyl jasmonate). These results will facilitate to uncover the possible roles of GmTCPs under abiotic stress and hormone signal responses in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Juan Feng
- Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
| | - Sheng-Chun Xu
- Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
| | - Na Liu
- Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
| | - Gu-Wen Zhang
- Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
| | - Qi-Zan Hu
- Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
| | - Ya-Ming Gong
- Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
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Su S, Xiao W, Guo W, Yao X, Xiao J, Ye Z, Wang N, Jiao K, Lei M, Peng Q, Hu X, Huang X, Luo D. The CYCLOIDEA-RADIALIS module regulates petal shape and pigmentation, leading to bilateral corolla symmetry in Torenia fournieri (Linderniaceae). THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2017; 215:1582-1593. [PMID: 28691160 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The diverse pigmentation patterns of flower corollas probably result from pollinator-mediated selection. Previous studies demonstrated that R2R3-MYB factors may have been recruited in the regulation of corolla pigmentation. However, how R2R3-MYBs became so diverse in their regulation of different pigmentation patterns remains unclear. Here, we studied a Lamiales species, Torenia fournieri, which has elaborate zygomorphic flowers with dorsal-ventral asymmetries in corolla pigmentation. We found recent gene duplication events in CYCLOIDEA-like (CYC-like) and RADIALIS-like (RAD-like) genes, and functionally analyzed three dorsal-specific expression factors: TfCYC1, TfCYC2, and TfRAD1. We found that the CYC-RAD module coordinates petal shape and corolla pigmentation, as ectopic expression of TfCYC2 or TfRAD1 disrupted the asymmetric corolla pigmentation pattern and produced strongly dorsalized flowers. Dorsal petal identity was lost when TfCYC2 was down-regulated or when TfRAD1 was knocked out. In T. fournieri, the diversified CYC and RAD genes have evolved regulatory loops, and TfCYC2 binds directly to the regulatory regions of an R2R3-MYB factor gene, TfMYB1, which might lead to its asymmetric expression and ultimately establish the asymmetric pigmentation pattern. These findings support the existence of a regulatory module that integrates dorsal-ventral patterning and asymmetric corolla pigmentation in T. fournieri.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihao Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Wuxiu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xinran Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Junqing Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Ziqing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Na Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Keyuan Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Mengqi Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Qincheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xiaohe Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xia Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Da Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
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Ojeda DI, Jaén-Molina R, Santos-Guerra A, Caujape-Castells J, Cronk Q. Temporal, but not spatial, changes in expression patterns of petal identity genes are associated with loss of papillate conical cells and the shift to bird pollination in Macaronesian Lotus (Leguminosae). PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2017; 19:420-427. [PMID: 28135026 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In the generally bee-pollinated genus Lotus a group of four species have evolved bird-pollinated flowers. The floral changes in these species include altered petal orientation, shape and texture. In Lotus these characters are associated with dorsiventral petal identity, suggesting that shifts in the expression of dorsal identity genes may be involved in the evolution of bird pollination. Of particular interest is Lotus japonicus CYCLOIDEA 2 (LjCYC2), known to determine the presence of papillate conical cells on the dorsal petal in L. japonicus. Bird-pollinated species are unusual in not having papillate conical cells on the dorsal petal. Using RT-PCR at various stages of flower development, we determined the timing of expression in all petal types for the three putative petal identity genes (CYC-like genes) in different species with contrasting floral morphology and pollination syndromes. In bird-pollinated species the dorsal identity gene, LjCYC2, is not expressed at the floral stage when papillate conical cells are normally differentiating in bee-pollinated species. In contrast, in bee-pollinated species, LjCYC2 is expressed during conical cell development. Changes in the timing of expression of the above two genes are associated with modifications in petal growth and lateralisation of the dorsal and ventral petals in the bird-pollinated species. This study indicates that changes in the timing, rather than spatial distribution, of expression likely contribute to the modifications of petal micromorphology and petal size during the transition from bee to bird pollination in Macaronesian Lotus species.
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Affiliation(s)
- D I Ojeda
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - R Jaén-Molina
- Jardin Botánico Canario Viera y Clavijo - Unidad Asociada CSIC, Las Palmas, Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - A Santos-Guerra
- Unidad de Botánica-ICIA, Puerto de la Cruz, Canary Islands, Tenerife, Spain
| | - J Caujape-Castells
- Jardin Botánico Canario Viera y Clavijo - Unidad Asociada CSIC, Las Palmas, Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Q Cronk
- The Biodiversity Research Centre, Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Madrigal Y, Alzate JF, Pabón-Mora N. Evolution and Expression Patterns of TCP Genes in Asparagales. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:9. [PMID: 28144250 PMCID: PMC5239819 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
CYCLOIDEA-like genes are involved in the symmetry gene network, limiting cell proliferation in the dorsal regions of bilateral flowers in core eudicots. CYC-like and closely related TCP genes (acronym for TEOSINTE BRANCHED1, CYCLOIDEA, and PROLIFERATION CELL FACTOR) have been poorly studied in Asparagales, the largest order of monocots that includes both bilateral flowers in Orchidaceae (ca. 25.000 spp) and radially symmetrical flowers in Hypoxidaceae (ca. 200 spp). With the aim of assessing TCP gene evolution in the Asparagales, we isolated TCP-like genes from publicly available databases and our own transcriptomes of Cattleya trianae (Orchidaceae) and Hypoxis decumbens (Hypoxidaceae). Our matrix contains 452 sequences representing the three major clades of TCP genes. Besides the previously identified CYC specific core eudicot duplications, our ML phylogenetic analyses recovered an early CIN-like duplication predating all angiosperms, two CIN-like Asparagales-specific duplications and a duplication prior to the diversification of Orchidoideae and Epidendroideae. In addition, we provide evidence of at least three duplications of PCF-like genes in Asparagales. While CIN-like and PCF-like genes have multiplied in Asparagales, likely enhancing the genetic network for cell proliferation, CYC-like genes remain as single, shorter copies with low expression. Homogeneous expression of CYC-like genes in the labellum as well as the lateral petals suggests little contribution to the bilateral perianth in C. trianae. CIN-like and PCF-like gene expression suggests conserved roles in cell proliferation in leaves, sepals and petals, carpels, ovules and fruits in Asparagales by comparison with previously reported functions in core eudicots and monocots. This is the first large scale analysis of TCP-like genes in Asparagales that will serve as a platform for in-depth functional studies in emerging model monocots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesenia Madrigal
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Biología, Universidad de AntioquiaMedellín, Colombia
| | - Juan F. Alzate
- Centro Nacional de Secuenciación Genómica, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de AntioquiaMedellín, Colombia
| | - Natalia Pabón-Mora
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Biología, Universidad de AntioquiaMedellín, Colombia
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Xu Z, Cheng K, Li X, Yang J, Xu S, Cao X, Hu X, Xie W, Yuan L, Ambrose M, Chen G, Mi H, Luo D. Transcriptional and Post-transcriptional Modulation of SQU and KEW Activities in the Control of Dorsal-Ventral Asymmetric Flower Development in Lotus japonicus. MOLECULAR PLANT 2016; 9:722-736. [PMID: 26854849 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2016.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In Papilionoideae legume, Lotus japonicus, the development of dorsal-ventral (DV) asymmetric flowers is mainly controlled by two TB1/CYCLOIDEA/PCF (TCP) genes, SQUARED STANDARD (SQU) and KEELED WINGS IN LOTUS (KEW), which determine dorsal and lateral identities, respectively. However, the molecular basis of how these two highly homologous genes orchestrate their diverse functions remains unclear. Here, we analyzed their expression levels, and investigated the transcriptional activities of SQU and KEW. We demonstrated that SQU possesses both activation and repression activities, while KEW acts only as an activator. They form homo- and heterodimers, and then collaboratively regulate their expression at the transcription level. Furthermore, we identified two types of post-transcriptional modifications, phosphorylation and ATP/GTP binding, both of which could affect their transcriptional activities. Mutations in ATP/GTP binding motifs of SQU and KEW lead to failure of phosphorylation, and transgenic plants bearing the mutant proteins display defective DV asymmetric flower development, indicating that the two conjugate modifications are essential for their diverse functions. Altogether, SQU and KEW activities are precisely modulated at both transcription and post-transcription levels, which might link DV asymmetric flower development to different physiological status and/or signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; Modality of LFIA, Research and Application Marketing, Healthcare Group of General Electric, China Technology Park, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Kai Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xin Li
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jun Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shilei Xu
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Xiangling Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaohe Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Wei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Mike Ambrose
- Department of Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Genyun Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hualing Mi
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Da Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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17
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De Paolo S, Gaudio L, Aceto S. Analysis of the TCP genes expressed in the inflorescence of the orchid Orchis italica. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16265. [PMID: 26531864 PMCID: PMC4632031 DOI: 10.1038/srep16265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
TCP proteins are plant-specific transcription factors involved in many different processes. Because of their involvement in a large number of developmental pathways, their roles have been investigated in various plant species. However, there are almost no studies of this transcription factor family in orchids. Based on the available transcriptome of the inflorescence of the orchid Orchis italica, in the present study we identified 12 transcripts encoding TCP proteins. The phylogenetic analysis showed that they belong to different TCP classes (I and II) and groups (PCF, CIN and CYC/TB1), and that they display a number of conserved motifs when compared with the TCPs of Arabidopsis and Oryza. The presence of a specific cleavage site for the microRNA miRNA319, an important post-transcriptional regulator of several TCP genes in other species, was demonstrated for one transcript of O. italica, and the analysis of the expression pattern of the TCP transcripts in different inflorescence organs and in leaf tissue suggests that some TCP transcripts of O. italica exert their role only in specific tissues, while others may play multiple roles in different tissues. In addition, the evolutionary analysis showed a general purifying selection acting on the coding region of these transcripts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia De Paolo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Luciano Gaudio
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Serena Aceto
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
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Hileman LC. Trends in flower symmetry evolution revealed through phylogenetic and developmental genetic advances. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2015; 369:rstb.2013.0348. [PMID: 24958922 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A striking aspect of flowering plant (angiosperm) diversity is variation in flower symmetry. From an ancestral form of radial symmetry (polysymmetry, actinomorphy), multiple evolutionary transitions have contributed to instances of non-radial forms, including bilateral symmetry (monosymmetry, zygomorphy) and asymmetry. Advances in flowering plant molecular phylogenetic research and studies of character evolution as well as detailed flower developmental genetic studies in a few model species (e.g. Antirrhinum majus, snapdragon) have provided a foundation for deep insights into flower symmetry evolution. From phylogenetic studies, we have a better understanding of where during flowering plant diversification transitions from radial to bilateral flower symmetry (and back to radial symmetry) have occurred. From developmental studies, we know that a genetic programme largely dependent on the functional action of the CYCLOIDEA gene is necessary for differentiation along the snapdragon dorsoventral flower axis. Bringing these two lines of inquiry together has provided surprising insights into both the parallel recruitment of a CYC-dependent developmental programme during independent transitions to bilateral flower symmetry, and the modifications to this programme in transitions back to radial flower symmetry, during flowering plant evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena C Hileman
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
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19
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Choi J, Kim KT, Jeon J, Wu J, Song H, Asiegbu FO, Lee YH. funRNA: a fungi-centered genomics platform for genes encoding key components of RNAi. BMC Genomics 2014; 15 Suppl 9:S14. [PMID: 25522231 PMCID: PMC4290597 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-s9-s14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND RNA interference (RNAi) is involved in genome defense as well as diverse cellular, developmental, and physiological processes. Key components of RNAi are Argonaute, Dicer, and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP), which have been functionally characterized mainly in model organisms. The key components are believed to exist throughout eukaryotes; however, there is no systematic platform for archiving and dissecting these important gene families. In addition, few fungi have been studied to date, limiting our understanding of RNAi in fungi. Here we present funRNA http://funrna.riceblast.snu.ac.kr/, a fungal kingdom-wide comparative genomics platform for putative genes encoding Argonaute, Dicer, and RdRP. DESCRIPTION To identify and archive genes encoding the abovementioned key components, protein domain profiles were determined from reference sequences obtained from UniProtKB/SwissProt. The domain profiles were searched using fungal, metazoan, and plant genomes, as well as bacterial and archaeal genomes. 1,163, 442, and 678 genes encoding Argonaute, Dicer, and RdRP, respectively, were predicted. Based on the identification results, active site variation of Argonaute, diversification of Dicer, and sequence analysis of RdRP were discussed in a fungus-oriented manner. funRNA provides results from diverse bioinformatics programs and job submission forms for BLAST, BLASTMatrix, and ClustalW. Furthermore, sequence collections created in funRNA are synced with several gene family analysis portals and databases, offering further analysis opportunities. CONCLUSIONS funRNA provides identification results from a broad taxonomic range and diverse analysis functions, and could be used in diverse comparative and evolutionary studies. It could serve as a versatile genomics workbench for key components of RNAi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeyoung Choi
- Center for Fungal Pathogenesis, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
- Fungal Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Kim
- Fungal Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
| | - Jongbum Jeon
- Fungal Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
| | - Jiayao Wu
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hyeunjeong Song
- Fungal Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
| | - Fred O Asiegbu
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yong-Hwan Lee
- Center for Fungal Pathogenesis, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
- Fungal Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Center for Fungal Genetic Resources, Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
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20
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Hileman LC. Bilateral flower symmetry--how, when and why? CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 17:146-52. [PMID: 24507506 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2013.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Bilateral flower symmetry has evolved multiple times during flowering plant diversification, is associated with specialized pollination, and is hypothesized to have contributed to flowering plant species richness. The genes and genetic interactions that control bilateral symmetry are well understood in the model species Snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus). I review recent insights into the genetic control of symmetry in Snapdragon. I summarize how this foundational genetic work has been integrated with mathematical modeling approaches, which together provided new insights into the control of quantitative aspects of petal shape. Lastly, I review how evolutionary studies, stemming from knowledge of the genetic control of symmetry in Snapdragon flowers, have revealed extensive parallel recruitment of a similar genetic program during repeated evolution of bilateral symmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena C Hileman
- University of Kansas, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.
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21
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Hofer JMI, Noel Ellis TH. Developmental specialisations in the legume family. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 17:153-8. [PMID: 24507507 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2013.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The legume family is astonishingly diverse; inventiveness in the form of novel organs, modified organs and additional meristems, is rife. Evolutionary changes can be inferred from the phylogenetic pattern of this diversity, but a full understanding of the origin of these 'hopeful monsters' of meristematic potential requires clear phylogenetic reconstructions and extensive, species-rich, sequence data. The task is large, but rapid progress is being made in both these areas. Here we review specialisations that have been characterised in a subset of intensively studied papilionoid legume taxa at the vanguard of developmental genetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie M I Hofer
- Institute of Biological, Environmental & Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion SY23 3EE, UK.
| | - T H Noel Ellis
- Institute of Biological, Environmental & Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion SY23 3EE, UK
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Xu S, Luo Y, Cai Z, Cao X, Hu X, Yang J, Luo D. Functional diversity of CYCLOIDEA-like TCP genes in the control of zygomorphic flower development in Lotus japonicus. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2013; 55:221-31. [PMID: 23009172 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7909.2012.01169.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
CYCLOIDEA (CYC)-like TCP genes play key roles in dorsoventral differentiation of zygomorphic flowers in Papilionoideae legumes. In this study, we analyzed the kew mutants whose flowers lost lateral identity, and investigated the diverse functions of three LjCYC genes during zygomorphic flower development in the model legume Lotus japonicus. We showed that kew1 and kew3 are allelic mutants of LjCYC3, a CYC-like TCP gene. Through transgenic experiments, it was shown that LjCYC1 possesses dorsal activity similar to LjCYC2, and that LjCYC3 alone is sufficient to confer lateral activity, and an epistatic effect between dorsal and lateral activities was identified. Sequence analysis revealed a striking alteration at the 3' end of the LjCYC3 open reading frame (ORF) in comparison with those of LjCYC1 and LjCYC2 ORFs. Furthermore, it was found that LjCYC proteins could interact with each other and possess different activities by means of a transcriptional activity assay. Our data demonstrate that the sequence variation and the subsequent alteration of protein property play important roles in the functional diversity of different LjCYC genes in controlling zygomorphic flower development in Lotus japonicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilei Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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Atif RM, Patat-Ochatt EM, Svabova L, Ondrej V, Klenoticova H, Jacas L, Griga M, Ochatt SJ. Gene Transfer in Legumes. PROGRESS IN BOTANY 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-30967-0_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Weng L, Tian Z, Feng X, Li X, Xu S, Hu X, Luo D, Yang J. Petal Development in Lotus japonicus. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2011; 53:770-82. [PMID: 21902804 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7909.2011.01072.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that petal shape and size in legume flowers are determined by two separate mechanisms, dorsoventral (DV) and organ internal (IN) asymmetric mechanisms, respectively. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms controlling petal development in legumes. To address this question, we investigated petal development along the floral DV axis in Lotus japonicus with respect to cell and developmental biology by comparing wild-type legumes to mutants. Based on morphological markers, the entire course of petal development, from initiation to maturity, was grouped to define 3 phases or 13 stages. In terms of epidermal micromorphology from adaxial surface, mature petals were divided into several distinct domains, and characteristic epidermal cells of each petal differentiated at stage 9, while epidermal cells of all domains were observed until stage 12. TCP and MIXTA-like genes were found to be differentially expressed in various domains of petals at stages 9 and 12. Our results suggest that DV and IN mechanisms interplay at different stages of petal development, and their interaction at the cellular and molecular level guides the elaboration of domains within petals to achieve their ideal shape, and further suggest that TCP genes determine petal identity along the DV axis by regulating MIXTA-like gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Weng
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, ChinaKey Laboratory of Plant Stress Research of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zhaoxia Tian
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, ChinaKey Laboratory of Plant Stress Research of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xianzhong Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, ChinaKey Laboratory of Plant Stress Research of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xin Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, ChinaKey Laboratory of Plant Stress Research of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Shilei Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, ChinaKey Laboratory of Plant Stress Research of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xiaohe Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, ChinaKey Laboratory of Plant Stress Research of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Da Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, ChinaKey Laboratory of Plant Stress Research of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jun Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, ChinaKey Laboratory of Plant Stress Research of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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